JP3820974B2 - Heat treatment method and heat treatment apparatus for steel - Google Patents

Heat treatment method and heat treatment apparatus for steel Download PDF

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JP3820974B2
JP3820974B2 JP2001369723A JP2001369723A JP3820974B2 JP 3820974 B2 JP3820974 B2 JP 3820974B2 JP 2001369723 A JP2001369723 A JP 2001369723A JP 2001369723 A JP2001369723 A JP 2001369723A JP 3820974 B2 JP3820974 B2 JP 3820974B2
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heating
heat treatment
steel material
steel
surface layer
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JP2002235112A (en
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善道 日野
晃夫 藤林
章 多賀根
宏 関根
厚 渡辺
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JFE Steel Corp
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JFE Steel Corp
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、熱間圧延完了後の鋼材の熱処理方法および熱処理装置に関し、特に圧延ライン上に熱処理装置を配置したインライン熱処理技術に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
鋼材は、一般に熱処理を行うことにより、目的とする材質を確保することが多い。熱処理としては、高温から急冷する焼入れと、焼入後の鋼材を種々の温度に加熱する焼戻しからなる調質処理が一般的である。また、焼入れ時の急冷等により、鋼材は製造過程で材質の不均一を生じるため、熱処理によって均一化を図る必要がある。これまでは、燃焼をエネルギー源とした炉による熱処理が一般的であり、温度パターンを工夫して能率を上げることが行われていた。
【0003】
例えば、特開平9-256053号公報には、炉内で鋼材を連続的に搬送して熱処理する場合において、鋼材の進行方向に向かって炉の設定温度を変化させ、炉の入り側を高温に、出側を低温に設定する技術が提案されている。さらにこの技術では、炉の入り側を目的とする熱処理温度より200℃以上高く設定し、炉の出側に向かって段階的に設定炉温を低下させ、炉の出口前での炉の設定温度を目的とする熱処理温度±20℃以内とするというものである。
【0004】
また、特開平4-358022号公報記載の技術のように温度上昇速度を大きくとることで能率を上げる方法もあった。また、この技術は、焼戻し中の昇温速度を1℃/秒以上とすることにより、昇温中における転位の回復、組織・析出物の粗大化、固溶炭素原子の析出を防止し、強度、靱性を高めることができるというものである。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
熱処理炉による鋼材の熱処理の能率を上げるためには、炉の温度を上昇せしめる必要がある。しかし、特開平9-256053号公報記載の技術のように、熱処理炉による加熱は輻射によるため、加熱速度には上限があった。例えば、1000℃の炉からの輻射熱エネルギーは150000W/m2程度でしかなく、板厚40mmの鋼板に対して2℃/s弱の温度上昇速度しか得られなかった。
【0006】
特開平4-358022号公報記載の技術では、焼戻し中の昇温速度を1℃/秒以上とすると言うものの、具体的な加熱手段が開示されていない。唯一記載されていることは、同公報の段落0019に、「焼戻し装置の加熱方式は通電加熱、誘電加熱、赤外線輻射加熱、強制対流加熱、雰囲気加熱などで所要の昇温速度が達成されればそのようなものでもよい」と言うことだけである。しかし、これらの加熱方法を鋼材に適用するには、次のような問題がある。
