CN103459053A - Method for producing carbide, carbide, wood vinegar solution, radioactive substance-removing material and salt-removing material - Google Patents

Method for producing carbide, carbide, wood vinegar solution, radioactive substance-removing material and salt-removing material Download PDF

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CN103459053A
CN103459053A CN201280007199XA CN201280007199A CN103459053A CN 103459053 A CN103459053 A CN 103459053A CN 201280007199X A CN201280007199X A CN 201280007199XA CN 201280007199 A CN201280007199 A CN 201280007199A CN 103459053 A CN103459053 A CN 103459053A
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carbide
manioca
manufacture method
carbonization
bacterium
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加藤匡朗
加藤雄司
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Chikyu Vaccine Co Ltd
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Chikyu Vaccine Co Ltd
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    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
    • C09K17/14—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing organic compounds only
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    • C09K17/32—Prepolymers; Macromolecular compounds of natural origin, e.g. cellulosic materials
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    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
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    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
    • C05F5/002—Solid waste from mechanical processing of material, e.g. seed coats, olive pits, almond shells, fruit residue, rice hulls
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
    • G21F9/04—Treating liquids
    • G21F9/06—Processing
    • G21F9/12—Processing by absorption; by adsorption; by ion-exchange
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
    • G21F9/04—Treating liquids
    • G21F9/06—Processing
    • G21F9/18—Processing by biological processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
    • B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
    • B01J2220/48—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation
    • B01J2220/4812—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation the starting material being of organic character
    • B01J2220/4825—Polysaccharides or cellulose materials, e.g. starch, chitin, sawdust, wood, straw, cotton
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
    • B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
    • B01J2220/48—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation
    • B01J2220/4875—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation the starting material being a waste, residue or of undefined composition
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    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract

A high value-added carbide obtained by using jatropha fruits, and a material derived from sugar cane. A method for producing the carbide, said method comprising mixing at least one kind of material selected from among jatropha fruits (A), a material (B) derived from jatropha fruits and a material derived from sugar cane with fermenting microorganisms (C), and carbonizing the mixture by adding photo energy thereto. In this method, it is preferred that said mixture is carbonized while being maintained at a low temperature of 80-90 DEG C inclusive. The fermenting microorganisms (C) comprise at least one kind of bacterium selected from among a photosynthetic bacterium, a photothermal bacterium, a lactic acid bacterium, a nitrogen fixing bacterium, a yeast and an actinomycete.

Description

The manufacture method of carbide, carbide, pyrolkigneous liquid, radioactive substance are removed material and are removed salt material
Technical field
The present invention relates to (1) from the fruit of manioca, the material of fruit that derives from manioca and the method that at least a kind of material deriving from the material of sugarcane is manufactured carbide; (2) carbide of being manufactured by this manufacture method; (3) pyrolkigneous liquid that comprises this carbide; (4) using this carbide as the radioactive substance of active ingredient remove material and (5) using this carbide as active ingredient except salt material.
Background technology
Recently, from eco-friendly viewpoint, proposed to burn or untouchedly be discarded in the technology (for example,, referring to patent documentation 1) that the house refuse of burying ground etc., lawn, cattle waste etc. utilize as compost.
The prior art document
Patent documentation
Patent documentation 1: TOHKEMY 2001-19580 communique
Summary of the invention
Invent technical problem to be solved
The manioca seed of cultivating on Philippine and other places, be rich in oil content.This oil content just is carried out utilization always from a long time ago.And, as one of environmental cure in recent years, the oil obtained from the manioca seed can be used as the biodiesel fuel utilization and just attracts attention.Yet, the processing that goes out of use of the dregs of fat after seed oil expression and the part of the pericarp beyond seed and pulp fraction.
In addition, although the parts such as the dregs of fat of sugarcane be used effectively,, in recent years, the approach of effective utilization of the sugarcane dregs of fat etc. was just needing further expansion.
