CN103207268A - Environmental simulation test box for quantitatively analyzing PM2.5 (fine particulate matter) absorbing capability of plants - Google Patents
Environmental simulation test box for quantitatively analyzing PM2.5 (fine particulate matter) absorbing capability of plants Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of air quality monitoring, in particular to an environmental simulation test box for quantitatively analyzing PM2.5 (fine particulate matter) absorbing capability of plants. The environmental simulation test box comprises a closable box body, a PM2.5 generator, a PM2.5 measuring device, a constant-temperature constant-humidity device, a lighting simulating device, a raining simulating device and a wind simulating device, wherein the PM2.5 generator and the PM2.5 measuring device are communicated with the box body, and the constant-temperature constant-humidity device, the lighting simulating device, the raining simulating device and the wind simulating device are disposed in the box body. By the structure, influences of natural environments can be isolated, environmental parameters can be simulated quantitatively, and accordingly PM2.5 absorbing capability of plants can be measured accurately, and scientific and effective basis is provided for quantifying PM2.5 absorbing capability of various plants and forest planting selection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the air quality monitoring field, be specifically related to a kind of environmental simulation experimental box towards the quantitative test of plant absorption PM2.5 ability.
Background technology
Can go into the lung particle is PM2.5, to important influence such as air quality and visibilitys.The generation of PM2.5 is mainly derived from the residue that discharges through burning in the processes such as commercial production and motor vehicle exhaust emission.The PM2.5 particle diameter is little, contain a large amount of organism, inorganics, virus, mould and some strong carcinogens, and surface area is big, and absorption affinity is strong, also is detained than the easier human body that enters of coarse particle, and health is caused very big threat.The PM2.5 index has become the index of an important observing and controlling air pollution degree.
As everyone knows, plant can be adsorbed PM2.5, can reduce PM2.5 concentration effectively by afforestation, and is much but its individual ability has on earth, and which seeds is more suitable for also lacks scientific and effective data support for absorption PM2.5.This be because, plant itself absorbs the retardance of particles such as PM2.5 and is difficult to mensuration.Natural conditions such as natural wind, rainfall absorb the influence of particles such as PM2.5 to the plant retardance under the pollutant be limited by from different pollution source naturally, the natural conditions because measure, so be difficult to can organize what particles such as PM2.5 of absorption accurately to measure on earth to plant itself.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical matters that will solve
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of environmental simulation experimental box towards the quantitative test of plant absorption PM2.5 ability, be used for isolated factor of natural environment absorbs particles such as PM2.5 to the plant retardance influence, obtain the numerical value of various plant absorption PM2.5 accurately, for quantizing various plants to the adsorptive power of PM2.5 and selecting reproducting tree species to provide scientific and effective according to supporting.
(2) technical scheme
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of environmental simulation experimental box towards the quantitative test of plant absorption PM2.5 ability comprises:
Sealable casing,
The PM2.5 generating apparatus that is communicated with described casing and PM2.5 measurement mechanism respectively,
And
Be positioned at constant temperature and humidity device, illumination analogue means, rainfall simulator and the wind analogue means of described casing.
Preferably, described box frame is aluminium alloy extrusions, and described tank floor is organic glass or other materials, and its lap is organic glass; Described interior is coated with poly tetrafluoroethylene.
Preferably, offer closeable plant discrepancy window on the described casing.
Preferably, the periphery of described plant discrepancy window and the junction between described casing face and the face all seal by silicagel pad.
Preferably, described bottom half offers some roads gutter channel, but described gutter channel converges at the closed row water hole that is arranged at described bottom half.
Preferably, described casing is provided with closeable exhausting window, and described exhausting window place is provided with the air purification filter device.
Preferably, described PM2.5 generating apparatus comprises that initial p M2.5 particle generates mechanism and pure air generates mechanism, and described initial p M2.5 particle generates mechanism and pure air generation mechanism is communicated to described casing by the mixing diversion mechanism.
Preferably, described initial p M2.5 particle generates aerosol generator, particle cutter and the gas meter that mechanism comprises setting in turn; Described pure air generates mechanism and comprises air generator and the gas meter that arranges in turn.
