CN111649433A - Method for effectively reducing indoor formaldehyde concentration - Google Patents
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- CN111649433A CN111649433A CN202010495714.XA CN202010495714A CN111649433A CN 111649433 A CN111649433 A CN 111649433A CN 202010495714 A CN202010495714 A CN 202010495714A CN 111649433 A CN111649433 A CN 111649433A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/0001—Control or safety arrangements for ventilation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
- F24F11/63—Electronic processing
- F24F11/64—Electronic processing using pre-stored data
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
- F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/88—Electrical aspects, e.g. circuits
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
- F24F2110/10—Temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
- F24F2110/20—Humidity
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
- F24F2110/50—Air quality properties
- F24F2110/65—Concentration of specific substances or contaminants
- F24F2110/66—Volatile organic compounds [VOC]
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for effectively reducing the concentration of indoor formaldehyde, which comprises simulating, selecting a purification mode, installing a fresh air system, adding an absorption source and changing the layout, wherein when the problem of indoor formaldehyde pollution cannot be solved by natural ventilation by installing the fresh air system, the problem can be solved by adding mechanical ventilation, the mechanical ventilation mode is reasonably determined by combining house decoration and the overall layout, the indoor airflow organization can be obviously improved by effective mechanical ventilation, the indoor formaldehyde pollution is improved, the formaldehyde pollution is improved by applying formaldehyde paint and adding the absorption source for assistance, the indoor formaldehyde pollution is improved, the problem that the formaldehyde in a local area exceeds the standard can be effectively improved by placing the absorption source in an area with poor ventilation or pollution accumulation, the natural ventilation or the mechanical ventilation is effectively assisted, the pollution source is placed in an area with better air flow organization and reduced air age by changing the layout of furniture, can utilize natural ventilation to the maximum extent to improve indoor formaldehyde pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of indoor formaldehyde purification, in particular to a method for effectively reducing the indoor formaldehyde concentration.
Background
The main sources of formaldehyde in the indoor air are various plates, and the bonding performance of the plates is improved by adding formaldehyde into the adhesive in the production and processing processes of the plates; the added formaldehyde does not completely participate in the reaction, and can release formaldehyde outwards under certain conditions, so that indoor air pollution is caused; paint or ornaments commonly used in the home decoration process. Such as paint, wallpaper, wall cloth, etc.; incomplete combustion of fuels, flavors, cigarettes, etc. also produces formaldehyde; cosmetics, detergents, preservatives and other household articles commonly used indoors; it can be seen that various products containing formaldehyde are present in various aspects of home life, although formaldehyde is harmful to human bodies.
Along with the continuous improvement of human settlements environment level, people also are higher and higher to the requirement of indoor air quality, at present, purify indoor formaldehyde, carry out natural draft through windowing, come the formaldehyde concentration in the clean room, it is great by the environmental impact, and receive indoor pattern and overall arrangement influence, can lead to indoor partial region to ventilate and insert, the air current does not flow to lead to formaldehyde accumulation to exceed standard, so the method of effectual reduction indoor formaldehyde concentration of urgently needed solves above-mentioned problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an effective method for reducing indoor formaldehyde concentration, which can effectively solve the problem that the existing method for purifying indoor formaldehyde and naturally ventilating by opening a window to purify the indoor formaldehyde concentration is greatly influenced by the environment and is influenced by indoor pattern and layout, so that the indoor partial area is ventilated and inserted, airflow does not flow, and the accumulated formaldehyde exceeds the standard.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an effective method for reducing indoor formaldehyde concentration comprises the following steps:
s1, simulation: performing environment simulation by using Airpak software, and analyzing indoor air flow organization distribution;
s2, selecting: if the house is not finished or the house is finished but can be changed, installing a fresh air system, and if the house is finished and the fresh air system cannot be added, adopting formaldehyde paint;
s3, installing a fresh air system: calculating and judging a formaldehyde accumulation position according to the distribution of the airflow organization, and determining the position of an air port and a ventilation mode by combining indoor layout;
s4, adding an absorption source: arranging absorption sources indoors according to the distribution of airflow organization to assist in absorbing formaldehyde;
s5, changing the layout: furniture or formaldehyde pollution sources in poorly air-organized areas are adjusted to be close to areas where the air flow is circulating or where the air is low in age.
