CN105304438B - A kind of broadband helical line travelling-wave tubes second harmonic suppressing method - Google Patents
A kind of broadband helical line travelling-wave tubes second harmonic suppressing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105304438B CN105304438B CN201510816232.9A CN201510816232A CN105304438B CN 105304438 B CN105304438 B CN 105304438B CN 201510816232 A CN201510816232 A CN 201510816232A CN 105304438 B CN105304438 B CN 105304438B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of broadband helical line travelling-wave tubes second harmonic suppressing method, belong to broadband helical line travelling-wave tubes technical field, more particularly to a kind of second harmonic suppressing method of broadband helical line travelling-wave tubes.Within the specific limits, reducing fin can make travelling-wave tubes harmonics restraint situation improve to the distance at center, but the reduction of distance can make fin nearer to helix, engineering processing etc. may be caused, and other are many potential troublesome, so the present invention has used two sections of different tab constructions with deferent segment respectively in input section, make the fin of input section some larger to centre distance, contrast uniform tab construction, not only bring relatively good harmonic suppression effect, moreover it is possible to the other factors in more preferable " balance " travelling-wave tubes design.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to broadband helical line travelling-wave tubes technical field, it is related to a kind of second harmonic of broadband helical line travelling-wave tubes
Suppressing method.
Background technology
Travelling-wave tubes compares other microwave tubes, has the advantages that broadband, high-power, noise be low and high efficiency, logical
Letter, radar are especially widely used in electronic countermeasure.In recent years, ECM increasingly obtains every country
Great attention, this also proposes requirement higher to travelling-wave tubes：More broadband, more power and bigger efficiency.Helix
Travelling-wave tubes is due to flatter dispersion characteristics, being widely used in broad-band TWT technical field.
Helix TWT is substantially made up of five parts：Electron gun, slow wave system, focusing system, input-output system
And collector.Slow wave system is mainly used in slowing down electromagnetic wave, make its with electronics note synchronously carry out positive energy exchange, so as to amplify signal.
High-frequency structure in slow wave system is mainly made up of helix, supporting rod, fin, shell and concentrated attenuator.Travelling-wave tubes is many
Any one in structure changes, the performance that can all influence it to export.Scientific research so under numerous controllable factors
In, the method that scholars often take a kind of " balance " can neither be attended to one thing and lose sight of another, and best optimization structure is obtained again.For example
In the optimization design of travelling-wave tubes, the method that can usually see " saltus step " or even " gradual change ".
Modern communicationses and Electronic Warfare Technology are developed rapidly, and inevitable requirement travelling-wave tubes has better performance.For example：People
Always wanting to design a microwave tube can cover frequency band as big as possible, and such pipe can just deal with more applied fields
Scape, but in different application scenarios, the frequency band of some very little often need to be only used, at this moment other frequencies would is that one
Plant interference, particularly second harmonic.Helix TWT can meet more wide band requirement, and the lifting of its performance will be subject to
The serious limitation of second harmonic.When the output of a certain fundamental wave is needed, its second harmonic of inevitable requirement is the smaller the better.Arrowband traveling wave
Pipe is generally not present this problem, and broad-band TWT needs to treat emphatically, because second harmonic frequency is usually just in broadband.
For example：One broad-band TWT of 2-8GHz of design, 2,3, the second harmonic of 4GHz is just in frequency band, it is necessary to its is secondary humorous
The output of ripple is preferably minimized.Conventional second harmonic suppression technology has harmonic injection technology, pitch jump technique etc., certainly every kind of
Technology is not all-round, and most suitable method is used for specific travelling-wave tubes, and being optimal is only best in balance
Design.Although harmonic injection technology can suppress second harmonic to a certain extent, exist in operation sizable difficult and not
It is easy to control；Second harmonic when traditional pitch jump technique suppresses harmonic wave exports also universal bigger than normal, and effect is all less desirable.
The content of the invention
In order to preferably suppress second harmonic in the optimization design of broad-band TWT, so that the performance of travelling-wave tubes is lifted,
A kind of method that the present invention proposes tab construction mutation and pitch positive transition on the basis of conventional helices travelling-wave tubes.
Technical scheme is a kind of broadband helical line travelling-wave tubes second harmonic suppressing method, helix TWT bag in the method
Include：Electron gun, slow wave system, focusing system, helix transmission cavity, collector；Helix wherein in helix transmission cavity leads to
Cross supporting rod to be fixed in cavity wall, the helix cut-out is divided into input section and deferent segment, is set between input section and deferent segment
Concentrated attenuator is equipped with, pitch of the pitch of helix less than helix in deferent segment in input section；Input section and deferent segment institute
Axially arranged on the inwall of cavity to have a plurality of ridge projections, the ridge projections are fin, and fin is with the axle of helix transmission cavity
To Central Symmetry；Fin height is identical in input section, and fin height is identical in deferent segment；It is characterized in that fin is high in input section
Degree is less than fin height in deferent segment, by the height and width of synergic adjustment supporting rod, fin in input section and deferent segment
Highly, input section suppresses the second harmonic of broadband helical line travelling-wave tubes with the pitch of helix in deferent segment.
