CN103440411A - Traffic noise pollution model based on exposed crowd/area/acoustic environment functional area - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a traffic noise pollution model based on an exposed crowd/area/acoustic environment functional area. On the basis of analyzing an existing traffic noise evaluation model and method, according to the characteristics of traffic noise subjective perceptibility and pollution locality, the model is provided by comprehensively considering the influence degree difference of traffic noise on the number of exposed crowds, the area of an exposed area and various acoustic environment functional areas, the urban traffic noise pollution total amount TNPI of an existing urban area, the average traffic noise pollution index APNI of the existing urban area, the traffic noise pollution total amount TPNPI of a urban area to be built and the average traffic noise pollution index APNPI of the urban area to be built are used for adapting to the evaluation of traffic noise pollution under different needs, and classification representation is carried out on the ANPIs. The evaluation model quantizes the degree of the noise pollution, the noise pollution degree of the urban area is evaluated more visually, and the model can be used as the punishment basis of the excessive emissions of traffic noise.

Description

Based on the exposed population group area the traffic noise pollution model of acoustic environment functional areas

Technical field

The present invention relates to the noise pollution evaluation method class in field of environment protection, more specifically, relate to a kind of based on the exposed population group area the traffic noise pollution model NPI of acoustic environment functional areas.

Background technology

The Forecast of Urban Traffic Flow day by day increased grows road traffic noise, affects gradually the normal daily life system of people, is restricting the raising of urban human habitation environment quality.Because noise pollution belongs to energy contamination, and there is subjective feeling and the feature of polluting locality, determined that the evaluation of noise pollution degree is different from the evaluation method of other environmental contaminants.The difficulty of noise pollution evaluation maximum is how the objective physical quantity of noise and noise are organically combined affecting the factors such as crowd, Polluted area scope.

In order better to estimate traffic noise pollution situation, the environmental problem that the transport solution noise causes.For many years, the scholar has carried out a large amount of test and studies to physical characteristics and the pollution level of traffic noise, has proposed various traffic noise pollution evaluation models and index.Existing traffic noise on urban roads evaluation index mainly contains: equivalent continuous sound level (L _eq), cumulative percentage sound level (L _x), noise pollution level (L _nP), ENL (L round the clock _dN), noise effect index (NII) etc.

Evaluation method (the L adopted at present _eq, L _x, L _nP, L _dNdeng) mostly stressed the evaluation of noise source, ignored the relation between the how many and living environment of noise pollution and noise radiation range size, influenced population, be actually the evaluation to road traffic noise source situation, and what can not reflect is the overall noise level of urban highway traffic.It is worth mentioning that, the noise effect index (NII) that the analogy Xiang proposes in " research of urban traffic environment quality assessment ", considered the size of noise itself and the influence degree of noise on human, drawn Different L _dNinterferometer weight factor under scope, but fail to consider the inconsistency of the noise on human group's pollution level under different acoustic environments functional areas.Road traffic noise is except the factors such as the volume of traffic, the speed of a motor vehicle and each vehicle ratio, and generalized case is main relevant with factors such as acoustic environment functional areas, the density of population.Owing to these combined factors could not being considered, make existing traffic noise assessment index be difficult to carry out deeper sound environment quality analysis.Therefore need badly and propose a new traffic noise pollution evaluation index, give the above noise effect factor different weights, to improve the comparability for intercity noise rating, more objectively reflect the noise pollution size, provide technical support for administering the traffic noise pollution problem, thereby improve resident's sound environment quality, improve comfortableness and the livable property of urban environment.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of traffic noise pollution evaluation model NPI based on exposed population group, exposed area harmony environmental functional district, needs for applicable different evaluation occasion are divided into following four kinds by it: existing city urban traffic noise total amount of pollutants discharge T _nPI, existing city traffic noise pollution Index A per capita _nPI, city traffic noise pollution total amount TP yet to be built _nPI, city yet to be built average traffic noise pollution Index A P _nPI, and to A _nPIcarry out the classification sign, quantizing noise pollutes size, estimates intuitively the city noise pollution degree.

