CN107565200B - Suppressor for high-frequency output of gyrotron traveling wave tube - Google Patents
Suppressor for high-frequency output of gyrotron traveling wave tube Download PDFInfo
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- CN107565200B CN107565200B CN201710707394.8A CN201710707394A CN107565200B CN 107565200 B CN107565200 B CN 107565200B CN 201710707394 A CN201710707394 A CN 201710707394A CN 107565200 B CN107565200 B CN 107565200B
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- LTPBRCUWZOMYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium oxide Inorganic materials O=[Be] LTPBRCUWZOMYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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Abstract
The invention discloses a suppressor for high-frequency output of a gyrotron traveling wave tube, which comprises a main waveguide and at least one auxiliary waveguide distributed on the axial direction of the main waveguide, wherein the main waveguide and the auxiliary waveguide are made of metal, and the phase of a parasitic mode in the main waveguide is equal to the phase of a working mode in the auxiliary waveguide; the pipe orifices at the two ends of the auxiliary waveguide are respectively provided with a wave-absorbing plug body for absorbing the parasitic mode power coupled into the auxiliary waveguide from the main waveguide; a plurality of coupling holes for communicating the inner cavity of the main waveguide with the inner cavity of the auxiliary waveguide are formed on the common connecting surface of the auxiliary waveguide and the main waveguide at equal intervals; when the transmission mode in the main waveguide is not coupled into the sub waveguide and all the parasitic modes in the main waveguide can be coupled into the sub waveguide, the distance between two adjacent coupling holes on the same axis is calculated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microwaves, and particularly relates to a suppressor for high-frequency output of a gyrotron traveling wave tube.
Background
The gyrotron is a device for achieving electron beam and high-frequency field transduction by utilizing relativistic angular clustering generated by an electron relativistic effect, is a high-power millimeter wave amplifier based on an electron cyclotron pulse plug, and can generate high pulse power and high average power in a millimeter wave frequency range, so that the gyrotron has a wide application prospect in the aspects of high-resolution imaging radar, electronic countermeasure, secure satellite communication and the like. However, gyrotrons often suffer from impure output modes, and the use of an over-mode output waveguide can lead to the possibility of such impure output modes being exacerbated, for example, when operating in TE01The gyrotron of the mode often has a small amount of TE in the output microwave02A parasitic mode. The presence of such parasitic modes not only results in reduced efficiency in converting the output mode to the linear mode required for antenna radiation, but also results in increased reflection, propagation, of the antenna systemDifficulty in designing the input element.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the prior art, the suppressor for the high-frequency output of the gyrotron traveling wave tube provided by the invention solves the problem that the existing high-power microwave source is impure in output mode.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the suppressor for the high-frequency output of the gyrotron traveling wave tube comprises a main waveguide and at least one auxiliary waveguide distributed in the axial direction of the main waveguide, wherein the main waveguide and the auxiliary waveguide are made of metal, and the phase of a parasitic mode in the main waveguide is equal to the phase of a working mode in the auxiliary waveguide; the pipe orifices at the two ends of the auxiliary waveguide are respectively provided with a wave-absorbing plug body for absorbing the parasitic mode power coupled into the auxiliary waveguide from the main waveguide; a plurality of coupling holes for communicating the inner cavity of the main waveguide with the inner cavity of the auxiliary waveguide are formed on the common connecting surface of the auxiliary waveguide and the main waveguide at equal intervals;
the distance d between two adjacent coupling holes on the same axis is as follows:
wherein d is the distance between two adjacent coupling holes on the same axis; lambda [ alpha ]g1A waveguide wavelength, λ, of a transmission mode in the main waveguideg2A waveguide wavelength that is a transmission mode in the sub-waveguide; d+/d-The distances between two adjacent coupling holes on the same axis are respectively used when the transmission mode in the main waveguide propagates towards the positive/negative direction.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the scheme, through selection of i, the distance d between two adjacent coupling holes on the same axis when a transmission mode in the waveguide is transmitted to the positive direction+Equal to the distance d between two adjacent coupling holes on the same axis when the transmission mode in the main waveguide propagates to the positive/negative direction-The distance d between two adjacent coupling holes on the same axis is used, and the mode can ensure that the working mode in the main waveguide is not coupled into the auxiliary waveguide; recombination of the phase of the parasitic mode in the main waveguide with the phase of the working mode in the auxiliary waveguideThe bits are equal, so that most or even all of the parasitic modes transmitted in the main waveguide can be coupled into the secondary waveguide, and the working mode in the main waveguide is not coupled out.