【0007】
通電加熱は、鋼材に低電圧大電流を流すため、電極との接触抵抗を極力低くする必要がある。焼入後の鋼材に電極を接触させても、鋼材表面のスケール層のため接触抵抗が高く、急速加熱に必要な大電流が得られない。
【0008】
誘電加熱は、交番電界内に誘電体を置き、誘電体内部の電気双極子を振動させて発生する熱を利用する加熱方法である。従って、一般に木材、布、紙、プラスチック等の絶縁体の加熱に用いられることが多く、金属等には用いられない。
【0009】
赤外線輻射加熱は、線状の熱源からの輻射熱を直接および凹面の反射鏡で集光させて、被加熱物に照射して加熱する方式で、通常規模では試験片の加熱等に利用する程度が限度である。
【0010】
強制対流加熱は、被加熱物に高温ガスを吹き付けて加熱する方式で、高温ガス用のブロワ等、耐熱性の高い機器を装備する必要がある。そのため、耐火物や耐熱金属の使用その他、設備コストが高くなる。
【0011】
雰囲気加熱は、通常の加熱炉がこれに該当しており、雰囲気ガスを別のガスに換えたところで、加熱能力が飛躍的に増加するとは考えにくく、急速加熱は困難と言える。
【0012】
この発明は、上記のような問題を解決するためになされたもので、厚鋼板等の鋼材の加熱速度を高め、熱処理能率を上げるとともに、熱処理による残留応力を低減する鋼材の熱処理方法および熱処理装置を提供することを目的とする。さらに、圧延ライン上で効率的に熱処理を行う熱処理装置を提供することを目的とする。
【0013】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前述の課題は次の発明により解決される。
【0014】
その発明は、鋼材の熱処理方法において、誘導加熱、レーザ加熱、およびプラズマ加熱の内1種以上の加熱方法により、鋼材を2℃/s以上の加熱速度で急速加熱することを特徴とする鋼材の熱処理方法である。
【0015】
この発明は、鋼材を誘導加熱、レーザ加熱、又はプラズマ加熱により、2℃/s以上の加熱速度で急速加熱する。このように加熱速度を2℃/s以上とすることにより、例えば焼戻し処理の場合、数分間で加熱することが可能となる。このため、圧延ピッチと同程度の能率で熱処理できるため、圧延ライン上に熱処理装置を設置して効率的に大量の熱処理を行うことが出来る。たとえば、圧延後、加速冷却装置により焼入れを行った鋼材をライン上で焼戻し熱処理することが可能となる。また、2℃/s以上の加熱速度で急速加熱することにより、後述のように、熱処理後の鋼材を切断した際の曲がりを減少させることができる。
【0016】
加熱方法には、誘導加熱、レーザ加熱、又はプラズマ加熱のいずれかの方法を用いればよいが、これらを組合わせて用いることもできる。
【0017】
この発明において、誘導加熱、レーザ加熱、およびプラズマ加熱の内1種以上の方法により、鋼材の表層部を2℃/s以上の加熱速度で急速加熱する鋼材の熱処理方法とすることもできる。
【0018】
この発明は、鋼材の表層を内部より予め定めた所定の温度以上の温度に加熱する。これは、レーザ加熱、およびプラズマ加熱の場合は、表層から加熱するので容易に実現できる。誘導加熱の場合は、ソレノイド型コイルを用いて、鋼材の板厚に応じて誘導加熱の浸透深さを調整することにより実施することができる。
【0019】
この熱処理方法により、鋼材表層部に内部と異なる熱履歴を付与すること、あるいは鋼材表層部の到達温度を鋼材内部の到達温度より高く設定することができる。例えば、加速冷却により表層が硬化した鋼材の硬度の均一化や鋼材表層のみの軟化等、鋼材板厚方向の硬度調整を行うことができる。
【0020】
この発明においては、更に表層部を板厚中央部より0.5℃/s以上高い加熱速度で急速加熱することもできる。
【0021】
この発明は、熱処理後の鋼材を切断した際の残留応力による曲がりを減少させる方法を検討する中で得られた知見に基づいている。それは、鋼材表層部と板厚中央部の加熱速度の差がある程度大きい場合、上記の鋼材の曲がりが低下するということである。加熱速度の差としては、後述のように0.5℃/s以上とすることにより、急速加熱を行わなかった場合と比べて、曲がりを大幅に縮小することができる。
【0022】
以上の鋼材の熱処理方法を実現するための熱処理装置の発明は、次のようになる。その発明は、鋼材の熱処理装置において、誘導加熱手段、レーザ加熱手段、およびプラズマ加熱手段の内1種以上の加熱手段を備え、かつこの加熱手段は鋼材を2℃/s以上の加熱速度で急速加熱する能力を有することを特徴とする鋼材の熱処理装置である。
