CN102339708B - Gradient ridge loading tortuous waveguide slow wave line - Google Patents
Gradient ridge loading tortuous waveguide slow wave line Download PDFInfo
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- CN102339708B CN102339708B CN201110306398.8A CN201110306398A CN102339708B CN 102339708 B CN102339708 B CN 102339708B CN 201110306398 A CN201110306398 A CN 201110306398A CN 102339708 B CN102339708 B CN 102339708B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a gradient ridge loading tortuous waveguide slow wave line, and belongs to the technical field of microwave vacuum electronics. The slow wave line is formed by alternately connecting a series of arc bent waveguides (or right-angled bent waveguides) and straight waveguides end to end, equivalently a rectangular waveguide (1) is periodically bent into a tortuous waveguide structure along an electric field surface. A gradient metal ridge sheet (4) is loaded on the inner wall of the straight waveguide of each tortuous unit; and a circular through hole is formed in a middle axis symmetric line (2) on the waveguide wall and the metal ridge sheet along the slow wave structure, and the circular through holes of the straight waveguides of the two adjacent tortuous units are connected by adopting a metal pipe (3) with the same size as the apertures of the circular through holes to form an electron injection channel. When relatively high coupling impedance of the ridge loading tortuous waveguide slow wave line is kept, the standing wave coefficient of the ridge loading tortuous waveguide slow wave line can be reduced, and the transmission property of the slow wave line is improved; and the reflecting oscillation of a ridge loading tortuous waveguide traveling wave tube is inhibited, so that the ridge loading tortuous waveguide traveling wave tube has higher gain and efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to microwave vacuum electronic technology field, relate to travelling-wave tube amplifier part.
Background technology
Travelling wave tube has advantages of that other electron tubes such as broadband, high-gain and low noise are incomparable, has powerful vitality, at microwave frequency band, is widely used.Slow wave line, as the core component of travelling wave tube, directly affects the efficiency of note-Bo mutual effect and the technical merit of whole travelling wave tube.Helix and coupling cavity are two kinds of the most general slow wave lines of application in travelling wave tube.Helix TWT has very wide frequency band range, along with the development of technique and material, and manufacturing technology perfect, its power level is further improved.But because thermal capacity is little, dissipation capabilities is low, limited the raising of helix TWT power output.Particularly, when helix TWT is operated in millimeter wave and submillimeter region, further dwindling of transversary size causes its heat radiation more difficult, and power capacity is less.Coupled-cavity TWT is owing to adopting all-metal slow wave system, and its heat dispersion is obviously better than helix, and its power output has exceeded a magnitude than helix TWT, but bandwidth of operation is narrow, generally in 10% left and right.In addition, in millimere-wave band, spirality and coupled-cavity TWT are small-sized, and processing, assembly precision require high, and rate of finished products is low, and cost is high, has strengthened the difficulty further developing.Therefore, explore the important directions that novel all-metal slow wave line is current travelling wave tube development.
Winding waveguide slow wave line, as shown in Figure 1, be the novel all-metal slow wave line of a class, it is periodically bent to perpendicular type meander line or U-shaped meander line and forms along electric field face (the wide face of waveguide) by rectangular waveguide 1: in the position along Axisymmetric Distributed Line in slow wave structure 2 on wave guide wall opened round through hole; Then between each periodicity trough with straight angle of slow wave structure or two manholes of U-shaped groove, use the metal tube identical with manhole aperture size 3 to connect, form electron beam passage.Winding waveguide slow wave line longitudinally the plane of symmetry profile as shown in Figure 2.The features such as this structure has that power capacity is large, bandwidth performance is good, handling ease, energy coupling structure are simple.In addition,, owing to can adopting Micrometer-Nanometer Processing Technology manufacture, miniature winding waveguide travelling wave tube, at millimeter and terahertz wave band very potential radiation source that becomes a kind of high-power, broadband, miniaturization all, has good application prospect at broadband millimeter-wave communication field.Winding waveguide travelling wave tube has at home and abroad been subject to paying close attention to widely, this has been launched to a large amount of theories and experimental study.
