CN103456263A - 有机发光显示设备及其驱动方法 - Google Patents

有机发光显示设备及其驱动方法 Download PDF

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CN103456263A
CN103456263A CN2012103743454A CN201210374345A CN103456263A CN 103456263 A CN103456263 A CN 103456263A CN 2012103743454 A CN2012103743454 A CN 2012103743454A CN 201210374345 A CN201210374345 A CN 201210374345A CN 103456263 A CN103456263 A CN 103456263A
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贾智铉
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Samsung Display Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供能够稳定地补偿驱动晶体管的阈值电压的有机发光显示设备。本发明的有机发光显示设备具有：多个像素，每个像素包括驱动晶体管，通过初始化电源对所述驱动晶体管的栅极电压进行初始化；灰度判断部，利用由外部提供的数据生成灰度值；和初始化电源生成部，根据所述灰度值控制所述初始化电源的电压值。

Description

有机发光显示设备及其驱动方法
技术领域
本发明涉及有机发光显示设备及其驱动方法，特别是提供一种能够稳定补偿驱动晶体管的阈值电压的有机发光显示设备及其驱动方法。
背景技术
近年来，正开发能够减少作为阴极射线管(Cathode Ray Tube)的缺点的重量与体积的各种平板显示设备。平板显示设备包括液晶显示器(Liquid Crystal Display)、场致发射显示器(Field Emission Display)、等离子显示面板(Plasma Display Panel)以及有机发光显示设备(Organic Light Emitting Display Device)等。
平板显示设备中，有机发光显示设备利用由电子与空穴的再结合而发光的有机发光二极管来显示图像，其具有反应速度快，并以低功耗驱动的优点。
有机发光显示设备包括多个数据线、扫描线及以矩阵形态排列在电源线的交叉部上的多个像素。像素通常由有机发光二极管、包括驱动晶体管的两个以上的晶体管以及一个以上的电容器构成。
这种有机发光显示设备虽有低功耗的优点，但由于包括于各像素的驱动晶体管的阈值电压的偏差，使在有机发光二极管流过的电流量产生变化而导致显示不均匀。也就是说，驱动晶体管的特性会根据包括于各像素的驱动晶体管的制造工序的变量因素而变化。事实上，在目前的工序中是无法让有机发光显示设备的所有晶体管具有完全一致的特性，因此会产生驱动晶体管阈值电压的偏差。
为了克服这一问题提出了给各像素追加由多个晶体管和电容器形成的补偿电路的方法。补偿电路会在供给扫描信号的期间以二极管形式连接驱动晶体管，以此补偿驱动晶体管阈值电压的偏差。
另一方面，为了提高图像质量，近年来提出了用高分辨率和/或高驱动频率驱动的方法。然而，当面板用高分辨率和/或高驱动频率驱动时，在低亮度区域没有阈值电压的补偿而存在产生低亮度斑点的问题。具体地讲，在呈现低亮度图像时，低电流流过像素，因此在规定的时间(供给扫描信号期间)内不会补偿阈值电压。
发明内容
因此，本发明实施方式的目的在于，提供能够稳定地补偿驱动晶体管阈值电压的有机发光显示设备及其驱动方法。
本发明实施方式提供的有机发光显示设备具有：多个像素，每个像素包括驱动晶体管，通过初始化电源对所述驱动晶体管的栅极电压进行初始化；灰度判断部，利用由外部提供的数据生成灰度值；和初始化电源生成部，根据所述灰度值控制所述初始化电源的电压值。
优选地，所述灰度值是一帧数据的平均值。所述灰度值是一帧数据中最低灰度的数据。所述灰度值是一水平线数据的平均值。所述灰度值是一水平线数据中最低灰度的数据。
所述初始化电源生成部控制所述初始化电源以使从低亮度的灰度值趋向高亮度的灰度值时电压降低。所述初始化电源生成部根据所述灰度值控制初始化电源，使数据信号和初始化电源之间在低亮度被设定为具有第一电压差绝对值，而在高亮度则被设定为具有不同于所述第一电压差绝对值的第二电压差绝对值。所述第二电压差绝对值被设定为高于所述第一电压差绝对值的电压。
