CN105737972A - City noise environment multi-point sampling auxiliary measurement device and measurement method - Google Patents
City noise environment multi-point sampling auxiliary measurement device and measurement method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a city noise environment multi-point sampling auxiliary measurement device and a measurement method. The measurement method comprises the steps of by taking the blocks divided according to city roads as units, setting noise monitoring points in a measurement range and numbering the measurement points and the auxiliary devices; installing the noise measurement auxiliary devices carrying the coordinate devices, the power supply devices and the storage devices according to the number information of the monitoring points and the measurement devices; calibrating the noise measurement auxiliary devices, presetting the parameters before the measurement according to the planning practice demands, and starting the noise measurement auxiliary devices to measure the data information, such as the noise, the position coordinates of the measuring points, etc.; collecting the noise measurement auxiliary devices and obtaining the city noise data and the position coordinate information of the measurement points, and recording in a city noise panel database at a computer intelligent terminal. According to the present invention, the defect that the time and the manpower are consumed by measuring the city noise via manpower is avoided, a method of obtaining the large-range and continuous changing noise data is provided for the planning practice of a city noise environment, and the better social and economic benefits are realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to city noise fields of measurement；It is specifically related to subsidiary equipment and the measuring method of a kind of city noise environment multidraw.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of China's urbanization, environmental problem increasingly becomes the major issue in urban development, hampers the development of urban sustainable development, one of noise problem four big public hazards having become Urban Environmental Problem.Both at home and abroad control and the protection of city noise prediction, noise is conducted extensive research, the origin of city noise, propagation, control and abatement are had more achievement.Current noise circumstance measurement device is of a great variety, the most frequently used most basic be exactly sound meter and frequency spectrum analyser.Wherein can be divided into general sound meter, impulse sound level meter and integration upgrading by purposes, 0 type, 1 type, type and 3 types can also be divided into by accuracy, but these instruments are all suitable in the measurement in single place, therefore the conventional noise measuring method based on these equipment is also aimed at single place, when big measurement scope and multiple measurement point, need to launch to measure work by many people, take time and effort and precision is not high.
Application along with informationization technology, change traditional city noise measurement means, use new measuring method and auxiliary equipment, pollution source of noise and city are carried out long-term, continuous, effective, science measure accurately be increasingly becoming city manager and urban environment scholar in the urgent need to.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides subsidiary equipment and the measuring method of a kind of city noise environment multidraw, by arranging multiple measurement point within the scope of test in order, multiple spot is sampled simultaneously, obtain more true, complete noise data, solve the deficiencies in the prior art.
Technical scheme: for achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: the subsidiary equipment of a kind of city noise environment multidraw, it is characterised in that include some noise measuring equipments and terminating machine；Described noise measuring equipment includes mobile timing acoustimeter, GPRS auxiliary device, data storage device；
Described terminating machine is used for the numbering of typing location parameter and measured noise circumstance, sets the collection period of mobile timing acoustimeter, measurement time started, measurement dwell time, measures moment noise data, pendulous frequency；
The described mobile timing acoustimeter control according to terminating machine, timing acquiring noise circumstance measures some acoustic information, sends acoustic information to data storage device；
Described attached GPRS device measures the longitude and latitude of point for positioning this noise circumstance, and sends this longitude and latitude to ancillary data bin；
Described data storage measures the longitude and latitude that the numbering of point, the acoustic information moving timing acoustimeter and attached GPRS device transmit for storing noise circumstance.
A kind of city noise environment multiple spot timing sampling measuring method: it is characterized in that, the method includes measurement system, and described measurement system includes measurement device and terminating machine；Measurement device includes coordinate device and storage device；The method comprises the following steps:
1) the initial land form figure information measuring section, city is obtained, with Urban Streets for dividing elements measured zone, selected noise circumstance measurement point within the scope of real block on initial land form figure；And each measurement point is numbered respectively；
2) on selected noise circumstance measurement point, dispose noise measuring equipment, by equipment and a measurement one_to_one corresponding, by the numbering measuring point, measurement device is numbered；Described parameter includes gathering the collection period of measurement point acoustic information, measurement time started, measures dwell time, measures moment noise data, pendulous frequency；
3) noise measuring equipment is according to the parameter measurement set；All acoustic informations collected are stored in storage device；
4) reclaiming each noise measuring equipment measuring point, collect the data in all storage devices, the numbering measuring point using noise circumstance carries out data inputting as mark at terminating machine, forms the data base of city noise environment.