Preferably, described mixing diversion mechanism comprises that gas mixing pipe, the drying of connection are removed electrostatic equipment and two-way valve in turn.
Preferably, described PM2.5 measurement mechanism comprises particle collector, particle quality concentration detector and the corpuscular counter that is communicated to described casing respectively.
(3) beneficial effect
The present invention is by arranging airtight casing, constant temperature and humidity device, illumination analogue means, rainfall simulator and wind analogue means are set in casing simulate various physical environments, and the PM2.5 generating apparatus and the PM2.5 measurement mechanism that are communicated with casing respectively are set, the influence that so just can completely cut off physical environment, parameter that can the quantitative model environment, and then record the numerical value that various plants are adsorbed PM2.5 accurately, for quantizing various plants to the adsorptive power of PM2.5 and selecting reproducting tree species to provide scientific and effective according to supporting.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation that adsorbs the environmental simulation experimental box of PM2.5 ability quantitative test towards plant of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the generating apparatus of PM2.5 shown in Fig. 1.
Among the figure: 1: casing; 2: plant discrepancy window; 3: exhausting window; 4: rainfall simulator; 5: the illumination analogue means; 6: the constant temperature and humidity device; 7: the wind analogue means; 8:PM2.5 measurement mechanism; 11: aerosol generator; 12: air generator; 14: gas meter; 15: the particle cutter; 16: gas mixing pipe; 17: drying is removed electrostatic equipment; 18: two-way valve.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described further.Following examples only are used for explanation the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
A kind of environmental simulation experimental box towards the quantitative test of plant absorption PM2.5 ability as shown in fig. 1, comprise: sealable casing 1, the PM2.5 generating apparatus that is communicated with casing 1 and PM2.5 measurement mechanism 8 respectively are positioned at constant temperature and humidity device 6, illumination analogue means 5, rainfall simulator 4 and the wind analogue means 7 of casing 1.Casing 1 is airtight to be for quantitative test provides the measurement environment of a sealing to plant absorption PM2.5 ability; The skeleton of casing 1 is aluminium alloy extrusions, and casing 1 bottom surface is organic glass or other materials, and its lap is organic glass, and this is owing to because the PM2.5 that organic glass adsorbs than other materials lacks, can reduce measuring error; The material of relative hard then can be selected in the bottom surface, can carry plant to be measured.Constant temperature and humidity device 6, illumination analogue means 5, rainfall simulator 4 and wind analogue means 7 mainly are in order to simulate under the influence of environment the variation of plant absorption PM2.5 ability; The constant temperature and humidity device is mainly used in keeping experimentation raising middle flask homoiostasis; Illumination analogue means 5 is preferably daylight lamp, can select the light source of different wave length to carry out illumination at different floristics, carries out photosynthesis for plant; Rainfall simulator 4 mainly comprises the sprinkler head that is arranged on the casing top, and it can generate on the one hand the rainfall environment of varying strength, on the other hand, can be used for cleaning experimentize before, the particle that may adhere on the plant leaf surface; Wind analogue means 7 mainly comprises circulating fan, it should be noted that the air inlet of circulating fan will be arranged in the casing, because it mainly is the air-flow circulation that strengthens box house, causes measuring error but can not introduce extraneous air.
Wherein, the outward appearance of casing 1 can be set as required, for example can be right cylinder, cube and other polyhedrons etc., and the volume of casing 1 needs to set according to plant outward appearance to be analyzed; In the present embodiment, casing 1 integral body is rectangular parallelepiped, and its length all in the 1m-2m scope, for example, can be 1.5m * 1.5m * 1.5m.
In order further to reduce casing itself to the suction-operated of PM2.5, be coated with one deck to the very faint poly tetrafluoroethylene of particle adsorptive power at the inside surface of casing 1.
Further, the casing 1 of plant plant turnover for convenience offers closeable plant discrepancy window 2 at casing 1.
Further, the periphery of plant discrepancy window 2 and the junction between casing face and the face avoid outside air to enter casing all by the silicagel pad sealing, and measurement result is caused interference.