Preferably, in step S1, the Airpak software is used to perform environment simulation, specifically: firstly, after a study house is determined, modeling is carried out by utilizing a block function instruction carried by Airpak software, and a physical model is established; secondly, determining boundary conditions and initial conditions according to the actual conditions of the house; then, generating a grid by using Airpak software, solving and calculating by using a finite element volume method with high calculation efficiency, and finally outputting an output cloud picture comprising a velocity vector picture, an air age picture, a concentration distribution cloud picture and a particle motion trail picture according to a calculation result.
Preferably, the house is not decorated, air ports are reserved on the suspended ceiling and the bottom plate, and a fresh air system is installed to realize mechanical ventilation.
Preferably, the house is decorated but can be changed, a wall opening is formed in the masonry structure wall in the area with poor air flow organization according to the simulation result of Airpak software, and a fan of a fresh air system is installed in the wall opening to achieve mechanical ventilation.
Preferably, in step S2, the formaldehyde coating includes, but is not limited to, photocatalytic type, adsorption type, reactive type, and composite type coatings.
Preferably, in step S4, the spotting position of the absorption source includes: the area of the vortex generated indoors is obtained according to the simulation result of Airpak software, and the area of the pollution source indoors is large.
Preferably, in step S5, the furniture is adjusted according to the Airpak software simulation result to make the indoor airflow flow smoother, so as to avoid generating vortex near the furniture, and the formaldehyde pollution source is adjusted to be located on the airflow path, so as to purify the formaldehyde emitted from the formaldehyde pollution source by the airflow flow.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the indoor formaldehyde pollution improvement system is scientific and reasonable in structure and safe and convenient to use, when the problem of indoor formaldehyde pollution cannot be solved through natural ventilation by installing the fresh air system, the problem can be solved by adding mechanical ventilation, the mechanical ventilation mode is reasonably determined by combining house decoration and overall layout, the indoor air flow organization can be obviously improved through effective mechanical ventilation, the indoor formaldehyde pollution can be improved at the same time, the formaldehyde pollution can be improved by using formaldehyde coating and adding an absorption source for assistance, the problem that the formaldehyde in a local area exceeds the standard can be effectively improved by placing the absorption source in an area with poor ventilation or pollution accumulation, the natural ventilation or mechanical ventilation can be effectively assisted, and the natural ventilation can be utilized to the maximum extent to improve the indoor formaldehyde pollution after the pollution source is placed in an area with better air flow organization and reduced air age by changing the furniture layout.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method for reducing indoor formaldehyde concentration according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.
Example (b): as shown in fig. 1, an effective method for reducing the concentration of formaldehyde in a room comprises the following steps:
s1, simulation: performing environment simulation by using Airpak software, and analyzing indoor air flow organization distribution;
s2, selecting: if the house is not finished or the house is finished but can be changed, installing a fresh air system, and if the house is finished and the fresh air system cannot be added, adopting formaldehyde paint;
s3, installing a fresh air system: calculating and judging a formaldehyde accumulation position according to the distribution of the airflow organization, and determining the position of an air port and a ventilation mode by combining indoor layout;
s4, adding an absorption source: arranging absorption sources indoors according to the distribution of airflow organization to assist in absorbing formaldehyde;
s5, changing the layout: furniture or formaldehyde pollution sources in poorly air-organized areas are adjusted to be close to areas where the air flow is circulating or where the air is low in age.
In step S1, an Airpak software is used to perform an environmental simulation, specifically: firstly, after a study house is determined, modeling is carried out by utilizing a block function instruction carried by Airpak software, and a physical model is established; secondly, determining boundary conditions and initial conditions according to the actual conditions of the house; then, generating a grid by using Airpak software, solving and calculating by using a finite element volume method with high calculation efficiency, finally outputting an output cloud picture comprising a velocity vector picture, an air age picture, a concentration distribution cloud picture and a particle motion trail picture according to a calculation result, analyzing by using the cloud picture to obtain a velocity vector of indoor airflow and the air age of each position, and calculating the position of formaldehyde pollutant accumulation according to the result.
