CN112612993A - Evaluation method for monitoring sound environment quality - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an evaluation method for monitoring sound environment quality, which comprises five steps: (1) determining the type of the sound environment functional area of the monitoring point location, and carrying out noise standard limit value statistics; (2) acquiring the environment, road traffic and noise detection results of the functional areas of the determined areas; (3) normalizing the monitoring result corresponding to the noise standard limit value of the obtained monitoring point location, and calculating the sound environment quality index (4) of each measuring point every day to determine a single sound environment quality comprehensive index in different evaluation periods and areas according to the single-point sound environment quality index; (5) and carrying out arithmetic weighting calculation on the classification to determine the sound environment quality evaluation index. The method integrates three conventional monitoring indexes (regional environment, road traffic and environmental noise of the functional area) in the urban sound environment functional area, can evaluate the sound environment quality condition of each region more scientifically and accurately, and provides decision support for environmental pollution prevention and control.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection, and particularly relates to a method for evaluating the quality of a noise environment.
Background
With the development of urban construction speed, noise has become one of the non-negligible environmental pollution problems, and the domestic conventional monitoring work of acoustic environmental quality has been continued from the last 70 centuries. The monitoring evaluation is mainly based on acoustic environment quality standard (GB3096), conventional acoustic environment quality monitoring technical regulation (HJ640) is issued in 2012, and acoustic environment monitoring and evaluation work is further specified.
According to the regulation of HJ640, the conventional monitoring (also called routine monitoring) of the acoustic environment quality mainly comprises the steps of performing acoustic environment general survey, including three parts, namely area monitoring, road traffic monitoring and functional area monitoring. The region and road traffic monitoring adopts manual data monitored once a year as evaluation basic data; the functional area uses manual data of four days (one day every quarter) monitored a year as evaluation basic data. The monitoring point position and the monitoring time of the whole year are fixed as much as possible.
The region monitoring generally adopts a general survey method, the whole urban area is divided into a plurality of square grids with the same area, and 1 monitoring point is arranged at the center of each grid. Therefore, the overall level of urban environmental noise is evaluated, and the annual change rule and change trend of urban sound environmental quality are analyzed.
The road traffic monitoring mainly detects the noise emission characteristics of various urban roads (express roads, main roads, secondary roads and the like); and acquiring the characteristics of traffic noise emission of different road characteristics (traffic type, traffic flow, motor vehicle running speed, road surface structure, road width, sensitive building distribution and the like). The method aims to analyze the relation between the noise level and traffic flow, road condition and change rule by acquiring the noise intensity of a road traffic noise source; and analyzing the annual change rule and change trend of the urban road traffic noise.
The functional area monitoring adopts a general survey monitoring method in national standard GB3096-2008 appendix B, the equivalent sound level of each functional area is roughly selected, the equivalent sound level of each functional area has no obvious difference from the average equivalent sound level of the functional area, and a plurality of measuring points can reflect the sound environment quality characteristics of the functional area.
The routine monitoring of the acoustic environment comprises three monitoring modes (area, road and function), the corresponding evaluation methods also comprise three, the same area to be evaluated adopts the three evaluation methods for evaluation, the evaluation results of the area to be evaluated are easy to be inconsistent, and the comprehensive comparison cannot be realized. For example, the average value of Leqa is used as evaluation quantity for the area monitoring data, the road weighted average sound level is used as evaluation quantity for the road traffic monitoring data, the standard reaching rate is used as evaluation quantity for the functional area monitoring result, and the conditions that the area evaluation result is a first-level good level, the road traffic noise intensity is a second-level good level, and the standard reaching rate of the sound environment of the functional area is low can occur. Or the traffic flow and the urban automobile holding capacity are continuously increased, the road traffic noise influence is serious, and the standard reaching condition of the functional area is good. Therefore, the three evaluation results cannot truly reflect the quality condition of the acoustic environment of the area. A new acoustic environment monitoring and evaluation method needs to be developed to meet the requirement of accurate evaluation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a more scientific acoustic environment quality evaluation method in order to overcome the defects of the conventional acoustic environment quality evaluation method. According to the method, an SQI algorithm in an acoustic environment quality evaluation index calculation mode is developed according to acoustic environment quality standard (GB2008-3096) and acoustic environment quality general monitoring technical regulation HJ640-2012, and acoustic environment quality conditions are comprehensively evaluated according to acoustic environment quality evaluation standard limit values. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out noise standard limit value statistics according to the determined type of the sound environment functional area where the monitoring point location is located;
(2) acquiring detection results of regional environment noise, road traffic noise and functional area noise environment of the determined region;
(3) and (2) performing normalization processing according to the noise standard limit value of the acoustic environment monitoring point obtained in the step (1) and corresponding to each monitoring point detection monitoring result, and calculating the daily acoustic environment quality sub-index ISQI of each measuring pointp single point；
(4) Determining the integrated index of the quality of the single-item acoustic environment in different evaluation periods and different evaluation areas-ISQI according to the quality index of the single-point acoustic environment obtained in the step (3)General assembly；
(5) ISQI obtained according to step (4)General assemblyPerforming arithmetic weighting calculation on the classification to determine the SQI,
and according to the acoustic environment quality evaluation index, uniformly evaluating detection results of three different modes, namely acoustic environment quality level, acoustic environment functional area category and acoustic environment monitoring, and evaluating each area and evaluating, evaluating and ranking each area.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
the sound environment quality is comprehensively evaluated through SQI, the basic technical requirements of environmental noise monitoring technical specification-urban sound environment conventional monitoring HJ640 for single-point evaluation of functional area sound environment measurement results, comprehensive and integral evaluation of regional environmental noise and weighted evaluation of road traffic noise are met, the working requirements of automatic monitoring data evaluation of the future functional area noise are met, and multidimensional processing including measurement value normalization processing, dynamic weight assignment of different evaluation modes and weighted average of evaluation results is adopted for the evaluation results. The new evaluation method is more visual and scientific in evaluating the sound environment condition of a certain area, and a quantitative and accurate evaluation method is provided for ranking and evaluating the sound environment quality.