Thus, the method that technical problem of the present invention is to provide the fruit that utilizes manioca, the material of the fruit that derives from manioca and at least a kind of material deriving from the material of sugarcane are manufactured the carbide (carbonization fertilizer, carbon black etc.) of high added value.
The scheme that the technical solution problem is taked
(1) in the manufacture method of carbide of the present invention, to the fruit of manioca, derive from manioca fruit material and derive from least a kind of material of material of sugarcane and the mixture of fermentative microflora is supplied with luminous energy and carried out carbonization.The carbide of manufacturing method according to the invention manufacture is carbonization compost, carbon black etc.Moreover, the general name of the seed of the pulp of the skin that said " fruit of manioca " is the fruit of manioca here, the fruit of manioca and the fruit of manioca.In addition, the material that derives from the fruit of manioca is the dregs of fat such as the oil expression of the seed of the fruit from manioca etc.In addition, the material that derives from sugarcane is for example bagasse (residue after sugar cane crushing), filter mud (smash sugarcane, water leaches granulated sugar, filters the slag obtained) etc.
According to above-mentioned manufacture method, can obtain comprising the carbonization compost with the carbide of cation and anion.This carbonization compost, as obtain solar light irradiation, cause the micro-vibration of carbide, enter in soil, produce a large amount of bubbles near the root of plant.As a result, the air bubble that approximately 70% nitrogen forms is continued to absorb by the root of plant.That is to say, can obtain airborne nitrogen being fixed to the carbonization compost in soil.
In addition, the carbide of manioca pulp is Porous, forms the hole of diameter 70,000 nm (70 μ m).Thus, the manioca pulp of carbonization can be introduced the pollutant in soil (such as heavy metal, salinity, radioactive substance and dyestuff etc.) in hole, absorbs and cover this pollutant.Moreover in this case, preferably fermentative microflora (halophilism bacterium or photosynthetic bacteria etc.) is lived in peace in this hole.In addition, airborne nitrogen enters in the hole of manioca pulp of carbonization.For this reason, the pulp of manioca can be fixed to airborne nitrogen in soil.
In addition, the carbonization compost is irradiated to sunshine, carbide heating, weed seed dies because of this heat.Thus, alleviated the work load of removing weeds.And then because of the heating of carbide in the carbonization compost, soil is incubated, and can gather in the crops the fruit of high pol.
In addition, according to above-mentioned manufacture method, can obtain the atomic carbon black of diameter 3nm-500nm left and right carbon element.That is to say, from the fruit of manioca, the material of fruit that derives from manioca and the material that derives from sugarcane, can obtain being used in the carbon black that rubber reinforcement material, black colorant, electric conductivity invest the high added value of agent and active carbon etc.
In addition, according to above-mentioned manufacture method, at the carbonisation of mixture, can obtain pyrolkigneous liquid.That is to say, can obtain the pyrolkigneous liquid as the high added value that effectively agricultural chemicals is used food processing and insect countermeasure from the fruit of manioca, the material of fruit that derives from manioca and the material that derives from sugarcane.
In addition, according to above-mentioned manufacture method, the manioca pulp that can not want from extracting oil and the dregs of fat of seed, bagasse and the filter mud do not wanted after squeezing the juice create carbonization compost, carbon black and pyrolkigneous liquid etc.That is to say, if use manufacture method of the present invention, can be from fruit and seed, the bagasse that needs more Processes For Effective Conversions and the proprietary concentrate that filter mud creates high additive value of the manioca that becomes discarded object.Can seek the reduction of discarded object thus.Therefore, CO 2discharge capacity can be cut down.For this reason, can obtain CO 2emission Right.
(2)
In the manufacture method of above-mentioned carbide, also comprise Boiler Ash in preferred mixture.Moreover said " Boiler Ash " refers to the ash that bagasse etc. obtains after boiler combustion here.
By mixing kettle ashes in said mixture, can make the bulk fermentation flora live in peace in mixture.For this reason, the effective carbonization of mixture can be made, the absorption efficiency of above-mentioned pollutant can be improved simultaneously.
