CN105304438A - Secondary harmonic inhibition method for broadband helix travelling wave tube - Google Patents
Secondary harmonic inhibition method for broadband helix travelling wave tube Download PDFInfo
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- CN105304438A CN105304438A CN201510816232.9A CN201510816232A CN105304438A CN 105304438 A CN105304438 A CN 105304438A CN 201510816232 A CN201510816232 A CN 201510816232A CN 105304438 A CN105304438 A CN 105304438A
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Abstract
The invention discloses and especially relates to a secondary harmonic inhibition method for a broadband helix travelling wave tube, and belongs to the technical field of broadband helix travelling wave tubes. Within a certain range, a travelling wave tube harmonic inhibition situation becomes greater if a distance between a fin to a center is reduced, however, the reduced distance will make the fin closer to a helix and might cause engineering machining troubles and many other potential troubles. Therefore, two different fin structures are adopted by an input segment and an output segment respectively, and the distance from a fin on the input segment to the center is made to be greater. Through the even and symmetric fin structure, a better harmonic inhibition effect is exhibited, and other factors in terms of the design of a travelling wave tube can be better weighed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to broadband helical line travelling wave tube technical field, relate to a kind of second harmonic suppressing method of broadband helical line travelling wave tube.
Background technology
Other microwave tubes compared by travelling wave tube, have broadband, high-power, noise is low and the advantage such as high efficiency, be widely used in communication, radar especially electronic countermeasures.In recent years, ECM (Electronic Countermeasures) more and more obtains the great attention of every country, and this also has higher requirement to travelling wave tube: more broadband, more high power and larger efficiency.Helix TWT, owing to having more smooth dispersion characteristics, is widely used in broad-band TWT technical field.
Helix TWT is roughly made up of five parts: electron gun, slow wave system, focusing system, input-output system and collector.Slow wave system is mainly used in the electromagnetic wave that slows down, make its with electron beam synchronous positive energy exchange, thus amplifying signal.High-frequency structure in slow wave system forms primarily of helix, supporting rod, fin, shell and concentrated attenuator.Any one in the many structures of travelling wave tube changes, and all can affect the performance that it exports.In scientific research so under numerous controllable factor, scholars often take the method for one " balance ", can not attend to one thing and lose sight of another, and obtain best optimizing structure again.Such as in the optimal design of travelling wave tube, usually can see " saltus step " the even method of " gradual change ".
The develop rapidly of modern communications and Electronic Warfare Technology, inevitable requirement travelling wave tube has better performance.Such as: people always wish that designing a microwave tube can contain frequency band large as far as possible, such pipe just can deal with more application scenarios, but in different application scenarioss, often only need use some very little frequency bands, at this moment other frequency will be a kind of interference, particularly second harmonic.Helix TWT can meet more wide band requirement, and the lifting of its performance will be subject to the serious restriction of second harmonic.When needing the output of a certain first-harmonic, its second harmonic of inevitable requirement is the smaller the better.Generally there is not this problem in arrowband travelling wave tube, and broad-band TWT needs to treat emphatically, because second harmonic frequency is usually just in broadband.Such as: the broad-band TWT of a design 2-8GHz, 2,3, the second harmonic of 4GHz just in frequency band, must the output of its second harmonic be dropped to minimum.Conventional second harmonic suppression technology has harmonic injection technology, pitch jump technique etc., and often kind of technology is not all-round certainly, adopts most suitable method, reach optimization and be only best design in balance for concrete travelling wave tube.Although harmonic injection technology can suppress second harmonic to a certain extent, there is sizable difficulty and wayward in operation; Second harmonic during traditional pitch jump technique harmonic inhabitation exports also generally bigger than normal, and effect is not very desirable.
Summary of the invention
In order to suppress second harmonic better in the optimal design of broad-band TWT, thus promote the performance of travelling wave tube, the present invention proposes the method for the sudden change of a kind of tab construction and pitch positive transition on conventional helices travelling wave tube basis.