To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is:

A kind of based on the exposed population group area the traffic noise pollution model of acoustic environment functional areas, comprise the following steps:

S1. divide density of population hierarchical region, differentiate each regional acoustic environment functional areas, and with acoustic environment function zoning zonule; Gather the attribute information of traffic flow Back ground Information and streets and buildings, according to the attribute information of traffic flow Back ground Information and streets and buildings, play up the traffic noise map;

S2. according to the exposed area s of each zonule of parameter acquiring in S1 _i, exposed population group's quantity n _iwith slight elevated noise sound level Δ L _ai, described exposed area refers to the region area be exposed to over the allowed value of noise of acoustic environment functional areas regulation, described exposed population group's quantity refers to the size of population be exposed to over the allowed value of noise of acoustic environment functional areas regulation; Wherein the allowed value of noise of each zonule regulation of acoustic environment function zoning with reference to " environmental impact assessment technology guide rule acoustic environment " (HJ2.4-2009), the classification of acoustic environment functional areas, can be with reference to " standard for acoustic environmental quality " (GB3096-2008), by regional use functional characteristics and environmental quality requirement, it is divided into to 0-4 class acoustic environment functional areas;

S3. according to exposed area s _i, exposed population group's quantity n _iwith slight elevated noise sound level Δ L _aiset up traffic noise pollution model NPI, traffic noise pollution model NPI comprises existing city traffic noise pollution model and city traffic noise pollution model yet to be built;

Described existing city traffic noise pollution model comprises existing city urban traffic noise total amount of pollutants discharge T _nPIwith existing city traffic noise pollution Index A per capita _nPI; Described city traffic noise pollution model yet to be built comprises city traffic noise pollution total amount TP yet to be built _nPIwith city yet to be built average traffic noise pollution Index A P _nPI;

Existing city urban traffic noise total amount of pollutants discharge T _nPIrefer to slight elevated noise sound level Δ L _aas the factor, the impact of cumulative noise on everyone,

n wherein _ifor exposed population group's quantity of each zonule, Δ L _aislight elevated noise sound level for each zonule;

Existing city is the traffic noise pollution Index A per capita _nPI:

wherein

City traffic noise pollution total amount TP yet to be built _nPIrefer to slight elevated noise average Δ L _aas the factor, the impact of cumulative noise on every zone,

s _iexposed area for each zonule;

The average traffic noise pollution index in city yet to be built

wherein

Described existing city refers to inhabited city, city yet to be built refer to not drop into build, in the city of design phase or built up but temporary transient uninhabited city.

It is that noise pollution evaluation due to city yet to be built and existing city is different that the traffic noise pollution model is divided into to four kinds of models, in existing city, the pollution of noise is embodied in the impact on exposed population group's quantity and affiliated acoustic environment functional areas, and, in not building city, the contaminant capacity of noise is mainly relevant with exposed region area and affiliated acoustic environment functional areas.Secondly for zoning noise pollution total value, T has been proposed _nPIand TP _nPImodel, its essence is the influence value of noise to exposed population group's quantity, exposed region area that directly add up.Although, yet this index can be good at reflecting overall level of pollution, can not embody individual to the noise pollution amount of bearing.Therefore should carry out on this basis the weighted mean on exposed population group's quantity, exposed region area, obtain A _nPIand AP _nPIindex.

Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is: the traffic noise pollution model analysis exposed population group quantity that the present invention proposes, the exposed area influence degree to the traffic noise pollution total amount, and considered acoustic environment functional areas under regional and the correlativity of traffic noise pollution degree; Set up existing city traffic noise pollution total amount T _nPI, existing city traffic noise pollution Index A per capita _nPI, city traffic noise pollution total amount TP yet to be built _nPI, city yet to be built average traffic noise pollution Index A P _nPI, to adapt to the evaluation of traffic noise pollution under different demands.T wherein _nPIand A _nPIindex can be used for relatively having between city traffic noise pollution total amount and traffic noise pollution amount per capita, and the purpose of introducing this index is to estimate the whole pollution level of noise to city or zone, can be used as the punishment foundation of traffic noise discharge beyond standards, TP _nPIand AP _nPIindex can be used between city more yet to be built traffic noise pollution total amount and traffic noise pollution amount per capita, calculates the city noise pollution value in programme, can be used as the index of estimating different programme qualities.

The accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is traffic noise pollution index NPI classification schematic diagram.

Fig. 2 is NPI evaluation model process of establishing schematic diagram.

The schematic diagram that obtains that Fig. 3 is traffic source and buildings attribute information.

Embodiment

The present invention proposes a kind of traffic noise pollution evaluation model NPI based on exposed population group, exposed area harmony environmental functional district, and as Fig. 1, its detailed process is:

A kind of based on the exposed population group area the traffic noise pollution model of acoustic environment functional areas, comprising:

S1. divide density of population hierarchical region, differentiate each regional acoustic environment functional areas, and with acoustic environment function zoning zonule; Gather the attribute information of traffic flow Back ground Information and streets and buildings, according to the attribute information of traffic flow Back ground Information and streets and buildings, play up the traffic noise map;

S2. according to the exposed area s of each zonule of parameter acquiring in S1 _i, exposed population group's quantity n _iwith slight elevated noise sound level Δ L _ai, described exposed area refers to the region area be exposed to over the allowed value of noise of acoustic environment functional areas regulation, the zone for not being exposed to over the allowed value of noise of acoustic environment functional areas regulation, will be not counted in the Noise Exposure region area; Described exposed population group's quantity refers to the size of population be exposed to over the allowed value of noise of acoustic environment functional areas regulation, and the population for not being exposed to over the allowed value of noise of acoustic environment functional areas regulation, will be not counted in the Noise Exposure total crowd;

S3. according to exposed area s _i, exposed population group's quantity n _iwith slight elevated noise sound level Δ L _aiset up traffic noise pollution model NPI, traffic noise pollution model NPI comprises existing city traffic noise pollution model and city traffic noise pollution model yet to be built;

Described existing city traffic noise pollution model comprises existing city urban traffic noise total amount of pollutants discharge T _nPIwith existing city traffic noise pollution Index A per capita _nPI; Described city traffic noise pollution model yet to be built comprises city traffic noise pollution total amount TP yet to be built _nPIwith city yet to be built average traffic noise pollution Index A P _nPI;

Existing city urban traffic noise total amount of pollutants discharge T _nPIrefer to slight elevated noise sound level Δ L _aas the factor, the impact of cumulative noise on everyone,

n wherein _ifor exposed population group's quantity of each zonule, Δ L _aislight elevated noise sound level for each zonule;

Existing city is the traffic noise pollution Index A per capita _nPI:

wherein

City traffic noise pollution total amount TP yet to be built _nPIrefer to slight elevated noise average Δ L _aas the factor, the impact of cumulative noise on every zone,

s _iexposed area for each zonule;

The average traffic noise pollution index in city yet to be built

wherein

Described existing city refers to inhabited city, city yet to be built refer to not drop into build, in the city of design phase or built up but temporary transient uninhabited city.

NIP index for certain city, zone calculates, and its flow process as shown in Figure 2.

1, the traffic noise basic data obtains

Calculating traffic noise needs two large class basic datas, and a class is the traffic flow Back ground Information, comprises the volume of traffic, the speed of a motor vehicle and each vehicle ratio etc.; One class is the attribute information of road and buildings.

(1) the traffic flow Back ground Information obtains

At first, gather the speed data of city Floating Car, according to the Floating Car rate algorithm, calculate the input parameter of the interval average speed in each highway section as noise calculation, and according to the transport condition of roadmarking and traffic flow, demarcate pass unimpeded speed and two parameters of jam density, be updated in Green uncle's speed-density logarithmic model, as shown in Equation (1), thus extrapolate whole city road network traffic flow amount.