(3)
In the manufacture method of above-mentioned carbide, preferred mixture carries out carbonization maintaining the temperature below 90 ℃ more than 80 ℃.
At the high temperature of 120 ℃ of left and right, the fruit of manioca, the material of fruit that derives from manioca and the material that derives from sugarcane are carried out to carbonization, obtain the active carbon with anion.In contrast, according to above-mentioned manufacture method, can obtain thering is the carbonization compost with the carbide of cation and anion.
(4)
In the manufacture method of above-mentioned carbide, at least comprise photosynthetic bacteria, photo-thermal bacterium, lactic acid bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, saccharomycete and actinomyces in fermentative microflora.
Photosynthetic bacteria is the basis with other flora symbiosis, can improve by the synthesis ionization with sunshine the absorbability of plant.
The photo-thermal bacterium, in the high temperature activity, suppresses the disease and pest of plant.
Lactic acid bacteria can generate lactic acid by fermentation and protect body to avoid the invasion and attack of other pathogenic microorganisms.
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria are the nitrogen in atmosphere fixedly, as allowance of nutrients in plant.
Saccharomycete can be manufactured carbon dioxide and alcohol etc. from organic matter.
Actinomyces hobby chitin, the activity that can decompose the chitin Suppressing phytopathogens.
The fermentative microflora that has above-mentioned various bacterium by employing, can carry out the fruit of manioca, the material of fruit that derives from manioca and the fermentation that derives from the material of sugarcane with the short time by the synthesis with luminous energy.
In addition, above-mentioned fermentative microflora is because possessing two aspects of heliophilic and thermophilic, so surpassing under the environment of 80 ℃, can carry out the fruit of manioca, the material of fruit that derives from manioca and the fermentation that derives from the material of sugarcane.Thus, can, under the environment of sunshine Large Amount of Irradiated, prevent dying of fermentative microflora.Thus, can utilize the bactericidal effect of solar ultraviolet, obtain the high added value carbonization compost that miscellaneous bacteria has been died.
In addition, above-mentioned fermentative microflora, because possessing halophilism, thus can access salt concentration low, to arable farming high added value carbonization compost preferably, simultaneously can be in salt damage area performance desalination effect.
(5)
The carbonization compost of being manufactured by above-mentioned manufacture method, become the carbonization compost comprised with cation and anion carbide.This carbonization compost, as obtain solar light irradiation, cause the micro-vibration of carbide, enter in soil, produce a large amount of bubbles near the root of plant.As a result, the bubble that approximately 70% nitrogen forms is continued to absorb by the root of plant.That is to say, can obtain airborne nitrogen being fixed to the carbonization compost in soil.
In addition, the carbide of manioca pulp is Porous, forms the hole of diameter 70,000 nm (70 μ m).Thus, the manioca pulp of carbonization can be introduced the pollutant in soil (such as heavy metal, salinity, radioactive substance and dyestuff etc.) in hole, absorbs and cover this pollutant.Moreover in this case, preferably fermentative microflora (halophilism bacterium or photosynthetic bacteria etc.) is lived in peace in this hole.
In addition, the carbonization compost is irradiated to sunshine, carbide heating, weed seed dies because of this heat.Thus, alleviated the work load of removing weeds.And then because of the heating of carbide in the carbonization compost, soil is incubated, and can gather in the crops the fruit of high pol.
In addition, rubber reinforcement material, black colorant, electric conductivity be can be used according to the carbon black of above-mentioned manufacture method manufacture and agent and active carbon etc. invested.
In addition, the pyrolkigneous liquid of manufacturing according to above-mentioned manufacture method, can be used as food processing and tackle the effective agricultural chemicals of insect and be used.
In addition, the carbide such as the carbonization compost of manufacturing according to above-mentioned manufacture method, carbon black, take that to become the fruit of the manioca of discarded object and seed, need bagasse and the filter mud of more Processes For Effective Conversions be main material.Thus, can seek the reduction of discarded object, thereby CO 2discharge capacity can be cut down.