【0023】
この発明において、誘導加熱手段としては、ソレノイド型のコイルを用いることができる。ソレノイド型誘導加熱では、50Hz以上、望ましくは1000Hz以上の周波数とし、その投入電力がコイル内の加熱される範囲にある鋼材の質量M[kg]に対して、少なくとも750×M[W]以上の出力で加熱することで実現できる。たとえば、25mmt×4000mmW×1000mmLでは588kW以上の出力とすればよい。
【0024】
レーザー加熱、プラズマ加熱の場合は、加熱設備で熱を加える領域の鋼材の質量M[kg]に対して、加熱の熱エネルギーが750×M[W]以上になるような加熱を行うことで実現される。これは、厚さH(m)に比べ幅W(m)が充分に大きい板状の鋼材であれば、5890000×H[W/m2]の熱流束に相当し、板厚40mmの場合で235600[W/m2]と輻射による加熱よりも大きなエネルギーを与えることに相当する。
【0025】
また、鋼材の熱処理装置において、ソレノイド型誘導加熱手段、レーザ加熱手段、およびプラズマ加熱手段の内1種以上の加熱手段を備え、かつこの加熱手段は鋼材表層部を2℃/s以上の加熱速度で急速加熱する能力を有することを特徴とする鋼材の熱処理装置とすることもできる。
【0026】
この発明において、誘導加熱手段を用いる場合は、ソレノイド型のコイルを用いることにより、鋼材表層部の加熱速度を高くすることができる。レーザ加熱手段、およびプラズマ加熱手段を用いる場合は、いずれも鋼材表層部から加熱するので、鋼材表層部の加熱速度が高くなる。鋼材表層部の加熱速度を2℃/s以上とすることは、誘導加熱手段を用いる場合は浸透深さと投入電力の調節により設定可能であり、レーザ加熱手段又はプラズマ加熱手段を用いる場合はそれぞれ必要な投入電力の確保により設定可能である。
【0027】
浸透深さは、板厚に応じて周波数を調節することにより、所望の値に制御できる。例えば、板厚12mm未満では周波数を1KHzにすることで、表層2mm部分が急速加熱され、板厚12mm以上では周波数を50KHzとすることで、表層4mm部分が急速加熱される。
【0028】
更にこの発明においては、加熱手段は鋼材表層部を板厚中央部より0.5℃/s以上高い加熱速度で急速加熱する能力を有する鋼材の熱処理装置とすることもできる。
【0029】
この発明において、鋼材表層部の加熱速度を板厚中央部より0.5℃/s以上高くすることは、誘導加熱手段を用いる場合は鋼材の板厚に応じて浸透深さを調整可能にしておけば実現可能である。レーザ加熱手段又はプラズマ加熱手段を用いる場合は、それぞれ投入電力の確保により、鋼材表層部を板厚中央部より0.5℃/s以上高い加熱速度とすることが可能である。
【0030】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の手段を図1に従って説明する。熱間圧延機1によって熱間圧延を施した鋼材2に対し水冷装置3による焼き入れ処理を施した後、誘導加熱装置4によって焼戻し等の熱処理を行う。このとき、鋼材の温度を測定する温度計5の情報を利用して、誘導加熱装置の出力を調整したり、鋼板の通過速度を調整するなどの制御を施すことができる。なお、誘導加熱装置は、1台ではなく、直列に複数台配置して、所定の温度まで段階的に加熱することが望ましい。
【0031】
また、誘導加熱装置は図2に示すように、ソレノイド型の装置を使用することができる。
【0032】
【実施例】
本発明の実施例を小型の実験装置を用いた実験結果によって示す。厚さ40mmの試験片を10mmまで熱間圧延した後、意図的に冷却が不均一になるように冷却水量密度を不均一にした焼き入れを行った。次いで、630℃の加熱炉に入れることによる熱処理、あるいはソレノイド型の誘導加熱装置を用いて630℃まで加熱して保持する熱処理を行った。なお、ここでは、誘導加熱装置内に鋼材を往復動させることで、鋼材の連続熱処理のシミュレーションを行った。
【0033】
熱処理の効果は、鋼材を切断した後の試験片の曲がり量を、熱処理しなかった場合の曲がり量で除した値、即ち曲がり量比で評価した。熱処理の結果を表1に示す。
【0034】
【表1】

Figure 0003820974
【0035】
表1に示すように、加熱炉による温度上昇速度(加熱速度)は1.1℃/sであった。これに対して、誘導加熱装置による場合は、1.1〜102℃/sであり、これは、鋼材が誘導加熱装置を通過する瞬間に1〜100℃/sの温度上昇速度となるように調整することにより達成された。このように、ソレノイド型誘導加熱装置の場合、電力の調節により従来の加熱炉に比べて加熱速度が各段に大きくなり、熱処理能率が向上する。なお、ソレノイド型誘導加熱では表層部から加熱されるので、表層部と内部は温度差がある状態で温度が上昇する。