Further, step 1) in measure point method for selecting as follows:
By needing the urban area measured to carry out region division on initial land form figure, obtaining the boundary line in this region and the information of intra-zone road, according to road information, block, as a block, is carried out B by the region surrounded by some roads1、B2、B3…Bn…BNNumbering, altogether N number of block；On every road of composition block, all choose one and measure point；Road is carried out R1、R2、R3…RMNumbering is M bar street altogether；
Each block is at least provided with one on every road and measures point, can include some measurements point in block simultaneously；It is C that number consecutively in a clockwise direction is put in measurement on street1、C2、C3…CXMeasuring point for X altogether, the measurement point number consecutively in block is CX+1、CX+2、CX+3…CX+i, measure point for i altogether.
Further, step 2) in, the arrangement of measurement device specifically includes:
Measurement device on street is arranged on the perpendicular bisector of block surrounding road, and distance driveway curb linear distance is 20cm；Distance ground vertical height is 1.4m-1.6m；Measurement device in block is positioned at the geometric center of this block scope；
As the road of setting measurement point has strong sound source, then measure point and be set in strong sound source place；
As the road of setting measurement point has reverberation, then measure point and be set in distance reverberation distance more than 4m place；Described reverberation includes building, plant, urban infrastructure.
Further, step 4) in, described data base includes day part noise average information, and the computing formula of described average value information is as follows:
In above formula,The noise average of representation unit time, Xi represents each noise figure measuring the moment, and n represents the pendulous frequency in the instrument units time.
Beneficial effect: the subsidiary equipment of a kind of city noise environment multidraw provided by the invention and measuring method, has the advantage that
1) universe is measured on a large scale: the present invention installs removable noise measurement auxiliary equipment by each noise measurement point within the scope of measurement, form one group of noise measurement network, can support that large-scale universe is measured, evade the deficiency that conventional noise measuring method takes time and effort；
2) data syn-chronization: the present invention is by pre-setting device parameter at each noise measurement point, the data time making each noise measurement point within the scope of measurement synchronizes, and then obtain within the scope of measurement each and measure the some situation of change at whole time span, meet follow-up Planning Practice to data demand；
3) data accuracy: by the last mean value calculation to logging data, it is achieved the preliminary treatment to initial data, it is possible to obtain comparatively accurate city noise data, eliminate the impact on sample of exceptional value；
4) use flexibly: first pass through the mobile noise measurement auxiliary equipment detachably installed again, it is possible to implement different measuring scheme in conjunction with concrete measured zone, and then the noise spot meeting Planning Practice requirement is set.Secondly by the later stage screening that noise measurement point is encoded information, in conjunction with measurement data both can classifying type to road traffic analysis, it is also possible to concrete block and road are launched case analysis；
5) resource is saved: without artificial repetitive measurement, early stage is only needed to arrange the measurement device measuring point, evade manpower and measure the deficiency that city takes time and effort, provide for the Planning Practice of city noise environment a kind of obtain on a large scale, the method for consecutive variations noise data, the foundation of rational science is provided for urban planning, landscape design and relevant construction, there are good economic results in society.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the idiographic flow block diagram of city noise multiple spot timing measurement method in the present invention
Fig. 2 is center, Xin Jie Kou, Nanjing noise actual measurement areal map in the present invention
The coded method schematic diagram of noise measurement point and urban road, block in Fig. 3 present invention
The measurement device installation site schematic diagram of actual spot of measurement in Fig. 4 present invention
Fig. 5 noise measurement auxiliary equipment and integration type sound meter schematic diagram
The EXCEL data form schematic diagram of typing city noise data in Fig. 6 present invention
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described.
The present invention is directed in urban planning and management the noise measurement technology involved by city noise environmental evaluation and auxiliary equipment, the feature of urban transportation is mostly come from based on city noise, propose a kind of measuring method towards the multiple spot of city noise environment, timing sampling and assist equipment, master is made up of following steps: with the block of urban road division for unit, arranges noise monitoring point and to measuring point and auxiliary device numbering within the scope of measurement；The noise measurement auxiliary equipment carrying coordinate device, electric supply installation and storage device is installed according to each monitoring point and measurement device number information；Calibration noise measurement auxiliary equipment, pre-sets the front parameter of measurement according to Planning Practice demand, and starts noise measurement auxiliary equipment, measure noise and measure the data messages such as a position coordinates；Collect noise measurement auxiliary equipment and obtain each measurement point city noise data and measure some location coordinate information, in computer intelligence terminal typing city noise panel data storehouse.Measuring method of the present invention and measurement device, it is possible to avoid manpower to measure the deficiency that city noise takes time and effort, provide a kind of method obtaining big high accuracy data for city noise environment.