(6)
Pyrolkigneous liquid of the present invention, because of the carbide that comprises black, by this pyrolkigneous liquid being sprinkling upon on manioca discarded object or sugarcane discarded object, melanism occurs in the surface of manioca discarded object or sugarcane discarded object, can increase the absorption efficiency of sunray (particularly heat ray), the breeding that is expected to increase thermophilic bacterium.
(7)
Radioactive substance of the present invention is removed material and, except salt material, is usingd above-mentioned carbide as active ingredient.For this reason, radioactive substance of the present invention is removed material and, except salt material, can effectively be absorbed and cover radioactive substance and salinity.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the figure of manufacture method of the carbide of conceptual expression an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 means the schematic diagram of the manioca speed of growth.
Fig. 3 means that the integral body of the production equipment of manufacturing the carbonization compost forms schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 means the flow chart of carbide manufacture method.
Fig. 5 means the schematic diagram of the state of the soil after the fertilising of carbonization compost.
Description of reference numerals
10: hot house
11: filling part
12: gas accumulation section
20: steam is collected lid
30: induced-draught fan
40: exhaust blower
100: carbonization compost manufacturing equipment
The specific embodiment
Below, on one side the manufacture method of the carbide of embodiment of the present invention, the carbide according to this manufacture method manufacture, the pyrolkigneous liquid that comprises this carbide and the radioactive substance using this carbide as active ingredient are removed material and are described referring to accompanying drawing on one side except salt material.
The manufacture method of the carbide of present embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, it is characterized in that by the pulp A of the fruit of manioca (in the drawings for fruit rubbish) and the dregs of fat B from the seed oil expression of the fruit of manioca (below, A and B are generically and collectively referred to as to " manioca discarded object ") with fermentative microflora C, mix, this mixture is supplied with to luminous energy and carry out carbonization.Moreover, also can in above-mentioned manioca discarded object, mix sugarcane discarded object (such as bagasse or filter mud etc.).In addition, the manioca discarded object also can change sugarcane discarded object (such as bagasse or filter mud etc.) into.
In addition, in the manufacture method of this carbide, preferably the mixture of the pulp A of the fruit of manioca and the dregs of fat B from the seed oil expression of the fruit of manioca and fermentative microflora C is carried out to carbonization maintaining more than 80 ℃ under the low temperature below 90 ℃.
In addition, in the manufacture method of this carbide, preferably in said mixture, add Boiler Ash.
In addition, the carbide of present embodiment, be to be fabricated to the carbide of feature by above-mentioned manufacture method.
In addition, the pyrolkigneous liquid of present embodiment, be to comprise the pyrolkigneous liquid that the carbide by above-mentioned manufacture method manufacture is feature.
In addition, the radioactive substance of present embodiment is removed material and except salt material, is to take that the radioactive substance that will be feature as active ingredient by the carbide of above-mentioned manufacture method manufacture is removed material and except salt material.
The general name of the seed of the pulp of the skin of the fruit that in addition, the fruit of above-mentioned manioca is manioca, the fruit of manioca and the fruit of manioca.
Even manioca is also can growing plants at dead soil (soil, the volcano lacquer putty of annual rainfall 500mL left and right).This manioca is born the fruit with strong toxicity seed.The seed of the fruit of this manioca is the seed that is rich in oil content, and the oil of squeezing out, refining from this seed is used the manioca crude oil used for can be used as biodiesel fuel.
Manioca is the very fast plant that grows, as shown in Figure 2, after afforestation, the 20cm that approximately grows in 2 months, the 180cm that approximately grows in 8 months, 1 year growth 200cm, 3 years growth 300cm, 5 years growth 500cm.Approximately within 5 years, grow up to the manioca of large tree, can gather in the crops fruit approximately 50 years.In addition, this manioca can annually be gathered in the crops fruit more than 2 times.
Manioca, per hectare can be gathered in the crops 30 tons of fruits, approximately 22.5 tons of the pulp ratios of fruit, approximately 7.5 tons of the ratios of seed.The pulp of manioca, for having the Porous in the hole that many diameters are 70,000 nm (70 μ m), is introduced heavy metal and the dyestuff in soil is arranged in the pulp hole of the manioca of carbonization.In addition, air enters in the pulp hole of manioca of this carbonization.For this reason, the manioca pulp of carbonization can keep airborne nitrogen in soil.