Technical scheme is a kind of broadband helical line travelling wave tube second harmonic suppressing method, and in the method, helix TWT comprises: electron gun, slow wave system, focusing system, helix transmission cavity, collector; Helix wherein in helix transmission cavity is fixed on the wall of chamber by supporting rod, described helix cuts off and is divided into input section and deferent segment, be provided with concentrated attenuator between input section and deferent segment, in input section, the pitch of helix is less than the pitch of helix in deferent segment; The inwall of input section and deferent segment place cavity is axially provided with many ridge projections, and this ridge projections is fin, and fin is symmetrical with the axial centre of helix transmission cavity; In input section, fin height is identical, and in deferent segment, fin height is identical; It is characterized in that in input section, fin height is less than fin height in deferent segment, by height and the width of synergic adjustment supporting rod, input the height of fin in section and deferent segment, input the pitch of helix in section and deferent segment, suppress the second harmonic of broadband helical line travelling wave tube.
Fin in described helix output cavity, its cross sectional shape is fan-shaped.
The present invention still have followed one " balance " thought in travelling wave tube research and design, accomplishes not attend to one thing and lose sight of another as far as possible, makes power output and harmonics restraint all reach a reasonable effect.Before and after adopting, different pitch and fin are to centre distance, obtain respond well harmonics restraint, thus promote the homogeneous tube performance of broadband helical line travelling wave tube.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the broadband helical line travelling wave tube schematic diagram of uniform tab and pitch
Fig. 2 is the broadband helical line travelling wave tube schematic diagram of uniform tab pitch positive transition
Fig. 3 is broadband helical line travelling wave tube high-frequency structure cross-sectional view (fin is to centre distance Rs=1.26mm)
Fig. 4 is broadband helical line travelling wave tube high-frequency structure cross-sectional view (fin is to centre distance Rs=1.24mm)
Fig. 5 is the comparison diagram of tab construction sudden change pitch positive transition method for designing and uniform tab pitch
Fig. 6 is that 2GHz, 3GHz, 4GHz second harmonic of 2-8GHz broadband helical line travelling wave tube uniform tab and pitch positive transition suppresses power output figure
Fig. 7 is that 2GHz, 3GHz, 4GHz second harmonic of 2-8GHz broadband helical line travelling wave tube tab construction sudden change pitch positive transition suppresses power output figure
Fig. 8 is the comparison diagram of the sudden change of 2-8GHz broadband helical line travelling wave tube tab construction and nonmutationed 2GHz, 3GHz, 4GHz second harmonic rejection ratio
Embodiment
Design below in conjunction with 2-8GHz broadband helical line travelling wave tube is described in further detail technical scheme of the present invention.
The method for designing of the sudden change of helix TWT tab construction and pitch positive transition comprises the following steps:
(1) high-frequency structure of broadband helical line travelling wave tube is determined
This programme analyzes tab construction sudden change to the impact of second harmonic suppression in conjunction with 2-8GHz broadband helical line travelling wave tube.Operating voltage is set to 4000V, and power output is 250W, and saturation gain is 40dB, and gross efficiency is 30%.Roughly can determine that helix internal diameter is about 1mm by Top-Down Design, optimal synchronisation phase velocity is 0.106 to 0.108, and then can calculate pitch is 0.7mm.Under the reference of the physical parameter released in these theoretical formulas, regulate supporting rod width and highly carry out the dispersion characteristics optimizing high-frequency structure further.
(2) different pitch and the fin distance to center is determined in scanning
In general, fin affects very large to the distance at center on the abnormality of dispersion and flatness, the closer to center, and dispersion more unusual (dispersion curve more tilts), but synchronous phase velocity is less; Regulate pitch, will the synchronous phase velocity of appreciable impact, pitch increases, and synchronous phase velocity increases.Weigh between harmonics restraint and optimal synchronisation phase velocity, select some suitable pitch and the fin distance to center.In order to harmonic inhabitation better, when determining that fin arrives centre distance, ensure that the dispersion slope (maximum synchronous phase velocity deducts smallest synchronization phase velocity) obtained is about 0.1 as far as possible.In certain limit, dispersion is more unusual, second harmonic inhibition is better, also fin can be made nearer to helix simultaneously, the difficulty in processing not only can be caused also to cause various potential harmful effect, so we can not carry out to reduce simply the distance of fin to center to suppress second harmonic again, adopt two sections of different distance can reach reasonable effect on the contrary.
