CN103468887A - Heat treatment method of alloy steel after forging - Google Patents
Heat treatment method of alloy steel after forging Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a heat treatment method of alloy steel after forging. The method comprises the steps of forming a decarburization-preventing and oxidation-resistant protective layer on a surface of an alloy steel workpiece; and then carrying out isothermal annealing on a to-be-treated alloy steel workpiece with the decarburization-preventing and oxidation-resistant protective layer. The heat treatment method of the alloy steel after forging can effectively prevent the surface of the to-be-treated alloy steel workpiece from decarburization and oxidation and shorten a heating period, thereby being beneficial to improve comprehensive mechanical performance of the to-be-treated alloy steel workpiece.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of thermal treatment process, especially a kind of heat treatment method after forging of steel alloy.
Background technology
The 34CrNi3Mo steel alloy is to apply one of high strength alloy steel very widely in machine industry, its comprehensive mechanical performance is better, there is good plasticity, toughness, wear resistance, solidity to corrosion and certain heat impedance, higher temper resistance and wider tempering range, and good cold and hot working performance.Therefore, the 34CrNi3Mo steel alloy is mainly used in the component such as gear shaft, and is specially adapted to the important forging of large section, high loading and the load that withstands shocks.
The making method of traditional gear shaft comprises heat treatment step, mechanical workout operation and the modifier treatment operation etc. after forging manufacturing procedure, forging.But, in actual production process, traditional postheat treatment operation of forging is normally directly packed workpiece in annealing furnace and is carried out common annealing, and the heat treatment cycle due to workpiece in annealing furnace is longer, easily cause the workpiece surface oxidation and decarbonization, thereby affect the effect of follow-up modifier treatment operation.For example, traditional forge postheat treatment technique and may cause the hardness of workpiece higher, thereby the mechanical property of workpiece is produced to certain impact, can't meet the technical requirements of the use of workpiece.In addition, in traditional modifier treatment operation, normally adopt the mode of oil cooling to carry out tempering cooling, also be unfavorable for reducing the unrelieved stress of workpiece, thereby have influence on the comprehensive mechanical performance of workpiece.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, a kind of heat treatment method after forging of steel alloy is provided, decarburization and oxidation occur in its surface that can effectively prevent pending alloyed steel work-piece, and can effectively shorten the heat treatment cycle of pending alloyed steel work-piece, and then be conducive to improve the comprehensive mechanical performance of pending alloyed steel work-piece.
It is to adopt following technical scheme to realize that the present invention solves its technical problem.
A kind of heat treatment method after forging of steel alloy, it is first on pending alloyed steel work-piece surface, to form anti-decarburization protection against oxidation layer, the more pending alloyed steel work-piece with anti-decarburization protection against oxidation layer is carried out to the isothermal annealing step.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows; the heat treatment method after forging of steel alloy of the present invention, at the anti-decarburization protection against oxidation layer of pending alloyed steel work-piece surface coated, can effectively prevent that the surface of pending alloyed steel work-piece from decarburization and oxidation occurring in follow-up annealing steps.In addition; the heat treatment method after forging of steel alloy of the present invention carries out the isothermal annealing step by the pending alloyed steel work-piece to having anti-decarburization protection against oxidation layer; can effectively shorten the heat treatment cycle of pending alloyed steel work-piece; therefore, be conducive to improve the comprehensive mechanical performance of pending alloyed steel work-piece.The hardness of the workpiece of particularly, processing by the heat treatment method after forging of steel alloy of the present invention can meet the technical requirements of the use of workpiece preferably.
Above-mentioned explanation is only the general introduction of technical solution of the present invention, in order to better understand technique means of the present invention, and can be implemented according to the content of specification sheets, and for above and other objects of the present invention, feature and advantage can be become apparent, below especially exemplified by embodiment, be described in detail as follows.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schema of heat treatment method after forging of the steel alloy of one embodiment of the invention.