In addition, the seed of manioca, by expressed oils such as squeezers, the remaining approximately dregs of fat of 6.0 tons.In the present embodiment, generate carbonization compost (approximately 4.8 tons), carbon black (2.0 tons) and pyrolkigneous liquid (3.0 tons) from pulp (approximately 22.5 tons) and the dregs of fat (6.0 tons) of manioca.
Manufacture method according to the carbide of present embodiment also can obtain from the manioca discarded object proprietary concentrate carbon black (approximately 2.0 tons), the pyrolkigneous liquid (3.0 tons) of high additive value except the carbonization compost.In addition, the oil that the extruding seed obtains, after making with extra care, can obtain as the available manioca crude oil of biodiesel fuel (approximately 1.5 tons).
The carbonization compost of manufacturing from the manioca discarded object, as uses such as soil conditioner, organic fertilizer, gardening charcoal, soil pollution cleansers.In addition, carbon black invests the uses such as agent, active carbon as rubber reinforcement material, black colorant, electric conductivity.In addition, pyrolkigneous liquid is used in and tackles the effective agricultural chemicals of insect, food processing etc.In addition, manioca crude oil is as transport fuel, ink solvent, soap, plastic goods materials'use.Like this, carbonization compost, carbon black, pyrolkigneous liquid and the manioca crude oil that derives from manioca can be used as the proprietary concentrate of high added value and is sold.
At this, in the present embodiment, generate the necessary fermentative microflora of above-mentioned carbide (carbonization fertilizer, carbon black etc.) and preferably there are at least photosynthetic bacteria, photo-thermal bacterium, lactic acid bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, saccharomycete and actinomyces.This fermentative microflora possesses heliophilic, thermophilic and halophilism.
The heliophilic bacterium, for example, be photosynthetic bacteria, as this photosynthetic bacteria, is not particularly limited, and can be purple bacteria, green bacteria, aerobic property photosynthetic bacteria, helicobacter etc.Can certainly be with the heat resistance yeast that light is bred as the energy.
Thermophilic bacterium for " the growth optimum temperature is 50-105 ℃, in the general name of nonpropagating bacterium almost of the temperature below 30 ℃.Common bacterium is thermoneutrality, and namely the optimum temperature of growth is 25-40 ℃, generally is difficult to growth more than 50 ℃.Moreover, no matter the bacterium that high temperature or low temperature can be grown is called the heat resistance bacterium, to show difference." (compile rock ripple biology dictionary the 4th edition referring to eight China firs etc. " (1996-3-21) rock ripple, p452), still, in this specification, also comprise the heat resistance bacterium in thermophilic bacterium.On daytime, be high temperature in hot house 10 (referring to Fig. 3), but night, if not temperature adjustment drops to the optimum temperature 25-40 ℃ of common bacterial growth sometimes.
The halophilism bacterium refers to " bacterium or the mushroom of hobby 5-10 % by weight or its above brine concentration culture medium ", refers to a large amount of Na +take in the bacterium (equally referring to p424) that in thalline, salinity is descended.
