CN109686635A - A kind of helix and its design method of space travelling wave tube - Google Patents
A kind of helix and its design method of space travelling wave tube Download PDFInfo
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- CN109686635A CN109686635A CN201811546588.5A CN201811546588A CN109686635A CN 109686635 A CN109686635 A CN 109686635A CN 201811546588 A CN201811546588 A CN 201811546588A CN 109686635 A CN109686635 A CN 109686635A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
- H01J23/16—Circuit elements, having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube and interacting with the discharge
- H01J23/24—Slow-wave structures, e.g. delay systems
- H01J23/26—Helical slow-wave structures; Adjustment therefor
- H01J23/27—Helix-derived slow-wave structures
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Abstract
The invention belongs to space travelling wave tube nonlinear technology fields, are related to the helix and its design method of a kind of space travelling wave tube.The present invention is first by changing the gradual change spiral pieces that are positive for one section of lead-in spiral initial end, to generate inhibiting effect to group delay distortion；One section of uniform spiral pieces is added before the positive gradual change spiral pieces of addition again later, to improve the initial pitch of lead-in spiral while guaranteeing group delay inhibitory effect；Finally by the mode for extending the uniform helical segment length of throwout spiral first segment, to compensate the gain of loss.Helix provided by the invention, existing space travelling-wave tubes group delay distortion is inhibited to provide a kind of new approach, the optimization of gain has been done to entire space travelling wave tube, and the initial pitch of lead-in spiral is improved simultaneously, to improve the matching of helix and input window, the reflection of input electromagnetic wave is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to space travelling wave tube nonlinear technology fields, are related to the helix and its design of a kind of space travelling wave tube
Method.
Background technique
Space travelling wave tube is the core component for being applied to all kinds of satellites, spacecraft, radar and electronic warfare system, performance
Index Influence the superiority and inferiority of sorts of systems.With the high speed development of China's aerospace industry, to the quantity and performance of space travelling wave tube
Propose very urgent demand.
However space travelling wave tube is not linear amplifier, it is every non-linear that nonlinear operation process will will lead to appearance
Characteristic, to have a negative impact to satellite system and radar system.Wherein group delay distortion will seriously affect the biography of signal
Defeated time delay greatly increases the bit error rate of system, so that the timing tracking accuracy and pseudo-ranging precision to navigation system generate shadow
It rings.The slow wave circuit that the generation of group delay distortion is primarily due to travelling-wave tubes is a complicated dispersion system, this will lead to not
The phase velocity of signal in systems under same frequency is different, to generate propagation time difference.But group delay is lost in the prior art
Really inhibit research very few, the research of only some suppressing methods can also have a negative impact to the gain of travelling-wave tubes,
Therefore it is highly desirable to group delay distortion characteristic spread more in-depth study.
And in the design of space travelling wave tube, often to consider the matching of input window and helix.Input window is made
For the entrance of travelling-wave tubes input signal, main task is smoothly to be transferred to high-frequency signal in slow-wave structure from outside.But by
In the magnetic distribution of both slow-wave structure and input window, there are biggish differences, and coupling between the two is extremely important.Spiral
Characteristic impedance of the characteristic impedance of line generally than transmission line outside pipe is big, so in the actual processing process, usually using and pulling loose
The mode of the initial screw pitch of lead-in spiral changes the characteristic impedance of helix, and helix and input window had preferably
Matching.But in the design process due to helix, screw pitch distribution has been designed according to note wave Interaction Theory.
The note wave interaction of initial segment will be will affect by stretching manually to helix in process, thus to the working performance of travelling-wave tubes
It has a negative impact.Therefore in the design process of note wave interaction screw pitch distribution, to increase the screw pitch of initial segment as far as possible, thus
Improve the transmission characteristic between helix and input window.
Therefore the group delay distortion for how taking into account space travelling wave tube inhibits and the matching of helix and input window is for sky
Between travelling-wave tubes overall applicability it is extremely important.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned there are problem or deficiency, for solve the group delay distortion of existing space travelling-wave tubes inhibit and helix and
The problem of matching of input window cannot be taken into account, the present invention provides a kind of helix of space travelling wave tube and its design methods.
A kind of helix of space travelling wave tube, including lead-in spiral and throwout spiral.
It is separated between lead-in spiral and throwout spiral with cutting, attenuator is added on cutting both sides to inhibit to reflect.
The lead-in spiral is divided into three sections, successively includes: the uniform spiral pieces of first segment, positive gradual change helical from initial end
Section and the uniform spiral pieces of second segment；The uniform spiral pieces of first segment are the initial end of lead-in spiral, and the uniform spiral pieces of second segment are
The end of lead-in spiral；The uniform helical segment length of first segment is rounded a 1%-5% for lead-in spiral length, pitch with
The initial pitch of positive gradual change spiral pieces is identical；Positive gradual change helical segment length is rounded a 20%-30% for lead-in spiral length,
The pitch of its gradual change end is identical as the pitch of the uniform spiral pieces of second segment.