But because winding waveguide slow wave system belongs to the system that first-harmonic is back ripple, the coupling impedance of this slow wave structure is lower, thereby gain and the electronic efficiency of winding waveguide travelling wave tube have been limited.In order to meet the requirement of high-gain, a kind of novel ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave structure is suggested (sees Chinese invention patent: a kind of ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave line, application number: 200910060067.3, publication number: CN 101651074A), as shown in Figure 3.Ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave line is that the straight wave guide section in winding waveguide slow wave structure adds rectangular metal ridge sheet 4, thereby plays the effect that increases note-Bo interaction region axial electric field, with this, improves coupling impedance.But because rectangular metal ridge sheet 4 has been introduced the inhomogeneities on propagation path, and there is no effective impedance matching, therefore larger standing-wave ratio and the high-frequency loss of slow wave line ubiquity of this structure, cause ridge loading winding waveguide travelling wave tube to have very large reflection vibration, limited to a certain extent the raising of power output and gain.
Summary of the invention
In order to reduce standing-wave ratio and the high-frequency loss of ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave line, suppress the reflection vibration of ridge loading winding waveguide travelling wave tube, keep higher coupling impedance simultaneously, the present invention proposes a kind of gradient ridge loading tortuous waveguide slow wave line.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of gradient ridge loading tortuous waveguide slow wave line, as shown in Figure 5, by the circular arc curved waveguide (or right-angle bending waveguide) in series of rectangular cross section and alternate being formed by connecting of the straight wave guide of same cross-sectional head and the tail, form U-shaped tortuous slow wave structure (or the tortuous slow wave structure of perpendicular type).Be equal to by rectangular waveguide (1) and periodically bend to U-shaped tortuous slow wave structure (or the tortuous slow wave structure of perpendicular type) along electric field face.Straight wave guide inwall in each tortuous unit is loaded with gradation type metal ridge sheet (4), and described gradation type metal ridge sheet thickness is extremely zero to surrounding gradual change by the fixed thickness of zone line.The gradual change form of gradation type metal ridge sheet (4) can be for linear pattern, circular arc type, notch cuttype and other continuous change type curves, as shown in Fig. 6 (a), (b), (c).Position along the middle Axisymmetric Distributed Line (2) of slow wave structure on straight wave guide wall and gradation type metal ridge sheet has manhole, between the manhole of the straight wave guide of adjacent two tortuous unit, adopt the metal tube (3) identical with manhole aperture size to connect, form electron beam passage.
The linear pattern gradual change ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave structure of take is example, its dimensional parameters as shown in Figure 7, Figure 8: a is waveguide broadside length, and b is Narrow Wall of Waveguide edge lengths, and L is the meander length of single winding waveguide periodic structure, the height that H is straight wave guide, r
0for the radius of electron beam passage, w is the width of gradation type metal ridge sheet, and d is the thickness of gradation type metal ridge sheet zone line, h
1for the straightway height of gradation type metal ridge sheet, h
2transition height for gradation type metal ridge sheet; H is the overall height of gradation type metal ridge sheet; The relative dimensions of gradation type metal ridge sheet meets: 2r
0< w≤a, 0 < d≤0.5b, 2r
0< h < H, h
1+ h
2=h.