110: the anti-decarburization protection against oxidation layer step 120 of coating: isothermal annealing step
130: modifier treatment step 132: the quenching step
134: the high tempering step
Embodiment
Reach for further setting forth the present invention technique means and the effect that predetermined goal of the invention is taked, below in conjunction with preferred embodiment, embodiment, feature and the effect thereof of the heat treatment method after forging of the steel alloy that foundation the present invention is proposed, be described in detail as follows.Relevant aforementioned and other technology contents of the present invention, Characteristic can be known and present in the following detailed description coordinated with reference to graphic preferred embodiment.By the explanation of embodiment, when being to reach technique means and the effect that predetermined purpose takes to be able to more deeply and concrete understanding to the present invention, not be used for the present invention is limited.
Fig. 1 is the schema of heat treatment method after forging of the steel alloy of one embodiment of the invention.In the present embodiment, be that to utilize the pending alloyed steel work-piece of 34CrNi3Mo steel alloy blank material after a series of forging procedure of processing is made forging be for example gear shaft.The Contents of Main Components of 34CrNi3Mo steel alloy comprises the chromium (Cr) of mass percent 0.70%～1.10%, 2.75%～3.25% nickel (Ni), 0.25%～0.40% molybdenum (Mo), 0.30%～0.40% carbon (C) etc.
Refer to Fig. 1, the heat treatment method after forging of the steel alloy of the present embodiment, formed anti-decarburization protection against oxidation layer step 110 on the surface of pending alloyed steel work-piece.In the present embodiment; forming anti-decarburization protection against oxidation layer step 110 is to adopt Graphite Powder 99 and oil to stir the formation mashed prod; preferably; Graphite Powder 99 and machinery oil are stirred to the formation mashed prod, and the whole surface that then mashed prod is uniformly coated on to pending alloyed steel work-piece forms anti-decarburization protection against oxidation layer.The thickness of anti-decarburization protection against oxidation layer should seal the surface of pending alloyed steel work-piece fully, and makes the surface of pending alloyed steel work-piece not be exposed and be advisable in follow-up heat treatment step.In the present embodiment, the anti-decarburization protection against oxidation layer for example formation thickness of graphite oil pasty state coating is about the 0.2-0.5 millimeter.In addition, it is worth mentioning that, Graphite Powder 99 and oily blending ratio are not particularly limited, if Graphite Powder 99 can be fully and oil be mixed to form uniform pasty state.Because the surface of the alloyed steel work-piece pending has formed for example graphite oil pasty state coating in the present embodiment of anti-decarburization protection against oxidation layer; this graphite oil pasty state coating can effectively stop the surface of pending alloyed steel work-piece to contact with the oxygen in the subsequent heat treatment operation, therefore can effectively prevent that the surface of pending alloyed steel work-piece from decarburization and oxidation occurring in follow-up heat treatment step.Certainly, anti-decarburization protection against oxidation layer is not limited to the graphite oil pasty state coating in the present embodiment, and other suitable anti-decarburization protection against oxidation layer is also applicable to the surface that is formed on pending alloyed steel work-piece.
After forming anti-decarburization protection against oxidation layer step 110, the pending alloyed steel work-piece with anti-decarburization protection against oxidation layer is carried out to isothermal annealing step 120.Isothermal annealing refers to after the workpiece heat tracing, starts to form austenitic temperature so that speed of cooling is chilled to the Ac1(heating faster) following some temperature insulation for some time, making Isothermal Decomposition of Austenite is perlite.In other words, after isothermal annealing refers to workpiece is heated to certain temperature, make it cooling fast in the environment of a lesser temps, be incubated again after being cooled to this lower temperature.In the present embodiment, isothermal annealing step 120 is that the pending alloyed steel work-piece that at first will have an anti-decarburization protection against oxidation layer is heated to 600～650 ℃ and is incubated, afterwards, fast cooling pending alloyed steel work-piece to 280～320 ℃ is incubated, then pending alloyed steel work-piece being heated to 650～670 ℃ is incubated, and continuation heating pending alloyed steel work-piece to 870～890 ℃ are incubated, fast cooling pending alloyed steel work-piece to 280～320 ℃ is incubated afterwards, and then pending alloyed steel work-piece is heated to 640～660 ℃ is incubated, in stove, be cooled to subsequently below 400 ℃ and the air cooling of coming out of the stove.The soaking time that it should be noted that each temperature in isothermal annealing step 120 is not particularly limited, and it can be determined according to size and the batch of pending alloyed steel work-piece, as long as soaking time can guarantee pending alloyed steel work-piece heat penetration.And quick cooling pending alloyed steel work-piece to 280～320 ℃ of times that are incubated are answered proper extension, preferably more than 5 hours.Owing to adopting isothermal annealing step 110, cool fast and can effectively shorten the heat treatment cycle of pending alloyed steel work-piece to a certain extent, thereby be conducive to improve the comprehensive mechanical performance of pending alloyed steel work-piece.