Embodiment:
As in figure 2 it is shown, with midtown, Nanjing, area, Xin Jie Kou is example.In Fig. 2, the region that each black box frame rises is a block.
The subsidiary equipment of a kind of city noise environment multidraw, it is characterised in that include some noise measuring equipments and terminating machine；Described noise measuring equipment includes mobile timing acoustimeter, GPRS auxiliary device, data storage device；
Described terminating machine is used for the numbering of typing location parameter and measured noise circumstance, sets the collection period of mobile timing acoustimeter, measurement time started, measurement dwell time, measures moment noise data, pendulous frequency；
The described mobile timing acoustimeter control according to terminating machine, timing acquiring noise circumstance measures some acoustic information, sends acoustic information to data storage device；
Described attached GPRS device measures the longitude and latitude of point for positioning this noise circumstance, and sends this longitude and latitude to ancillary data bin；
Described data storage measures the longitude and latitude that the numbering of point, the acoustic information moving timing acoustimeter and attached GPRS device transmit for storing noise circumstance.
A kind of city noise environment multiple spot timing sampling measuring method: as it is shown in figure 1, the method includes measurement system, described measurement system includes measurement device and terminating machine；Measurement device includes coordinate device and storage device；The method comprises the following steps:
1) the initial land form figure information measuring section, city is obtained, this example selects the CAD topography based on the mapping of 1:1000 accuracy standard, the precision of layouting of CAD topography is very high, and prepare the map data mining platform such as curb line, boundary lines of roads, building profile, and use 2000 country's earth coordinates.
With Urban Streets for dividing elements measured zone, selected noise circumstance measurement point within the scope of real block on initial land form figure；And each measurement point is numbered respectively；Here drawing function and the encoding function that can utilize GIS-Geographic Information System module arrange noise measurement point along block surrounding clockwise and encode.
Measure the selected of point and method for numbering serial be as follows:
By needing the urban area measured to carry out region division on initial land form figure, obtaining the boundary line in this region and the information of intra-zone road, according to road information, block, as a block, is carried out B by the region surrounded by some roads1、B2、B3…Bn…BNNumbering, altogether N number of block；
During to road number, it is possible to by numeral to road number, road is carried out R1、R2、R3…RMNumbering is M bar street altogether；
By the mode that footmark is letter+road name, road can also be numbered, concrete, represent city expressway, major urban arterial highway, city subsidiary road and branch road respectively by tetra-letters of K, M, C, Z；By tri-letters of R, Q, P, represent railway, light rail, shopping mall respectively.
Illustrate, such as RK Hu Ju road, the road of expression is city expressway, and road name is Hu Ju road.By road information combing, it is simple to the later stage is to deployment analysis such as certain urban road concrete within the scope of measurement or certain type roads.On every road of composition block, all choose one and measure point；
Each block is at least provided with one on every road and measures point, can include some measurements point in block simultaneously；It is C that number consecutively in a clockwise direction is put in measurement on street1、C2、C3…CXMeasuring point for X altogether, the measurement point number consecutively in block is C0、C1、C2…Ci, measure point for i altogether.Here road number is adopted the mode of the concrete title of road.Shown in Fig. 3, for a block in measurement scope, this block is surrounded by drum-shaped stone blocks road, transparent tile corridor, Lu Jia lane and four, abundant road street, and for this block, block is numbered 1, and this block is B1Block, measures some numbering and is followed successively by C clockwise1、C2、C3、C4, according to coding rule, the measurement point of this block surrounding is followed successively by RC drum-shaped stone blocks roadB1C1、RZ transparent tile CorridorB1C2、RZ Lu Jia laneB1C3、RZ enriches roadB1C4；Block this example internal arranges one and measures point, be numbered B1C0.Having such as inside, block and only one of which measures point, this measurement point is positioned at the geometric center of this block.
