CN103493643A - Special fertilizer-phosphogypsum combined application method for planting coastal saline-alkali soil rice - Google Patents
Special fertilizer-phosphogypsum combined application method for planting coastal saline-alkali soil rice Download PDFInfo
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- CN103493643A CN103493643A CN201310471858.1A CN201310471858A CN103493643A CN 103493643 A CN103493643 A CN 103493643A CN 201310471858 A CN201310471858 A CN 201310471858A CN 103493643 A CN103493643 A CN 103493643A
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- alkali soil
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Abstract
The invention relates to a special fertilizer-phosphogypsum combined application method for planting coastal saline-alkali soil rice. The method comprises the following steps: before transplanting rice, fully filling a coastal saline-alkali soil rice field with water, then splashing phosphogypsum according to the standard of 50-5000kg per mu each season, and draining the accumulated water on the surface of the field after steeping the field for one to seven days; then filling the rice field with water again, and transplanting rice seedlings after applying basic fertilizer, wherein the basic fertilizer is special fertilizer for the coastal saline-alkali soil rice and is organic-inorganic compound fertilizer with organic matters of 15%-30%; then applying after fertilizer in the period of seedling establishment and the period of heading, wherein the after fertilizer is also the special fertilizer for the coastal saline-alkali soil rice, the total use amount of the special fertilizer for the coastal saline-alkali soil rice is 50-5000kg per mu each season, and the application ratio of the basic fertilizer to twice basic fertilizer is 3.0:3.5:3.5-5.0:2.5:2.5. According to the special fertilizer-phosphogypsum combined application method, the agricultural production level and rice production benefit of the coastal saline-alkali soil can be efficiently improved, and both agricultural utilization and improvement of the coastal saline-alkali soil can be realized to accelerate the agricultural development of coastal regions and speed up the coastal development process.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the crop cultivating technology of beach saline land, especially relate to a kind of special fertilizer-ardealite for the beach saline land Rice Cropping and join applying method.
Background technology
China is a big country with 1,300,000,000 populations, and land resources is lower than world average level per capita.According to estimates, China still has the saline land of 80% left and right not yet to be developed, and huge agricultural production potential is arranged.Saline-alkali soil is a series of saline and alkaline effects that are subject to, and comprises various solonchak, alkaline earth and other general designation of salinization and alkali-affected soil in various degree.Wherein, coastal saline-alkali soil is deposited gradually and raise into land by the tide jacking after rivers silt enters sea, take sea to soak salt marsh as feature, and its matrix and underground water all contain a large amount of salinities.Because offshore position physical features is lower, the frequency that seawater floods is higher, the duration is also longer, and salt marsh mud salt content is high, therefore tide invasion and attack continent can directly make soil generation salination by flooding costal-lowland.Take light loamy soil as main to the coastal saline-alkali soil property, capillarity is strong, good water permeability, and salt content is generally in (salinity be take chloride as main) below 5%, and some areas are too high.Coastal saline-alkali soil organic low, easily harden, native land earth accumulation of salt in the surface soil speed is fast, intensity is large.In addition, coastal region underground water mineralization degree is high, generally at 5 ~ 10g L
-1, more coastal waters is higher, even up to 20 ~ 70g L
-1, and groundwater level high (dry season, buried depth was 1 ~ 2.5m, rainy season<1m), thus go out stream slowly, draining is difficult, this also causes the very easily accumulation of salt in the surface soil of soil, and salt content is affected by monsoon climate and is seasonal periodicity and changes.In view of this, how transforming and to make good use of the coastal saline-alkali soil resource, is one of important channel advanced China's agricultural sustainable development.
Paddy rice is one of most important cereal crops of China, is also one of staple crop of coastal saline-alkali soil agricultural production simultaneously.Yet, fertilization of rice is an extremely complicated problem, as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium are the large and nutritive elements that soil relatively lacks of paddy rice requirement, thereby need to be according to characteristics such as rice varieties, soil, weathers, determine suitable fertilizer variety, fertilizing amount, fertilization time and fertilizing method, make the fertilizer of using obtain optimum rate of utilization and optimum economic benefit, and then reach purpose highly efficient and productive, high-quality.The vegetative growth phase of paddy rice comprises Seedling Stage and tillering stage, is mainly the growth of trophosome root, stem, leaf, and is reproductive growth accumulation nutrient, and this stage fertilising target is to promote to tiller, form strong sprout, guarantees that unit are has enough spike numbers; And generative growth phase comprise reproductive organs formation, grow up and bloom, solid, this fertilising centered by to urge, fringe is large, grain is many, grain is satisfied in stage.Therefore, generally should basal dressing in the rice cropping process, also want spraying fertilizer.In addition, fertilizer has the soil structure of improvement, improves soil nutrient, reduces the effects such as soil salt content and pH value, be considered to change the Important Action of salt solodization, but organic materials often can't meet the demand of paddy rice to Different Nutrients simultaneously, therefore still need according to soil nutrient characteristics research and development compound organic and inorganic fertilizer.Yet China also lacks the paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer that is applicable to coastal saline-alkali soil at present, more lack the conditioning supporting technology of lifting and stable fertilizer efficiency simultaneously.In view of this, how to improve fertilizer practice, improve rice yield and improvement salt affected soil and seemed on producing and become more and more important and urgently.