【0036】
表1に示す結果の内、保持時間が20分の場合について、温度上昇速度と曲がり量比の関係をまとめて、図3に示す。温度上昇速度の増加に伴い、曲がり量比が低下しており、特に、温度上昇速度が2℃/s以上になるとこの傾向が顕著である。この温度上昇速度の効果は、誘導加熱装置を通過するような短時間の繰り返しによる加熱であっても有効であった。なお、この実施例では誘導加熱装置を用いたが、レーザ加熱手段やプラズマ加熱手段を用いて表層を強く加熱してもよい。
【0037】
表層と内部に温度上昇速度差を付けたソレノイド型誘導加熱を行った場合、残留応力が低減するのは表層と内部の温度差によると推測される。この温度差により、表層は膨張するため圧縮応力が働く。この圧縮応力により表層に微弱な降伏作用を生じ、残留応力の低減の効果が得られると考えられる。
【0038】
この観点から、表層と内部の温度上昇速度の差を熱伝導計算により求めた。その結果を図4に示す。この図より、温度上昇速度差が0.5℃/s以上の領域で、上記の熱処理の効果(曲がりの低減)が得られることがわかった。
【0039】
このように、従来より大きな温度上昇速度を瞬間的にかつ繰り返して与えることにより、特に鋼材の形状について、従来よりも良好な熱処理結果を得ることができた。また、表層部に大量の熱を与えるソレノイド型誘導加熱などの手段により、表層と内部の温度差を付けることにより、より高い熱処理結果(残留応力の低減)を得ることができた。
【0040】
【発明の効果】
本発明により、鋼材を急速加熱することで、熱処理能率が大幅に向上し、圧延ライン上でのインライン熱処理が可能となる。また、鋼材表面を急速加熱することで、鋼板の残留応力を除去し、鋼材切断後の曲がり量を低減することが可能である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施の形態を示す図。
【図2】誘導加熱装置(ソレノイド型)を示す図。
【図3】温度上昇速度と曲がり量比の関係を示す図。
【図4】表層部と内部の温度上昇速度の差が曲がり量比に及ぼす影響を示す図。
【符号の説明】
1 熱間圧延機
2 鋼材
3 水冷装置
4 誘導加熱装置
5 温度計
6 コイル
7 電源[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a heat treatment method and a heat treatment apparatus for steel after completion of hot rolling, and particularly to an in-line heat treatment technique in which a heat treatment apparatus is disposed on a rolling line.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, steel materials are often secured by heat treatment. The heat treatment is generally a tempering treatment comprising quenching that rapidly cools from a high temperature and tempering that heats the steel material after quenching to various temperatures. In addition, due to rapid cooling at the time of quenching and the like, the steel material becomes non-uniform in the manufacturing process, so it is necessary to make it uniform by heat treatment. Up to now, heat treatment by a furnace using combustion as an energy source has been generally used, and efficiency has been improved by devising a temperature pattern.