The power of the coupled parasitic mode can be absorbed through the wave-absorbing plugs in the pipe orifices at the two ends of the secondary waveguide, so that the content of the parasitic mode is effectively reduced, the high-efficiency transmission of the working mode is ensured, the purity of the working mode in the primary waveguide is controlled according to the actual engineering requirements, and the high-performance stable work of the gyrotron traveling wave tube is ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a suppressor for high-frequency output of a gyrotron traveling wave tube, which has 6 sub-waveguides and 30 rectangular coupling holes.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a suppressor for high frequency output of a gyrotron traveling wave tube.
Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the suppressor along the coupling hole of the suppressor.
FIG. 4 is a single hole TE02The coupling degree of the mode is shown as the change of the thickness t of the coupling hole.
FIG. 5 is a single hole TE02The degree of coupling of the modes is shown schematically as a function of the longitudinal length Z of the coupling hole.
FIG. 6 shows TE02TE in mode suppressor02The degree of coupling of the modes in the positive and negative transmission directions.
FIG. 7 shows TE02TE in mode suppressor02The mode output power coupling ratio.
FIG. 8 shows TE02TE in mode suppressor01Transmission and reflection parameters of the modes are shown schematically.
Wherein, 1, a secondary waveguide; 2. a main waveguide; 3. a coupling hole; 4. a wave absorbing plug body; a. a secondary waveguide long side; b. the secondary waveguide has a narrow side.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined in the appended claims, and all matters produced by the invention using the inventive concept are protected.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a structure of a suppressor for a high frequency output of a gyrotron traveling wave tube, which has 6 sub-waveguides 1 and 30 rectangular coupling holes; FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of a suppressor for a high frequency output of a gyrotron traveling wave tube; fig. 3 shows a schematic cross-section of the suppressor along the coupling aperture 3.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the suppressor for high-frequency output of a gyrotron traveling wave tube includes a main waveguide 2 and at least one auxiliary waveguide 1 distributed on the main waveguide 2 in the axial direction, where the main waveguide 2 is a metal circular waveguide, and the auxiliary waveguide 1 is a metal rectangular waveguide. In order to enhance the coupling amount of the parasitic mode in the main waveguide 2 into the sub waveguide 1, a plurality of identical sub waveguides 1 may be provided circumferentially on the same main waveguide 2.
In the design of the scheme, the phase of the parasitic mode in the main waveguide 2 is designed to be equal to the phase of the working mode in the secondary waveguide 1, so that the parasitic mode in the main waveguide 2 can be coupled into the secondary waveguide 1.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the pipe orifices at both ends of the secondary waveguide 1 are provided with wave-absorbing plugs 4 for absorbing the parasitic mode power coupled into the secondary waveguide 1 from the primary waveguide 2; the wave-absorbing plug body 4 is made of wave-absorbing materials, and in order to ensure the rapid absorption of the parasitic mode power, the wave-absorbing materials are preferably silicon carbide, beryllium oxide or aluminum nitride.
A plurality of coupling holes 3 for communicating the inner cavity of the main waveguide 2 with the inner cavity of the auxiliary waveguide 1 are formed in the common connecting surface of the auxiliary waveguide 1 and the main waveguide 2 at equal intervals, and the coupling holes 3 are used for coupling the parasitic mode in the main waveguide 2 to the auxiliary waveguide 1; in practice, the coupling hole 3 is preferably a rectangular coupling hole.
When there are 2N coupling holes 3 between the main waveguide 2 and the sub waveguide 1, the total coupling degree a of the N coupling holes 3 is equal when the coupling holes 3 are equally spaced and equally sized±Can be expressed as:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
wherein the "+" mark represents the positive direction of wave propagation, the "-" mark represents the reverse direction of wave propagation, β1、β2Phase constants of the medium waves of the main waveguide 2 and the sub-waveguide 1, a±D is the distance between two adjacent coupling holes 3 on the same axis, which is the coupling strength of a single coupling hole 3.
When in use
When, A±＝|Na±The waves excited by each coupling hole 3 in the secondary waveguide 1 will be superposed in phase, the coupling obtaining maximum intensity.
When in use
When, A±When the waves excited in the sub waveguide 1 by the N coupling holes 3 are all cancelled out by each other, 0, and no coupling occurs.
When the transmission mode in the primary waveguide 2 is not coupled into the secondary waveguide 1, and all the parasitic modes in the primary waveguide 2 can be coupled into the secondary waveguide 1, the distance d between two adjacent coupling holes 3 on the same axis is:
wherein d is the distance between two adjacent coupling holes 3 on the same axis; lambda [ alpha ]g1The waveguide wavelength, λ, of the transmission mode in the main waveguide 2g2A waveguide wavelength which is a transmission mode in the sub-waveguide 1; d+/d-The distance between two adjacent coupling holes 3 on the same axis when the transmission mode in the main waveguide 2 propagates in the positive/negative direction is respectively.