Setting structure size (unit: mm): a=2, b=0.3, H=0.6, L=1.542, r
0=0.2, w=2, d=0.07, h
1=0.42, h
2=0.09, h=H=0.6.Utilize 3 D electromagnetic simulation software to carry out emulation to gradual change ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave structure provided by the invention, obtain its dispersion characteristics, coupling impedance, and with there is identical ridge sheet width w, the ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave structure of identical ridge sheet overall height h and identical ridge sheet thickness d (is shown in Chinese invention patent: a kind of ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave line, application number: 200910060067.3, publication number: CN 101651074A) relatively.Be beneficial to 3 D electromagnetic simulation software and respectively each 40 cycles of two kinds of slow wave structures simulated, obtain standing-wave ratio and the S parameter of two kinds of structures.Simulation result is as Fig. 9, Figure 10, and Figure 11, shown in Figure 12.Wherein, curve 5, curve 7, curve 9 and curve 11 are respectively dispersion characteristic curve, coupling impedance curve, standing-wave ratio curve and the S parameter curves of common ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave structure; Curve 6, curve 8, curve 10 and curve 12 are respectively dispersion characteristic curve, coupling impedance curve, standing-wave ratio curve and the S parameter curves of gradual change ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave structure provided by the invention.
From Fig. 9, curve 5 and curve 6 is more known: than common ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave structure, in quite wide frequency band (80～105GHz), all outline is high for the phase velocity of gradual change ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave structure provided by the present invention.And in the low-frequency range lower than 80GHz, the phase velocity of the two is basic identical.
From Figure 10, curve 7 and curve 8 is more known: than common ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave structure, gradual change ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave structure provided by the present invention all has slightly high coupling impedance value in whole frequency band.Illustrate that gradual change ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave structure can keep the advantage of the higher coupling impedance of original common ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave structure.
Relatively can significantly the finding out of curve 9 and curve 10 from Figure 11: than common ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave structure, gradual change ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave structure provided by the present invention has less standing-wave ratio, illustrate and reached the object of impedance matching adding of gradual change ridge, thereby effectively reduced the reflection of slow wave line, be conducive to the generation of inhibitory reflex vibration.
Relatively can significantly the finding out of curve 11 and curve 12 from Figure 12: than common ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave structure, gradual change ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave structure provided by the present invention has better transmission characteristic.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic perspective view of winding waveguide slow wave structure.
Fig. 2 is that winding waveguide slow wave structure is along the profile of y direction.
Fig. 3 is common ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of common ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave structure longitudinal section.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of gradual change ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave structure provided by the invention.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of linear pattern gradual change ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave structure provided by the invention longitudinal section.
Fig. 7 is the metal ridge sheet gradual change form schematic diagrames such as linear pattern provided by the invention (a), circular arc type (b) and notch cuttype (c).
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of gradual change ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave structure cross section provided by the invention.
Fig. 9 is the dispersion characteristics comparison diagram of common ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave structure and gradual change ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave structure.
Figure 10 is the coupling impedance comparison diagram of common ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave structure and gradual change ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave structure.
Figure 11 is the standing-wave ratio comparison diagram of common ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave structure and gradual change ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave structure.
Figure 12 is the S parameter comparison diagram of common ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave structure and gradual change ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave structure.
In above each figure: the 1st, rectangular waveguide, the 2nd, the middle Axisymmetric Distributed Line of slow wave structure, the 3rd, the metal tube of formation electron beam passage, the 4th, metal ridge sheet, curve 5, curve 7, curve 9 and curve 11 are dispersion characteristic curve, coupling impedance curve, standing-wave ratio curve and S parameter curves of common ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave structure; Curve 6, curve 8, curve 10 and curve 12 are dispersion characteristic curve, coupling impedance curve, standing-wave ratio curve and S parameter curves of gradual change ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave structure provided by the invention.