[0003]
For example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-256053, when steel material is continuously conveyed and heat-treated in a furnace, the set temperature of the furnace is changed toward the traveling direction of the steel material, and the entrance side of the furnace is heated to a high temperature. A technique for setting the outlet side to a low temperature has been proposed. Furthermore, in this technology, the furnace entrance side is set to 200 ° C or higher than the intended heat treatment temperature, the set furnace temperature is gradually reduced toward the furnace exit side, and the furnace set temperature before the furnace exit is set. The heat treatment temperature is intended to be within ± 20 ° C.
[0004]
There is also a method of increasing efficiency by increasing the temperature rise rate as in the technique described in JP-A-4-358022. In addition, this technology prevents the recovery of dislocations, coarsening of structures and precipitates, and precipitation of solute carbon atoms by increasing the heating rate during tempering to 1 ° C / second or more. The toughness can be increased.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In order to increase the efficiency of the heat treatment of the steel material in the heat treatment furnace, it is necessary to raise the temperature of the furnace. However, as in the technique described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-256053, the heating in the heat treatment furnace is due to radiation, so that there is an upper limit on the heating rate. For example, the radiant heat energy from a furnace at 1000 ° C. was only about 150,000 W / m 2 , and only a temperature increase rate of a little less than 2 ° C./s was obtained for a steel plate having a thickness of 40 mm.
[0006]
In the technique described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-358022, although the temperature increase rate during tempering is 1 ° C./second or more, no specific heating means is disclosed. The only statement is that paragraph 0019 of the same publication states that “the heating method of the tempering device is a current heating rate, dielectric heating, infrared radiation heating, forced convection heating, atmospheric heating, etc. It's just saying, "It can be like that." However, there are the following problems in applying these heating methods to steel materials.
[0007]
In the electric heating, a low voltage and large current is passed through the steel material, so that the contact resistance with the electrode needs to be as low as possible. Even if the electrode is brought into contact with the steel material after quenching, the contact resistance is high due to the scale layer on the steel material surface, and a large current necessary for rapid heating cannot be obtained.
[0008]
Dielectric heating is a heating method that uses heat generated by placing a dielectric in an alternating electric field and vibrating an electric dipole inside the dielectric. Therefore, it is generally used for heating insulators such as wood, cloth, paper, and plastic, and is not used for metals.
[0009]
Infrared radiant heating is a method in which radiant heat from a linear heat source is condensed directly and with a concave reflecting mirror and irradiated to the object to be heated. It is a limit.
[0010]
Forced convection heating is a method in which high-temperature gas is blown and heated on an object to be heated, and equipment having high heat resistance such as a blower for high-temperature gas needs to be equipped. Therefore, the use of refractories and heat-resistant metals and other equipment costs increase.
[0011]
Atmospheric heating corresponds to an ordinary heating furnace, and it is unlikely that the heating capacity will increase dramatically when the atmospheric gas is changed to another gas, and rapid heating is difficult.
[0012]
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems. A steel material heat treatment method and a heat treatment apparatus that increase the heating rate of steel materials such as thick steel plates, increase heat treatment efficiency, and reduce residual stress due to heat treatment. The purpose is to provide. Furthermore, it aims at providing the heat processing apparatus which heat-processes efficiently on a rolling line.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The aforementioned problems are solved by the following invention.
[0014]
The invention relates to a heat treatment method of a steel material, characterized in that the steel material is rapidly heated at a heating rate of 2 ° C./s or more by at least one of induction heating, laser heating, and plasma heating. This is a heat treatment method.
