CN103207268B - Environmental simulation test box for quantitatively analyzing PM2.5 (fine particulate matter) absorbing capability of plants - Google Patents
Environmental simulation test box for quantitatively analyzing PM2.5 (fine particulate matter) absorbing capability of plants Download PDFInfo
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- CN103207268B CN103207268B CN201310077808.5A CN201310077808A CN103207268B CN 103207268 B CN103207268 B CN 103207268B CN 201310077808 A CN201310077808 A CN 201310077808A CN 103207268 B CN103207268 B CN 103207268B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of air quality monitoring, in particular to an environmental simulation test box for quantitatively analyzing PM2.5 (fine particulate matter) absorbing capability of plants. The environmental simulation test box comprises a closable box body, a PM2.5 generator, a PM2.5 measuring device, a constant-temperature constant-humidity device, a lighting simulating device, a raining simulating device and a wind simulating device, wherein the PM2.5 generator and the PM2.5 measuring device are communicated with the box body, and the constant-temperature constant-humidity device, the lighting simulating device, the raining simulating device and the wind simulating device are disposed in the box body. By the structure, influences of natural environments can be isolated, environmental parameters can be simulated quantitatively, and accordingly PM2.5 absorbing capability of plants can be measured accurately, and scientific and effective basis is provided for quantifying PM2.5 absorbing capability of various plants and forest planting selection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to air quality monitoring field, be specifically related to a kind of environmental simulation experimental box towards the quantitative test of plant absorption PM2.5 ability.
Background technology
Can enter lung particle is PM2.5, and air quality and visibility etc. are had to important impact.The generation of PM2.5 is mainly derived from the residue discharging through burning in the process such as commercial production and motor vehicle exhaust emission.PM2.5 particle diameter is little, contain a large amount of organism, inorganics, virus, mould and some strong carcinogens, and surface area is large, and absorption affinity is strong, more easily enters human body and is detained than coarse particle, and health is caused to great threat.PM2.5 index has become the index of an important observing and controlling air pollution degree.
As everyone knows, plant can be adsorbed PM2.5, can effectively reduce PM2.5 concentration by afforestation, much but its individual ability has on earth, and which seeds is more suitable for, for adsorbing PM2.5, also lacks scientific and effective Data support.This is because, plant itself absorbs and is difficult to measure the retardance of the particles such as PM2.5.Plant retardance is absorbed to the impact of the particles such as PM2.5 because measure to be limited by from natural conditions such as natural wind, rainfalls under the pollutant of different pollution source naturally, natural conditions, so be difficult to plant itself can organize on earth the particles such as the how many PM2.5 of absorption to carry out Accurate Measurement.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical matters that will solve
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of environmental simulation experimental box towards the quantitative test of plant absorption PM2.5 ability, for isolated factor of natural environment, plant retardance is absorbed the impact of the particles such as PM2.5, obtain accurately the numerical value of each Plants absorption PM2.5, provide scientific and effective according to supporting for quantizing adsorptive power and the selection reproducting tree species of each Plants to PM2.5.
(2) technical scheme
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
Towards an environmental simulation experimental box for plant absorption PM2.5 ability quantitative test, comprising:
Sealable casing,
The PM2.5 generating apparatus being communicated with described casing respectively and PM2.5 measurement mechanism,
And
Be positioned at constant temperature and humidity device, lighting simulation device, rainfall simulator and the wind analogue means of described casing.
Preferably, described box frame is aluminium alloy extrusions, and described tank floor is organic glass or other materials, and its lap is organic glass; Described interior is coated with poly tetrafluoroethylene.
Preferably, on described casing, offer closeable plant discrepancy window.
Preferably, the junction between periphery and described casing face and the face of described plant discrepancy window all seals by silicagel pad.
Preferably, described bottom half offers some roads gutter channel, described gutter channel converge at be arranged at described bottom half can closed row water hole.
Preferably, be provided with closeable exhausting window on described casing, described exhausting window place is provided with air-purification filter device.
