CN103452821B - 防喷抽油泵 - Google Patents

防喷抽油泵 Download PDF

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CN103452821B
CN103452821B CN201310399675.3A CN201310399675A CN103452821B CN 103452821 B CN103452821 B CN 103452821B CN 201310399675 A CN201310399675 A CN 201310399675A CN 103452821 B CN103452821 B CN 103452821B
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blowout prevention
plunger
tube
elasticity
lock tube
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CN103452821A (zh
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易鲁川
刘庆
罗鹏曦
郎立术
许海玲
丁华
卢毅
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SUICHUAN HECHUANG METAL NEW MATERIAL Co.,Ltd.
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Abstract

一种防喷抽油泵,泵筒、连接管、进油阀依次连接,柱塞下部安装出油阀,连接管的内径大于泵筒的内径,出油阀的下部安装弹性锁爪,内锁管悬挂在弹性锁爪下部铣开成的条体的台肩上,悬挂面为锥形面,外锁套包住弹性锁爪下部铣开成的条体,外锁套由弹簧支撑,防喷柱塞内放置防喷阀球后与内锁管的下部连接,弹性锁爪内安装压杆,压杆的下部压住防喷阀球,内锁管的上部与防喷柱塞的下部相通,外锁套的外径大于泵筒的内径,柱塞带动外锁套上行至泵筒与连接管之间形成的台肩面处,外锁套脱离弹性锁爪下部铣开成的条体,在轴向力作用下弹性锁爪下部铣开成的条体向外扩张,使弹性锁爪与内锁管分离,压杆随柱塞被提走,防喷阀球上升堵塞防喷柱塞的通道。

Description

防喷抽油泵
技术领域
本发明是油田抽油井用的抽油防喷设备,是一种防喷抽油泵。
背景技术
当油井井口有压力的情况下进行作业时就会发生井喷,出现重大工程事故。为了防止发生井喷,这时只有对油井进行压井作业。压井是向井筒或地层打入高密度液体,使井底压力高于地层压力,地层高压液体不能流入井筒喷向地面。由于压井使井底压力高于地层压力,就会发生地层被压死的问题,使油层受到污染,减少油井产量,产生重大经济损失。
发明内容
本发明的目的是设计一种防喷抽油泵,检泵提抽油杆时使管柱底部关闭,不会发生井喷,不用采取压井作业。
本发明的目的是这样实现的:包括泵筒、柱塞、连接管、出油阀、进油阀,泵筒、连接管、进油阀依次连接,柱塞下部安装出油阀,柱塞与泵筒配合密封,连接管的内径大于泵筒的内径,泵筒的内直径与连接管的内直径差在泵筒与连接管之间形成台肩面,还包括弹性锁爪、压杆、内锁管、外锁套、防喷阀球、防喷柱塞,出油阀的下部安装弹性锁爪,弹性锁爪的下部铣开成条体,内锁管悬挂在弹性锁爪下部铣开成的条体的台肩上,悬挂面为锥形面,外锁套包住弹性锁爪下部铣开成的条体,外锁套由弹簧支撑,防喷柱塞内放置防喷阀球后与内锁管的下部连接,弹性锁爪内安装压杆,压杆的下部压住防喷阀球,使防喷阀球不堵塞防喷柱塞的上部通道,内锁管的上部与防喷柱塞的下部相通,外锁套的外径大于泵筒的内径。
内锁管的上部与防喷柱塞的下部相通,能正常抽油生产。检泵提抽油杆时,柱塞带动外锁套上行至泵筒与连接管之间形成的台肩面处,外锁套被挡住,外锁套脱离弹性锁爪下部铣开成的条体,在轴向力的作用下弹性锁爪下部铣开成的条体
向外扩张,使弹性锁爪与内锁管分离,压杆随柱塞被提走,防喷阀球上升堵塞防喷柱塞的通道,由于防喷柱塞与连接管之间的间隙较小,井液不能向上喷出,不会发生井喷,不用采取压井作业,油层不会受到污染,不会影响油井产量,井口可以安全作业,因此,本发明具有显著的经济效益和社会效益。
附图说明
附图1是本发明实施例的结构图。
附图2是附图1中件5的形状图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的实施例进行说明。
由图可知,本发明的实施例包括泵筒1、柱塞2、连接管3、出油阀4、弹性锁爪5、压杆6、内锁管7、外锁套8、防喷阀球10、防喷柱塞12、进油阀14,泵筒1、连接管3、进油阀14依次连接,柱塞2下部安装出油阀4,出油阀4也可安装在柱塞2的上部,或上下部各安装一套出油阀4,柱塞2与泵筒1配合密封,连接管3的内径大于泵筒1的内径,泵筒1的内直径与连接管3的内直径差在泵筒1与连接管3之间形成台肩面,出油阀4的下部安装弹性锁爪5,弹性锁爪5的下部铣开成条体,内锁管7悬挂在弹性锁爪5下部铣开成的条体的台肩上,悬挂面为锥形面,可以产生径向分力,外锁套8包住弹性锁爪5下部铣开成的条体,外锁套8由弹簧9支撑,防喷柱塞12内放置防喷阀球10后与内锁管7的下部连接,弹性锁爪5内安装压杆6,压杆6上设置了通道,不会堵塞弹性锁爪5的内部通道,压杆6的下部压住防喷阀球10,使防喷阀球10离开设置在防喷柱塞12与内锁管7之间的阀座,防喷阀球10不堵塞防喷柱塞12的上部通道,内锁管7的上部与防喷柱塞12的下部相通,外锁套8的外径大于泵筒1的内径,用于释放防喷柱塞12。
本发明的进一步措施是防喷柱塞12内安装防喷弹簧11,防喷弹簧11处于防喷阀球10之下,防喷弹簧11支撑起防喷阀球10,压杆6压住防喷阀球10时防喷弹簧11处于压缩状态,压杆6抽出后防喷弹簧11将防喷阀球10推高到堵塞防喷柱塞12的状态。防喷弹簧11安装在有通孔的座上,液流可以在防喷柱塞12内流动,如果防喷阀球10的密度低于井液的密度,可以不安装防喷弹簧11。
防喷柱塞12与连接管3的直径差为0.1-1.5mm,可以使液流产生节流,井口不会发生井喷。
防喷柱塞12上安装密封装置13,用于密封防喷柱塞12与连接管3之间的间隙。有密封装置13,防喷柱塞12与连接管3之间的间隙能完全密封,没有密封装置13,防喷柱塞12与连接管3之间的间隙不能完全密封,但只有少量漏失,不会发生井喷。
下井时,泵筒1、连接管3、内锁管7、外锁套8、防喷阀球10、防喷弹簧11、防喷柱塞12、进油阀14随油管下井。柱塞2、出油阀4、弹性锁爪5、压杆6随抽油杆下井。弹性锁爪5先接触到外锁套8将其向下压,在内锁管7上的台肩作用下弹性锁爪5的下部条体向外扩张,弹簧9被压缩,待弹性锁爪5的内台肩与内锁管7上的台肩悬挂上后外锁套8被弹簧9推至包住弹性锁爪5的下部条体,使弹性锁爪5下部铣开成的条体不能向内收缩,也不能向外扩张,将内锁管7之下的部件连接成一体,连接成一体的目的是使压杆6始终压住防喷阀球10,保证流道畅通。