所述多个像素分别包括：有机发光二极管；所述驱动晶体管，用于控制供给至所述有机发光二极管的电流量；和第二晶体管，连接于所述驱动晶体管的栅极和所述初始化电源生成部之间。所述多个像素还分别包括用于使所述驱动晶体管连接成二极管形式的第三晶体管。
本发明实施方式提供的有机发光显示设备的驱动方法，所述有机发光显示设备包括用于利用初始化电源对驱动晶体管的栅极电压进行初始化的多个像素，所述有机发光显示设备的驱动方法包括：利用由外部提供的数据提取灰度值的步骤；和根据所述灰度值控制所述初始化电源电压值的步骤。
根据本发明实施方式提供的有机发光显示设备及其驱动方法，根据利用数据生成的灰度，调节初始化电源的电压，由此使驱动晶体管的阈值电压不受灰度的影响，能够稳定地得到补偿。
附图说明
图1是表示本发明实施方式的有机发光显示设备的图。
图2是表示在图1所示的初始化电源生成部生成的初始化电源的实施方式的图。
图3是表示图1所示的像素的实施方式的电路图。
图4是表示供给至图3所示的像素的驱动波的波形图。
符号说明
110:扫描驱动部        120:数据驱动部
130:像素部            140:像素
142:像素电路          150:定时控制部
160:灰度判断部        170:初始化电源生成部
具体实施方式
为了使本领域技术人员更能容易实施本发明，以下，参照图1至图4进行详细说明。
图1是表示本发明实施方式的有机发光显示设备的图。
如图1所示，本发明实施方式提供的有机发光显示设备包括：像素部130，包括位于多个扫描线S1~Sn和多个数据线D1~Dm的交叉部的多个像素140；扫描驱动部110，用于驱动多个扫描线S1~Sn和多个发光控制线E1~En；数据驱动部120，用于驱动多个数据线D1~Dm；以及定时控制部150，用于控制扫描驱动部110和数据驱动部120。
另外，本发明实施方式提供的有机发光显示设备包括：利用外部提供的数据Data判断灰度(或亮度)的灰度判断部160；以及根据灰度判断部160判断的灰度，控制初始化电源Vint的电压值的初始化电源生成部170。
定时控制部150根据由外部提供的同步信号，生成数据驱动控制信号DCS和扫描驱动控制信号SCS。在定时控制部150产生的数据驱动控制信号DCS供给到数据驱动部120，扫描驱动控制信号SCS供给到扫描驱动部110。而且，定时控制部150把由外部提供的数据Data供给到数据驱动部120。
扫描驱动部110从定时控制部150接收扫描驱动控制信号SCS。得到扫描驱动控制信号SCS的扫描驱动部110生成扫描信号，再把生成的扫描信号按顺序供给至多个扫描线S1~Sn。另外，扫描驱动部110响应扫描驱动控制信号SCS生成发光控制信号，并把生成的发光控制信号按顺序供给至多个发光控制线E1~En。在此，发光控制信号的宽度被设定为与扫描信号的宽度相同或更宽。例如，供给到第i个(i是自然数)发光控制线Ei的发光控制信号，将与供给到第i-1个及第i个扫描线Si－1、Si的扫描信号相重叠而供给。
数据驱动部120从定时控制部150接收数据驱动控制信号DCS。接收数据驱动控制信号DCS的数据驱动部120生成数据信号，并供给至多个数据线D1~Dm，且使生成的数据信号与扫描信号同步。
像素部130从外部得到第一电源ELVDD和第二电源ELVSS并提供给各像素140。各像素140具有根据数据信号控制经由有机发光二极管从第一电源ELVDD供给至第二电源ELVSS的电流量的驱动晶体管。在供给数据信号之前，驱动晶体管的栅极被初始化为初始化电源Vint的电压。
灰度判断部160从外部接收数据Data，并通过接收的数据Data生成灰度值。在此，灰度值可以被选为一帧数据Data的平均值，或一帧数据Data中最低灰度的数据。另外，灰度值可以被选为一水平线数据Data的平均值，或一水平线数据Data中最低灰度的数据。
当灰度值被选为最低灰度的数据时，控制初始化电源Vint的电压，以使驱动晶体管的阈值电压在低亮度得到稳定的补偿。而且，由于一帧或一水平线的数据通常被设置为相似灰度，因此，即使由最低灰度数据控制初始化电源Vint的电压，在多个像素140还是能够稳定地补偿阈值电压。
当灰度值选为平均值时，根据在多个像素140呈现的亮度控制初始化电源Vint的电压，使驱动晶体管的阈值电压得到稳定的补偿。