Fin in the helix output cavity, its cross sectional shape is sector.
The present invention still have followed one kind " balance " thought in travelling-wave tubes research and design, accomplish not attend to one thing and lose sight of another as far as possible,
Power output harmonic is set to suppress all to reach a relatively good effect.Using front and rear different pitch and fin to centre-to-centre spacing
From the harmonics restraint for being worked well, so as to lift the homogeneous tube performance of broadband helical line travelling-wave tubes.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the broadband helical line travelling-wave tubes schematic diagram of uniform tab and pitch
Fig. 2 is the broadband helical line travelling-wave tubes schematic diagram of uniform tab pitch positive transition
Fig. 3 is broadband helical line travelling-wave tubes high-frequency structure cross-sectional view (fin to centre distance Rs=1.26mm)
Fig. 4 is broadband helical line travelling-wave tubes high-frequency structure cross-sectional view (fin to centre distance Rs=1.24mm)
Fig. 5 is the comparison diagram of tab construction mutation pitch positive transition method for designing and uniform tab pitch
Fig. 6 is 2GHz, 3GHz, 4GHz bis- times of 2-8GHz broadband helicals line travelling-wave tubes uniform tab and pitch positive transition
Harmonics restraint power output figure
Fig. 7 is 2GHz, 3GHz, 4GHz bis- that 2-8GHz broadband helical line travelling-wave tubes tab construction is mutated pitch positive transition
Subharmonic suppresses power output figure
Fig. 8 is the mutation of 2-8GHz broadband helical line travelling-wave tubes tab construction and not mutated 2GHz, 3GHz, 4GHz bis- times
Harmonics restraint than comparison diagram
Specific embodiment
Do further detailed to technical scheme with reference to the design of 2-8GHz broadband helical line travelling-wave tubes
Explanation.
Helix TWT tab construction is mutated and the method for designing of pitch positive transition is comprised the following steps：
(1) high-frequency structure of broadband helical line travelling-wave tubes is determined
This programme combines 2-8GHz broadband helical line travelling-wave tubes to analyze the shadow that tab construction mutation suppresses second harmonic
Ring.Operating voltage is set to 4000V, and power output is 250W, and saturation gain is 40dB, and gross efficiency is 30%.By Top-Down Design
Can substantially determine that helix internal diameter is 1mm or so, optimal synchronisation phase velocity is 0.106 to 0.108, then can calculate pitch
It is 0.7mm.Under the reference of the physical parameter that these theoretical formulas are released, adjust supporting rod width and height further to optimize
The dispersion characteristics of high-frequency structure.
(2) scanning determines different pitch and fin to the distance at center
It is, in general, that fin influences very big to the distance at center on the abnormality and flatness of dispersion, closer to center, color
Dissipate more unusual (dispersion curve gets over inclination), but synchronous phase velocity is smaller；Regulation pitch, it will significantly affect synchronous phase velocity, pitch increases
Greatly, synchronous phase velocity increases.Weigh between harmonics restraint and optimal synchronisation phase velocity, select some suitable pitch and fin is arrived
The distance at center.In order to suppress harmonic wave better, when it is determined that fin is to centre distance, the dispersion ensure as far as possible obtained by is inclined
Gradient (maximum synchronization phase velocity subtracts smallest synchronization phase velocity) is 0.1 or so.In certain limit, dispersion is more unusual, second harmonic suppression
Effect processed is better, while can also make fin nearer to helix, the difficulty not only resulted in processing can also cause various potential
Harmful effect, so we can not possibly simply reduce fin to the distance at center to suppress second harmonic again, adopts on the contrary
Relatively good effect can be reached with two sections of different distances.
(3) add cut-out and decay
Cut-out and decay is added to suppress the reflection of electromagnetic wave.
(4) electrical parameter is determined
The power output of interaction is also the significant design index of broadband helical line travelling-wave tubes, by adjusting voltage, electric current
So that the power output of each frequency saturation and can reach maximum.
(5) pitch and fin of input section and deferent segment to the distance at center are determined
Optimized by the combination to different pitch and fin to centre distance, obtain the value after one group of optimization.
(6) position of cut-out is determined
Optimization is scanned by the off-position to above-mentioned model, the harmonics restraint ratio of maximum is obtained, so that it is determined that most
Suitable off-position.
