CN103468887B - The heat treatment method after forging of steel alloy - Google Patents
The heat treatment method after forging of steel alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN103468887B CN103468887B CN201310333186.8A CN201310333186A CN103468887B CN 103468887 B CN103468887 B CN 103468887B CN 201310333186 A CN201310333186 A CN 201310333186A CN 103468887 B CN103468887 B CN 103468887B
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Abstract
The heat treatment method after forging of steel alloy, anti-decarburization protection against oxidation layer is formed on pending alloyed steel work-piece surface, then carries out isothermal annealing step to the pending alloyed steel work-piece with anti-decarburization protection against oxidation layer.There is decarburization and oxidation in the surface that the heat treatment method after forging of this steel alloy can effectively prevent pending alloyed steel work-piece, and shorten heating cycle, and then be conducive to improving the comprehensive mechanical performance of pending alloyed steel work-piece.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Technology for Heating Processing, especially a kind of heat treatment method after forging of steel alloy.
Background technology
34CrNi3Mo steel alloys are using one of quite varied high strength alloy steel, its synthesis in machine industry
Better mechanical property, with good plasticity, toughness, wearability, corrosion resistance and certain heat resistance, temper resistance higher
With tempering range wider, and good cold and hot working performance.Therefore, 34CrNi3Mo steel alloys are mainly used in gear
The parts such as axle, and it is particularly well-suited to heavy in section, high load capacity and the important forging of the load that withstands shocks.
The preparation method of traditional gear shaft includes heat treatment step, the machining operation after forging manufacturing procedure, forging
And modifier treatment operation etc..But, in actual production process, traditional rear heat treatment step of forging is typically that workpiece is direct
Being fitted into annealing furnace carries out common annealing, because workpiece heat treatment cycle in the lehr is more long, is easily caused workpiece surface
Oxidation and decarbonization, so as to influence the effect of follow-up modifier treatment operation.Forge rear Technology for Heating Processing and may cause workpiece for example, traditional
Hardness it is higher, so as to produce certain influence to the mechanical property of workpiece, it is impossible to meet the technical requirements for using of workpiece.This
Outward, the mode that oil cooling is typically with traditional modifier treatment operation carries out tempering cooling, is also unfavorable for reducing the residual of workpiece
Residue stress, so as to have influence on the comprehensive mechanical performance of workpiece.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of heat treatment method after forging of steel alloy, it can effectively prevent pending conjunction
Surface generation decarburization and the oxidation of golden steel workpiece, and can effectively shorten the heat treatment cycle of pending alloyed steel work-piece, Jin Eryou
Beneficial to the comprehensive mechanical performance for improving pending alloyed steel work-piece.
The present invention solves its technical problem to be realized using following technical scheme.
A kind of heat treatment method after forging of steel alloy, it is first to form anti-decarburization oxygen on pending alloyed steel work-piece surface
Change protective layer, then isothermal annealing step is carried out to the pending alloyed steel work-piece with anti-decarburization protection against oxidation layer.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows the heat treatment method after forging of steel alloy of the invention is in pending alloyed steel work-piece
Surface is coated with anti-decarburization protection against oxidation layer, can effectively prevent the surface of pending alloyed steel work-piece in follow-up annealing steps
It is middle that decarburization and oxidation occur.Additionally, the heat treatment method after forging of steel alloy of the invention is by the anti-oxidation guarantor of anti-decarburization
The pending alloyed steel work-piece of sheath carries out isothermal annealing step, can effectively shorten the heat treatment week of pending alloyed steel work-piece
Phase, therefore, be conducive to improving the comprehensive mechanical performance of pending alloyed steel work-piece.Particularly, by steel alloy of the invention
The hardness of the workpiece of heat treatment method after forging treatment can preferably meet the technical requirements for using of workpiece.
Described above is only the general introduction of technical solution of the present invention, in order to better understand technological means of the invention,
And can be practiced according to the content of specification, and in order to allow the above and other objects of the present invention, feature and advantage can
Become apparent, below especially exemplified by embodiment, describe in detail as follows.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the heat treatment method after forging of the steel alloy of one embodiment of the invention.
