CN103489741A - Helix traveling wave tube dynamic phase velocity gradually-changed thread pitch distribution structure and design method - Google Patents
Helix traveling wave tube dynamic phase velocity gradually-changed thread pitch distribution structure and design method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a helix traveling wave tube dynamic phase velocity gradually-changed thread pitch distribution structure and a design method. A helix is divided into an input helix body and an output helix body, the input helix body is separated from the output helix body through a cutting-off device, and concentrated attenuators are arranged on the two sides of the cutting-off device and used for restraining reflection of electromagnetic waves. The output helix body is divided into three sections, a thread pitch groove is additionally formed in front of the gradually-changed thread pitch section z3 of the output helix body, the thread pitch groove is mainly determined through three structure parameters including the groove depth h, the groove width L and the distance d between the groove and the gradually-changed thread pitch section z3, and the dynamic phase velocity gradually-changed thread pitch distribution structure with the groove is formed. According to the helix traveling wave tube dynamic phase velocity gradually-changed thread pitch distribution structure and the design method, the electronic efficiency of a helix traveling wave tube is improved through the dynamic phase velocity gradually-changed structure, and meanwhile the aim of restraining high harmonic components of output signals is achieved through the groove.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the helix TWT technical field, relate to a kind of helix TWT dynamic phase velocity gradient pitch distributed architecture and method for designing, specifically, relate to a kind of dynamic phase velocity gradient pitch distributed architecture of the helix TWT with groove and method for designing.
Background technology
In satellite communication, in the space applications such as transfer of data, usually adopt helix TWT to realize the amplification of radiofrequency signal.Helix TWT is interacted by electromagnetic field and the electron beam of input radio frequency signal formation, and the kinetic energy of electron beam is converted to electromagnetic energy, thereby realizes the amplification of radiofrequency signal.Compare the travelling wave tube that adopts other high-frequency structures, helix TWT has broadband, the characteristics such as high-power, thereby is used widely in the space application.
In the application of space, mainly rely on solar energy, fuel cell etc. that energy is provided, the energy that can supply with is very limited.In this case, the electronic efficiency that these energy is changed into to the helix TWT of electromagnetic energy has very important significance.Under specific power output, high electronic efficiency means low direct current energy consumption.Therefore, electronic efficiency is higher, and the travelling wave tube quantity that finite energy can drive is more, thereby more signal transmission passage can be provided.
Around the raising of helix TWT electronic efficiency, Chinese scholars has been carried out a large amount of research work, has proposed some and has improved the suggestion of helix TWT electronic efficiency.Wherein, the electronic efficiency that adopts dynamic phase velocity grading structure [1] to improve helix TWT is a kind of effective scheme.So-called dynamic phase velocity grading structure (seeing Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) is that the pitch distribution by changing throwout spiral diminishes it according to certain rules gradually, thereby make the phase velocity of the electromagnetic signal of propagating along helix diminish gradually, the electron beam underspeeded with degradedness is synchronizeed again, finally reaches the purpose that improves electronic efficiency.But, adopt dynamic phase velocity grading structure when obtaining higher electronic efficiency, can cause the higher harmonic components of output signal to increase.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome defect of the prior art, when improving the helix TWT electronic efficiency, effectively suppress the second harmonic component of output signal, thereby improve the linear characteristic of travelling wave tube.The present invention, on the basis of the dynamic phase velocity grading structure of routine, has proposed a kind of helix TWT dynamic phase velocity gradient pitch distributed architecture and method for designing.
Its technical scheme is as follows:
The dynamic phase velocity gradient pitch of a kind of helix TWT distributed architecture, helix is divided into lead-in spiral and throwout spiral, between lead-in spiral and throwout spiral, with cutting off, separate, cutting off both sides is that concentrated attenuator is used for suppressing reflection of electromagnetic wave, and wherein lead-in spiral length is that z1 pitch is p0; Throwout spiral is divided into three sections: the even spiral section of first paragraph, gradual change helical segment and the even spiral section of second segment, and the even pitch section length of first paragraph is that z2 pitch is p1; The gradient pitch segment length is z3, and its pitch value is from the even gradual change of p1 to p2; The even spiral section length of second segment is that z4 pitch is p2;
Add one section pitch groove before the gradient pitch section z3 of throwout spiral, the pitch groove mainly, by the determining apart from tri-structural parameters of d of depth of groove h, recess width L and groove distance gradient pitch section, forms the dynamic phase velocity gradient pitch distributed architecture with groove.