The throwout spiral is divided into four sections, since close to lead-in spiral side successively are as follows: the uniform spiral pieces of first segment,
First segment gradual change spiral pieces, second segment gradual change spiral pieces and the uniform spiral pieces of second segment.
Its design method is as follows:
Step 1 designs positive gradual change spiral pieces first, then designs the uniform spiral pieces of first segment；
The lead-in spiral of object space travelling-wave tubes is divided into three sections, successively includes: the uniform spiral shell of first segment from initial end
Line segment, positive gradual change spiral pieces and the uniform spiral pieces of second segment；The uniform spiral pieces of first segment be lead-in spiral initial end, second
The uniform spiral pieces of section are the end of lead-in spiral；The uniform helical segment length of first segment is rounded a 1%- for lead-in spiral length
5%, pitch is identical as the initial pitch of positive gradual change spiral pieces；It is long that positive gradual change helical segment length is rounded a lead-in spiral
The pitch of the 20%-30% of degree, gradual change end are identical as the pitch of the uniform spiral pieces of second segment.
Step 2, the uniform spiral pieces of first segment in the throwout spiral of object space travelling-wave tubes, increase its length, increase
Length be object space travelling-wave tubes lead-in spiral length 20%-30%.
The invention proposes the inhibition group delay distortion helixes and design method of a kind of space travelling wave tube.Pass through first by
One section of lead-in spiral initial end changes the gradual change spiral pieces that are positive, to generate inhibiting effect to group delay distortion；Later again
One section of uniform spiral pieces is added before the positive gradual change spiral pieces of addition, to mention while guaranteeing group delay inhibitory effect
The initial pitch of high lead-in spiral；Finally by extend the uniform helical segment length of throwout spiral first segment mode, from
And compensate the gain of loss.
In conclusion helix provided by the invention, provides one kind to the inhibition of existing space travelling-wave tubes group delay distortion
New approach has done the optimization of gain to entire space travelling wave tube, and improves the initial pitch of lead-in spiral simultaneously, thus
The matching of helix and input window is improved, the reflection of input electromagnetic wave is reduced.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the interaction screw pitch distribution schematic diagram that embodiment introduces under positive grading structure；
Fig. 2 is that embodiment introduces gain and group delay distortion distribution map when being scanned under positive grading structure to frequency；
Fig. 3 is the interaction screw pitch distribution schematic diagram being added after the uniform spiral pieces of lead-in spiral first segment；
Fig. 4 is that the gain and group delay when being scanned after the uniform spiral pieces of lead-in spiral first segment are added to frequency are lost
True distribution map；
Fig. 5 is the gain scan distribution curve comparison diagram of example structure optimization front and back；
Fig. 6 is the group delay distortion distribution curve comparison diagram of example structure optimization front and back.
Specific embodiment
For addition group delay by working band for 1.535-1.605GHz inhibits the L-band space travelling wave tube of structure,
In conjunction with attached drawing, the present invention is described further.The total length of the travelling-wave tubes lead-in spiral is 164mm, when group is added
Prolong and its before structure is inhibited there was only one section of uniform spiral pieces, the uniform helical pitch value of uniform spiral pieces is 1.2mm.
(1) it is added after group delay inhibits structure and analog simulation is carried out to the travelling-wave tubes.
Under initial configuration, keep the length of lead-in spiral constant, since the initial end of lead-in spiral, by one
Section changes the gradual change spiral pieces that are positive, and the length of gradual change is chosen for the 25% of lead-in spiral, and the starting pitch of transition takes defeated
Enter the 65% of uniform spiral pieces screw pitch.And after final optimization pass, taking length is 45mm, and the initial pitch of gradual change is 0.8mm.Later again
The length for increasing the uniform spiral pieces of throwout spiral first segment, taking its increased length is 41mm.
It is the interaction screw pitch distribution schematic diagram that the travelling-wave tubes is added after optimizing under positive grading structure such as Fig. 1.By to this
Interaction distribution carries out simulation calculation, obtains the gain and group delay distortion such as Fig. 2 under the structure.Wherein under the structure in frequency band
Gain be 52.33-52.55dB, group delay distortion 0.9153ns.And actually before structure optimization, the travelling-wave tubes
Gain is 52.33-52.49dB, group delay distortion 1.36ns.By the way that the positive grading structure is added, do not lost in guarantee gain
Under the premise of group delay distortion is inhibited.
(2) length for the uniform segment being added is determined.
The uniform helical segment length of the lead-in spiral first segment being added in the interacting formations of the L-band is taken as 4mm, adds
Interaction screw pitch distribution schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 3 after entering the uniform spiral pieces.
(3) pitch of uniform segment is determined.
While the pitch for guaranteeing uniform segment is identical with the initial pitch of transition, pitch is continuously improved.When
When pitch is 0.85mm, the inhibitory effect to group delay distortion is maintained.
(4) gain of loss is compensated.