As the fermentative microflora that possesses above-mentioned heliophilic, thermophilic and halophilism, for example be suitable for using Ji Liang institute of microbiology (liking the interior mountain 23 of lucky good raised path between farm fields large word shark horse word, county magistrate's long narrow flag beans prefecture) to manufacture " KN bacterium " group who sells.Be somebody's turn to do " KN bacterium " group, as follows, be that the kind bacterium (microbial species) that will gather from Japanese various places is cultivated in factory, a series of micropopulations of stabilisation more than 40 years.Root in the large tree of Shan Huo sacrificial place, Japanese various places (age of tree is more than 100 years usually) digs a duck eye (diameter, the degree of depth be about 10-15cm all), add wherein the granulated sugar of 50-100cc, the vinegar of 10-15cc, cover soil, place after 2-3 days, gather kind of a bacterium.Factory is gone back to in above-mentioned kind of cingula, mix with the vegetables that cut (romaine lettuce, cabbage, Chinese cabbage, watermelon, eggplant etc.) as nutrient source, while (30-40 ℃) fermented and cultured of heating.When bacterium settles out (approximately 1 year after), after making the direct irradiation of sunlight culture medium, only take out remaining viable bacteria, with above-mentioned same cultivation 1 year.Repeat this operation.In this case, by during direct irradiation by 1,3, increase successively 1 week, 1 month, 2 months, 3 months.When between culture period after 5 years, during direct irradiation, regulate temperature so that culture medium is more than 60 ℃.
Like this, micropopulation becomes and possesses heliophilic and thermophilic micropopulation.The characteristic of being somebody's turn to do " KN bacterium " is as follows.
No matter the main light reaction by sunray, all can be movable under aerobic property or anaerobies state.
(be preferably 45-65%) at the moisture of manioca discarded object (wet amount content standard) below 70 % by weight, under the condition of temperature 40-100 ℃ (being preferably 50-70 ℃), can breed if any sunray, promote fermentation, the decomposition of manioca discarded object.
The Na of selective picked-up salt +, with the situation that common fermentation is decomposed, to compare, the salinity (being mainly NaCl) in fermentation residue, the residual water that ferments is for below half.Therefore, promote organic fermentation, complement each other with hot fermentation, handled thing is dry rapidly.
Decompose, while fermenting, can become the high temperature more than 70 ℃.Spoilage organisms and miscellaneous bacteria will be died, and result from being suppressed of ammonia, biogas, butane gas etc. of those methane backerias etc.
There is the effect that organic matter is separated with inorganic salts.
The manioca discarded object, as shown in Figure 3, be sealed in compost in hot house 10.At the interior compost treatment manioca of airtight like this hot house 10 discarded object, be in order not make the foul smell (special initial stage, mid-term from just putting into fermentation) from the manioca generation of waste materials be discharged into outside.
Supply with the luminous energy of manioca discarded object, be generally sunshine, but also can be ultraviolet radiator etc.For example, when night and cloudy, rainy day, also can use ultraviolet radiator to promote the fermentation of manioca discarded object complementaryly.
That is to say, the trapped gas of gas accumulation section is the high-temperature gas that utilizes the decomposition of mixture and fermentation fever to heat, also further heated by solar heat.Import this high-temperature gas (being generally more than 60 ℃) by the bottom side from the manioca discarded object, the manioca discarded object is heated, and the breeding of the micropopulation in this mixture is promoted.At this moment, common miscellaneous bacteria is (in dying more than 60 ℃.) breeding be suppressed.In addition, the surface of manioca discarded object is by the sunshine sterilization.
In addition, the pyrolkigneous liquid generated by the fermentation of manioca discarded object and decomposition can, with regard to this commercialization, also can be used as pest repellant and be sprinkling upon on the manioca discarded object.In the manufacture method of the carbide of present embodiment, owing to being the high temperature more than 60 ℃ in hot house 10, so follow, decompose and fermentation Formed compound, this carbide (black) is included in pyrolkigneous liquid.For this reason, by pyrolkigneous liquid being sprinkling upon to the surface of manioca discarded object, melanism occurs in the surface of this manioca discarded object, can increase the absorption efficiency of sunray (particularly heat ray), the breeding that is expected to increase thermophilic bacterium.
Below, referring to Fig. 3, the carbonization compost manufacturing equipment used for the carbonization of above-mentioned manioca discarded object describes.
This carbonization compost manufacturing equipment 100, as shown in Figure 3, comprise the hot house 10 of taking in the manioca discarded object, steam collect cover 20, induced-draught fan 30 and exhaust blower 40.