Further preferably, lead-in spiral length z1=60mm, pitch p0=0.682mm, be cut to 3mm between lead-in spiral and throwout spiral, and add respectively on the cut-out both sides concentrated attenuator that length is 15mm; The even spiral section length of first paragraph z2 is 52mm, and its pitch p1 is 0.722mm; Gradual change helical segment length z3 is 6mm, and its pitch is from the even gradual change of p1=0.722mm to p2=0.662mm; The even spiral section length of second segment z4 is 21mm, its pitch p2=0.662mm.
The method for designing of the dynamic phase velocity gradient pitch of a kind of helix TWT distributed architecture comprises the following steps:
(1) determine pitch depth of groove h
The relative phase angle, field of first-harmonic and high order harmonic component can increase with the increase of pitch depth of groove, selects depth of groove h to make nearly 0 degree of field relative phase corner connection of first-harmonic, and the relative phase angle, field of second harmonic is greater than 90 degree;
Get even pitch section pitch p1 10% as depth of groove; In the pitch recess region, the relative phase angle, field of first-harmonic increases to from-60 degree between 0 degree of-20 degree, and the relative phase angle, field of second harmonic increases between 90 degree and 100 degree;
(2) determine pitch recess width L
To this X-band helix TWT, the 10%-12% that pitch depth of groove h is even pitch, pitch recess width L is 4-6mm;
(3) determine the pitch groove apart from the pitch transition apart from d
To this X-band helix TWT, the pitch groove is 2-3mm apart from the pitch transition apart from d.
Further preferably, the pitch depth of groove is 11.40% of even section pitch, and the pitch recess width is 5mm, and the pitch groove is 2mm apart from the distance of pitch transition.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The dynamic phase velocity gradient pitch of the helix TWT with the groove distributed architecture that utilizes the present invention to propose can effectively suppress the higher harmonic components of output signal when improving the helix TWT electronic efficiency, improves the performance of helix TWT.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the conventional dynamic phase velocity gradient pitch of helix TWT distribution schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 adopts the conventional dynamically helix TWT schematic diagram of phase velocity gradient pitch distributed architecture.
Fig. 3 is the dynamic phase velocity gradient pitch of the band groove helix TWT distribution schematic diagram that the present invention proposes.
Fig. 4 is the helix TWT schematic diagram that adopts the dynamic phase velocity gradient pitch distributed architecture with groove of the present invention's proposition.
Fig. 5 adopts the first-harmonic of conventional dynamically certain X-band helix TWT of phase velocity gradient pitch distributed architecture and relative phase angle, the field distribution map of second harmonic.
Fig. 6 adopts the conventional dynamically axial power distribution map of certain X-band helix TWT of phase velocity gradient pitch distributed architecture.
Fig. 7 is the first-harmonic of certain X-band helix TWT of the dynamic phase velocity gradient pitch distributed architecture with groove that adopts the present invention to propose and relative phase angle, the field distribution map of second harmonic, and power corresponding to axial distance low order end 142mm place is power output.
Fig. 8 is the axial power distribution map of certain X-band helix TWT of the dynamic phase velocity gradient pitch distributed architecture with groove that adopts the present invention to propose.
Fig. 9 adopts conventional dynamically phase velocity gradient pitch distributed architecture and the helix TWT first-harmonic power output, the electronic efficiency comparison diagram that adopt the dynamic phase velocity gradient pitch distributed architecture with groove of the present invention.
Figure 10 adopts conventional dynamically phase velocity gradient pitch distributed architecture and the helix TWT second harmonic power output comparison diagram that adopts the dynamic phase velocity gradient pitch distributed architecture with groove of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, technical scheme of the present invention is described in more detail.
With reference to Fig. 1-Fig. 2, the dynamic phase velocity gradient pitch of a kind of helix TWT distributed architecture, whole helix is divided into lead-in spiral and throwout spiral, between with cut off separating (, cutting off both sides is that concentrated attenuator is used for suppressing reflection of electromagnetic wave, and wherein lead-in spiral length is that z1 pitch is p0; Throwout spiral is divided into three sections: the even spiral section of first paragraph, gradual change helical segment, the even spiral section of second segment.The even pitch section length of first paragraph is that z2 pitch is p1; The gradient pitch segment length is z3, and its pitch value is from the even gradual change of p1 to p2; The even spiral section length of second segment is that z4 pitch is p2.Further preferably, lead-in spiral length z1=60mm, pitch p0=0.682mm, be cut to 3mm between lead-in spiral and throwout spiral, and add respectively on the cut-out both sides concentrated attenuator that length is 15mm; The even spiral section length of first paragraph z2 is 52mm, and its pitch p1 is 0.722mm; Gradual change helical segment length z3 is 6mm, and its pitch is from the even gradual change of p1=0.722mm to p2=0.662mm; The even spiral section length of second segment z4 is 21mm, its pitch p2=0.662mm.