110：It is coated with anti-decarburization protection against oxidation layer step 120：Isothermal annealing step
130：Modifier treatment step 132：Quenching Step
134：High tempering step
Specific embodiment
Further to illustrate the present invention to reach technological means and effect that predetermined goal of the invention is taken, below in conjunction with
Preferred embodiment, specific embodiment, feature and its work(to the heat treatment method after forging according to steel alloy proposed by the present invention
Effect, describes in detail as follows.For the present invention foregoing and other technology contents, feature and effect, schema is referred in following cooperation
Preferred embodiment detailed description in can clearly appear from.By the explanation of specific embodiment, when can be to the present invention up to
The technological means and effect taken into predetermined purpose be able to more deeply and it is specific understand, not for being subject to the present invention
Limitation.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the heat treatment method after forging of the steel alloy of one embodiment of the invention.In the present embodiment, it is profit
With pending alloyed steel work-piece of the 34CrNi3Mo steel alloys blank material after a series of forging procedure of processing is made forging
E.g. gear shaft.The Contents of Main Components of 34CrNi3Mo steel alloys includes the chromium of mass percent 0.70%~1.10%（Cr）,
2.75%~3.25% nickel（Ni）, 0.25%~0.40% molybdenum（Mo）, 0.30%~0.40% carbon（C）Deng.
Fig. 1 is referred to, the heat treatment method after forging of the steel alloy of the present embodiment is in pending alloyed steel work-piece first
Surface to be formed anti-decarburization protection against oxidation layer step 110.In the present embodiment, anti-decarburization protection against oxidation layer step is formed
Rapid 110 is to stir to form pastel using graphite powder and oil, it is preferable that graphite powder is sufficiently stirred for machinery oil
Pastel is formed uniformly, the whole surface that pastel is uniformly coated on pending alloyed steel work-piece then is formed into anti-decarburization prevents
Oxide protective layer.The thickness of anti-decarburization protection against oxidation layer should be fully sealed the surface of pending alloyed steel work-piece, and cause
The surface of pending alloyed steel work-piece is not exposed out and is advisable in follow-up heat treatment step.In the present embodiment, anti-decarburization
The formation thickness of protection against oxidation layer such as graphite oil pasty state coating is about 0.2-0.5 millimeters.Additionally, it is noted that stone
Ink powder is not particularly limited with the mixed proportion of oil, as long as graphite powder can fully be mixed to form uniform pasty state with oil.By
Graphite oil paste in anti-decarburization protection against oxidation layer such as the present embodiment is formd on the surface of pending alloyed steel work-piece
Shape coating, this graphite oil pasty state coating can be prevented effectively in surface and the subsequent heat treatment operation of pending alloyed steel work-piece
Oxygen is contacted, therefore can effectively prevent the surface of pending alloyed steel work-piece from decarburization and oxygen occurring in follow-up heat treatment step
Change.Certainly, anti-decarburization protection against oxidation layer is not limited to the graphite oil pasty state coating in the present embodiment, other suitable anticreeps
Carbon protection against oxidation layer is equally applicable to the surface of the alloyed steel work-piece for being formed in pending.