Further, also be provided with closeable exhausting window 3 on the casing 1, for prevent in the casing 1 particle to external world air pollute, be provided with the air purification filter device at exhausting window 3 places the gas of discharging carried out purified treatment.
Wherein, the PM2.5 generating apparatus mainly comprises the two parts that be arranged in parallel as shown in Figure 2, and initial p M2.5 particle generates mechanism and pure air generates mechanism; Initial p M2.5 particle generates mechanism and pure air generation mechanism is communicated to casing by the mixing diversion mechanism.Initial p M2.5 particle generates mechanism and comprises aerosol generator 11, particle cutter and the gas meter 14 that arranges in turn; Aerosol generator 11 is for generation of specific particle, and pure air generates mechanism and comprises air generator 12 and the gas meter 14 that arranges in turn; Described mixing diversion mechanism comprises that gas mixing pipe 16, the drying of connection are removed electrostatic equipment 17 and two-way valve 18 in turn.Initial p M2.5 particle generate that particle mixed gas that mechanism generates and pure air generate pure air that mechanism generates through mixing drying in the mixing diversion mechanism and after going Electrostatic Treatment through inserting simultaneously behind the two-way valve 18 in the casing 1; By the casing of plant is housed, the variation of can online observation casing endoparticle thing counting concentration, mass concentration, particle diameter etc.
Wherein, PM2.5 measurement mechanism 8 comprises particle collector, particle quality concentration detector and the corpuscular counter that is communicated to described casing respectively by probe.
In the practical operation, for the influence to particles such as PM2.5 of the wall of eliminating the environmental simulation experimental box fully, we carry out control test, prepare two living simulated experiment casees of the present invention, choose certain plant, behind the particle on the cleaning plant leaf surface, it is indoor to be positioned over clean axenic cultivation, moisture evaporation on the blade is done, plant is moved in one of them environmental simulation experimental box of the present invention, do not place plant in another contrast simulated experiment case.In order to keep the test condition unanimity, open rainfall simulator 4 and osculum and air generator 12 and the vent port of two simulated experiment casees simultaneously, utilize rainfall and clean air to get rid of airborne PM2.5 in the PM2.5 of leaf surface remnants and the simulation test case, turn off rainfall simulator 4 after certain intensity rainfall, continue to feed pure air till the abundant drying of leaf surface.So far two simulated experiment casees are except plant, and all the other conditionally completes are identical.Prepare the beginning subsequent experimental.
The particle that simulated experiment case of the present invention can be simulated the different component of different-grain diameter scope, variable concentrations is adsorbed the variation that measure the back by plant under certain condition.At first utilize aerosol generator 11 to produce the particle of heterogeneity (such as sulfate, nitrate etc.), (needing aerodynamic diameter such as us is particle less than 2.5 microns after utilizing the particle cutter to remove particle outside the required particle size range, we just select suitable aerodynamic force cutting head to remove particle greater than 2.5 microns), obtain the experiment particle mixed gas of variable grain substrate concentration after the air of regulating the cleaning that flow and air generator 12 produce by flowmeter less than 2.5 microns particle that produces mixed by flowmeter adjusting flow, go electrostatic equipment 17 that it is carried out after dry electrostatic prevention handles by drying, be passed into simulated experiment case that plant is housed simultaneously and carry out in the simulated experiment case of not placing plant of control test by two-way valve 18, reach simulated experiment case internal gas pressure with atmospheric pressure unanimity in the atmosphere after, close air intake opening.Open circulating fan, make the air circulation of simulation incubator, open particle quality concentration detector and corpuscular counter and detect the initial mass particle concentration C that plant simulation chamber PM2.5 is arranged in two simulation test case air
1 M0And number of particles concentration C
1 N0, detect the mass particle concentration C of airborne PM2.5 again through behind the several hrs
1 M1And number of particles concentration C
1 N1, detect once every several hrs, in adjacent twice testing result, till mass particle concentration and the number of particles concentration unanimity, record the mass particle concentration C of last PM2.5
1 MxAnd number of particles concentration C
1 Nx, because the volume of two simulation incubators is that V is known, so the PM2.5 mass particle is reduced to Δ m in the simulation test case