After completing in design the helix TWT that adopts conventional dynamically phase velocity gradient pitch distributed architecture, add one section pitch groove (seeing Fig. 3 and Fig. 4) before the gradient pitch section of throwout spiral.The pitch groove mainly determines (seeing Fig. 3) by depth of groove h, recess width L and groove distance gradient pitch section apart from tri-structural parameters of d.
Here, mainly utilize relative phase angle, the field concept of first-harmonic and second harmonic to carry out the design of pitch groove.Field relative phase angle Φ is defined as a F and unit distance field increment
between phase difference, that is:
In formula (1), a relative phase angle Φ has characterized the synchronous regime of field with beam coupling, has reflected the increase and decrease of an amplitude.When Φ is approximately equal to zero, an increase is the fastest; When
or
the time, an amplitude reduces; When
the time, an amplitude is exaggerated;
the saturation point of corresponding fields amplitude.
The method for designing of the dynamic phase velocity gradient pitch of helix TWT of the present invention distributed architecture comprises the following steps:
(1) determine pitch depth of groove h
The relative phase angle, field of first-harmonic and high order harmonic component (being mainly second harmonic) can increase with the increase of pitch depth of groove, selects depth of groove h to make nearly 0 degree of field relative phase corner connection of first-harmonic, and the relative phase angle, field of second harmonic is greater than 90 degree.According to the relation between the increase and decrease of relative phase angle, field and an amplitude, know, now, field of first harmonic increases the fastest, and harmonic fields reduce, thereby realizes improving fundamental power, suppresses the purpose of harmonic power;
Get even pitch section pitch p1 10% as depth of groove; In the pitch recess region, the relative phase angle, field of first-harmonic increases between 0 degree of-20 degree from-60 degree, and field of first harmonic increases to be accelerated, and power output increases; The relative phase angle, field of second harmonic increases between 90 degree and 100 degree, and the second harmonic field is greatly suppressed;
(2) determine pitch recess width L
Similar with depth of groove, the relative phase angle, field of first-harmonic and second harmonic also can increase with the increase of pitch recess width L.Therefore, need balance pitch depth of groove h and pitch recess width L, make nearly 0 degree of field relative phase corner connection (seeing the curve 5 in curve 1 in Fig. 5 and Fig. 7) of first-harmonic in the pitch recess region, and the relative phase angle, field of second harmonic is greater than 90 degree.
To this X-band helix TWT, select the 10%-12% that h is even pitch, L can meet preferably and want at 4-6mm;
(3) determine the pitch groove apart from the pitch transition apart from d
The pitch groove has reflected the position of pitch groove in whole notes ripple mutual effect structure apart from the pitch transition apart from d.Although second harmonic field amplitude has obtained effective inhibition in the pitch groove, the notes ripple mutual effect process in pitch groove back still can encourage its high order harmonic component.In order to realize obtaining at notes ripple mutual effect end position the purpose of minimum harmonic power, the position of choose reasonable pitch groove is even more important.
Generally, need to repeatedly adjust the pitch groove apart from the pitch transition apart from d, make exit harmonic power minimum.To this X-band helix TWT, select d can meet the demands preferably between 2-3mm.
The pitch depth of groove is 11.40% of even section pitch, and the pitch recess width is 5mm, and the pitch groove is 2mm apart from the distance of pitch transition.
Adopting helix TWT in microwave tube simulation suit MTSS to annotate ripple Interaction Simulation device BWIS calculates the X-band helix TWT that adopts conventional dynamically phase velocity gradient pitch distributed architecture and adopts with the correlated performance of the X-band helix TWT of the dynamic phase velocity gradient pitch of groove distributed architecture as shown in Figures 5 to 9.Helix TWT in microwave tube simulation suit MTSS is annotated ripple Interaction Simulation device BWIS and is widely used at present the professional numerical software that all kinds of travelling wave tube (being mainly helix TWT) are annotated ripple mutual effect process simulation in Microwaves In China pipe field.
