CN103449881B - Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium formulated fertilizer suitable for growth of air pineapples and fertilizing method - Google Patents
Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium formulated fertilizer suitable for growth of air pineapples and fertilizing method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium formulated fertilizer suitable for the growth of air pineapples. In the fertilizer, a Hoagland's nutrient solution serves as a solvent; the concentration of the nitrogen added into the solvent is 100 to 120 mg.L<-1>, the concentration of the phosphorus added into the solvent is 40 to 80 mg.L<-1>, and the concentration of the potassium added into the solvent is 220 to 240 mg.L<-1>. Experiments show that nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium can promote the vegetative growth of the air pineapples; but not the higher the concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are, the better the air pineapples are; the effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on the vegetative growth have an obvious interaction, moreover, only when the concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are proper, the interaction can be obvious, and the growth of plants can be promoted better; when the concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are respectively 110.34, 61.1125 and 238.325 mg.L<-1>, the vegetative growth amount of the plants reaches a maximum value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of formula fertilizer, relate in particular to a kind of nitrogen phosphorus potassium formula fertilizer and fertilizing method that is suitable for growth of Tillandsia.
Background technology
Tillandsia, claims again " gas pig iron orchid ", is Bromelia family (Bromeliaceae) Tillandsia (Tillandsia) per nnial herb.Tillandsia is divided into 6 subgenus, comprises kind more than 500, and wherein gas non-hibernating eggs more than 200 is planted.Plant is rosette-stape, tubular, wire or radial, and blade has lanceolar, linear, upright, bending or tip bending.The white scale of the close quilt of blade surface, spike or compound spike are extracted out from leafage central authorities, the petal sheet that Hua Sui growth is intensive and beautiful in colour or green to silvery white bract, small pod peanut, within bract, has green, purple, red, white, yellow, blue isochrome, 3, petal, capsule, seed belt pappus.In originating in, the torrid zone or the subtropical zone of South America.China is in recent years from external introducing air pineapple, Tillandsia is applied at present to many aspects such as environmental monitoring, indoor " soft finishing " and Landscape, the Tillandsia products such as plant mural, sunglo curtain are very popular, but the price comparison costliness of Tillandsia, marked price conventionally hundreds of unit to several thousand yuan not etc., so innovation modes of reproduction, reduce costs, break away from the situation of dependence on import, it is the only way which must be passed that we successfully introduce Tillandsia to the market that Tillandsia is turned to industrialization development from the consumption of interest type.But the biological characteristics of Tillandsia determines its poor growth, as by Foliage Absorption water and nutrient, crassulacean acid metabolism etc., therefore study suitable nutritious fertilizer, promote its healthy and strong growth, be the basic of industrialization.
Tillandsia research abroad focuses mostly on aspect atmospheric pollution plant indicator, mainly concentrates at home the research of cultivation technique and optimal growth conditions.Tillandsia, as air plant, mainly relies on the fine hair of blade surface to absorb airborne moisture and nutritive substance, grows extremely slow, and sprays the suitable fertilizer illumination moisture of abundance in addition to it, can promote robust plant.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the object of the invention is to for the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of nitrogen phosphorus potassium formula fertilizer that can promote Tillandsia Fast Growth is provided.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the fertilizing method of this nitrogen phosphorus potassium formula fertilizer.
Technical scheme: the nitrogen phosphorus potassium formula fertilizer that is suitable for growth of Tillandsia of the present invention, taking the international nutritive medium of Gram suddenly as solvent, the concentration that adds nitrogen in solvent is 100～120mgL
-1, the concentration of phosphorus is 40～80mgL
-1, the concentration of potassium is 220～240mgL
-1.
Preferably, in solvent, adding the concentration of nitrogen is 110.34mgL
-1, the concentration of phosphorus is 61.1125mgL
-1, the concentration of potassium is 238.325mgL
-1.
Concrete fertilizing method is: utilize described formula fertilizer to carry out foliage application to Tillandsia, spray weekly fertilizer once.
The present invention compared with prior art, its beneficial effect is: test shows, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium can promote nourishing and growing of Tillandsia, but not its concentration is more high better, the effect that nitrogen phosphorus potassium is nourished and grown to Tillandsia has obvious interaction, and its concentration when suitable interaction could significantly, better promote the growth of plant, when nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium concn are respectively 110.34,61.1125,238.325mgL
-1time, plant vegetative growth amount reaches maximum value.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the interaction diagram of NP to plant height.