[0015]
In the present invention, a steel material is rapidly heated at a heating rate of 2 ° C./s or more by induction heating, laser heating, or plasma heating. Thus, by setting the heating rate to 2 ° C./s or higher, for example, in the case of tempering, heating can be performed in several minutes. For this reason, since it can heat-process with the efficiency equivalent to a rolling pitch, a heat treatment apparatus can be installed on a rolling line and a large amount of heat processing can be performed efficiently. For example, after rolling, a steel material that has been quenched by an accelerated cooling device can be tempered on the line. Further, by rapid heating at a heating rate of 2 ° C./s or more, as described later, it is possible to reduce bending when the steel material after the heat treatment is cut.
[0016]
As the heating method, any one of induction heating, laser heating, or plasma heating may be used, but these may be used in combination.
[0017]
In the present invention, a steel material heat treatment method may be employed in which the surface layer portion of the steel material is rapidly heated at a heating rate of 2 ° C./s or more by one or more of induction heating, laser heating, and plasma heating.
[0018]
In the present invention, the surface layer of the steel material is heated from the inside to a temperature equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature. In the case of laser heating and plasma heating, this can be easily realized because heating is performed from the surface layer. In the case of induction heating, a solenoid type coil can be used by adjusting the penetration depth of induction heating according to the thickness of the steel material.
[0019]
By this heat treatment method, it is possible to give a thermal history different from the inside to the steel surface layer portion, or to set the ultimate temperature of the steel surface layer portion higher than the ultimate temperature inside the steel material. For example, it is possible to adjust the hardness in the thickness direction of the steel material, such as uniformizing the hardness of the steel material whose surface layer is hardened by accelerated cooling or softening only the steel material surface layer.
[0020]
In the present invention, the surface layer portion can be further rapidly heated at a heating rate higher by 0.5 ° C./s or more than the plate thickness center portion.
[0021]
This invention is based on the knowledge obtained in examining a method for reducing the bending due to the residual stress when the steel material after heat treatment is cut. That is, when the difference in heating rate between the steel surface layer portion and the plate thickness center portion is large to some extent, the bending of the steel material is reduced. The difference in heating rate is 0.5 ° C./s or more as described later, so that the bending can be greatly reduced as compared with the case where rapid heating is not performed.
[0022]
Invention of the heat processing apparatus for implement | achieving the heat processing method of the above steel materials is as follows. The invention comprises a steel heat treatment apparatus comprising one or more heating means among induction heating means, laser heating means, and plasma heating means, and the heating means rapidly heats the steel material at a heating rate of 2 ° C./s or more. A steel heat treatment apparatus characterized by having an ability to heat.
[0023]
In the present invention, a solenoid type coil can be used as the induction heating means. In the solenoid type induction heating, the frequency is 50 Hz or more, preferably 1000 Hz or more, and the input power is at least 750 × M [W] or more with respect to the mass M [kg] of the steel material in the heated range in the coil. This can be achieved by heating with output. For example, at 25 mm t × 4000 mm W × 1000 mm L , the output may be 588 kW or more.
[0024]
In the case of laser heating and plasma heating, it is realized by heating so that the heat energy of heating is 750 x M [W] or more with respect to the mass M [kg] of the steel material where heat is applied by the heating equipment. Is done. This is equivalent to a heat flux of 580000 × H [W / m 2 ] for a plate-shaped steel material with a sufficiently wide width W (m) compared to the thickness H (m). 235600 [W / m 2 ] corresponds to giving more energy than heating by radiation.
[0025]
The steel material heat treatment apparatus further comprises at least one of solenoid type induction heating means, laser heating means, and plasma heating means, and the heating means heats the steel surface layer at a rate of 2 ° C / s or more. It can also be set as the heat processing apparatus of the steel materials characterized by having the capability to heat rapidly.
[0026]
In this invention, when the induction heating means is used, the heating rate of the steel surface layer can be increased by using a solenoid type coil. In the case of using the laser heating means and the plasma heating means, since both are heated from the steel material surface layer portion, the heating rate of the steel material surface layer portion is increased. It is possible to set the heating rate of the steel surface layer to 2 ° C / s or more by adjusting the penetration depth and input power when using induction heating means, and necessary when using laser heating means or plasma heating means, respectively. It can be set by securing sufficient input power.