Fig. 5 is for adopting the dynamically relative phase angle, field of the X-band helix TWT of phase velocity gradient pitch distributed architecture of routine.Relative phase angle, the field distribution curve vertically that curve 1 is first-harmonic, relative phase angle, field corresponding to axial location 110mm place is-61 degree; Relative phase angle, the field distribution curve vertically that curve 2 is second harmonic, relative phase angle, field corresponding to axial location 110mm place is 12 degree.
Fig. 6 is for adopting the conventional dynamically power of the X-band helix TWT of phase velocity gradient pitch distributed architecture.Curve 3 is fundamental power distribution curve vertically, and first-harmonic power output corresponding to axial location 142mm place is 145W; Curve 4 is second-harmonic power distribution curve vertically, and second harmonic power output corresponding to axial location 142mm place is 27W.
Fig. 7 is the relative phase angle, field of the X-band helix TWT of the dynamic phase velocity gradient pitch distributed architecture with groove of employing the present invention proposition.Relative phase angle, the field distribution curve vertically that curve 5 is first-harmonic, the relative phase angle, field that axial location 110mm is corresponding is about-15 degree; Relative phase angle, the field distribution curve vertically that curve 6 is second harmonic, relative phase angle, field corresponding to axial location 110mm place is about 100 degree.
Fig. 8 is the power of the X-band helix TWT of the dynamic phase velocity gradient pitch distributed architecture with groove of employing the present invention proposition.Curve 7 is fundamental power distribution curve vertically, the secondary first-harmonic power output 166W that axial location 142mm place is corresponding; Curve 8 is second-harmonic power distribution curve vertically, and second harmonic power output corresponding to axial location 142mm place is 1.2W.
By comparative analysis, find, dynamic phase velocity gradient pitch distributed architecture by employing with groove,-15 degree are brought up to from-61 degree in the field of first harmonic relative phase angle at 110mm place, 100 degree are brought up to from 12 degree in the relative phase angle, field of second harmonic, meet field of first harmonic and increase the field relative phase angular region suppressed with harmonic fields.Can find simultaneously, the dynamic phase velocity gradient pitch distributed architecture by employing with groove, the first-harmonic power output of helix TWT is promoted to 166W from 145W, and the second harmonic power output is reduced to 1.2W from 27W.
Fig. 9 is X-band helix TWT fundamental power and the first-harmonic electronic efficiency the 10GHz of 9.5GHz frequency range in of the conventional dynamically phase velocity gradient pitch distributed architecture of employing with the dynamic phase velocity gradient pitch distributed architecture with groove that adopts the present invention's proposition.Wherein, the first-harmonic power output that curve 9 is the conventional dynamically phase velocity gradient pitch distributed architecture helix TWT of employing is with the distribution curve of frequency, and the first-harmonic power output that curve 10 is the X-band helix TWT of the dynamic phase velocity gradient pitch distributed architecture with groove of employing the present invention proposition is with the distribution curve of frequency.By relatively finding, by the dynamic phase velocity gradient pitch distributed architecture with groove that adopts the present invention to propose, the first-harmonic power output of helix TWT at least promotes 12W in the frequency range of the 10GHz of 9.5GHz.Curve 11 is the distribution curve of the employing routine electronic efficiency that dynamically the X-band helix TWT first-harmonic of phase velocity gradient pitch distributed architecture is exported with frequency, and the electronic efficiency that curve 12 is the X-band helix TWT first-harmonic output of the dynamic phase velocity gradient pitch distributed architecture with groove of employing the present invention proposition is with the distribution curve of frequency.By relatively finding, by the dynamic phase velocity gradient pitch distributed architecture with groove that adopts the present invention to propose, helix TWT at least promotes 2% at the first-harmonic electronic efficiency of the 10GHz of 9.5GHz frequency range.
Figure 10 is the X-band helix TWT second harmonic power output the 10GHz of 9.5GHz frequency range in of the conventional dynamically phase velocity gradient pitch distributed architecture of employing with the dynamic phase velocity gradient pitch distributed architecture with groove that adopts the present invention's proposition.Wherein, the second harmonic power output that curve 13 is the conventional dynamically X-band helix TWT of phase velocity gradient pitch distributed architecture of employing is with the distribution curve of frequency, and the second harmonic power output that curve 14 is the X-band helix TWT of the dynamic phase velocity gradient pitch distributed architecture with groove of employing the present invention proposition is with the distribution curve of frequency.By relatively finding, by the dynamic phase velocity gradient pitch distributed architecture with groove that adopts the present invention to propose, the second harmonic in the 10GHz of 9.5GHz frequency range has all obtained obvious inhibition.