Fig. 2 is the interaction diagram of NK to plant height.
The interaction diagram of Fig. 3 PK to plant height.
Embodiment
Below technical solution of the present invention is elaborated, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to described embodiment.
Embodiment 1
1 materials and methods
1.1 test materials
Be Lu Bula Tillandsia (Tillandsia ionantha rubra) in good health, growing way is consistent for examination material.
1.2 test method
Test in 2010 Wen Luo greenhouses, science and technology demonstration district of Nian4-6Yue Jiangsu Polytechnic College of Agriculture and Forestry and carry out.Test, with reference to international Hoagland nutrient solution prescription, adds respectively nitrogen, phosphorus, the potassium of different concns proportioning, is made into complete nutrition liquid, and in table 1, foliage application once, carried out the mensuration of plant height, hat width, dry weight every 15 days weekly.In experiment, use the specification of chemical fertilizer be respectively urea nitrogenous>=46.3%, SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC is containing P
2o
5>=45.5, Repone K is containing K
2o>=63%.
1.3 fertilizer formula screening methods
Fertilizer formula is the combination of azophoska optimum fertilizing amount, and it is determined and has considered plant height, hat width, these 3 main proterties of dry weight, analyzes in two steps:
The first step, taking single proterties as target, is calculated respectively nitrogen phosphorus potassium Maximal amount.Setting a certain proterties data is target Y, fertilizers input amount is variable X, utilize One-place 2-th Order, dihydric phenol, ternary Quadratic Regression Analysis, set up fertilizer efficiency model, calculate maximum rate of fertilizer application, screen according to 4 indexs of reasonableness of the differentiation of fertilizer efficiency model extreme difference, the detection of F value, the detection of R value, maximum rate of fertilizer application again, obtain the maximum rate of fertilizer application that a certain character pair is answered.
Second step is by the importance of each proterties, and the weight of giving respectively plant height, hat width, dry weight is 0.5,0.3 and 0.2, after the maximum rate of fertilizer application weighting that various trait is drawn, draws maximum rate of fertilizer application.
At the aggregation of data index of every proterties, preferably time, it is maximum that the amount of nourishing and growing of Tillandsia reaches, and therefore, in this research, maximum rate of fertilizer application is considered as to optimum fertilizing amount, and fertilizer formula is the combination of azophoska maximum rate of fertilizer application namely.
The table 1 proportioning treatment process of applying fertilizer
2 results and analysis
The impact of 2.1 different treatment on growth increment
The impact of the different mineral element levels of table 2 on growth increment
Note: different alphabetical persons represent significant difference (P<0.05) in same row, following table is same.
As seen from Table 2, the plant height of the processing N0P0K0 not applying fertilizer, hat width and dry weight are all low than the processing of fertilising, illustrate that fertilizer can promote the growth of Tillandsia; It is little on the impact of plant height and hat width that but nitrogen stress is processed N0P2K2, lack phosphorus and process N2P0K2 on the impact of hat width not quite, it is little on plant height, hat width and dry weight impact that potassium deficiency is processed N2P2K0, illustrates that between three kinds of elements be correlative, likely between element, has substitution effect.
2.2 nitrogen squama potassium single factor analysis
As seen from Table 3, N, P, K have significant promoter action to plant height, hat width, dry weight, and the effect of the mineral element of the second level is the most remarkable,
The concentration of N is at 80-160mgL
-1between, the increment of plant is better, when the concentration of N reaches 240mgL
-1time, increment declines on the contrary; K concentration is at 40-80mgL
-1between, the increment of plant is better, when the concentration of N reaches 120mgL
-1time, increment obviously declines; Along with the rising of the concentration of potassium, plant-growth amount increases, and high potassium concentration do not reduce increment, illustrates that plant-growth is low to the susceptibility of potash fertilizer.