Green uncle's speed-density logarithmic model:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}v=v_m\ln \frac{k_j}{k}\\ Q=\mathrm{vk}\end{array}\right.\⇒Q=\frac{v{k}_j}{e^{\frac{v}{v_m}}}---\left(1\right)$

In formula, Q is the volume of traffic, veh/h; V is the speed of a motor vehicle, km/h; v _mfor critical velocity, km/h; k _jfor jam density, veh/km.

(2) road and buildings attribute information obtains

In the present embodiment, adopt " urban traffic noise simulation and evaluating system based on GIS ", solved the difficulty because of its attribute information of quick obtaining that city road network density is large, buildings quantity causes more.The modes such as this system can be selected with frame, query selection are obtained road and the buildings attribute letter needed from target cities ArcGIS map, and these information are turned back to the input parameter of main interface as noise calculation, as shown in Figure 3.Wherein the road attribute letter comprises the coordinate of road name, link length, road starting point and terminal etc., and buildings attribute letter comprises the coordinate of each point of buildings etc.

2, the regional traffic Noise map is drawn

(1) regional traffic noise calculation model

The regional traffic noise is calculated by the line source model, consider that range attenuation, ground in acoustic propagation way absorbs and various barriers block attenuation after, apart from the equivalent sound level at lane r place, be:

$L_{\mathrm{eqi}}=L_{\mathrm{Oi}}+10\lg \frac{N_i}{T{V}_i}+10\lg {\left(\frac{r_0}{r}\right)}^{1+a}+10\mathrm{lg\&pi;}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="r"\; filenames="HDA00003671524400022.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">r</figure-callout>}}_0+\mathrm{\&Delta;L}---\left(2\right)$

In formula: L _oibe the average radiation noise level of i kind vehicle at the reference distance place, its value is relevant with vehicle and the speed of a motor vehicle; N _iit is the vehicle flowrate (veh/h) of i kind vehicle; V _iit is the speed of a motor vehicle (km/h) of i kind vehicle; T is computing time, gets 1h; r ₀for reference distance, its value is 7.5m; R is the distance (m) of receiving station apart from lane; The additional attenuation amount that Δ L is every barrier, mainly comprise sound barrier Δ L _b, buildings Δ b and forest belt block decay Δ L _g, its computing method are with reference to " the outer acoustic propagation decay of acoustical chamber part 2 " standard.

The wagon flow mixed that on road, actual wagon flow is large, medium and small three kinds of vehicles, the stack of the equivalent sound level that the equivalent sound level actual value of road traffic noise is three kinds of wagon flows, that is:

$L_{\mathrm{eq}}=10\lg \underset{i=1}{\overset{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="10"\; label="n"\; filenames="HDA00003671524400021.png,HDA00003671524400022.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">n</figure-callout>}}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{10}^{0.1L_{\mathrm{eqi}}}---\left(3\right)$

After having set up the regional traffic noise calculation model, at first calculate the strength of sound source in a highway section, and consider the additional attenuation of every barrier in the noise transmission way, then according to principle of energy superposition, just can calculate all highway sections acting in conjunction in computer capacity equivalent sound level to acceptance point.

(2) optimization of regional traffic noise calculation algorithm

For solve because of the attribute information of traffic source and buildings too much, the computing velocity that causes of a large amount of increase of computing grid quantity problem slowly, when carrying out large regional traffic noise calculation, adopt automatic screening traffic source, quick indexing to calculate the methods such as target and intelligent grid division and optimized regional traffic noise calculation algorithm, improved the efficiency of algorithm.

(3) traffic noise mapping

After having obtained traffic noise and calculating required Back ground Information and regional traffic noise calculation algorithm is optimized, just can calculate the traffic noise value of each acceptance point of target cities day and night, after ArcMap plays up, can obtain the traffic noise map of day and night.

3, by land use type zoning

At first, satellite map is carried out to interpretation, understand the basal conditions that Land in Regional Land utilizes, use functional characteristics and the environmental quality requirement of reference area, by land use type and density of population grade, it is divided into to following 4 types, and touches off the boundary line of different brackets type.

1 grade of district: refer to that the land use type take residential building, hospital, villages within the city etc. as main, and the more zone of population.