Hot house 10 has the filling part 11 of taking in the manioca discarded object and the gas accumulation section 12 formed above this filling part 11.The mixture that the manioca discarded object mixes with fermentative microflora is taken in filling part 11.And gas accumulation section 12 accumulates the decomposition had because of mixture, the gas that fermentation produces.This gas is heated by sunshine, becomes the gas of high temperature (approximately 60 ℃).
Be installed on the steam collection in gas accumulation section 12 and cover 20.Steam in gas accumulation section 12 is collected the corallite that covers 20 inside by steam, be recovered in not shown container.Reclaim the pyrolkigneous liquid produced when the fermentation of manioca discarded object is arranged in this container 31.
Induced-draught fan 30 is installed in the outside of hot house 10, near floating steam attracting gas accumulation section 12 is installed.This induced-draught fan 30 starts, and the steam in gas accumulation section 12 will cover 20 from above-mentioned steam collection and be recovered to container 31 by conduit 32.
Exhaust blower 40 is installed for the manioca discarded object below that the high-temperature gas that will reclaim from gas accumulation section 12 is supplied in hot house 10.Being accommodated in the high-temperature gas that the manioca discarded object of filling part 11 blown out by exhaust blower 40 stirs.Increase the breeding of fermentative microflora by the Gas Stirring of this high-temperature gas.
Below, describe the compost method of manioca discarded object in detail referring to Fig. 4.
At first, prepare the pulp A of manioca and the dregs of fat B (referring to Fig. 1) (step S1) of manioca seed.Then, manioca discarded object and fermentative microflora C are by desirable mixed proportion metering (step S2).At this moment, separate (the step S3) such as rubbish comprised in the manioca discarded object.Then, the manioca discarded object is mixed with fermentative microflora C, adjust the amount of moisture (step S4) of this mixture simultaneously.And in the present embodiment, the high-temperature gas circulation that makes to accumulate in the gas accumulation section 12 of hot house 10 is supplied to the bottom side (step S5) of manioca discarded object.Then, the mixture of compost (step S6) is sieved, manufacture the carbonization compost.
The feature of<present embodiment carbide manufacture method >
In the manufacture method of the carbide of above-mentioned embodiment, the pulp A of the fruit of manioca (in figure for fruit rubbish) and the dregs of fat B from the seed oil expression of the fruit of manioca (below be considered as the manioca discarded object) etc. are mixed with fermentative microflora C, this mixture is supplied with to luminous energy and carry out carbonization.Thus, as shown in Figure 5, can obtain comprising the carbonization compost with the carbide (C) of cation and anion.This carbonization compost, as obtain solar light irradiation, cause the micro-vibration of carbon, enter in soil, produce a large amount of bubbles near the root of plant.As a result, the bubble that approximately 70% nitrogen forms is continued to absorb by the root of plant.That is to say, can obtain airborne nitrogen being fixed to the carbonization compost in soil.
In the manufacture method of the carbide of above-mentioned embodiment, by mixture is carried out to compost maintaining the temperature below 90 ℃ more than 80 ℃, can effectively generate the carbonization compost comprised with the carbon of cation and anion.
In addition, the pulp of manioca is Porous, is formed with the hole of diameter 70,000 nm (70 μ m).Thus, the manioca pulp of carbonization can be introduced the pollutant in soil (such as heavy metal and dyestuff etc.) in hole.Thus, can obtain the soil of high-quality.
In addition, in the manufacture method of the carbide of above-mentioned embodiment, by mixture, adding Boiler Ash, can make a large amount of fermentative microfloras live in peace in mixture, can effectively make the mixture carbonization, can improve the absorption efficiency of above-mentioned pollutant simultaneously
In addition, because of airborne nitrogen, enter in the hole of manioca pulp of carbonization, so airborne nitrogen can be fixed in soil.
In addition, the carbonization compost of being manufactured by the manufacture method of above-mentioned carbide, as obtain solar light irradiation, and carbon heating, weed seed dies because of this heat.Thus, alleviated the work load of removing weeds.And then because of the heating of carbon in the carbonization compost, soil is incubated, and can gather in the crops the fruit of high pol.