Table 3 different N, P, the impact of K level on growth increment
2.3 nitrogen phosphorus potassium interact
A factor in 3 factors of nitrogen phosphorus potassium is fixed as to 2 levels, can carries out interaction factor analysis to another two factor consumption effects.Make mutual scatter diagram with SPSS software, and make logic and smoothly scheme (LLR Smoother).Fig. 1 increases the amount of NP simultaneously, and plant height first increases afterwards and reduces; P is in the time of same level, and increasing N plant height also first increases afterwards and reduce, and is maximum value when N reaches 150 left and right; When N is lower, increases P and can effectively improve plant height increment; When N is higher, increases P and can not improve height growth.Fig. 2, when nitrogen potassium interacts: jointly increase with nitrogen potassium, plant height first increases afterwards and reduces, but its effect that increases effect when only increasing potassium is remarkable; In the time only increasing potassium, plant height increases significantly, along with the increase of the amount of nitrogen, can first suppress to promote afterwards plant height increase; While only increasing nitrogen, almost do not change, only, along with the increase of potassium amount just can significantly increase plant height, nitrogen and potassium only just have significant positive interaction under certain mixing ratio.When Fig. 3 phosphorus potassium interacts: jointly increase with phosphorus potassium application rate, the trend reducing afterwards appears first increasing in plant height increment; And while seeing separately phosphorus or potassium, the obvious effect of potassium to plant height, the impact of phosphorus is relatively little, shows that plant height is more accurate to the content requirement of phosphorus, in certain contrast content, there will be orthogonal effect.
2.4 fertilizer ratio screenings
Nourish and grow as target taking Tillandsia, use the same method and screen, first plant height is made as to target Y, each nutrient is made as variable, draws relational model and the maximum rate of fertilizer application (table 4) of Y and each nutrient.After utilizing in 1.3 3 standard screenings introducing, find, when plant height is target, adopt the data of linear model comparatively reasonable, regression Calculation show that the maximum rate of fertilizer application of nitrogen phosphorus potassium is respectively 83.68,63.55,195.65mgL
-1.
The regression analysis of table 4 plant height
Optimum fertilizing amount is obtained in table 5 weighting
3 conclusions
Test finds that the increment of control group, significantly lower than the processing that sprays fertilizer, illustrates that nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium can promote nourishing and growing of Tillandsia, but not its concentration is more high better, and the concentration of N is at 80-160mgL
-1between, the increment of plant is better, when the concentration of N reaches 240mgL
-1time, increment declines on the contrary, may make that plant transpiration dehydration increases with nitrogenous fertilizer excessive concentration, respiration is accelerated, Carbohydrate Accumulation reduces
[14-16]relevant; K concentration is at 40-80mgL
-1between, the increment of plant is better, when the concentration of N reaches 120mgL
-1time, increment obviously declines, and this may cause that plant respiration is poisoning with phosphate fertilizer excessive concentration, and the materials such as chlorophyll, protein are synthetic few, and metabolism is slowed down; Along with the rising of the concentration of potassium, plant-growth amount increases, and high potassium concentration do not reduce increment, illustrates that plant-growth is low to the susceptibility of potash fertilizer.
The effect that nitrogen phosphorus potassium is nourished and grown to Tillandsia has obvious interaction, and its concentration when suitable interaction could significantly, better promote the growth of plant, when nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium concn are respectively 110.34,61.1125,238.325mgL
-1time, plant vegetative growth amount reaches maximum value.
Embodiment 2
Be suitable for a nitrogen phosphorus potassium formula fertilizer for growth of Tillandsia, so that Gram nutritive medium is as solvent suddenly, the concentration of the nitrogen phosphorus potassium adding in solvent is as shown in table 6.
The nitrogen phosphorus potassium formula fertilizer that table 6 is different
| Test marshalling | N concentration (mgL -1） | P concentration (mgL -1） | K concentration (mgL -1） |
| Control group | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| First group | 110.34 | 61.1125 | 238.325 |
| Second group | 100 | 80 | 220 |
| The 3rd group | 120 | 40 | 240 |
| The 4th group | 115 | 70 | 230 |
| The 5th group | 80 | 40 | 200 |
| The 6th group | 160 | 80 | 100 |
| The 7th group | 240 | 80 | 200 |
| The 8th group | 160 | 80 | 200 |
Using Lu Bula Tillandsia in good health, growing way is consistent as subjects, adopt the nitrogen phosphorus potassium formula fertilizer of above-mentioned configuration to carry out foliage application to Tillandsia, spray weekly fertilizer once, carried out the mensuration of plant height, hat width, dry weight every 15 days.
The increment of different tests marshalling plant is in table 7.