Preferably, described PM2.5 generating apparatus comprises that initial p M2.5 particle generates mechanism and pure air generates mechanism, and described initial p M2.5 particle generates mechanism and pure air generation mechanism is communicated to described casing by mixing diversion mechanism.
Preferably, described initial p M2.5 particle generates aerosol generator, cutter for particles and the gas meter that mechanism comprises setting in turn; Described pure air generates mechanism and comprises the air generator and the gas meter that arrange in turn.
Preferably, described in, mix diversion mechanism and comprise that the gas connecting in turn mixes pipe, dry electrostatic equipment and the two-way valve of going.
Preferably, described PM2.5 measurement mechanism comprises the particle collector, particle quality concentration detector and the corpuscular counter that are communicated to respectively described casing.
(3) beneficial effect
The present invention is by arranging airtight casing, constant temperature and humidity device, lighting simulation device, rainfall simulator and wind analogue means are set in casing and simulate various physical environments, and the PM2.5 generating apparatus and the PM2.5 measurement mechanism that are communicated with casing are respectively set, so just can completely cut off the impact of physical environment, parameter that can quantitative model environment, and then record accurately the numerical value that each Plants adsorbs PM2.5, provide scientific and effective according to supporting for quantizing adsorptive power and the selection reproducting tree species of each Plants to PM2.5.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of environmental simulation experimental box towards the quantitative test of plant absorption PM2.5 ability of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the generating apparatus of PM2.5 shown in Fig. 1.
In figure: 1: casing; 2: plant discrepancy window; 3: exhausting window; 4: rainfall simulator; 5: lighting simulation device; 6: constant temperature and humidity device; 7: wind analogue means; 8:PM2.5 measurement mechanism; 11: aerosol generator; 12: air generator; 14: gas meter; 15: cutter for particles; 16: gas mixes pipe; 17: the dry electrostatic equipment that goes; 18: two-way valve.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described further.Following examples are only for the present invention is described, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
A kind of environmental simulation experimental box towards the quantitative test of plant absorption PM2.5 ability as shown in Figure 1, comprise: sealable casing 1, the PM2.5 generating apparatus being communicated with casing 1 respectively and PM2.5 measurement mechanism 8, be positioned at constant temperature and humidity device 6, lighting simulation device 5, rainfall simulator 4 and the wind analogue means 7 of casing 1.Casing 1 is airtight is for to plant absorption PM2.5 ability, quantitative test provides the measurement environment of a sealing; The skeleton of casing 1 is aluminium alloy extrusions, and casing 1 bottom surface is organic glass or other materials, and its lap is organic glass, and this is due to because organic glass is fewer than the PM2.5 of other material absorption, can reduce measuring error; The material of relative hard can be selected in bottom surface, can carry plant to be measured.Constant temperature and humidity device 6, lighting simulation device 5, rainfall simulator 4 and wind analogue means 7 are mainly in order to simulate under the impact of environment, the variation of plant absorption PM2.5 ability; Constant temperature and humidity device is mainly used in keeping experimentation raising middle flask homoiostasis; Lighting simulation device 5 is preferably daylight lamp, can be for different floristics, and select the light source of different wave length to carry out illumination, carry out photosynthesis for plant; Rainfall simulator 4 mainly comprises the sprinkler head that is arranged on casing top, and it can generate on the one hand the rainfall environment of varying strength, on the other hand, before can being used for cleaning and testing, the particle that may adhere on plant leaf surface; Wind analogue means 7 mainly comprises circulating fan, it should be noted that the air inlet of circulating fan will be arranged in casing, because it is mainly the airflow circulating that strengthens box house, causes measuring error but can not introduce extraneous air.
Wherein, the outward appearance of casing 1 can be set as required, for example, can be right cylinder, cube and other polyhedrons etc., and the volume of casing 1 need be set according to plant outward appearance to be analyzed; In the present embodiment, casing 1 entirety is rectangular parallelepiped, and its length, within the scope of 1m-2m, for example, can be all 1.5m × 1.5m × 1.5m.
In order further to reduce the suction-operated of casing to PM2.5 itself, be coated with one deck to the very faint poly tetrafluoroethylene of particle adsorptive power at the inside surface of casing 1.