1=(C
1 M0-C
1 Mx) V, number of particles is changed to Δ n
1=(C
1 N0-C
1 Nx) V.
The mass particle concentration C that does not have the PM2.5 in the contrast simulation test case of plant
2 M0And number of particles concentration C
2 N0, detect the mass particle concentration C of airborne PM2.5 again through behind the several hrs
2 M1And number of particles concentration C
2 N1Detect once every several hrs, know till the mass particle concentration and number of particles concentration unanimity of adjacent twice detection, record the mass particle concentration C of last PM2.5
2 MxAnd number of particles concentration C
2 Nx, because the volume of two simulation incubators is that V is known, so the PM2.5 mass particle is reduced to △ m in the simulation test case
2=(C
2 M0-C
2 Mx) V, number of particles is changed to △ n
2=(C
2 N0-C
2 Nx) V.
Therefore the quality of the PM2.5 of the plant absorption in the incubator is
Δm=Δm
1-Δm
2=（C
1 m0-C
1 mx）V-（C
2 m0-C
2 mx）V
The population of the plant absorption in the incubator is
Δn=Δn
1-Δn
2=（C
1 n0-C
1 nx）V-（C
2 n0-C
2 nx）V
Therefore pass through the PM2.5 measurement mechanism 8 of connection, the variation of observation casing endoparticle thing number concentration, mass concentration, particle diameter etc., therefore can very clearly calculate the plant plant has adsorbed the PM2.5 particle of how many quality, the PM2.5 particle of how many numbers.And can detect plant by the configuration of aerosol generator 11 to the adsorption effect of particles such as PM1.0, PM2.5, PM10.
Above embodiment only is used for explanation the present invention; and be not limitation of the present invention; the those of ordinary skill in relevant technologies field; under the situation that does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention; can also make a variety of changes and modification, so all technical schemes that are equal to also belong to protection category of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the environmental simulation experimental box towards the quantitative test of plant absorption PM2.5 ability is characterized in that, comprising:
Sealable casing,
The PM2.5 generating apparatus that is communicated with described casing and PM2.5 measurement mechanism respectively,
And
Be positioned at constant temperature and humidity device, illumination analogue means, rainfall simulator and the wind analogue means of described casing.
2. environmental simulation experimental box according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described box frame is aluminium alloy extrusions, and described tank floor is organic glass or other materials, and its lap is organic glass; Described interior is coated with poly tetrafluoroethylene.
3. environmental simulation experimental box according to claim 2 is characterized in that, offers closeable plant discrepancy window on the described casing.
4. environmental simulation experimental box according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the periphery of described plant discrepancy window and the junction between described casing face and the face all seal by silicagel pad.
5. environmental simulation experimental box according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described bottom half offers some roads gutter channel, but described gutter channel converges at the closed row water hole that is arranged at described bottom half.
6. environmental simulation experimental box according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described casing is provided with closeable exhausting window, and described exhausting window place is provided with the air purification filter device.
7. according to any described environmental simulation experimental box of claim 1-6, it is characterized in that, described PM2.5 generating apparatus comprises that initial p M2.5 particle generates mechanism and pure air generates mechanism, and described initial p M2.5 particle generates mechanism and pure air generation mechanism is communicated to described casing by the mixing diversion mechanism.
8. environmental simulation experimental box according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described initial p M2.5 particle generates mechanism and comprises aerosol generator, particle cutter and the gas meter that arranges in turn; Described pure air generates mechanism and comprises air generator and the gas meter that arranges in turn.
9. environmental simulation experimental box according to claim 8 is characterized in that, described mixing diversion mechanism comprises that gas mixing pipe, the drying of connection are removed electrostatic equipment and two-way valve in turn.
10. according to claim 1-6 or any described environmental simulation experimental box of 8-9, it is characterized in that described PM2.5 measurement mechanism comprises particle collector, particle quality concentration detector and the corpuscular counter that is communicated to described casing respectively.
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