2 grades of districts: refer to that the land use type take trade financing, country trade, inhabitation business and mix as main, and the medium zone of the density of population.

3 grades of districts: refer to that the land use type take sweeping physical site, concentrated traffic land used as main, and the less zone of population.

4 grades of districts: refer to that the land use type accounts for significant proportion with vegetation, farmland and industrial land or building is sparse, level is not high, greenery patches is much main, and the zone of sparse population.

4, each hierarchical region essential information (area, acoustic environment functional areas classification) is obtained

(1) area measurement

Utilize satellite map, ready-portioned each hierarchical region is carried out to area measurement.

(2) differentiate affiliated acoustic environment functional areas

The affiliated acoustic environment functional areas of different brackets zonule are differentiated acoustic environment functional areas classification in reference " standard for acoustic environmental quality " (GB3096-2008) and are carried out.

5, Noise Exposure Information Statistics (exposed population group's quantity, exposed area, noise exceed standard average)

Demographic data is mainly derived from census and statistical department, and its demographic data is accurately reliable, but the census amount is huge and poor in timeliness, generally every 10 years, carries out once.Therefore need a kind of method of the simple estimation size of population.

Because the Land Population density rating of identical type of service is suitable, can utilize the ready-portioned zone of step 3, use the method for sample survey, by consulting the modes such as demographic yearbook data, on-site inspection, count all kinds of regional population's quantity, thereby calculate the density of population in each different types of service zone.And, utilize the area predication method according to soil, each hierarchical region area that integrating step 4 records, area up-to-date total population scale P of estimation that can be accurate, instant, as formula (4), this soil utilizes the estimation area size of population that the area predication method can be simply real-time, is particularly useful for some and is difficult to carry out statistics and census operations area.

Soil utilizes the area predication method can be expressed as:

$P=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{A}_i{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_i---\left(4\right)$

In formula: A _iarea for each type of service land used;

ρ _ifor each type of service land used average population density.

Further, the zone that the Noise map that integrating step 2 renders and step 3 mark off by the land use type, calculate the region area that is exposed to slight elevated noise in each zonule, further, the density of population that integrating step four estimates, can estimate the exposed population group's quantity be exposed to over the allowed value of noise of acoustic environment functional areas regulation, as formula (5).

$N=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{S}_i{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_i---\left(5\right)$

In formula: S _inoise Exposure area for all kinds of residential estate types;

ρ _ifor each type of service land used average population density.

6, the NPI evaluation model is set up

The noise pollution evaluation in city yet to be built and existing city is different, in existing city, the pollution of noise is mainly reflected in the impact on the exposed population group, and, in not building city, the contaminant capacity of noise is mainly relevant with the acoustic environment functional areas at exposed region area and place, Noise Exposure zone.Therefore the noise pollution evaluation model in city yet to be built and existing city should be discussed respectively.

According to above analysis, and, with reference to relevant document, set up now traffic noise NPI contamination model.The subjective response of A weighting sound level and people's ear is immediate, and various Noise map also majority adopt the A weighting sound levels as evaluation amount.For existing city, consider all ages and classes section, the sensitivity difference of the people of different healths to noise, therefore, in conjunction with the upper noise limit value of acoustic environment functional areas regulation, get slight elevated noise sound level Δ L _aas the factor, the impact of cumulative noise on everyone, just can obtain noise region exposed population group's pollution total value, as shown in Equation (6).Although, yet this model can be good at reacting the overall level of pollution in existing city, can not embody individual to the noise pollution amount of bearing.Therefore tackle model and carry out the weighted mean on number, divided by the exposure number N of this noise region as shown in Equation (7).For not building city, divide different acoustic environment functional areas, get slight elevated noise average Δ L _aas the factor, the impact of cumulative noise on every zone, just can obtain noise region exposed population group's pollution total value, as shown in Equation (8).In order to characterize the contaminant capacity of noise to unit area.Therefore tackle model and carry out the weighted mean on area, divided by the total number of persons S of this noise region exposed area as shown in Equation (9).