Further, in order to facilitate plant plant turnover casing 1, on casing 1, offer closeable plant discrepancy window 2.
Further, the junction between periphery and casing face and the face of plant discrepancy window 2 all seals by silicagel pad, avoids outside air to enter casing, and measurement result is caused to interference.
Further, on casing 1, be also provided with closeable exhausting window 3, for prevent particle in casing 1 to external world air pollute, be provided with air-purification filter device at exhausting window 3 places the gas of discharging carried out to purified treatment.
Wherein, PM2.5 generating apparatus as shown in Figure 2, mainly comprises the two parts that be arranged in parallel, and initial p M2.5 particle generates mechanism and pure air generates mechanism; Initial p M2.5 particle generates mechanism and pure air generation mechanism is communicated to casing by mixing diversion mechanism.Initial p M2.5 particle generates mechanism and comprises the aerosol generator 11, cutter for particles and the gas meter 14 that arrange in turn; Aerosol generator 11 is for generation of specific particle, and pure air generates mechanism and comprises the air generator 12 and the gas meter 14 that arrange in turn; The described diversion mechanism that mixes comprises that the gas connecting in turn mixes pipe 16, dry electrostatic equipment 17 and the two-way valve 18 of going.Initial p M2.5 particle generates the particle mixed gas of mechanism's generation and the pure air of pure air generation mechanism generation is dried and goes after two-way valve 18, to access in casing 1 after Electrostatic Treatment through mixing in mixing diversion mechanism simultaneously; By the casing of plant is housed, the variation of can online observation casing endoparticle thing counting concentration, mass concentration, particle diameter etc.
Wherein, PM2.5 measurement mechanism 8 comprises the particle collector, particle quality concentration detector and the corpuscular counter that are communicated to respectively described casing by probe.
In practical operation, for the impact on particles such as PM2.5 of the wall of eliminating environmental simulation experimental box completely, we carry out control test, prepare two living simulated experiment casees of the present invention, choose certain Plants, clean after the particle on plant leaf surface, be positioned over clean axenic cultivation indoor, make the moisture evaporation on blade dry, plant is moved in one of them environmental simulation experimental box of the present invention, in another contrast simulated experiment case, do not place plant.In order to keep test condition consistent, open rainfall simulator 4 and osculum and air generator 12 and the vent port of two simulated experiment casees simultaneously, utilize rainfall and clean air to get rid of airborne PM2.5 in the PM2.5 of leaf surface remnants and simulation test case, after some strength rainfall, turn off rainfall simulator 4, continue to pass into pure air until leaf surface is fully dry.So far two simulated experiment casees are except plant, and all the other conditions are identical.Prepare to start subsequent experimental.
The particle that simulated experiment case of the present invention can be simulated the different component of different-grain diameter scope, variable concentrations is adsorbed rear variation of measuring by plant under certain condition.First utilize particle that aerosol generator 11 produces heterogeneity (such as sulfate, nitrate etc.), utilizing cutter for particles to remove after the particle outside required particle size range (is to be less than the particle of 2.5 microns such as we need aerodynamic diameter, we just select suitable aerodynamic force cutting head to remove the particle that is greater than 2.5 microns), by being less than of producing clean air that the particle of 2.5 microns produces with air generator 12 by flowmeter adjust flux after mixing by flowmeter adjust flux, obtain the experiment particle mixed gas of variable grain substrate concentration, by the dry electrostatic equipment 17 that goes, it is dried after electrostatic prevention processing, be passed into simultaneously and the simulated experiment case of plant be housed and carry out in the simulated experiment case of not placing plant of control test by two-way valve 18, reach simulated experiment case internal gas pressure consistent with atmospheric pressure in atmosphere after, close air intake opening.Open circulating fan, make to simulate the air circulation of incubator, open particle quality concentration detector and corpuscular counter and detect the initial mass particle concentration C that has plant simulation chamber PM2.5 in two simulation test case air
1 m0and number of particles concentration C
1 n0, after several hours, detect again the mass particle concentration C of airborne PM2.5
1 m1and number of particles concentration C
1 n1, detected once every several hours, until mass particle concentration and number of particles concentration are consistent in adjacent twice testing result, record the mass particle concentration C of last PM2.5
1 mxand number of particles concentration C
1 nx, because the volume of two simulation incubators is that V is known, so PM2.5 mass particle is reduced to Δ m in simulation test case
1=(C
1 m0-C
1 mx) V, number of particles is changed to Δ n
1=(C
1 n0-C
1 nx) V.