In practice, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, it is preferable that an even number of sub waveguides 1 are uniformly distributed on the main waveguide 2, and each sub waveguide 1 has a sub waveguide 1 axially symmetric to the main waveguide 2 on the other side of the diameter of the main waveguide 2.
As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, preferably, 6 sub waveguides 1 are uniformly distributed on the main waveguide 2, and 30 coupling holes 3 are equidistantly arranged on the connecting surface of the same sub waveguide 1. According to the scheme, through the unique arrangement of the auxiliary waveguide 1 and the coupling holes 3, and the distance between two adjacent coupling holes 3 is combined, when the transmission mode in the main waveguide 2 is positive direction transmission, all parasitic modes in the main waveguide 2 are coupled to the auxiliary waveguide 1, and then the power of the parasitic modes is absorbed through the wave-absorbing plugs 4 at the pipe orifices at the two ends of the auxiliary waveguide 1.
When the phase of the parasitic mode in the main waveguide 2 is equal to the phase of the transmission mode of the secondary waveguide 1, the width of the inner side wall of the secondary waveguide is:
wherein w is the width of the long side a of the secondary waveguide; r is the diameter of the main waveguide 2; mu.smnIs the nth root of which the mth order bessel function is zero.
The calculated width of the secondary waveguide long side a when the phase of the parasitic mode in the primary waveguide 2 is equal to the phase of the transmission mode in the secondary waveguide 1 can maximize the amplitude of the parasitic mode in the primary waveguide 2 coupled into the secondary waveguide 1.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, it is found through simulation that the coupling amount of a single rectangular coupling hole gradually decreases with the increase of the thickness (depth) thereof, and gradually increases with the increase of the longitudinal length Z of the rectangular coupling hole. Therefore, in one embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the coupling hole 3 is preferably 0.2mm to 0.5mm, and the longitudinal length of the rectangular coupling hole is preferably 1.8mm to 2.4 mm.
The thickness of the coupling hole 3 and the size of the longitudinal length Z of the hole are selected to avoid the coupling of the working mode in the main waveguide 2 into the secondary waveguide 1, while ensuring that the coupling amount of the parasitic mode in the main waveguide 2 into the secondary waveguide 1 is larger.
The coupling holes 3 in the invention adopt a design mode of equal hole and equal space, the structure is simple and easy to process, the transmission quantity of parasitic modes in the suppressor can be effectively controlled, the reflection of the parasitic modes is suppressed, and the effective transmission of useful signals is realized; meanwhile, the design with a plurality of coupling arms greatly improves the total coupling degree of the parasitic mode coupled to the secondary waveguide 1, and achieves the aim of effectively inhibiting the parasitic mode while ensuring the high-efficiency output of the working mode.
The selection of the dimensions of the various components of the suppressor according to the present solution is described below with reference to specific embodiments:
propagating in the main waveguide 2 as TE01Mode being operating mode with TE interposed02Mode (parasitic mode) waves with an operating band of 33.5GHz-36 GHz. According to the size of the output circular waveguide of the gyrotron, the inner radius of the main waveguide 2 is 11.96mm, and TE is required to be satisfied in the auxiliary waveguide 110Mode single mode transmission due to TE10The phase of the mode is only related to the dimension of the long side a of the secondary waveguide, but not related to the dimension of the narrow side b of the secondary waveguide, so that the narrow side of the standard rectangular waveguide BJ320 corresponding to the designed frequency band can be selected as the width of the narrow side b of the secondary waveguide, namely the width of the narrow side b of the secondary waveguide is 3.556mm, and the long side a of the secondary waveguide can be based on TE10Phase of mode and TE02Principle of phase equality of modes
After the main and auxiliary waveguide dimensions and modes are determined, d is calculated to be 10.67 mm.
The dimensions of the main waveguide 2 and the sub-waveguide 1 are obtained based on the above calculation, and the suppression effect of the parasitic mode in the suppressor according to the present embodiment is described with reference to simulation fig. 6 to 8:
FIG. 6 shows TE under simulation02The coupling degree of the mode in the positive and negative propagation directions can be obtained from the figure that the coupling degree in the positive transmission direction is close to 0dB when the working frequency band is between 33.5GHz and 36GHz, which shows that TE02The modes are substantially fully coupled.
FIG. 7 shows TE at the coupling end02A mode output power ratio of at least 90% TE within an operating band of 33.5GHz-36GHz02The modes are coupled to the secondary waveguide 1.