Summary of the invention
the technical problem solved:the present invention is directed to the deficiency of existing fertilizer practice, provide a kind of special fertilizer-ardealite for the beach saline land Rice Cropping to join applying method.This is joined, and the applying method operating process is simple, effect of increasing production is obvious, sequencing is high, be easy to popularization, for further building coastal saline soil High-efficient Production technical system, provides scientific basis.
technical scheme:special fertilizer-ardealite for the beach saline land Rice Cropping is joined applying method, step is: before coastal saline-alkali soil Rice Cropping, use the ardealite soaked field, use coastal saline-alkali soil paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer during plantation, described coastal saline-alkali soil paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer is compound organic and inorganic fertilizer, containing organic 15%wt ~ 30%wt.
The step in described ardealite soaked field is: fill with water in the coastal saline-alkali rice field, then the standard by every mu of per season 50 ~ 5000kg is sprinkled into ardealite, after the 1 ~ 7d of soaked field, field area water is discharged, and again in rice field, fills with water.
Total amount of application of described coastal saline-alkali soil paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer is every mu of per season 50 ~ 500kg, the using minute base manure and topdress for twice of special fertilizer, topdress for twice and be arranged in rice striking root phase and heading stage, base manure and the mass ratio topdressed for twice are 3.0:3.5:3.5 ~ 5.0:2.5:2.5.
Described ardealite is containing organic 0.1% wt, P
2o
51.8% wt, K
2o 1.1% wt;
The main component of described coastal saline-alkali soil paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer is: organic 20%wt, N 10%wt, P
2o
56% wt, K
2o 4% wt, Zn 1% wt, B 0.5% wt, Fe 1.5% wt.
beneficial effect:be affixed by ardealite when coastal saline-alkali soil Rice Cropping, change and execute special fertilizer and join and execute special fertilizer and ardealite, rice yield lifting and soil property (soil pH and electrical conductivity) improved effect are as shown in table 1.
Annotate: contrast fertilizer is the local farmers conventional fertilizer application, and (N 11%, P for every mu of 12.5kg phosphorus-ammonium compound fertilizer of base manure
20
544%) and 10kg urea (N 46%), the every mu of 7.5kg urea that topdresses/time, topdress altogether 2 times; Special fertilizer is according to the compound organic and inorganic fertilizer of coastal saline-alkali soil nature shape preparation, by the standard of every mu of 100kg, uses, except base manure, topdress 2 times (period of seedling establishment and heading stage), and the pro rate of pressing 4:3:3; Ardealite is used by the standard of every mu of 500kg.
As can be seen from the results, with contrasting fertilizer, compare, be affixed by ardealite or change and execute special fertilizer and process soil pH and significantly reduce by 0.2 ~ 0.6, wherein join and execute ardealite and process soil conductivity and also improve more than 2 times, but these two processing all have no significant effect rice yield; Execute ardealite and process soil pH and also significantly reduce by 0.6 left and right and change to execute special fertilizer and join, but significant change does not occur soil conductivity, rice yield significantly improves and reaches 25%.Special fertilizer and ardealite are joined and are executed level of agricultural production and the Rice Production benefit that can improve by a relatively large margin beach saline land, realize that the agricultural use of coastal saline-alkali soil and improvement develop simultaneously, and promote the coastal area agricultural development, accelerate the coastal development process.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
A kind of special fertilizer-ardealite for the beach saline land Rice Cropping is joined applying method, by the basic procedure of executing ardealite soaked field, basal dressing (coastal saline-alkali soil paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer), transplanting rice, rice striking root phase and spraying fertilizer at heading stage (coastal saline-alkali soil paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer) before rice transplanting, is undertaken.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of special fertilizer-ardealite for the beach saline land Rice Cropping is joined applying method, by before rice transplanting, execute ardealite soaked field, basal dressing, transplanting rice, rice striking root phase and heading stage spraying fertilizer basic procedure carry out.The ardealite that the present embodiment adopts is containing organic 0.1% wt, P
2o
51.8% wt, K
2o 1.1% wt, use by the standard of every mu of 500kg.First in the coastal saline-alkali rice field, fills with water before rice transplanting, execute 2dHou Jiang field, ardealite soaked field area water and discharge, and again in rice field, fill with water, then apply base manure, transplanting rice, daily management and use and topdress.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of special fertilizer-ardealite for the beach saline land Rice Cropping is joined applying method, by the flow process of executing ardealite soaked field, basal dressing (coastal saline-alkali soil paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer), transplanting rice, rice striking root phase and spraying fertilizer at heading stage (coastal saline-alkali soil paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer) before rice transplanting, is undertaken.The paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer that the present embodiment adopts is rich in organic matter and the required mineral element of various plants, wherein organic>20% wt, N 10% wt, P
2o
56% wt, K
2o 4% wt, Zn 1% wt, B 0.5% wt, Fe 1.5% wt; Standard by every mu of 100kg is used, base manure with topdress by the pro rate of 4:3:3.