初始化电源生成部170根据灰度判断部160提供的灰度值控制初始化电源Vint的电压。在此，如图2所示，初始化电源生成部170使亮度的灰度值越高则初始化电源Vint的电压越低。此时，在低亮度，数据信号和初始化电源Vint之间被设定为具有第一电压差V1的绝对值；而在高亮度，数据信号和初始化电源Vint之间被设定为具有高于第一电压差V1绝对值的第二电压差V2的绝对值。
另一方面，在低亮度的灰度，数据信号和初始化电源Vint之间设定为具有第一电压差V1的绝对值、即设定为具有低电压差时，包括于各像素140的驱动晶体管的栅极能够根据少的电流量从初始化电源Vint的电压稳定地上升到数据信号的电压。即，在本发明中，即使在表现为低亮度时，也能够在像素140稳定地补偿阈值电压。
另外，在高亮度的灰度，数据信号和初始化电源Vint之间设定为具有第二电压差V2的绝对值。在此，表现为高亮度时，流过高电流，因而从初始化电源Vint的电压能够稳定地上升到数据信号的电压。
如上所述，在本发明中，根据对应一帧或一水平线的灰度值控制初始化电源Vint的电压，从而能够稳定地补偿包括于各像素140的驱动晶体管的阈值电压。
图3表示图1所示的像素的实施方式的电路图。为了方便说明，图3所示的是连接于第m数据线Dm、第n扫描线Sn、第n-1扫描线Sn-1及第n发光控制线En的像素。
如图3所示，本发明实施方式提供的像素140包括：有机发光二极管OLED；和像素电路142，与数据线Dm、扫描线Sn-1、Sn及发光控制线En连接而用于控制供给到有机发光二极管OLED的电流量。
有机发光二极管OLED的阳极与像素电路142连接，阴极与第二电源ELVSS连接。在此，第二电源ELVSS的电压值设定为低于第一电源ELVDD的电压值。这样的有机发光二极管OLED根据由像素电路142供给的电流量生成规定亮度的光。
当扫描信号供给到扫描线Sn时，像素电路142根据供给到数据线Dm的数据信号，控制供给到有机发光二极管OLED的电流量。为此，像素电路142具有第一至第六晶体管M1~M6和存储电容器Cst。
第四晶体管M4的第一电极与数据线Dm连接，第二电极与第一节点N1连接。另外，第四晶体管M4的栅极与第n扫描线Sn连接。这种第四晶体管M4，在扫描信号供给到第n扫描线Sn时被接通，将供给至数据线Dm的数据信号供给到第一节点N1。
第一晶体管M1的第一电极与第一节点N1连接，第二电极与第六晶体管M6的第一电极连接。另外，第一晶体管M1的栅极与第二节点N2连接。这种第一晶体管M1将对应于充电至存储电容器Cst的电压的电流供给到有机发光二极管OLED。
第三晶体管M3的第一电极与第六晶体管M6的第一电极连接，第二电极与第二节点N2连接。另外，第三晶体管M3的栅极与第n扫描线Sn连接。这种第三晶体管M3，在扫描信号供给至第n扫描线Sn时被接通，将第一晶体管M1连接成二极管形式。
第二晶体管M2在第二节点N2和初始化电源Vint之间连接。另外，第二晶体管M2的栅极与第n-1扫描线Sn-1连接。这种第二晶体管M2，在扫描信号供给到第n-1扫描线Sn-1时被接通，将初始化电源Vint的电压供给至第二节点N2。在此，初始化电源Vint设定为低于数据信号的电压。
第五晶体管M5的第一电极与第一电源ELVDD连接，第二电极与第一节点N1连接。另外，第五晶体管M5的栅极与发光控制线En连接。这种第五晶体管M5，在没有从发光控制线En供给发光控制信号时被接通而将第一电源ELVDD和第一节点N1电连接。
第六晶体管M6的第一电极与第一晶体管M1的第二电极连接，第二电极与有机发光二极管OLED的阳极连接。另外，第六晶体管M6的栅极与发光控制线En连接。这种第六晶体管M6，在没有发光控制信号的供给时被接通，从而将从第一晶体管M1供给的电流供给到有机发光二极管OLED。
图4是表示供给到图3所示的像素的驱动波的波形图。
如图4所示，首先扫描信号供给到第n-1扫描线Sn-1，使第二晶体管M2被接通。当第二晶体管M2接通时，初始化电源Vint的电压供给至第二节点N2。
在此，初始化电源Vint的电压根据灰度判断部160的灰度值自动被确定。也就是说，当低亮度的灰度时被设定为高电压，高亮度的灰度时则被设定为低电压。只是，初始化电源Vint设定为低于数据信号的电压。
向第二节点N2供给初始化电源Vint的电压后，扫描信号供给到第n扫描线Sn。当扫描信号供给到第n扫描线Sn时，第三晶体管M3和第四晶体管M4被接通。当第四晶体管M4接通时，供给至数据线Dm的数据信号被供给到第一节点N1。这时，因第二节点N2已被初始化为初始化电源Vint的电压，第一晶体管M1被接通。这样，供给至第一节点N1的数据信号，经由以二极管形式连接的第一晶体管M1，供给至第二节点N2。第二节点N2的电压上升至从数据信号的电压减去第一晶体管M1的阈值电压的电压。