There is no the mass particle concentration C of the PM2.5 in the contrast simulation test case of plant
2 m0and number of particles concentration C
2 n0, after several hours, detect again the mass particle concentration C of airborne PM2.5
2 m1and number of particles concentration C
2 n1detected once every several hours, till knowing that the mass particle concentration of adjacent twice detection and number of particles concentration are consistent, record the mass particle concentration C of last PM2.5
2 mxand number of particles concentration C
2 nx, because the volume of two simulation incubators is that V is known, so PM2.5 mass particle is reduced to △ m in simulation test case
2=(C
2 m0-C
2 mx) V, number of particles is changed to △ n
2=(C
2 n0-C
2 nx) V.
Therefore the quality of the PM2.5 of the absorption of the plant in incubator is
Δm=Δm
1-Δm
2=（C
1 m0-C
1 mx）V-（C
2 m0-C
2 mx）V
The population of the plant absorption in incubator is
Δn=Δn
1-Δn
2=（C
1 n0-C
1 nx）V-（C
2 n0-C
2 nx）V
Therefore by the PM2.5 measurement mechanism 8 connecting, the variation of observation casing endoparticle thing number concentration, mass concentration, particle diameter etc., therefore can very clearly calculate plant plant and adsorb the PM2.5 particle of how many quality, the PM2.5 particle of how many numbers.And can detect the adsorption effect of plant to particles such as PM1.0, PM2.5, PM10 by the configuration of aerosol generator 11.
Above embodiment is only for illustrating the present invention; and be not limitation of the present invention; the those of ordinary skill in relevant technologies field; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; can also make a variety of changes and modification, therefore all technical schemes that are equal to also belong to protection category of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. towards an environmental simulation experimental box for plant absorption PM2.5 ability quantitative test, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Sealable casing, offers closeable plant discrepancy window on described casing,
The PM2.5 generating apparatus being communicated with described casing respectively and PM2.5 measurement mechanism,
And
Be positioned at constant temperature and humidity device, lighting simulation device, rainfall simulator and the wind analogue means of described casing.
2. environmental simulation experimental box according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described box frame is aluminium alloy extrusions, and described tank floor is organic glass or other materials, and its lap is organic glass; Described interior is coated with poly tetrafluoroethylene.
3. environmental simulation experimental box according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the junction between periphery and described casing face and the face of described plant discrepancy window all seals by silicagel pad.
4. environmental simulation experimental box according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described bottom half offers some roads gutter channel, described gutter channel converge at be arranged at described bottom half can closed row water hole.
5. environmental simulation experimental box according to claim 4, is characterized in that, is provided with closeable exhausting window on described casing, and described exhausting window place is provided with air-purification filter device.
6. according to the environmental simulation experimental box described in claim 1-5 any one, it is characterized in that, described PM2.5 generating apparatus comprises that initial p M2.5 particle generates mechanism and pure air generates mechanism, and described initial p M2.5 particle generates mechanism and pure air generation mechanism is communicated to described casing by mixing diversion mechanism.
7. environmental simulation experimental box according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described initial p M2.5 particle generates mechanism and comprises the aerosol generator, cutter for particles and the gas meter that arrange in turn; Described pure air generates mechanism and comprises the air generator and the gas meter that arrange in turn.
8. environmental simulation experimental box according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described in mix diversion mechanism and comprise that in turn the gas connecting mixes pipe, is dried and removes electrostatic equipment and two-way valve.
9. according to the environmental simulation experimental box described in claim 1-5 or 7-8 any one, it is characterized in that, described PM2.5 measurement mechanism comprises the particle collector, particle quality concentration detector and the corpuscular counter that are communicated to respectively described casing.
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