After anti-decarburization protection against oxidation layer step 110 is formed, to the pending of anti-decarburization protection against oxidation layer
Alloyed steel work-piece carries out isothermal annealing step 120.Isothermal annealing refers to after workpiece heat is incubated, cold with cooling velocity faster
To Ac1（The temperature of austenite is initially formed during heating）Some temperature for a period of time, makes Isothermal Decomposition of Austenite below
It is pearlite.In other words, after isothermal annealing refers to by workpiece heat to uniform temperature, it is made in a ring for lower temperature
Quickly cooled down in border, be incubated again after being cooled to this relatively low temperature.In the present embodiment, isothermal annealing step 120 is first
Pending alloyed steel work-piece with anti-decarburization protection against oxidation layer is heated into 600~650 DEG C to be incubated, afterwards, quickly
Cool down pending alloyed steel work-piece and be incubated to 280~320 DEG C, pending alloyed steel work-piece is then heated to 650~670
DEG C it is incubated, and is continued to heat pending alloyed steel work-piece and be incubated to 870~890 DEG C, is quickly cooled down afterwards pending
Alloyed steel work-piece is incubated to 280~320 DEG C, and pending alloyed steel work-piece then is heated into 640~660 DEG C again is carried out
Insulation, is then cooled to less than 400 DEG C and air cooling of coming out of the stove in stove.It should be noted that each in isothermal annealing step 120
The soaking time of individual temperature is not particularly limited, depending on it can be according to the size of pending alloyed steel work-piece and batch, as long as protecting
The warm time can guarantee that pending alloyed steel work-piece heat penetration.And quickly cool down pending alloyed steel work-piece and enter to 280~320 DEG C
The time of row insulation answers proper extension, it is preferred that more than 5 hours.Due to using isothermal annealing step 110, quickly cooling
Cooling can effectively shorten the heat treatment cycle of pending alloyed steel work-piece to a certain extent, so as to be conducive to improving pending conjunction
The comprehensive mechanical performance of golden steel workpiece.
It is noted that in the present embodiment anti-decarburization protection against oxidation layer such as the present embodiment in graphite oil pasty state
Coating can effectively prevent the oxygen in the surface and annealing furnace of pending alloyed steel work-piece in by isothermal annealing step 120
Contact, thus can effectively prevent pending alloyed steel work-piece surface occurs in follow-up isothermal annealing step 120 decarburization with
Oxidation.But, the part on the anti-decarburization protection against oxidation layer such as top layer of graphite oil pasty state coating may be oxidized, but
It is most of surface that can be still coated on pending alloyed steel work-piece.Then, to the pending conjunction by isothermal annealing step 120
Golden steel workpiece can carry out a series of machining steps, and on the one hand mach step is so that pending alloyed steel work-piece enters one
The molding structure that becomes more meticulous is walked, on the other hand also can easily by the anti-decarburization protection against oxidation layer on pending alloyed steel work-piece surface
Removal.
Then, modifier treatment step 130 can directly be carried out by the pending alloyed steel work-piece of machining steps.This implementation
In example, modifier treatment step 130 includes quenching Step 132 and high tempering step 134.The hardening heat of quenching Step 132 is
850~890 DEG C.It should be noted that the soaking time of quenching Step 132 is not particularly limited, it can be according to pending alloy
Depending on the size and batch of steel workpiece, as long as soaking time can guarantee that pending alloyed steel work-piece heat penetration.High tempering
Step 140 is that the pending alloyed steel work-piece by quenching Step 132 is carried out, and temperature is 550~650 DEG C, high temperature
Depending on the soaking time of tempering step 140 is also dependent on the size and batch of pending alloyed steel work-piece, as long as soaking time
Can guarantee that pending alloyed steel work-piece heat penetration, air cooling after pending alloyed steel work-piece is come out of the stove afterwards.It is preferred that high temperature
The soaking time of tempering step 134 is approximately 2 times of the soaking time of quenching Step 132.High tempering step 134 is using air cooling
The tempering type of cooling, advantageously reduces the internal stress of workpiece, and residual stress is reduced to minimum value, so as to be conducive to improvement to treat
Process the comprehensive mechanical performance of alloyed steel work-piece.
It is obtained one and is mentioned that the heat treatment method after forging for oozing Jin Gang of the present embodiment is applicable not only to 34CrNi3Mo alloys
Steel, and other steel alloys with 34CrNi3Mo similar natures are also applied for, such as 35CrMo steel alloys or 35CrNiMo alloys
Steel etc..