另一方面，因为初始化电源Vint的电压是根据灰度值而定，因此，当供给与低亮度的灰度相对应的数据信号时，第二节点N2的电压上升量被设定为低值，当供给与高亮度的灰度相对应的数据信号时，第二节点N2的电压上升量被设定为高值。即，因为本发明是根据灰度值确定初始化电源Vint的电压，所以能够根据数据信号的电压稳定地补偿第一晶体管M1的阈值电压。
施加到第二节点N2的电压存储于存储电容器Cst。规定的电压充电至存储电容器Cst后，发光控制信号向发光控制线En的供给被中断而使第五晶体管M5和第六晶体管M6被接通。当第五晶体管M5和第六晶体管M6接通时，就会形成从第一电源ELVDD至有机发光二极管OLED的电流路径。此时，第一晶体管M1根据充电至存储电容器Cst的电压，控制从第一电源ELVDD流向有机发光二极管OLED的电流量。
虽然在上述说明中图示的像素140是包括六个晶体管以及一个电容器，但本发明并不局限于此。实际上，本发明可适用于使驱动晶体管M1、即第一晶体管连接成二极管形式来补偿驱动晶体管M1的阈值电压的各种形式的像素。实际上，当驱动晶体管M1连接成二极管形式时，利用初始化电源Vint将驱动晶体管M1的栅极电压初始化。
虽然本发明的技术思想根据上述优选实施方式具体描述，但需要注意的是，上述实施方式只是为了便于其说明，并不为了进行限定。另外，相信只要是本领域技术人员都能理解在本发明的技术思想范围内还可实现多样的变形方式。

Claims (16)

1.一种有机发光显示设备，其特征在于，具有：
多个像素，每个像素包括驱动晶体管，通过初始化电源对所述驱动晶体管的栅极电压进行初始化；
灰度判断部，利用由外部提供的数据生成灰度值；和
初始化电源生成部，根据所述灰度值控制所述初始化电源的电压值。
2.根据权利要求1所述的有机发光显示设备，其特征在于，
所述灰度值是一帧数据的平均值。
3.根据权利要求1所述的有机发光显示设备，其特征在于，
所述灰度值是一帧数据中最低灰度的数据。
4.根据权利要求1所述的有机发光显示设备，其特征在于，
所述灰度值是一水平线数据的平均值。
5.根据权利要求1所述的有机发光显示设备，其特征在于，
所述灰度值是一水平线数据中最低灰度的数据。
6.根据权利要求1所述的有机发光显示设备，其特征在于，
所述初始化电源生成部控制所述初始化电源以使从低亮度的灰度值趋向高亮度的灰度值时电压降低。
7.根据权利要求1所述的有机发光显示设备，其特征在于，
所述初始化电源生成部根据所述灰度值控制所述初始化电源，使数据信号和初始化电源之间在低亮度被设定为具有第一电压差绝对值，而在高亮度则被设定为具有不同于所述第一电压差绝对值的第二电压差绝对值。
8.根据权利要求7所述的有机发光显示设备，其特征在于，
所述第二电压差绝对值被设定为高于所述第一电压差绝对值的电压。
9.根据权利要求1所述的有机发光显示设备，其特征在于，
所述多个像素分别包括：
有机发光二极管；
所述驱动晶体管，用于控制供给至所述有机发光二极管的电流量；和
第二晶体管，连接于所述驱动晶体管的栅极和所述初始化电源生成部之间。
10.根据权利要求9所述的有机发光显示设备，其特征在于，
所述多个像素还分别包括用于使所述驱动晶体管连接成二极管形式的第三晶体管。
11.一种有机发光显示设备的驱动方法，所述有机发光显示设备包括利用初始化电源对驱动晶体管的栅极电压进行初始化的多个像素，所述有机发光显示设备的驱动方法的特征在于，
包括：利用由外部提供的数据提取灰度值的步骤；和
根据所述灰度值控制所述初始化电源的电压值的步骤。
12.根据权利要求11所述的有机发光显示设备的驱动方法，其特征在于，
所述灰度值是一帧数据的平均值。
13.根据权利要求11所述的有机发光显示设备的驱动方法，其特征在于，
所述灰度值是一帧数据中最低灰度的数据。
14.根据权利要求11所述的有机发光显示设备的驱动方法，其特征在于，
所述灰度值是一水平线数据的平均值。
15.根据权利要求11所述的有机发光显示设备的驱动方法，其特征在于，
所述灰度值是一水平线数据中最低灰度的数据。
16.根据权利要求11所述的有机发光显示设备的驱动方法，其特征在于，
所述初始化电源设定为从低亮度的灰度值趋向高亮度的灰度值时电压降低。
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