[0027]
The penetration depth can be controlled to a desired value by adjusting the frequency according to the plate thickness. For example, when the plate thickness is less than 12 mm, the surface layer of 2 mm is rapidly heated by setting the frequency to 1 KHz, and when the plate thickness is 12 mm or more, the frequency is set to 50 KHz and the surface layer of 4 mm is rapidly heated.
[0028]
Furthermore, in the present invention, the heating means can be a steel heat treatment apparatus having the ability to rapidly heat the steel surface layer portion at a heating rate higher by 0.5 ° C./s or more than the central portion of the plate thickness.
[0029]
In this invention, increasing the heating rate of the steel surface layer portion by 0.5 ° C./s or more from the center portion of the plate thickness means that the penetration depth can be adjusted according to the plate thickness of the steel material when using induction heating means. It is feasible. When using laser heating means or plasma heating means, it is possible to make the steel surface layer part a heating rate higher by 0.5 ° C./s or more than the center part of the plate thickness by securing the input power.
[0030]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The means of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The steel material 2 that has been hot-rolled by the hot rolling mill 1 is subjected to a quenching treatment by the water-cooling device 3 and then subjected to a heat treatment such as tempering by the induction heating device 4. At this time, it is possible to perform control such as adjusting the output of the induction heating device or adjusting the passing speed of the steel sheet using the information of the thermometer 5 that measures the temperature of the steel material. In addition, it is desirable to arrange a plurality of induction heating devices in series instead of one and heat them step by step to a predetermined temperature.
[0031]
As the induction heating device, a solenoid type device can be used as shown in FIG.
[0032]
【Example】
Examples of the present invention will be shown by experimental results using a small experimental apparatus. A test piece having a thickness of 40 mm was hot-rolled to 10 mm, and then quenched with intentionally non-uniform cooling water density so that the cooling was intentionally non-uniform. Next, heat treatment was performed by placing the furnace in a heating furnace at 630 ° C., or heat treatment by heating to 630 ° C. using a solenoid type induction heating apparatus. Here, the simulation of continuous heat treatment of the steel material was performed by reciprocating the steel material in the induction heating apparatus.
[0033]
The effect of the heat treatment was evaluated by the value obtained by dividing the bending amount of the test piece after cutting the steel material by the bending amount when the heat treatment was not performed, that is, the bending amount ratio. Table 1 shows the results of the heat treatment.
[0034]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003820974
[0035]
As shown in Table 1, the temperature increase rate (heating rate) by the heating furnace was 1.1 ° C./s. On the other hand, in the case of using an induction heating device, it is 1.1 to 102 ° C./s, and this is adjusted so that the temperature rise rate is 1 to 100 ° C./s at the moment when the steel material passes through the induction heating device. Was achieved. Thus, in the case of the solenoid induction heating apparatus, the heating rate is increased in each stage by adjusting the electric power as compared with the conventional heating furnace, and the heat treatment efficiency is improved. In the solenoid type induction heating, since the surface layer portion is heated, the temperature rises with a temperature difference between the surface layer portion and the inside.
[0036]
Among the results shown in Table 1, the relationship between the temperature increase rate and the bending amount ratio is shown in FIG. As the temperature rise rate increases, the bending amount ratio decreases, and this tendency is particularly remarkable when the temperature rise rate is 2 ° C./s or more. The effect of this temperature increase rate was effective even when heating was repeated for a short time as it passed through the induction heating device. In this embodiment, the induction heating apparatus is used, but the surface layer may be strongly heated using a laser heating means or a plasma heating means.
[0037]
When solenoid induction heating with a temperature difference between the surface layer and the inside is performed, it is assumed that the residual stress is reduced due to the temperature difference between the surface layer and the inside. Due to this temperature difference, the surface layer expands and compressive stress acts. It is considered that this compressive stress causes a weak yielding action on the surface layer, and an effect of reducing residual stress can be obtained.