In sum, the heat treatment method after forging of the steel alloy of the present embodiment is in the coating of pending alloyed steel work-piece surface
Anti- decarburization protection against oxidation layer, the surface that can effectively prevent pending alloyed steel work-piece occurs to take off in follow-up annealing steps
Carbon and oxidation.Additionally, the heat treatment method after forging of the steel alloy of the present embodiment is by the anti-decarburization protection against oxidation layer
The pending alloyed steel work-piece carry out isothermal annealing step, can effectively shorten the heating cycle of pending alloyed steel work-piece.Separately
Outward, the high tempering step of the heat treatment method after forging of the steel alloy of the present embodiment uses the tempering type of cooling of air cooling, favorably
In the internal stress of reduction workpiece, and residual stress is set to be reduced to minimum value.Therefore, the heat treatment after forging of the steel alloy of the present embodiment
Method can be effectively improved the impact value of workpiece, reduce hardness number, reduce residual stress, so as to be conducive to improving the integrated machine of workpiece
Tool performance.
The above, is only embodiments of the invention, and any formal limitation is not made to the present invention, although this
Invention is disclosed above with embodiment, but is not limited to the present invention, any those skilled in the art, is not taking off
In the range of technical solution of the present invention, when making a little change using the technology contents of the disclosure above or be modified to equivalent variations
Equivalent embodiments, as long as being without departing from technical solution of the present invention content, according to technical spirit of the invention to above example
Any simple modification, equivalent variations and the modification made, still fall within the range of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of heat treatment method after forging of steel alloy, it is characterised in that it includes：
Anti- decarburization protection against oxidation layer is formed on pending alloyed steel work-piece surface；And
Isothermal annealing step is carried out to the pending alloyed steel work-piece with the anti-decarburization protection against oxidation layer, the isothermal annealing
Step is that the pending alloyed steel work-piece is heated into 600~650 DEG C first to be incubated, and 280~320 are quickly cooled to afterwards
DEG C it is incubated, the pending alloyed steel work-piece then is heated into 650~670 DEG C again is incubated, and continues to be heated to 870
~890 DEG C are incubated, and 280~320 DEG C are quickly cooled to afterwards and are incubated, then again by the pending alloyed steel work-piece
It is heated to 640~660 DEG C to be incubated, less than 400 DEG C and air cooling of coming out of the stove then is cooled in stove；
Modifier treatment step is carried out to the pending alloyed steel work-piece, the modifier treatment step includes that quenching Step and high temperature are returned
Fiery step, the hardening heat of the quenching Step is 850~890 DEG C, and the temperature of the high tempering step is 550-650 DEG C,
The tempering cooling of the Hou Jin rows high tempering steps, the wherein The tempering types of cooling are air coolings.
2. the heat treatment method after forging of steel alloy as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the material of the steel alloy is
34CrNi3Mo, 35CrMo or 35CrNiMo.
3. the heat treatment method after forging of steel alloy as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that anti-decarburization protection against oxidation layer
Including graphite powder and oil.
4. the heat treatment method after forging of steel alloy as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that anti-decarburization protection against oxidation layer
Thickness range be 0.2~0.5 millimeter.
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103951450B (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2016-01-20 | 常州市润源经编机械有限公司 | A kind of for the heat treated fixing cream of metal works |
| CN104087737A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2014-10-08 | 贵州安大航空锻造有限责任公司 | Heat treatment method of long-shaft forging made of steel 34CrNi3Mo |
| DE102014110564B4 (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2016-12-22 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Method for producing a profile and a production line for producing a profile |
| CN105132649A (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2015-12-09 | 济南昊泽环保科技有限公司 | Oxidation and decarbonization preventing coating |
| CN105821181B (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2018-08-07 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of heat treatment method of metal |
| CN108411074B (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2019-11-01 | 攀钢集团江油长城特殊钢有限公司 | A kind of manufacturing method of quenched homogeneous target |
| CN108747221A (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-11-06 | 河北工业大学 | It is a kind of for abrasion research to mill method of processing parts |
| CN111485074B (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2022-02-25 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | Heating temperature-control type slow cooling dehydrogenation method for alloy steel casting blank |
| CN114317897A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-04-12 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Pre-heat treatment process for super-strong high-toughness carburizing steel bar and forging |
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