This is directed to 2-8GHz broadband helical line travelling-wave tubes, and we select the high-frequency structure of fan-shaped fin conduct supporting rod.
In first successive step travelling-wave tubes internal diameter, pitch, supporting rod and tab construction it is isoparametric on the basis of, obtain preferable dispersion and coupling
Impedance operator.Then fin to center is scanned simultaneously apart from Rs and pitch pitch, the scope of scanning is big as far as possible
Some, it is 1.22mm, end value 1.28mm, interval 0.02mm to fix tentatively the initial value of Rs；Pitch initial values are 0.8mm, end value
It is 0.88mm, interval 0.02mm.After cut-out and decay is added, voltage, electric current and off-position of interaction part etc. are scanned
In the case of parameter, the power output and saturation degree of each frequencies of 2-8GHz of comprehensive reference, determine that voltage is for 3900V, electric current
370mA, off-position are 30mm.
In interaction high frequency setting unit, it is divided into input section and deferent segment according to cut-out, in order to contrast test is of the invention
The effect of optimization that tab construction mutation suppresses to second harmonic, a point following two situations import high-frequency data.
Situation 1：The fin of input section and deferent segment is all 1.26mm to centre distance Rs；Input section pitch pitch is
0.8mm, deferent segment pitch pitch are 0.82mm.2GHz, 3GHz, 4GHz carried out respectively on microwave tube CAD software MTSS humorous
Ripple is calculated, and obtains the result shown in Fig. 6.
Situation 2：Input section fin is 1.26mm to centre distance Rs, and deferent segment Rs is 1.24mm；Input section pitch pitch
It is 0.8mm, deferent segment pitch pitch is 0.82mm.2GHz, 3GHz, 4GHz are carried out respectively on microwave tube CAD software MTSS
Harmonics Calculation, obtains the result shown in Fig. 7.
In fig. 6 and 7 respectively with the fundamental power of 2GHz, 3GHz, 4GHz divided by second-harmonic power, then ratio is turned
Turn in units of dB, obtain the harmonics restraint ratio shown in Fig. 8.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of broadband helical line travelling-wave tubes second harmonic suppressing method, helix TWT includes in the method：It is electron gun, slow
Wave system system, focusing system, helix transmission cavity, collector；Helix wherein in helix transmission cavity is fixed by supporting rod
In cavity wall, the helix cut-out is divided into input section and deferent segment, and concentration decay is provided between input section and deferent segment
Device, pitch of the pitch of helix less than helix in deferent segment in input section；The inwall of cavity where input section and deferent segment
Above axially arranged to have a plurality of ridge projections, the ridge projections are fin, and fin is symmetrical with the axial centre of helix transmission cavity；It is defeated
Fin height is identical in entering section, and fin height is identical in deferent segment；It is characterized in that fin height is less than deferent segment in input section
Middle fin height, by the height and width of synergic adjustment supporting rod, the height of input section and fin in deferent segment, input section with
The pitch of helix suppresses the second harmonic of broadband helical line travelling-wave tubes in deferent segment.
2. a kind of broadband helical line travelling-wave tubes second harmonic suppressing method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the spiral shell
Fin in spin line transmission cavity, its cross sectional shape is sector.
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| CN106129568B (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2020-01-07 | 成都赛纳为特科技有限公司 | Rectangular folded waveguide with segmented spiral lines |
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| CN108470666B (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2023-10-31 | 东南大学 | Spiral line loading slow wave system of tail end clamping rod |
| CN108493086B (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2019-11-12 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十二研究所 | A kind of helix high-frequency structure and the travelling-wave tubes including the high-frequency structure |
| CN110690089B (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2021-12-03 | 苏师大半导体材料与设备研究院(邳州)有限公司 | Rectangular helix slow wave structure for traveling wave tube |
| CN114520135A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-05-20 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十二研究所 | Design method for restraining harmonic waves of spiral line type traveling wave tube |
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| JPS52127061A (en) * | 1976-04-16 | 1977-10-25 | Nec Corp | Travelling wave tube |
| CN101728183B (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2012-07-18 | 安徽华东光电技术研究所 | Slow wave structure used for X-waveband space travelling wave tube |
| CN201820734U (en) * | 2010-07-28 | 2011-05-04 | 南京三乐电子信息产业集团有限公司 | Slow wave component of Ku wave band pulse travelling wave tube and Ku wave band pulse travelling wave |
| CN103489741B (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2016-04-13 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of helix TWT dynamic phase velocity gradient pitch distributed architecture and method for designing |
| CN103942389B (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2017-04-12 | 电子科技大学 | Optimization method of traveling-wave tube beam wave interaction distribution structure |
| CN105070623B (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2017-03-01 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of efficient broadband helical line travelling-wave tube |
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