Existing city urban traffic noise total amount of pollutants discharge T _nPI:

$T_{\mathrm{NPI}}=\underset{i=1}{\overset{\&infin;}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}\left(n_i\mathrm{\&Delta;}{L}_{\mathrm{Ai}}\right)---\left(6\right)$

Existing city is the traffic noise pollution Index A per capita _nPI:

$A_{\mathrm{NPI}}=\frac{\underset{i=1}{\overset{\&infin;}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}\left(n_i\mathrm{\&Delta;}{L}_{\mathrm{Ai}}\right)}{N}---\left(7\right)$

City traffic noise pollution total amount TP yet to be built _nPI:

${\mathrm{TP}}_{\mathrm{NPI}}=\underset{i=1}{\overset{\&infin;}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}\left(s_i\mathrm{\&Delta;}{L}_{\mathrm{Ai}}\right)---\left(8\right)$

City yet to be built average traffic noise pollution Index A P _nPI:

${\mathrm{AP}}_{\mathrm{NPI}}=\frac{\underset{i=1}{\overset{\&infin;}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}\left(s_i\mathrm{\&Delta;}{L}_{\mathrm{Ai}}\right)}{S}---\left(9\right)$

In formula:

N ₁, n ₂..., n _nthe exposed population group's quantity on all kinds of residential estate types;

N city, regional population's sum;

S ₁, s ₂..., s _nit is the exposed area of all kinds of residential estate types;

S city, the regional total area, the m of unit ²;

Δ L _a1, Δ L _a2..., Δ L _anit is the noise figure that all kinds of residential estates are above standard and stipulate.

Use existing city urban traffic noise total amount of pollutants discharge T _nPIestimate the whole pollution level of noise to city or zone, can be used as the index of environmental protection department to the noise pollution law enforcement.Use existing city traffic noise pollution Index A per capita _nPIestimate the equal pollution level of noise on human, can be used as the index that characterizes city or regional livable degree.Use city traffic noise pollution total amount TP yet to be built _nPIwith city yet to be built average traffic noise pollution Index A P _nPIestimate the whole pollution level of noise to city in planning or zone, can be used as the reference index of urban design, traffic programme, building layout, also can be used as the normative reference of choosing optimal case in a plurality of urban design schemes.In four evaluation indexes, existing city is the traffic noise pollution Index A per capita _nPIbecause it can be used for characterizing city or regional livable degree, make it there is practical significance most, application will be the most extensive.Therefore, it is carried out to the classification sign, be convenient for people to direct feel and understanding to the noise pollution degree, also better for each city, zone, carry out the comparison of noise pollution degree, promote the environment of traffic noise pollution better to solve.

Existing city is the traffic noise pollution Index A per capita _nPIthe classification restriction, pollute size in order to quantizing noise, estimate intuitively the city noise pollution degree, can be used as the index that characterizes city or regional livable degree, be convenient for people to direct feel and understanding to the noise pollution degree, also better for each city, zone, carry out the comparison of noise pollution degree, promote the environment of traffic noise pollution better to solve.Its classification is divided and is specially:

A _nPIbe 0, the sound environment quality rank is the I level, and the sound environment quality situation belongs to pollution-free;

A _nPIfor 1-5, the sound environment quality rank is the II level, and the sound environment quality situation belongs to light contamination;

A _nPIfor 6-10, the sound environment quality rank is the III level, and the sound environment quality situation belongs to slight pollution;

A _nPIfor 11-15, the sound environment quality rank is the IV level, and the sound environment quality situation belongs to intermediate pollution;

A _nPIfor 16-20, the sound environment quality rank is the V level, and the sound environment quality situation belongs to the moderate heavily contaminated;

A _nPIfor 20, the sound environment quality rank is the VI level, the sound environment quality situation belongs to serious pollution.