Embodiment
As Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, at 3mm wave band, the physical dimension of the concrete scheme of linear pattern gradient ridge loading tortuous waveguide slow wave line is as follows: (unit: mm) a=2, b=0.3, H=0.6, L=1.542, r
0=0.2, w=2, d=0.07, h
1=0.42, h
2=0.09, h=H=0.6.Utilize 3 D electromagnetic simulation software to carry out emulation to gradual change ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave structure provided by the invention, obtain its dispersion characteristics, coupling impedance, standing-wave ratio and high-frequency loss, and with there is identical ridge sheet width w, the ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave structure comparison of identical ridge sheet overall height h and identical ridge sheet thickness d.Be beneficial to 3 D electromagnetic simulation software and respectively each 40 cycles of two kinds of slow wave structures simulated, obtain standing-wave ratio and the S parameter of two kinds of structures.Simulation result is as Fig. 9, Figure 10, and Figure 11, shown in Figure 12.Wherein, curve 5, curve 7, curve 9 and curve 11 are respectively dispersion characteristic curve, coupling impedance curve, standing-wave ratio curve and the S parameter curves of common ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave structure; Curve 6, curve 8, curve 10 and curve 12 are respectively dispersion characteristic curve, coupling impedance curve, standing-wave ratio curve and the S parameter curves of gradual change ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave structure provided by the invention.
From Fig. 9, curve 5 and curve 6 is more known: than common ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave structure, in quite wide frequency band (80～105GHz), all outline is high for the phase velocity of gradual change ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave structure provided by the present invention.And in the low-frequency range lower than 80GHz, the phase velocity of the two is basic identical.
From Figure 10, curve 7 and curve 8 is more known: than common ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave structure, gradual change ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave structure provided by the present invention all has slightly high coupling impedance value in whole frequency band.Illustrate that gradual change ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave structure can keep the advantage of the higher coupling impedance of original common ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave structure.
Relatively can significantly the finding out of curve 9 and curve 10 from Figure 11: than common ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave structure, gradual change ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave structure provided by the present invention has less standing-wave ratio, illustrate and reached the object of impedance matching adding of gradual change ridge, thereby effectively reduced the reflection of slow wave line, be conducive to the generation of inhibitory reflex vibration.
Relatively can significantly the finding out of curve 11 and curve 12 from Figure 12: than common ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave structure, gradual change ridge loading winding waveguide slow wave structure provided by the present invention has better transmission characteristic.
Claims (2)
1. a gradient ridge loading tortuous waveguide slow wave line, by the circular arc curved waveguide in series of rectangular cross section and alternate being formed by connecting of the straight wave guide of same cross-sectional head and the tail, form U-shaped tortuous slow wave structure, be equal to by rectangular waveguide (1) and periodically bend to U-shaped tortuous slow wave structure along electric field face; It is characterized in that, straight wave guide inwall in each tortuous unit is loaded with gradation type metal ridge sheet (4), described gradation type metal ridge sheet thickness is extremely zero to surrounding gradual change by the fixed thickness of zone line, and gradual change form is the continuous change curve of linear pattern, circular arc type or notch cuttype; Position along the middle Axisymmetric Distributed Line (2) of slow wave structure on straight wave guide wall and gradation type metal ridge sheet has manhole, between the manhole of the straight wave guide of adjacent two tortuous unit, adopt the metal tube (3) identical with manhole aperture size to connect, form electron beam passage;
The relative dimensions of gradation type metal ridge sheet meets: 2r
0<w≤a, 0<d≤0.5b, 2r
0<h<H, h
1+ h
2=h; Wherein: a is waveguide broadside length, b is Narrow Wall of Waveguide edge lengths, and L is the meander length of single winding waveguide periodic structure, the height that H is straight wave guide, r
0for the radius of electron beam passage, w is the width of gradation type metal ridge sheet, and d is the thickness of gradation type metal ridge sheet zone line, h
1for the straightway height of gradation type metal ridge sheet, h
2transition height for gradation type metal ridge sheet; H is the overall height of gradation type metal ridge sheet.