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FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the steps of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The specific steps of the method of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
(1) Carrying out noise standard limit value statistics according to the determined type of the sound environment functional area where the monitoring point location is located;
(2) acquiring detection results of regional environment noise, road traffic noise and functional area noise environment of the determined region;
(3) and (2) performing normalization processing according to the noise standard limit value of the acoustic environment monitoring point obtained in the step (1) and corresponding to each monitoring point detection monitoring result, and calculating the daily acoustic environment quality sub-index ISQI of each measuring pointp single point；
(4) Determining the comprehensive index ISQI of the single-point sound environment quality in different evaluation periods and different evaluation areas according to the single-point sound environment quality score index obtained in the step (3)General assembly；
(5) ISQI obtained according to step (4)General assemblyAnd carrying out arithmetic weighting calculation on the classification to determine the SQI.
According to the acoustic environment quality evaluation index, detection results of three different modes of acoustic environment quality level, acoustic environment functional area type and acoustic environment monitoring are evaluated in a unified mode, and the routine acoustic environment monitoring results of each area are examined from small to large according to data.
In the step (3), the calculation formula of the sound environment quality score index of each measuring point every day is as follows:
wherein: p is 1, 2 and 3; 1 denotes regional ambient noise monitoring; 2, road traffic noise monitoring; 3, representing noise monitoring of the functional area, and taking values according to noise standard limit values corresponding to the types of the functional areas where the monitoring point positions are located when p selects 1 and 3; when p is selected to be 2, the daytime standard value is 70dB (A) and the nighttime standard value is 55dB (A).
The step (4) specifically comprises the following steps:
counting the monitoring frequency of different sound environment monitoring types, wherein the calculation formula of the comprehensive indexes of the quality of the single sound environment in different evaluation periods and evaluation areas is as follows:
wherein N: 1. and 2 and 3 … …, when the total frequency of the monitoring of the acoustic environment functional area is monitored, each monitoring point is monitored for 24 hours in one cycle, and if the monitoring frequency is recorded as 2, 3 functional area measuring points and each measuring point is measured for one cycle, N is 6.
li: representing the length of a road measuring point section;
li: and the total length of the road measuring point section in the evaluation area is represented.
In the step (5), the sound environment quality evaluation index SQI is divided into five levels: when the sound quality is 90 or less, the sound quality is good; when the sound environment is positioned between 91 and 100, the quality corresponding to the sound environment is better; when the acoustic environment is located at 101-; at 111-120, the quality corresponding to the acoustic environment is poor; above 121, the quality is poor corresponding to the acoustic environment.
The calculation formula for determining the sound environment quality index SQI is as follows:
in the formula JpAnd evaluating the index weight for each monitoring type, and assigning according to the sound environment quality condition of the evaluation area.
Step (1) investigating the type of the acoustic environment function region where each monitoring point is located, carrying out standard limit value statistics, determining the type of the acoustic environment function region where each monitoring point is located according to an acoustic environment function zoning scheme issued and implemented by people governments at or above county level in an evaluation area, determining an execution standard value of each monitoring point according to the standard limit value requirement in acoustic environment quality standard GB3096, and carrying out list statistics.
Collecting monitoring results of regional environment noise, road traffic noise and functional area sound environment collection; the three monitoring result acquisition processes are carried out according to a standard method in 'environmental noise monitoring technical specification urban sound environment conventional monitoring' HJ640, and the monitoring results are respectively counted.