The method is characterized in that the release amount of formaldehyde in the board is measured by combining an artificial environment climate box method with an acetylacetone spectrophotometry, and numerical simulation contrast experiment measurement values are carried out by using Airpak software, so that the feasibility of the Airpak software is verified, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
and (3) testing environment:
formaldehyde concentration instrumentation and data: 1m3The system comprises an artificial environment testing bin, a constant-current atmospheric sampler, a multifunctional formaldehyde detector, a constant-temperature water bath, an electronic balance, distilled water, ammonium acetate, glacial acetic acid, acetylacetone, hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, iodine (simple substance), potassium iodide, potassium iodate, a starch solution (1g/100ml), a sodium thiosulfate solution and a formaldehyde solution which are all analytically pure.
The technical parameters of the environmental climate box comprise: climate box volume 1m3(ii) a Controlling the temperature to be (23 +/-1 ℃); the relative humidity is controlled to be (45 +/-5)%.
Sample preparation:
selecting a reinforced composite floor and a solid wood board as experimental samples, and carrying out shading and sealing treatment on the samples before the experiment without edge sealing treatment; cutting the plate into the size of 500mm multiplied by 500mm, wherein the specific size is 500mm multiplied by 15 mm; the processed plate is placed in a stable environment similar to the environment cabin, otherwise, the experimental error is overlarge.
The test method comprises the following steps:
measuring the formaldehyde release amount of the plate by using an artificial environment climate box, and setting basic parameters before measurement; the specific parameters are set as follows: the temperature is 25 +/-1 ℃, the relative humidity is 50 +/-5 percent, and the air flow rate in the climatic chamber is 0.2-0.3 m/s; after the climate box operates to set parameters, fully and uniformly mixing the internal gas by using a fan arranged in the climate box; sampling the gas in the climate box every 4 h; sampling is continuously carried out for 8 times, and detection of formaldehyde concentration is carried out by using an acetylacetone spectrophotometry after sampling, so as to obtain measured values of formaldehyde concentration at different moments:
solid wood:
| time (h) | 4 | 8 | 12 | 16 | 20 | 24 | 28 | 32 |
| Absorbance of the solution | 0.1131 | 0.1352 | 0.1541 | 0.1685 | 0.1721 | 0.1813 | 0.1814 | 0.1815 |
| Measured value | 0.0312 | 0.0578 | 0.0765 | 0.0844 | 0.0892 | 0.0912 | 0.0918 | 0.0934 |
A reinforced composite floor board:
airpak software simulation:
in the Airpak software, 1m was established according to the same conditions3The artificial environmental climate box model is used for simulating the formaldehyde emission of different plates. The simulation setting environment is consistent with the previous experimental conditions: the temperature (25 +/-1) DEG C and the relative humidity (50 +/-5)%, and the simulated values of the formaldehyde concentration at different moments are obtained:
solid wood:
| time (h) | 4 | 8 | 12 | 16 | 20 | 24 | 28 | 32 | Mean value of |
| Measured value | 0.0312 | 0.0578 | 0.0765 | 0.0844 | 0.0892 | 0.0912 | 0.0918 | 0.0934 | 0.0883 |
| Analog value | 0.0289 | 0.0495 | 0.0731 | 0.0813 | 0.0867 | 0.0886 | 0.0901 | 0.0925 | 0.0841 |
| Error% | 7.4 | 14.3 | 4.4 | 3.7 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 1.8 | 1 | 5.5 |
A reinforced composite floor board:
| time (h) | 4 | 8 | 12 | 16 | 20 | 24 | 28 | 32 | Mean value of |
| Measured value | 0.0543 | 0.0767 | 0.0877 | 0.1021 | 0.1237 | 0.1346 | 0.1377 | 0.1382 | 0.1068 |
| Analog value | 0.0497 | 0.0694 | 0.0801 | 0.0895 | 0.1037 | 0.1276 | 0.1305 | 0.1357 | 0.0967 |
| Error% | 8.4 | 9.5 | 8.7 | 12.5 | 16.2 | 5.2 | 5.3 | 1.8 | 8.4 |
The concentration actually measured by the artificial environment box is slightly higher than the simulated concentration, which may be caused by that when the artificial environment test box is used for a long time during measurement, partial formaldehyde remains in the box body, and the box body is not thoroughly cleaned before the experiment, so that the residual formaldehyde exists in the box body; and when possible, the indoor formaldehyde gas is contained, the sample is not sealed and stored and is polluted by indoor formaldehyde, the actually-measured concentration is increased, wherein the simulation is carried out in an ideal environment, the simulation process is slightly influenced by the external environment, the average error of the solid wood board is 5.5 percent, the average error of the reinforced composite floor is 8.4 percent, the errors of the two simulations are within +/-20 percent, and the errors meet the requirements in the range of engineering, so that the application of Airpak to simulate the indoor formaldehyde pollution is reasonable and feasible.