It is worth mentioning that; anti-decarburization protection against oxidation layer in the present embodiment for example graphite oil pasty state coating in the present embodiment can effectively stop the surface of pending alloyed steel work-piece to contact with the oxygen in annealing furnace in through isothermal annealing step 120, so can effectively prevent that the surface of pending alloyed steel work-piece from decarburization and oxidation occurring in follow-up isothermal annealing step 120.But, the anti-decarburization protection against oxidation layer for example part on the top layer of graphite oil pasty state coating may be oxidized falls, but major part still can be coated on the surface of pending alloyed steel work-piece.Then; can carry out a series of machining steps to the pending alloyed steel work-piece through isothermal annealing step 120; mach step 1 aspect is to make the pending alloyed steel work-piece molding structure that further becomes more meticulous, and also can easily the anti-decarburization protection against oxidation layer on pending alloyed steel work-piece surface be removed on the other hand.
Subsequently, the pending alloyed steel work-piece through machining steps can directly carry out modifier treatment step 130.In the present embodiment, modifier treatment step 130 comprises quenching step 132 and high tempering step 134.The quenching temperature of quenching step 132 is 850～890 ℃.The soaking time that it should be noted that quenching step 132 is not particularly limited, and it can be determined according to size and the batch of pending alloyed steel work-piece, as long as soaking time can guarantee pending alloyed steel work-piece heat penetration.High tempering step 140 is that the pending alloyed steel work-piece through quenching step 132 is carried out, tempering temperature is 550～650 ℃, the soaking time of high tempering step 140 also can be determined according to size and the batch of pending alloyed steel work-piece, as long as soaking time can guarantee pending alloyed steel work-piece heat penetration, the rear air cooling of afterwards pending alloyed steel work-piece being come out of the stove.Preferably, the soaking time of high tempering step 134 is approximately 2 times of soaking time of quenching step 132.High tempering step 134 adopts the tempering type of cooling of air cooling, is conducive to reduce the internal stress of workpiece, and makes unrelieved stress be reduced to minimum value, thereby be conducive to improve the comprehensive mechanical performance of pending alloyed steel work-piece.
Make one and carry, the heat treatment method after forging that oozes Jin Gang of the present embodiment is not only applicable to the 34CrNi3Mo steel alloy, and is applicable to other steel alloy close with the 34CrNi3Mo performance, such as 35CrMo steel alloy or 35CrNiMo steel alloy etc.
In sum, the heat treatment method after forging of the steel alloy of the present embodiment, at the anti-decarburization protection against oxidation layer of pending alloyed steel work-piece surface coated, can effectively prevent that the surface of pending alloyed steel work-piece from decarburization and oxidation occurring in follow-up annealing steps.In addition, the heat treatment method after forging of the steel alloy of the present embodiment carries out the isothermal annealing step by this pending alloyed steel work-piece to having this anti-decarburization protection against oxidation layer, can effectively shorten the heating period of pending alloyed steel work-piece.In addition, the high tempering step of the heat treatment method after forging of the steel alloy of the present embodiment adopts the tempering type of cooling of air cooling, is conducive to reduce the internal stress of workpiece, and makes unrelieved stress be reduced to minimum value.Therefore, the heat treatment method after forging of the steel alloy of the present embodiment can effectively improve the impact value of workpiece, reduces hardness value, reduces unrelieved stress, thereby is conducive to improve the comprehensive mechanical performance of workpiece.