TABLE 1 regional environmental noise monitoring results for a region to be evaluated
TABLE 2 road traffic noise monitoring results
TABLE 3 functional area Acoustic Environment monitoring results
And (3) performing normalization processing according to the noise standard limit value where the acoustic environment monitoring point is located and corresponding to the monitoring result of each monitoring point, and calculating the acoustic environment quality index ISQI of each measuring point every dayp single point。
Aiming at regional environmental noise and road traffic noise monitoring, if night monitoring is not carried out, the night monitoring evaluation quantity is 0, and the daytime monitoring evaluation quantity of the functional area acoustic environment monitoring is daytime continuous equivalent sound level (L)d) The night monitoring evaluation quantity is a night continuous equivalent sound level (L)n)。
Step (4) obtaining the ISQI according to step (3)p single pointDetermining ISQI of different evaluation periods and evaluation areasGeneral assembly；
N1: monitoring frequency of regional environmental noise, i is 1 … … N1;
n2: j is 1 … … N2 for road traffic noise monitoring frequency;
n3: k is 1 … … N3 for the frequency of the acoustic environment monitoring in the functional area;
ISQI1 Total: monitoring and evaluating indexes for regional environmental noise;
ISQI2 Total: monitoring and evaluating indexes for road traffic noise;
ISQI3 Total: and the index is the acoustic environment monitoring evaluation index of the functional area.
When the acoustic environment functional area is monitored, each monitoring point is monitored for 24 hours in one period, and the monitoring frequency is recorded as 2. That is, if there are 3 functional area measurement points, each measurement point measures one cycle, then N equals 6.
Step (5) obtaining the ISQI according to step (4)General assemblyAnd carrying out arithmetic weighting calculation on the classification to determine the SQI.
Jp: dynamic assignment coefficient matrixes of the three types of monitoring results;
ISQI calculated according to step (3)1 TotalIs 0.9165, ISQI2 Total0.9566, ISQI3 TotalIn the order of 0.9479, is,
the coefficient region for the three evaluation methods is 1, i.e.
And calculating:
SQI is 94. According to the evaluation results, the acoustic environment quality level was "better".
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. An evaluation method for monitoring the quality of an acoustic environment is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out noise standard limit value statistics according to the determined type of the sound environment functional area where the monitoring point location is located;
(2) acquiring detection results of environmental noise, road traffic noise and functional area noise environment of the determined area;
(3) referring to the sound environment monitoring points obtained in the step (1)The noise standard limit value of the bit is normalized corresponding to the measurement result of each monitoring point, and the daily sound environment quality index ISQI of each measuring point is calculatedp single point；
(4) Determining the integrated index of the quality of the single-item acoustic environment in different evaluation periods and different evaluation areas-ISQI according to the quality index of the single-point acoustic environment obtained in the step (3)General assembly；
(5) ISQI obtained according to step (4)General assemblyPerforming arithmetic weighting calculation on the classification to determine the SQI,
and according to the acoustic environment quality evaluation index, uniformly evaluating detection results of three different modes, namely acoustic environment quality level, acoustic environment functional area category and acoustic environment monitoring, and evaluating each area and evaluating, evaluating and ranking each area.
2. An assessment method for acoustic environment quality monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: the calculation formula of the sound environment quality score index of each measuring point in the step (3) every day is as follows:
wherein: p is 1, 2 and 3; 1 denotes regional ambient noise monitoring; 2, road traffic noise monitoring; 3, representing noise monitoring of the functional area, and taking values according to noise standard limit values corresponding to the types of the functional areas where the monitoring point positions are located when p selects 1 and 3; when p is selected to be 2, the daytime standard value is 70dB (A) and the nighttime standard value is 55dB (A).
3. An assessment method for acoustic environment quality monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: the step (4) specifically comprises:
counting the monitoring frequency of different sound environment monitoring types, wherein the calculation formula of the comprehensive indexes of the quality of the single sound environment in different evaluation periods and evaluation areas is as follows:
wherein N: 1. 2, 3 … …, when monitoring the total frequency of the acoustic environment function region, each monitoring point is monitored for 24 hours in one cycle, if the monitoring frequency is recorded as 2, 3 function region measuring points, and each measuring point is measured for one cycle, then N is 6,
li: representing the length of a road measuring point section;
li: and the total length of the road measuring point section in the evaluation area is represented.
4. An assessment method for acoustic environment quality monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sound environment quality evaluation index SQI in the step (5) is divided into five levels: when the sound quality is 90 or less, the sound quality is good; when the sound environment is positioned between 91 and 100, the quality corresponding to the sound environment is better; when the acoustic environment is located at 101-; at 111-120, the quality corresponding to the acoustic environment is poor; above 121, corresponding to a poor acoustic environment quality,
the calculation formula for determining the sound environment quality index SQI is as follows:
in the formula JpAnd evaluating the index weight for each monitoring type, and assigning values according to the sound environment quality condition of the evaluation area.
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| CN113782108A (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2021-12-10 | 中国环境监测总站 | Surface water environment quality monitoring and evaluating method and system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113782108A (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2021-12-10 | 中国环境监测总站 | Surface water environment quality monitoring and evaluating method and system |
| CN113782108B (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2022-02-08 | 中国环境监测总站 | Surface water environment quality monitoring and evaluating method and system |
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