The increment situation of table 7 different tests marshalling plant
| Test marshalling | Plant height (cm) | Hat width (cm) | Dry weight (cm) |
| Control group | 0.951 | 0.734 | 0.603 |
| First group | 1.532 | 1.428 | 1.301 |
| Second group | 1.501 | 1.394 | 1.283 |
| The 3rd group | 1.512 | 1.401 | 1.286 |
| The 4th group | 1.526 | 1.412 | 1.294 |
| The 5th group | 1.197 | 0.815 | 1.216 |
| The 6th group | 1.258 | 1.049 | 1.032 |
| The 7th group | 0.985 | 1.021 | 0.885 |
| The 8th group | 1.469 | 1.382 | 1.277 |
As seen from the experiment, Tillandsia plant height, hat width and the dry weight of not applying fertilizer are all low than the processing of fertilising, illustrate that fertilizer can promote the growth of Tillandsia.But the effect of Tillandsia being nourished and grown due to nitrogen phosphorus potassium has interaction, only in the time that concentration is suitable, interaction could significantly, just can better promote the growth of plant.In formula fertilizer of the present invention, the concentration of nitrogen is 100～120mgL
-1, the concentration of phosphorus is 40～80mgL
-1, the concentration of potassium is 220～240mgL
-1time, the comprehensive growth indexes of Tillandsia is better than other test group, is wherein respectively 110.34,61.1125 at nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium concn, 238.325mgL
-1time, plant vegetative growth amount reaches maximum value.
As mentioned above, although represented and explained the present invention with reference to specific preferred embodiment, it shall not be construed as the restriction to the present invention self.Not departing under the spirit and scope of the present invention prerequisite of claims definition, can make in the form and details various variations to it.
Claims (3)
1. a nitrogen phosphorus potassium formula fertilizer that is suitable for growth of Tillandsia, is characterized in that: so that Gram nutritive medium is as solvent suddenly, the concentration that adds nitrogen in solvent is 100～120mgL
-1, the concentration of phosphorus is 40～80mgL
-1, the concentration of potassium is 220～240mgL
-1.
2. the nitrogen phosphorus potassium formula fertilizer that is suitable for growth of Tillandsia according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the concentration that adds nitrogen in solvent is 110.34mgL
-1, the concentration of phosphorus is 61.1125mgL
-1, the concentration of potassium is 238.325mgL
-1.
3. the fertilizing method of the nitrogen phosphorus potassium formula fertilizer that is suitable for growth of Tillandsia according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: utilize described formula fertilizer to carry out foliage application to Tillandsia, spray weekly fertilizer once.
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| CN105104138A (en) * | 2015-08-21 | 2015-12-02 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Illumination managing method for promoting growth of tillandsia |
| CN105103879A (en) * | 2015-08-21 | 2015-12-02 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Moisture managing method combining application of magnesium fertilizer for promoting growth of tillandsia |
| CN105130539B (en) * | 2015-08-21 | 2018-05-25 | 中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所 | A kind of method of administration of stingless cacaine pineapple set meal fertilizer |
| CN105294201A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-02-03 | 安徽科技学院 | Premix ingredients of Hoagland phosphorus deficiency plant nutrient solution |
| CN105294206A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-02-03 | 安徽科技学院 | Reagent kit of Hoagland phosphorus deficiency plant nutrient solution |
| CN105294204A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-02-03 | 安徽科技学院 | Use method of Hoagland calcium-deficient plant nutrient solution reagent kit |
| CN105294223A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-02-03 | 安徽科技学院 | Preparation method of Hoagland sulfur deficiency plant nutrient solution |
| CN105294200A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-02-03 | 安徽科技学院 | Hoagland nitrogen-deficient plant nutrient solution premixture |
| CN105294199A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-02-03 | 安徽科技学院 | Method for preparing Hoagland nitrogen-deficient plant nutrient solution |
| CN105294205A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-02-03 | 安徽科技学院 | Preparation method of Hoagland phosphorus deficiency plant nutrient solution |
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| ES2285936B1 (en) * | 2006-05-05 | 2008-08-16 | Tahtso, Scp | "A SUBSCRIBER WITH MICRONUTRIENTS FOR ORCHIDS AND TILLANDSIAS". |
| CN100400477C (en) * | 2006-07-11 | 2008-07-09 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Dedicated fertilizer for ornamental pineapple |
| CN101385430A (en) * | 2008-09-25 | 2009-03-18 | 天津滨海大顺花卉科技发展股份有限公司 | Pineapple flower forcing and nourishing method |
| CN101513184A (en) * | 2009-01-08 | 2009-08-26 | 江苏农林职业技术学院绿苑实业总公司 | Hormone combination for promoting growth of Tillandsia |
| CN102318531A (en) * | 2011-08-16 | 2012-01-18 | 江苏花王园艺有限公司 | Method for regulating blooming period of pineapple |
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