Embodiment 4:
A kind of special fertilizer-ardealite for the beach saline land Rice Cropping is joined applying method, by the flow process of executing ardealite soaked field, basal dressing (coastal saline-alkali soil paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer), transplanting rice, rice striking root phase and spraying fertilizer at heading stage (coastal saline-alkali soil paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer) before rice transplanting, is undertaken.The ardealite that the present embodiment adopts is containing organic 0.1% wt, P
2o
51.8% wt, K
2o 1.1% wt, use by the standard of every mu of 500kg.First in the coastal saline-alkali rice field, fill with water before rice transplanting, execute 2dHou Jiang field, ardealite soaked field area water and discharge, and again in rice field, fill with water, then apply base manure, transplanting rice.The paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer that the present embodiment adopts is rich in organic matter and the required mineral element of various plants, wherein contains organic 20%wt, N 10% wt, P
2o
56% wt, K
2o 4% wt, Zn 1% wt, B 0.5% wt, Fe 1.5% wt; Standard by every mu of 100kg is used, and base manure and the amount of topdressing for twice are distributed by the mass ratio of 4:3:3, daily management.
The present embodiment carries out on Dongtai City, Jiangsu Province beach saline land, and as follows for the Essential Chemistry proterties of examination soil: pH 8.5, electrical conductivity 610 μ s cm
-1, organic matter 0.4%, full N 0.04%, full P 0.15%, full K 3.0%.The paddy rice of plantation is local spread kind, and during results, soil pH on average descends 0.6, increasing production of rice 25%.
above-mentioned example is only explanation technical conceive of the present invention and characteristics, and its purpose is to allow the person skilled in the art can understand content of the present invention and implement according to this, can not limit the scope of the invention with this.All equivalent transformations that Spirit Essence is done according to the present invention or modification, within all should being encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. join applying method for the special fertilizer-ardealite of beach saline land Rice Cropping, it is characterized in that step is: before coastal saline-alkali soil Rice Cropping, use the ardealite soaked field, use coastal saline-alkali soil paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer during plantation, described coastal saline-alkali soil paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer is compound organic and inorganic fertilizer, containing organic 15%wt ~ 30%wt.
2. join applying method for the special fertilizer-ardealite of beach saline land Rice Cropping according to claim 1, the step that it is characterized in that described ardealite soaked field is: in the coastal saline-alkali rice field, fill with water, then the standard by every mu of per season 50 ~ 5000kg is sprinkled into ardealite, after the 1 ~ 7d of soaked field, field area water is discharged.
3. join applying method according to the described special fertilizer-ardealite for the beach saline land Rice Cropping of claim 1 or 2, the total amount of application that it is characterized in that described coastal saline-alkali soil paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer is every mu of per season 50 ~ 500kg, the using minute base manure and topdress for twice of special fertilizer, topdress for twice and be arranged in rice striking root phase and heading stage, base manure and the mass ratio topdressed for twice are 3.0:3.5:3.5 ~ 5.0:2.5:2.5.
4. join applying method according to the described special fertilizer-ardealite for the beach saline land Rice Cropping of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that described ardealite is containing organic 0.1% wt, P
2o
51.8% wt, K
2o 1.1% wt.
5. join applying method according to the described special fertilizer-ardealite for the beach saline land Rice Cropping of claim 1 or 3, it is characterized in that the main component of described coastal saline-alkali soil paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer is: organic 20%wt, N 10%wt, P
2o
56% wt, K
2o 4% wt, Zn 1% wt, B 0.5% wt, Fe 1.5% wt.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108586088A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-09-28 | 广西桂小粮农业集团有限公司 | A kind of Rice Cropping special fertilizer |
| CN113475183A (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2021-10-08 | 湖南农业大学 | Coastal saline-alkali soil comprehensive improvement method based on hybrid indica rice planting |
Citations (2)
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| CN101066901A (en) * | 2007-04-03 | 2007-11-07 | 张国忠 | Soline alkali resisting rice fertilizer |
| CN102977891A (en) * | 2012-12-07 | 2013-03-20 | 甘肃瓮福化工有限责任公司 | Soil conditioner produced from ardealite as well as producing method and using method of soil conditioner |
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2013
- 2013-10-11 CN CN201310471858.1A patent/CN103493643A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101066901A (en) * | 2007-04-03 | 2007-11-07 | 张国忠 | Soline alkali resisting rice fertilizer |
| CN102977891A (en) * | 2012-12-07 | 2013-03-20 | 甘肃瓮福化工有限责任公司 | Soil conditioner produced from ardealite as well as producing method and using method of soil conditioner |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 严海霞等: "宁夏银北地区盐碱地改良与水稻种植技术探讨", 《湖北农业科学》, vol. 49, no. 11, 30 November 2010 (2010-11-30) * |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108586088A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-09-28 | 广西桂小粮农业集团有限公司 | A kind of Rice Cropping special fertilizer |
| CN113475183A (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2021-10-08 | 湖南农业大学 | Coastal saline-alkali soil comprehensive improvement method based on hybrid indica rice planting |
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Application publication date: 20140108 |