2. a gradient ridge loading tortuous waveguide slow wave line, by the right-angle bending waveguide in series of rectangular cross section and alternate being formed by connecting of the straight wave guide of same cross-sectional head and the tail, form the tortuous slow wave structure of perpendicular type, be equal to by rectangular waveguide (1) and periodically bend to the tortuous slow wave structure of perpendicular type along electric field face; It is characterized in that, straight wave guide inwall in each tortuous unit is loaded with gradation type metal ridge sheet (4), described gradation type metal ridge sheet thickness is extremely zero to surrounding gradual change by the fixed thickness of zone line, and gradual change form is the continuous change curve of linear pattern, circular arc type or notch cuttype; Position along the middle Axisymmetric Distributed Line (2) of slow wave structure on straight wave guide wall and gradation type metal ridge sheet has manhole, between the manhole of the straight wave guide of adjacent two tortuous unit, adopt the metal tube (3) identical with manhole aperture size to connect, form electron beam passage;
The relative dimensions of gradation type metal ridge sheet meets: 2r
0<w≤a, 0<d≤0.5b, 2r
0<h<H, h
1+ h
2=h; Wherein: a is waveguide broadside length, b is Narrow Wall of Waveguide edge lengths, and L is the meander length of single winding waveguide periodic structure, the height that H is straight wave guide, r
0for the radius of electron beam passage, w is the width of gradation type metal ridge sheet, and d is the thickness of gradation type metal ridge sheet zone line, h
1for the straightway height of gradation type metal ridge sheet, h
2transition height for gradation type metal ridge sheet; H is the overall height of gradation type metal ridge sheet.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110306398.8A CN102339708B (en) | 2011-10-11 | 2011-10-11 | Gradient ridge loading tortuous waveguide slow wave line |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110306398.8A CN102339708B (en) | 2011-10-11 | 2011-10-11 | Gradient ridge loading tortuous waveguide slow wave line |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102339708A CN102339708A (en) | 2012-02-01 |
| CN102339708B true CN102339708B (en) | 2014-10-15 |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102915898B (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2014-12-24 | 电子科技大学 | Zigzag waveguide slow-wave line |
| CN103854939B (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2016-05-25 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十二研究所 | A kind of arc-shaped bend floding at boundary waveguide slow-wave structure |
| CN107833815B (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2019-05-28 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of band-like slow wave system of Plane Angle logarithm complications |
| CN109494142B (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2021-04-30 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Magnetic insulated wire oscillator with ridge loading blade structure |
| CN115083866A (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2022-09-20 | 电子科技大学 | Sinusoidal zigzag waveguide slow wave component and traveling wave tube |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4333038A (en) * | 1980-04-07 | 1982-06-01 | Nippon Electric Co., Ltd. | Traveling wave tube devices |
| US4414486A (en) * | 1980-07-09 | 1983-11-08 | Nippon Electric Co., Ltd. | Coupled cavity type traveling wave tube |
| US7023302B2 (en) * | 2004-01-14 | 2006-04-04 | Northrop Grumman Corporation | Slow-wave structure for ridge waveguide |
| CN101572205A (en) * | 2009-06-10 | 2009-11-04 | 电子科技大学 | Zigzag slow-wave line of double ridged waveguide |
| CN202352608U (en) * | 2011-10-11 | 2012-07-25 | 电子科技大学 | Tapered ridge loading serpentine waveguide slow-wave line |
-
2011
- 2011-10-11 CN CN201110306398.8A patent/CN102339708B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4333038A (en) * | 1980-04-07 | 1982-06-01 | Nippon Electric Co., Ltd. | Traveling wave tube devices |
| US4414486A (en) * | 1980-07-09 | 1983-11-08 | Nippon Electric Co., Ltd. | Coupled cavity type traveling wave tube |
| US7023302B2 (en) * | 2004-01-14 | 2006-04-04 | Northrop Grumman Corporation | Slow-wave structure for ridge waveguide |
| CN101572205A (en) * | 2009-06-10 | 2009-11-04 | 电子科技大学 | Zigzag slow-wave line of double ridged waveguide |
| CN202352608U (en) * | 2011-10-11 | 2012-07-25 | 电子科技大学 | Tapered ridge loading serpentine waveguide slow-wave line |
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