The above; it is only preferably embodiment of the present invention; protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this; anyly be familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses, the simple change of the technical scheme that can obtain apparently or equivalence are replaced and are all fallen within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the dynamic phase velocity gradient pitch of a helix TWT distributed architecture, it is characterized in that, helix is divided into lead-in spiral and throwout spiral, between lead-in spiral and throwout spiral, with cutting off, separate, cutting off both sides is that concentrated attenuator is used for suppressing reflection of electromagnetic wave, and wherein lead-in spiral length is that z1 pitch is p0; Throwout spiral is divided into three sections: the even spiral section of first paragraph, gradual change helical segment and the even spiral section of second segment, and the even pitch section length of first paragraph is that z2 pitch is p1; The gradient pitch segment length is z3, and its pitch value is from the even gradual change of p1 to p2; The even spiral section length of second segment is that z4 pitch is p2;
Add one section pitch groove before the gradient pitch section z3 of throwout spiral, the pitch groove mainly, by the determining apart from tri-structural parameters of d of depth of groove h, recess width L and groove distance gradient pitch section, forms the dynamic phase velocity gradient pitch distributed architecture with groove.
2. the dynamic phase velocity gradient pitch of helix TWT according to claim 1 distributed architecture, it is characterized in that, lead-in spiral length z1=60mm, pitch p0=0.682mm, be cut to 3mm between lead-in spiral and throwout spiral, and add respectively on the cut-out both sides concentrated attenuator that length is 15mm; The even spiral section length of first paragraph z2 is 52mm, and its pitch p1 is 0.722mm; Gradual change helical segment length z3 is 6mm, and its pitch is from the even gradual change of p1=0.722mm to p2=0.662mm; The even spiral section length of second segment z4 is 21mm, its pitch p2=0.662mm.
3. the method for designing of the dynamic phase velocity gradient pitch of a helix TWT claimed in claim 1 distributed architecture, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) determine pitch depth of groove h
The relative phase angle, field of first-harmonic and high order harmonic component can increase with the increase of pitch depth of groove, selects depth of groove h to make nearly 0 degree of field relative phase corner connection of first-harmonic, and the relative phase angle, field of second harmonic is greater than 90 degree;
Get even pitch section pitch p1 10% as depth of groove; In the pitch recess region, the relative phase angle, field of first-harmonic increases to from-60 degree between 0 degree of-20 degree, and the relative phase angle, field of second harmonic increases between 90 degree and 100 degree;
(2) determine pitch recess width L
To this X-band helix TWT, the 10%-12% that pitch depth of groove h is even pitch, pitch recess width L is 4-6mm;
(3) determine the pitch groove apart from the pitch transition apart from d
To this X-band helix TWT, the pitch groove is 2-3mm apart from the pitch transition apart from d.
4. the method for designing of the dynamic phase velocity gradient pitch of helix TWT according to claim 3 distributed architecture, it is characterized in that, the pitch depth of groove is 11.40% of even section pitch, and the pitch recess width is 5mm, and the pitch groove is 2mm apart from the distance of pitch transition.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN103942389A (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2014-07-23 | 电子科技大学 | Optimization method of traveling-wave tube beam wave interaction distribution structure |
| CN105304438A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-02-03 | 电子科技大学 | Secondary harmonic inhibition method for broadband helix travelling wave tube |
| CN107093539A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-08-25 | 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 | A kind of Terahertz phase velocity gradual change folded waveguide oscillator |
| CN109686635A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-04-26 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of helix and its design method of space travelling wave tube |
| CN111063593A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-04-24 | 南京三乐集团有限公司 | X-waveband 900W pulse space traveling wave tube |
| CN113690118A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-11-23 | 电子科技大学 | Novel helix slow wave structure with variable pitch and variable inner diameter |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103942389A (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2014-07-23 | 电子科技大学 | Optimization method of traveling-wave tube beam wave interaction distribution structure |
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| CN107093539A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-08-25 | 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 | A kind of Terahertz phase velocity gradual change folded waveguide oscillator |
| CN109686635A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-04-26 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of helix and its design method of space travelling wave tube |
| CN109686635B (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2020-12-29 | 电子科技大学 | Spiral line of space traveling wave tube and design method thereof |
| CN111063593A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-04-24 | 南京三乐集团有限公司 | X-waveband 900W pulse space traveling wave tube |
| CN111063593B (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2022-10-14 | 南京三乐集团有限公司 | X-waveband 900W pulse space traveling wave tube |
| CN113690118A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-11-23 | 电子科技大学 | Novel helix slow wave structure with variable pitch and variable inner diameter |
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