FIG. 8 shows TE01Transmission and reflection parameters of a modeThe graph shows that the TE is within the working frequency band of 33.5GHz-36GHz01The mode transmission parameter is about 0dB, and the reflection parameter is about-40 dB, which shows that TE01The modes are almost completely output by the output and are rarely coupled to the secondary waveguide.
Therefore, the suppressor designed by the scheme can successfully suppress TE in the main waveguide 202And the parasitic mode achieves the aim of improving the purity of the output mode of the high-power microwave source.
In conclusion, the output structure of the equi-aperture equidistant mode suppressor designed by the invention effectively overcomes the problem that the output mode of the conventional high-power microwave source is often impure and the impurity is aggravated due to the use of the over-mode output waveguide.
Simulation shows that the suppressor can effectively suppress the parasitic mode TE in the main waveguide 2 within the working frequency band of 33.5GHz-36GHz02Over 90% of the mode power is coupled into the secondary waveguide 1 while ensuring the transmission mode (TE) in the primary waveguide01Mode) high-purity output, and the working performance of high power, high efficiency, high gain and wide bandwidth of the gyrotron traveling wave tube is realized.
Claims (6)
1. The suppressor for the high-frequency output of the gyrotron traveling wave tube is characterized by comprising a main waveguide and at least one auxiliary waveguide distributed in the axial direction of the main waveguide, wherein the main waveguide and the auxiliary waveguide are both made of metal, and the phase of a parasitic mode in the main waveguide is equal to the phase of a working mode in the auxiliary waveguide; the pipe orifices at two ends of the auxiliary waveguide are respectively provided with a wave-absorbing plug body for absorbing the parasitic mode power coupled into the auxiliary waveguide from the main waveguide; a plurality of coupling holes for communicating the inner cavity of the main waveguide with the inner cavity of the auxiliary waveguide are formed on the common connecting surface of the auxiliary waveguide and the main waveguide at equal intervals;
when there are 2N coupling holes between main waveguide, the vice waveguide, equal, the size is the same at the coupling hole interval, and the interval d that lies in two adjacent coupling holes on same axis is:
wherein d is the distance between two adjacent coupling holes on the same axis; lambda [ alpha ]g1A waveguide wavelength, λ, of a transmission mode in the main waveguideg2A waveguide wavelength that is a transmission mode in the sub-waveguide; d+/d-The distances between two adjacent coupling holes on the same axis are respectively used when the transmission mode in the main waveguide propagates to the positive/negative direction;
when the phase of the parasitic mode in the main waveguide is equal to the phase of the transmission mode of the auxiliary waveguide, the width of the inner side surface of the auxiliary waveguide is as follows:
wherein w is the width of the long side of the secondary waveguide; r is the diameter of the main waveguide; mu.smnIs the nth root of which the mth order Bessel function is zero;
the thickness of the coupling hole is 0.2mm-0.5 mm.
2. The suppressor for high frequency output of a gyrotron traveling wave tube as claimed in claim 1, wherein said main waveguide is a circular waveguide and said sub waveguide is a rectangular waveguide.
3. The suppressor for high frequency output of a gyrotron traveling wave tube as claimed in claim 2, wherein an even number of sub-waveguides are uniformly distributed on the main waveguide, and each sub-waveguide is provided with a sub-waveguide axially symmetric to the main waveguide on the other side of the diameter of the main waveguide.
4. The suppressor for high-frequency output of a gyrotron traveling-wave tube according to claim 2, wherein 6 sub-waveguides are uniformly distributed on the main waveguide, and 30 coupling holes are arranged on the same sub-waveguide at equal intervals on the connecting surface.
5. The suppressor for high frequency output of a gyrotron traveling wave tube as claimed in claim 4, wherein the material of the wave absorbing plug is silicon carbide, beryllium oxide or aluminum nitride.
6. The suppressor for high frequency output of a gyrotron traveling wave tube as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein said coupling hole is a rectangular coupling hole.
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| CN109786920A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2019-05-21 | 北京无线电测量研究所 | A kind of circular polarisation TE21Mode coupler structure |
| CN111697305B (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2022-03-29 | 安徽四创电子股份有限公司 | S-band sixteen-hole TE21 mode coupler |
| CN112615123B (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-12-03 | 电子科技大学 | Angular power division waveguide structure applied to medium-loaded gyrotron traveling wave tube |
| CN114937584B (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2023-09-19 | 电子科技大学 | High-frequency medium loading structure for high-order mode rotary traveling wave tube |
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| CN102509686A (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2012-06-20 | 电子科技大学 | Broadband multi-waveguide output device for rotary traveling wave tube |
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| CN102509686A (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2012-06-20 | 电子科技大学 | Broadband multi-waveguide output device for rotary traveling wave tube |
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