Claims (7)

1. the traffic noise pollution model based on Bao Lurenqun Mian Ji acoustic environment functional areas, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:

S1. divide density of population hierarchical region, differentiate each regional acoustic environment functional areas, and with acoustic environment function zoning zonule; Obtain the attribute information of traffic flow Back ground Information and streets and buildings, according to the attribute information of traffic flow Back ground Information and streets and buildings, play up the traffic noise map;

S2. according to the exposed area s of each zonule of parameter acquiring in S1 _i, exposed population group's quantity n _iwith slight elevated noise sound level Δ L _ai, described exposed area refers to the region area be exposed to over the allowed value of noise of acoustic environment functional areas regulation, described exposed population group's quantity refers to the size of population be exposed to over the allowed value of noise of acoustic environment functional areas regulation, described slight elevated noise sound level Δ L _airefer to all weighted mean values that surpass the part that exceeds standard of acoustic environment functional areas regulation noise figure;

S3. according to exposed area s _i, exposed population group's quantity n _iwith slight elevated noise sound level Δ L _aiset up traffic noise pollution model NPI, traffic noise pollution model NPI comprises existing city traffic noise pollution model and city traffic noise pollution model yet to be built;

Described existing city traffic noise pollution model comprises existing city urban traffic noise total amount of pollutants discharge T _nPIwith existing city traffic noise pollution Index A per capita _nPI; Described city traffic noise pollution model yet to be built comprises city traffic noise pollution total amount TP yet to be built _nPIwith city yet to be built average traffic noise pollution Index A P _nPI;

Existing city urban traffic noise total amount of pollutants discharge T _nPIrefer to slight elevated noise sound level Δ L _aas the factor, the impact of cumulative noise on everyone,

n wherein _ifor exposed population group's quantity of each zonule, Δ L _aislight elevated noise sound level for each zonule;

Existing city is the traffic noise pollution Index A per capita _nPI: wherein

City traffic noise pollution total amount TP yet to be built _nPIrefer to slight elevated noise average Δ L _aas the factor, the impact of cumulative noise on every zone, s _iexposed area for each zonule;

The average traffic noise pollution index in city yet to be built wherein

Described existing city refers to inhabited city, city yet to be built refer to not drop into build, in the city of design phase or built up but temporary transient uninhabited city.

According to claim 1 based on the exposed population group area the traffic noise pollution model of acoustic environment functional areas, it is characterized in that, dividing density of population hierarchical region in described step S1 is by land use type and density of population grade classification.

According to claim 2 based on the exposed population group area the traffic noise pollution model of acoustic environment functional areas, it is characterized in that, described density of population hierarchical region specifically is divided into Four types, is respectively:

1 grade of district: refer to that the land use type take residential building, hospital, villages within the city as main, and the more zone of population;

2 grades of districts: refer to that the land use type take trade financing, country trade, inhabitation business and mix as main, and the medium zone of the density of population;

3 grades of districts: refer to that the land use type take sweeping physical site, concentrated traffic land used as main, and the less zone of population;

4 grades of districts: refer to that the land use type accounts for significant proportion with vegetation, farmland and industrial land or building is sparse, level is not high, greenery patches is much main, and the zone of sparse population.

According to claim 2 or 3 described based on the exposed population group area the traffic noise pollution model of acoustic environment functional areas, it is characterized in that, gather the traffic flow Back ground Information specifically in step S1: the speed data that gathers the city Floating Car, according to the Floating Car rate algorithm, calculate the input parameter of the interval average speed in each highway section as noise calculation, and the transport condition according to roadmarking and traffic flow, demarcation pass unimpeded speed and two parameters of jam density, be updated in Green uncle's speed-density logarithmic model, as shown in Equation (1), obtain whole urban road network traffic amount,

Green uncle's speed-density logarithmic model:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}v=v_m\ln \frac{k_j}{k}\\ Q=\mathrm{vk}\end{array}\right.\&DoubleRightArrow;Q=\frac{v{k}_j}{e^{\frac{v}{v_m}}}---\left(1\right)$

In formula, Q is the volume of traffic, veh/h; V is the speed of a motor vehicle, km/h; v _mfor critical velocity, km/h; k _jfor jam density, veh/km;

Gather the attribute information of streets and buildings, described road attribute letter comprises the coordinate of road name, link length, road starting point and terminal, and buildings attribute letter comprises the coordinate of each point of buildings.