Claims (4)

1.一种防喷抽油泵,包括泵筒(1)、柱塞(2)、连接管(3)、出油阀(4)、进油阀(14),泵筒(1)、连接管(3)、进油阀(14)依次连接,柱塞(2)下部安装出油阀(4),柱塞(2)与泵筒(1)配合密封,连接管(3)的内径大于泵筒(1)的内径,泵筒(1)的内直径与连接管(3)的内直径差在泵筒(1)与连接管(3)之间形成台肩面,其特征是:还包括弹性锁爪(5)、压杆(6)、内锁管(7)、外锁套(8)、防喷阀球(10)、防喷柱塞(12),出油阀(4)的下部安装弹性锁爪(5),弹性锁爪(5)的下部铣开成条体,内锁管(7)悬挂在弹性锁爪(5)下部铣开成的条体的台肩上,悬挂面为锥形面,外锁套(8)包住弹性锁爪(5)下部铣开成的条体,外锁套(8)由弹簧(9)支撑,防喷柱塞(12)内放置防喷阀球(10)后与内锁管(7)的下部连接,弹性锁爪(5)内安装压杆(6),压杆(6)的下部压住防喷阀球(10),使防喷阀球(10)不堵塞防喷柱塞(12)的上部通道,内锁管(7)的上部与防喷柱塞(12)的下部相通,外锁套(8)的外径大于泵筒(1)的内径。
2.根据权利要求1所述的防喷抽油泵,其特征是:防喷柱塞(12)内安装防喷弹簧(11),防喷弹簧(11)处于防喷阀球(10)之下,防喷弹簧(11)支撑起防喷阀球(10)。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的防喷抽油泵,其特征是:防喷柱塞(12)与连接管(3)的直径差为0.1-1.5mm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的防喷抽油泵,其特征是:防喷柱塞(12)上安装密封装置(13)。
CN201310399675.3A 2013-09-04 2013-09-04 防喷抽油泵 Active CN103452821B (zh)

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CN107120102A (zh) * 2017-05-26 2017-09-01 天津昱利赢石油科技有限公司 长冲程酸化压裂联动排液抽油泵
CN115749701B (zh) * 2022-12-06 2023-11-17 山东威马泵业股份有限公司 一种防喷管式抽油泵

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