Installing a fresh air system, improving the indoor environment through mechanical ventilation, determining the position of an air port by combining the result of Airpak simulation and indoor layout, and calculating the concentration of indoor pollutants by adopting the conservation of the component mass of the pollutants in the indoor air environment in ventilation engineering, wherein the formula can be established as follows:
in the formula: ρ c is the mass concentration of formaldehyde, kg/m3(ii) a Is the diffusion coefficient of formaldehyde; scFor the production of formaldehyde in indoor systems, kg/m3S; the specific parameters for increasing the mechanical ventilation are comprehensively determined according to factors such as the type and the performance of the fan, the indoor requirement for fresh air and the like.
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
when the house is not decorated, reserving air ports on the ceiling and the bottom plate, and installing a fresh air system to realize mechanical ventilation;
when the house is decorated but can be changed, according to the simulation result of Airpak software, a wall opening is formed in a masonry structure wall body in the area with poor air flow organization, and a fan of a fresh air system is installed in the wall opening, so that mechanical ventilation is realized.
Because the density of the formaldehyde pollutant is larger than that of air, the concentration of the formaldehyde tends to increase along with the increase of the height, and ventilation is carried out by adopting a mode of up-air supply and down-air exhaust.
In step S2, for the house that has been finished and the fresh air system cannot be added, formaldehyde purifying paint is used, wherein the formaldehyde purifying paint includes but is not limited to photocatalytic type, adsorption type, reaction type and composite type paint.
In one embodiment, a photocatalytic coating is used, wherein the photocatalytic degradation of formaldehyde is mainly carried out by using nano TiO2Research shows that TiO2When the material is irradiated by light with the wavelength of 387.5nm or less, electrons on a valence band are excited to enter a conduction band, and a hole pair are formed on the valence band; the holes and the oxygen and water indicated by the titanium dioxide form hydroxyl radicals and super negative oxygen ions, and the radicals and the super negative oxygen ions rapidly catalyze and degrade organic matters without selectivity; through a series of oxidation-reduction reactions and free radical reactions, formaldehyde is finally degraded into nontoxic and harmless CO2And H2O, the reaction equation is as follows:
TiO2→e-+h+
H2O+h+→·OH+H+
O2+e-→·O2 -
CH2O+·OH→CO2+H2O；
in the specific case, an air detector is used for monitoring the indoor formaldehyde condition so as to analyze the effect of the formaldehyde purifying coating; the air detector is arranged in the living room; during monitoring, the door and the window and the fresh air system are both in a closed state; the indoor temperature is 23 ℃, and the relative humidity is 65%; under the most unfavorable air flow organization, only the purifying effect of the formaldehyde coating is detected, and the monitoring results are as follows:
the maximum formaldehyde reduction range reaches 58%, and the formaldehyde can be used as an auxiliary means to be combined with a fresh air system to purify indoor formaldehyde.