By increasing the length of the uniform spiral pieces of first segment of throwout spiral, is calculated by step-length of 1mm, work as output
First segment uniform spiral pieces when increasing 4mm, gain and group delay distortion are as shown in figure 4, gain 52.34-52.60dB, when group
Prolong distortion 0.8923ns.Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 is the gain and group delay distortion comparison diagram before and after structure optimization, before table 1 is structure optimization
The comparison of each data afterwards.It can see from figure and in table, ensure that the constant and group delay distortion of gain before and after structure optimization
Inhibitory effect in addition effect promoted.And after optimization, the initial screw pitch of lead-in spiral is increased to from 0.8mm
0.85mm has obtained effective raising.
Each data comparison before and after 1 structure optimization of table
Shown in sum up, the present invention first by changing the gradual change spiral pieces that are positive for one section of lead-in spiral initial end, from
And inhibiting effect is generated to group delay distortion；One section of uniform spiral pieces is added before the positive gradual change spiral pieces of addition again later,
To improve the initial pitch of lead-in spiral while guaranteeing group delay inhibitory effect；Spiral shell is exported finally by extending
The mode of the uniform helical segment length of spin line first segment, to compensate the gain of loss.The final present invention is guaranteeing group delay distortion
Inhibitory effect and gain it is constant under the premise of, can effectively improve the initial screw pitch of lead-in spiral, to improve helix
With the matching of input window, the reflection of input electromagnetic wave is reduced.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of helix of space travelling wave tube, including lead-in spiral and throwout spiral, it is characterised in that:
It is separated between lead-in spiral and throwout spiral with cutting, attenuator is added on cutting both sides to inhibit to reflect；
The lead-in spiral is divided into three sections, successively include: from initial end the uniform spiral pieces of first segment, positive gradual change spiral pieces and
The uniform spiral pieces of second segment；The uniform spiral pieces of first segment are the initial end of lead-in spiral, and the uniform spiral pieces of second segment are input
The end of helix；The uniform helical segment length of first segment is rounded a 1%-5% for lead-in spiral length, pitch with just gradually
The initial pitch for becoming spiral pieces is identical；Positive gradual change helical segment length is rounded a 20%-30% for lead-in spiral length, gradually
The pitch for becoming end is identical as the pitch of the uniform spiral pieces of second segment；
The throwout spiral is divided into four sections, since close to lead-in spiral side successively are as follows: the uniform spiral pieces of first segment, first
Section gradual change spiral pieces, second segment gradual change spiral pieces and the uniform spiral pieces of second segment.
2. the helix of space travelling wave tube as described in claim 1, design method are as follows:
Step 1 designs positive gradual change spiral pieces first, then designs the uniform spiral pieces of first segment；
The lead-in spiral of object space travelling-wave tubes is divided into three sections, successively include: from initial end the uniform spiral pieces of first segment,
Positive gradual change spiral pieces and the uniform spiral pieces of second segment；The uniform spiral pieces of first segment are the initial end of lead-in spiral, and second segment is equal
Even spiral pieces are the end of lead-in spiral；The uniform helical segment length of first segment is rounded a 1%-5% for lead-in spiral length,
Its pitch is identical as the initial pitch of positive gradual change spiral pieces；Positive gradual change helical segment length is rounded lead-in spiral length
The pitch of 20%-30%, gradual change end are identical as the pitch of the uniform spiral pieces of second segment；
Step 2, the uniform spiral pieces of first segment in the throwout spiral of object space travelling-wave tubes, increase its length, increased length
Degree is the 20%-30% of the lead-in spiral length of object space travelling-wave tubes.
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| CN201811546588.5A CN109686635B (en) | 2018-12-18 | 2018-12-18 | Spiral line of space traveling wave tube and design method thereof |
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| CN201811546588.5A CN109686635B (en) | 2018-12-18 | 2018-12-18 | Spiral line of space traveling wave tube and design method thereof |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103489741A (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2014-01-01 | 电子科技大学 | Helix traveling wave tube dynamic phase velocity gradually-changed thread pitch distribution structure and design method |
| CN106898533A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-06-27 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of suppressing method of the space travelling wave tube group delay based on the adjustment of helix internal diameter |
| CN106920722A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-07-04 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of suppressing method of the space travelling wave tube group delay based on pitch adjustment |
| CN107066642A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-08-18 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of suppressing method of the space travelling wave tube group delay adjusted based on supporting rod |
| CN206697441U (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-12-01 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | The slow-wave structure and its high-frequency structure of helix TWT comprising more transitions |
-
2018
- 2018-12-18 CN CN201811546588.5A patent/CN109686635B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103489741A (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2014-01-01 | 电子科技大学 | Helix traveling wave tube dynamic phase velocity gradually-changed thread pitch distribution structure and design method |
| CN106898533A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-06-27 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of suppressing method of the space travelling wave tube group delay based on the adjustment of helix internal diameter |
| CN106920722A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-07-04 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of suppressing method of the space travelling wave tube group delay based on pitch adjustment |
| CN107066642A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-08-18 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of suppressing method of the space travelling wave tube group delay adjusted based on supporting rod |
| CN206697441U (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-12-01 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | The slow-wave structure and its high-frequency structure of helix TWT comprising more transitions |
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