The above, only embodiments of the invention, not the present invention is done to any pro forma restriction, although the present invention discloses as above with embodiment, yet not in order to limit the present invention, any those skilled in the art, within not breaking away from the technical solution of the present invention scope, when the technology contents that can utilize above-mentioned announcement is made a little change or is modified to the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations, in every case be not break away from the technical solution of the present invention content, any simple modification of above embodiment being done according to technical spirit of the present invention, equivalent variations and modification, all still belong in the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the heat treatment method after forging of a steel alloy, is characterized in that, it comprises:
Form anti-decarburization protection against oxidation layer on pending alloyed steel work-piece surface; And
This pending alloyed steel work-piece with this anti-decarburization protection against oxidation layer is carried out to the isothermal annealing step.
2. the heat treatment method after forging of steel alloy as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the material of this steel alloy is 34CrNi3Mo, 35CrMo or 35CrNiMo.
3. the heat treatment method after forging of steel alloy as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, this anti-decarburization protection against oxidation layer comprises Graphite Powder 99 and oil.
4. the heat treatment method after forging of steel alloy as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the thickness range of this anti-decarburization protection against oxidation layer is 0.2～0.5 millimeter.
5. the heat treatment method after forging of steel alloy as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, this isothermal annealing steps is at first this pending alloyed steel work-piece to be heated to 600～650 ℃ be incubated, be quickly cooled to afterwards 280～320 ℃ to be incubated, then again this pending alloyed steel work-piece being heated to 650～670 ℃ is incubated, and continue to be heated to 870～890 ℃ and be incubated, be quickly cooled to afterwards 280～320 ℃ to be incubated, and then this pending alloyed steel work-piece is heated to 640～660 ℃ is incubated, in stove, be cooled to subsequently below 400 ℃ and the air cooling of coming out of the stove.
6. the heat treatment method after forging of steel alloy as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, after this isothermal annealing steps, more comprises this pending alloyed steel work-piece is carried out to the modifier treatment step.
7. the heat treatment method after forging of steel alloy as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, this modifier treatment step comprises quenching step and high tempering step.
8. the heat treatment method after forging of steel alloy as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, the quenching temperature of this quenching step is 850～890 ℃.
9. the heat treatment method after forging of steel alloy as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, the tempering temperature of this high tempering step is 550-650 ℃.
10. the heat treatment method after forging of steel alloy as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, the tempering type of cooling of this high tempering step is air cooling.
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| CN114317897A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-04-12 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Pre-heat treatment process for super-strong high-toughness carburizing steel bar and forging |
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| CN105132649A (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2015-12-09 | 济南昊泽环保科技有限公司 | Oxidation and decarbonization preventing coating |
| CN105821181A (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-08-03 | 西南石油大学 | Novel metal heat treatment method |
| CN105821181B (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2018-08-07 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of heat treatment method of metal |
| CN108411074A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-08-17 | 攀钢集团江油长城特殊钢有限公司 | A kind of manufacturing method of quenched homogeneous target |
| CN108411074B (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2019-11-01 | 攀钢集团江油长城特殊钢有限公司 | A kind of manufacturing method of quenched homogeneous target |
| CN108747221A (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-11-06 | 河北工业大学 | It is a kind of for abrasion research to mill method of processing parts |
| CN111485074A (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-08-04 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | Heating temperature-control type slow cooling dehydrogenation method for alloy steel casting blank |
| CN111485074B (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2022-02-25 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | Heating temperature-control type slow cooling dehydrogenation method for alloy steel casting blank |
| CN114317897A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-04-12 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Pre-heat treatment process for super-strong high-toughness carburizing steel bar and forging |
| CN114317897B (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2024-05-24 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Preliminary heat treatment process for super-strong high-toughness carburizing steel bar and forging |
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