In step S4, an absorption source is placed at a position where the concentration of formaldehyde is high, that is, the distribution position of the absorption source includes: the area of the vortex generated indoors is obtained according to the simulation result of Airpak software, and the area of the pollution source indoors is large.
In step S5, according to the simulation results by Airpak software, formaldehyde is likely to accumulate in areas with poor air flow organization or high air age, and furniture and some formaldehyde pollution sources are arranged as close as possible to the air flow path or low air age areas according to the velocity vector and air age distribution on the basis of considering the overall indoor layout and beauty, in order to seek to purify indoor formaldehyde by natural ventilation.
Through installing the new trend system, when natural draft can not solve indoor formaldehyde pollution problem, can solve through increasing mechanical draft, mechanical draft mode combines house fitment and overall layout reasonable certainty, effectual mechanical draft can show and improve indoor air current tissue, improve indoor formaldehyde pollution simultaneously, utilize to paint formaldehyde coating and increase the absorption source and assist, improve indoor formaldehyde pollution, the absorption source of placing in the region of bad ventilation or pollution gathering can effectively improve the problem that local region formaldehyde exceeds standard, effectively assist natural draft or mechanical draft, through changing furniture layout, place the pollution source behind the region that air current tissue is better to cut the air age reduction, can utilize natural draft to the at utmost, improve indoor formaldehyde pollution.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The method for effectively reducing the indoor formaldehyde concentration is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, simulation: performing environment simulation by using Airpak software, and analyzing indoor air flow organization distribution;
s2, selecting: if the house is not finished or the house is finished but can be changed, installing a fresh air system, and if the house is finished and the fresh air system cannot be added, adopting formaldehyde paint;
s3, installing a fresh air system: calculating and judging a formaldehyde accumulation position according to the distribution of the airflow organization, and determining the position of an air port and a ventilation mode by combining indoor layout;
s4, adding an absorption source: arranging absorption sources indoors according to the distribution of airflow organization to assist in absorbing formaldehyde;
s5, changing the layout: furniture or formaldehyde pollution sources in poorly air-organized areas are adjusted to be close to areas where the air flow is circulating or where the air is low in age.
2. The method for effectively reducing the formaldehyde concentration in the room as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step S1, an Airpak software is used to perform an environmental simulation, specifically: firstly, after a study house is determined, modeling is carried out by utilizing a block function instruction carried by Airpak software, and a physical model is established; secondly, determining boundary conditions and initial conditions according to the actual conditions of the house; then, generating a grid by using Airpak software, solving and calculating by using a finite element volume method with high calculation efficiency, and finally outputting an output cloud picture comprising a velocity vector picture, an air age picture, a concentration distribution cloud picture and a particle motion trail picture according to a calculation result.
3. The method for effectively reducing the formaldehyde concentration in the room as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and air ports are reserved on the suspended ceiling and the bottom plate when the house is not decorated, and a fresh air system is installed to realize mechanical ventilation.
4. The method for effectively reducing the formaldehyde concentration in the room as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the house is decorated but can be changed, a wall opening is formed in a masonry structure wall body in the poor airflow organization area according to the simulation result of Airpak software, and a fan of a fresh air system is installed in the wall opening to achieve mechanical ventilation.
5. The method for effectively reducing the formaldehyde concentration in the room as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step S2, the formaldehyde coating includes, but is not limited to, photocatalytic, adsorptive, reactive, and composite coatings.
6. The method for effectively reducing the formaldehyde concentration in the room as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step S4, the spotting position of the absorption source includes: the area of the vortex generated indoors is obtained according to the simulation result of Airpak software, and the area of the pollution source indoors is large.
7. The method for effectively reducing the formaldehyde concentration in the room as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step S5, according to the Airpak software simulation result, furniture is adjusted to make the indoor airflow flow more smoothly, avoid generating vortex near the furniture, adjust the formaldehyde pollution source to be located on the airflow path, and purify the formaldehyde emitted from the formaldehyde pollution source by airflow.
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Application publication date: 20200911 |