According to claim 4 based on the exposed population group area the traffic noise pollution model of acoustic environment functional areas, it is characterized in that, the specific implementation of playing up the traffic noise map in described step S1 is: chosen area road traffic noise computation model, described regional road traffic noise is calculated by the line source model, consider that range attenuation, ground in acoustic propagation way absorbs and various barriers block attenuation after

Equivalent sound level apart from lane r place is:

$L_{\mathrm{eqi}}=L_{\mathrm{Oi}}+10\lg \frac{N_i}{T{V}_i}+10\lg {\left(\frac{r_0}{r}\right)}^{1+a}+10\mathrm{lg\&pi;}{r}_0+\mathrm{\&Delta;L}---\left(2\right)$

In formula: L _oibe ⁱplant the average radiation noise level of vehicle at the reference distance place, its value is relevant with vehicle and the speed of a motor vehicle; N _ibe the vehicle flowrate of i kind vehicle, veh/h; V _ibe the speed of a motor vehicle of i kind vehicle, km/h; T is computing time; r ₀for reference distance; R is the distance of receiving station apart from lane, m; The additional attenuation amount that Δ L is every barrier;

The stack of the equivalent sound level that the equivalent sound level actual value of regional road traffic noise is large, medium and small three kinds of wagon flows, that is:

$L_{\mathrm{eq}}=10\lg \underset{i=1}{\overset{3}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{10}^{0.1L_{\mathrm{eqi}}}---\left(3\right)$

After having determined the regional road traffic noise calculation model, at first calculate the strength of sound source in a highway section, and consider the additional attenuation of every barrier in the noise transmission way, then according to principle of energy superposition, calculate all highway sections acting in conjunction in computer capacity equivalent sound level to acceptance point;

When carrying out large regional traffic noise calculation, adopted automatic screening traffic source, quick indexing calculating target and intelligent grid division method to optimize regional traffic noise calculation algorithm;

After having obtained traffic noise and calculating required Back ground Information and regional traffic noise calculation algorithm is optimized, calculate the traffic noise value of each acceptance point of target cities day and night, after ArcMap plays up, obtain the traffic noise map of day and night.

According to claim 5 based on the exposed population group area the traffic noise pollution model of acoustic environment functional areas, it is characterized in that, obtain the exposed area s of regional in described step S2 _iobtain manner be:

In conjunction with the acoustic environment functional areas attribute of the Noise map rendered and each zonule, just can calculate the region area be exposed to over the allowed value of noise of acoustic environment functional areas regulation;

Described exposed population group's quantity n _iobtain manner be: in conjunction with exposed area s _iwith the density of population ρ estimated _i, can estimate the exposed population group's quantity be exposed to over the allowed value of noise of acoustic environment functional areas regulation;

Slight elevated noise sound level Δ L _aiobtain manner be: in each zonule, all parts that exceed standard that surpass acoustic environment functional areas regulation noise figure are weighted average, obtain slight elevated noise sound level Δ L _ai.

According to claim 6 based on the exposed population group area the traffic noise pollution model of acoustic environment functional areas, it is characterized in that, described existing city is the traffic noise pollution Index A per capita _nPIthe classification restriction:

A _nPIbe 0, the sound environment quality rank is the I level, and the sound environment quality situation belongs to pollution-free;

A _nPIfor 1-5, the sound environment quality rank is the II level, and the sound environment quality situation belongs to light contamination;

A _nPIfor 6-10, the sound environment quality rank is the III level, and the sound environment quality situation belongs to slight pollution;

A _nPIfor 11-15, the sound environment quality rank is the IV level, and the sound environment quality situation belongs to intermediate pollution;

A _nPIfor 16-20, the sound environment quality rank is the V level, and the sound environment quality situation belongs to the moderate heavily contaminated;

A _nPIfor 20, the sound environment quality rank is the VI level, the sound environment quality situation belongs to serious pollution.

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