(3) cut-out and decay is added
Add to cut off and decay and suppress electromagnetic reflection.
(4) electrical quantity is determined
The power output of mutual effect is also the significant design index of broadband helical line travelling wave tube, makes the power output of each frequency can be saturated and reach maximum by regulation voltage, electric current.
(5) pitch of section and deferent segment and the fin distance to center is determined to input
By being optimized the combination to centre distance of different pitch and fin, obtain one group optimize after value.
(6) position cut off is determined
By carrying out scanning optimization to the off-position of above-mentioned model, obtaining maximum harmonics restraint ratio, thus determining most suitable off-position.
This is for 2-8GHz broadband helical line travelling wave tube, and we select the high-frequency structure of fan-shaped fin conduct supporting rod.In preliminary adjustment travelling wave tube internal diameter, pitch, on supporting rod and the isoparametric basis of tab construction, obtain good dispersion and coupling impedance characteristic.Then scan to the distance Rs at center and pitch pitch fin, the scope of scanning is larger as much as possible simultaneously, and the initial value of tentative Rs is 1.22mm, end value 1.28mm, interval 0.02mm; Pitch initial value is 0.8mm, end value is 0.88mm, interval 0.02mm.After adding cut-out and decay, scan the parameters such as the voltage of mutual effect part, electric current and off-position, when the power output of each frequency of comprehensive reference 2-8GHz and saturation, determine that voltage is 3900V, electric current is 370mA, off-position is 30mm.
In mutual effect high frequency setting unit, be divided into input section and deferent segment according to cutting off, in order to the effect of optimization that contrast test tab construction sudden change of the present invention suppresses second harmonic, point following two kinds of situations import high-frequency data.
Situation 1: the fin of input section and deferent segment is all 1.26mm to centre distance Rs; Input section pitch pitch is 0.8mm, and deferent segment pitch pitch is 0.82mm.Microwave tube CAD software MTSS carries out Harmonics Calculation to 2GHz, 3GHz, 4GHz respectively, obtains the result shown in Fig. 6.
Situation 2: input section fin is 1.26mm to centre distance Rs, and deferent segment Rs is 1.24mm; Input section pitch pitch is 0.8mm, and deferent segment pitch pitch is 0.82mm.Microwave tube CAD software MTSS carries out Harmonics Calculation to 2GHz, 3GHz, 4GHz respectively, obtains the result shown in Fig. 7.
Use the fundamental power of 2GHz, 3GHz, 4GHz divided by second-harmonic power in fig. 6 and 7 respectively, then ratio is converted in units of dB, obtain the harmonics restraint ratio shown in Fig. 8.
Claims (2)
1. a broadband helical line travelling wave tube second harmonic suppressing method, in the method, helix TWT comprises: electron gun, slow wave system, focusing system, helix transmission cavity, collector; Helix wherein in helix transmission cavity is fixed on the wall of chamber by supporting rod, described helix cuts off and is divided into input section and deferent segment, be provided with concentrated attenuator between input section and deferent segment, in input section, the pitch of helix is less than the pitch of helix in deferent segment; The inwall of input section and deferent segment place cavity is axially provided with many ridge projections, and this ridge projections is fin, and fin is symmetrical with the axial centre of helix transmission cavity; In input section, fin height is identical, and in deferent segment, fin height is identical; It is characterized in that in input section, fin height is less than fin height in deferent segment, by height and the width of synergic adjustment supporting rod, input the height of fin in section and deferent segment, input the pitch of helix in section and deferent segment, suppress the second harmonic of broadband helical line travelling wave tube.
2. a kind of broadband helical line travelling wave tube second harmonic suppressing method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the fin in described helix output cavity, its cross sectional shape is fan-shaped.