In addition, in the manufacture method of the carbide of above-mentioned embodiment, by using " KN bacterium " group, make fermentative microflora, can carry out at short notice the fermentation of carbonization compost by the synthesis with luminous energy.
In addition, " KN bacterium " group, because possessing two aspects of heliophilic and thermophilic, so, surpassing under the environment of 80 ℃, can carry out the fermentation of soil.Thus, utilize the bactericidal effect of solar ultraviolet, can obtain the carbonization compost that miscellaneous bacteria is died.
And " KN bacterium " group, because having halophilism, so can become the compost that salt concentration is low, can obtain the compost good to arable farming, simultaneously can be in salt damage area performance desalination effect.
In addition, by high-temperature gas that gas accumulation section 12 is accumulated, from the bottom side of manioca discarded object, blow out and stirred, the temperature of manioca discarded object is uniformly distributed, the bacterium swum in high-temperature gas by conveyance in the manioca discarded object.For this reason, bacterium evenly breeds, and promotes the compost treatment of manioca discarded object.
In addition, according to above-mentioned manufacture method, can obtain the atomic carbon black of diameter 3nm-500nm left and right carbon element.That is to say, from the manioca discarded object, can obtain being used in the high added value carbon black that rubber reinforcement material, black colorant, electric conductivity invest agent and active carbon etc.
In addition, according to above-mentioned manufacture method, can, in the carbonisation of manioca discarded object, obtain pyrolkigneous liquid.That is to say, can obtain as food processing and tackle the high added value pyrolkigneous liquid that the effective agricultural chemicals of insect is used from the manioca discarded object.
In addition, according to above-mentioned manufacture method, the manioca discarded object that can not want from extracting oil etc. creates carbonization compost, carbon black and pyrolkigneous liquid etc.That is to say, as used the manufacture method of present embodiment, can create from the manioca that becomes discarded object the proprietary concentrate of high additive value.Thus, can seek the reduction of discarded object, thereby CO 2discharge capacity can be cut down.
In addition, due to the sunshine that is used as luminous energy, thus need not use electric energy, thus the energy saved.
Embodiment
Below, use embodiment, further describe the present invention.
Embodiment 1
After adding the KN bacterium to the manioca discarded object, make this manioca discarded object carry out the carbonization compost in the hot house 10 shown in Fig. 3.
Measure as previously discussed the radioiodine adsorption rate of the carbide obtained, its value is 710mg/g.In addition, measured the salinity clearance in the soil that this carbide causes, its result is as shown in table 1.
[table 1]
Figure BDA00003599328600111
Above, embodiments of the present invention and embodiment have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but concrete formation should be not limited to these embodiments.Scope of the present invention, be not limited to the explanation of above-mentioned embodiment, simultaneously also as shown in claims, more comprise with claims equivalent meanings and scope in all changes.

Claims (8)

1. the manufacture method of a carbide, to the fruit of manioca, derive from described manioca fruit material and derive from least a kind of material of material of sugarcane and the mixture of fermentative microflora is supplied with luminous energy and carried out carbonization.
2. the manufacture method of carbide as claimed in claim 1, also comprise Boiler Ash in described mixture.
3. the manufacture method of carbide as claimed in claim 1 or 2, described mixture maintains the temperature below 90 ℃ more than 80 ℃ and carries out carbonization.
4. as the manufacture method of the described carbide of any one of claims 1 to 3, in described fermentative microflora, at least comprise photosynthetic bacteria, photo-thermal bacterium, lactic acid bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, saccharomycete and actinomyces.
5. a carbide, the manufacture method manufacture of the described carbide of its any one according to claim 1 to 4.
6. a pyrolkigneous liquid, it comprises carbide claimed in claim 5.
7. a radioactive substance is removed material, usings carbide claimed in claim 5 as active ingredient.
8. one kind is removed salt material, usings carbide claimed in claim 5 as active ingredient.
CN201280007199XA 2011-01-31 2012-01-31 Method for producing carbide, carbide, wood vinegar solution, radioactive substance-removing material and salt-removing material Pending CN103459053A (en)

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