[0038]
From this viewpoint, the difference between the temperature rise rate of the surface layer and the inside was obtained by heat conduction calculation. The result is shown in FIG. From this figure, it was found that the effect of the heat treatment (reduction in bending) can be obtained in a region where the temperature increase rate difference is 0.5 ° C./s or more.
[0039]
As described above, by giving an ever-increasing rate of temperature increase instantaneously and repeatedly, it was possible to obtain better heat treatment results than in the past, particularly with respect to the shape of the steel material. Further, by applying a temperature difference between the surface layer and the inside by means such as solenoid type induction heating that applies a large amount of heat to the surface layer portion, a higher heat treatment result (reduction in residual stress) could be obtained.
[0040]
【The invention's effect】
By rapidly heating a steel material according to the present invention, the heat treatment efficiency is greatly improved, and in-line heat treatment on a rolling line becomes possible. Further, by rapidly heating the steel material surface, it is possible to remove the residual stress of the steel plate and reduce the amount of bending after cutting the steel material.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an induction heating device (solenoid type).
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a relationship between a temperature increase rate and a bending amount ratio.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the influence of the difference in temperature rise rate between the surface layer portion and the inside on the bending amount ratio.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Hot Rolling Machine 2 Steel 3 Water Cooling Device 4 Induction Heating Device 5 Thermometer 6 Coil 7 Power Supply

Claims (2)

熱間圧延完了後の鋼材の熱処理方法において、誘導加熱、レーザ加熱、およびプラズマ加熱のうち1種以上の加熱方法により、鋼材の表層部を2℃/s以上、且つ板厚中央部より0.5℃/s以上高い加熱速度で急速加熱することを特徴とする鋼材の熱処理方法。In the heat treatment method of the steel material after completion of the hot rolling, the surface layer portion of the steel material is 2 ° C./s or more from the center portion of the plate thickness by one or more heating methods among induction heating, laser heating, and plasma heating. A method for heat-treating a steel material, characterized by rapid heating at a heating rate as high as 5 ° C / s or more. 熱間圧延機の後面のライン上に設置された鋼材の熱処理装置において、ソレノイド型誘導加熱手段、レーザ加熱手段、およびプラズマ加熱手段の内1種以上の加熱手段を備え、且つこの加熱手段は鋼材表層部を2℃/s以上、且つ板厚中央部より0.5℃/s以上高い加熱速度で急速加熱する能力を有することを特徴とする鋼材の熱処理装置。A steel material heat treatment apparatus installed on a rear surface line of a hot rolling mill includes at least one of heating means of solenoid type induction heating means, laser heating means, and plasma heating means, and the heating means is a steel material. A steel heat treatment apparatus characterized by having a capability of rapidly heating a surface layer portion at a heating rate of 2 ° C / s or more and 0.5 ° C / s or more higher than a central portion of the plate thickness.
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CN103468887A (en) * 2013-08-02 2013-12-25 浙江吉利汽车研究院有限公司 Heat treatment method of alloy steel after forging

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JP5050537B2 (en) * 2007-01-29 2012-10-17 Jfeスチール株式会社 Thick steel plate cutting method
FR3043410B1 (en) * 2015-11-06 2017-12-08 Safran DEVICE FOR GENERATING A GRADIENT MICROSTRUCTURE OF STRUCTURE ON AN AXISYMETRIC PIECE
CN105648156B (en) * 2016-04-07 2018-10-16 乐山天华机械制造有限公司 A kind of heat treatment method of Chrominm-molybdenum-vanadium steel

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103468887A (en) * 2013-08-02 2013-12-25 浙江吉利汽车研究院有限公司 Heat treatment method of alloy steel after forging
CN103468887B (en) * 2013-08-02 2017-05-31 浙江吉利汽车研究院有限公司 The heat treatment method after forging of steel alloy

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