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Cited By (14)
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| CN106024554A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2016-10-12 | 电子科技大学 | High frequency design method for ultra-wideband helix traveling wave tube |
| CN106099292A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2016-11-09 | 成都赛纳为特科技有限公司 | A kind of helical structure folded waveguide |
| CN106129568A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2016-11-16 | 成都赛纳为特科技有限公司 | A kind of segmentation helix rectangle folded waveguide |
| CN106207354A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2016-12-07 | 成都赛纳为特科技有限公司 | A kind of helicla flute folded waveguide |
| CN106207353A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2016-12-07 | 成都赛纳为特科技有限公司 | A kind of segmentation outer rim raised spiral line folded waveguide |
| CN106207352A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2016-12-07 | 成都赛纳为特科技有限公司 | A kind of uniform spiral folded waveguide |
| CN106252810A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2016-12-21 | 成都赛纳为特科技有限公司 | A kind of segmentation helix folded waveguide |
| CN106898533A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-06-27 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of suppressing method of the space travelling wave tube group delay based on the adjustment of helix internal diameter |
| CN106920722A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-07-04 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of suppressing method of the space travelling wave tube group delay based on pitch adjustment |
| CN107066642A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-08-18 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of suppressing method of the space travelling wave tube group delay adjusted based on supporting rod |
| CN108428608A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2018-08-21 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of angle logarithm complications slow wave line slow-wave structure of vane loaded being angularly clamped |
| CN108470666A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-08-31 | 东南大学 | End supporting rod loads helix line slow-wave system |
| CN108493086A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-09-04 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十二研究所 | A kind of helix high-frequency structure and the travelling-wave tubes including the high-frequency structure |
| CN110690089A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-01-14 | 苏师大半导体材料与设备研究院(邳州)有限公司 | Free rectangular helix slow wave structure for traveling wave tube |
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| CN106024554A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2016-10-12 | 电子科技大学 | High frequency design method for ultra-wideband helix traveling wave tube |
| CN106099292A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2016-11-09 | 成都赛纳为特科技有限公司 | A kind of helical structure folded waveguide |
| CN106129568A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2016-11-16 | 成都赛纳为特科技有限公司 | A kind of segmentation helix rectangle folded waveguide |
| CN106207354A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2016-12-07 | 成都赛纳为特科技有限公司 | A kind of helicla flute folded waveguide |
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| CN106252810B (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2020-01-07 | 成都赛纳为特科技有限公司 | Segmented spiral line folded waveguide |
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| CN106920722B (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2018-08-21 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of suppressing method of the space travelling wave tube group delay based on screw pitch adjustment |
| CN106898533B (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2018-08-21 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of suppressing method of the space travelling wave tube group delay based on the adjustment of helix internal diameter |
| CN107066642A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-08-18 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of suppressing method of the space travelling wave tube group delay adjusted based on supporting rod |
| CN106920722A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-07-04 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of suppressing method of the space travelling wave tube group delay based on pitch adjustment |
| CN106898533A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-06-27 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of suppressing method of the space travelling wave tube group delay based on the adjustment of helix internal diameter |
| CN108428608A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2018-08-21 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of angle logarithm complications slow wave line slow-wave structure of vane loaded being angularly clamped |
| CN108470666A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-08-31 | 东南大学 | End supporting rod loads helix line slow-wave system |
| CN108470666B (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2023-10-31 | 东南大学 | Spiral line loading slow wave system of tail end clamping rod |
| CN108493086A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-09-04 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十二研究所 | A kind of helix high-frequency structure and the travelling-wave tubes including the high-frequency structure |
| CN108493086B (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2019-11-12 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十二研究所 | A kind of helix high-frequency structure and the travelling-wave tubes including the high-frequency structure |
| CN110690089A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-01-14 | 苏师大半导体材料与设备研究院(邳州)有限公司 | Free rectangular helix slow wave structure for traveling wave tube |
| CN110690089B (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2021-12-03 | 苏师大半导体材料与设备研究院(邳州)有限公司 | Rectangular helix slow wave structure for traveling wave tube |
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