2) on selected noise circumstance measurement point, dispose noise measuring equipment (as shown in Figure 5), by equipment and a measurement one_to_one corresponding, by the numbering measuring point, measurement device is numbered；Noise measuring equipment carries out parameter setting, and described parameter includes gathering the collection period of measurement point acoustic information, measurement time started, measures dwell time, measures moment noise data, pendulous frequency；
Need setting measurement parameter according to Planning Practice, mainly include the beginning and the end time t of noise measurement auxiliary equipmentRise、tSettled, noise measurement moment t0With noise measurement sampling interval tBetween, sound measures sampling interval tBetween, it is in order to each measurement moment, former and later two close on the moment and are also carried out sampling, the noise data as this measurement moment of when facilitating last typing, three noise datas being averaged, get rid of abnormal data impact.
As shown in Figure 4, the arrangement of measurement device specifically includes:
Measurement device on street is arranged on the perpendicular bisector of block surrounding road, and distance driveway curb linear distance is 20cm；Distance ground vertical height is 1.4m-1.6m；Measurement device in block is positioned at the geometric center of this block scope；
As the road of setting measurement point has strong sound source, if set in advance measurement has strong sound source near point, can be displaced near strong sound source in footpath measuring point, and the noise source type of remarks noise measurement point.
As the road of setting measurement point has reverberation, then measure point and be set in distance reverberation distance more than 4m place；Described reverberation includes building, plant, urban infrastructure.
Need before measurement to check and calibration noise measuring equipment, measure and be typically chosen in the Monday regular working day to Saturday, if Planning Practice needs, it is also possible to do corresponding measurement in weekend and the Various Seasonal identical time, it might even be possible to do long-term measurement continuously.
The time period measured both can be divided into working day, weekend and festivals or holidays, again can for being divided into traffic peak period and non-traffic peak period every day.The non-traffic peak period wherein needs the noise situation (the concrete measurement moment is determined in combinations with different regions and Various Seasonal) of focus measurement 23 o'clock to 5 o'clock sleep period at night.Area press locality custom different from season can be complied with delimit.The sampling method being generally adopted the short time is measured.
Need setting measurement parameter according to Planning Practice, mainly include the beginning and the end time t of noise measurement auxiliary equipmentRiseBe the morning 7 on January 11st, 2016 point, tSettledIt is point in the morning 12 on January 11st, 2016, noise measurement moment t0It is the whole and noise measurement sampling interval t of 8 a.m. on January 11st, 2016BetweenIt it is 5 minutes.
If Planning Practice needs, it is also possible to do continuous noise hourly and measure.
3) noise measuring equipment is according to the parameter measurement set；All acoustic informations collected are stored in storage device；
4) reclaiming each noise measuring equipment measuring point, collect the data in all storage devices, the numbering measuring point using noise circumstance carries out data inputting as mark at terminating machine, forms the data base of city noise environment.Described data base includes day part noise average information, and the computing formula of described average value information is as follows:
In above formula,The noise average of representation unit time, Xi represents each noise figure measuring the moment, and n represents the pendulous frequency in the instrument units time.
Specifically, collect the noise measuring equipment of each point, and carry out data inputting according to measurement device numbering in computer intelligence terminal, finally give all measurement point coordinates positions and the EXCEL summary sheet of each measurement moment noise data.Collect the measurement data of each noise measuring equipment according to numbering, and in the EXCEL panel data (such as Fig. 6) of input computer intelligent terminal one by one, after typing, whole measurement process is complete.Specifying information coding in Fig. 6 is as follows:
RM Zhongshan RoadB1C1、RM Zhongshan RoadB1C2、RM Zhongshan RoadB1C3、RM Zhongshan RoadB1C4
RM Zhongshan RoadB2C1、RM Zhongshan RoadB2C2、RM Zhongshan RoadB2C3、RM Zhongshan RoadB2C4
RC drum-shaped stone blocks roadB3C1、RC drum-shaped stone blocks roadB3C2、RC drum-shaped stone blocks roadB3C3、RC drum-shaped stone blocks roadB3C4
RZ Yu Jia laneB4C1、RZ Yu Jia laneB4C2、RZ Yu Jia laneB4C3、RZ Yu Jia laneB4C4
RM Zhongshan RoadB245C1、RM Zhongshan RoadB245C2、RM Zhongshan RoadB245C3、RM Zhongshan RoadB245C4
During typing, specifically including measuring point numbered bin, measuring point longitude coordinate hurdle, measuring point latitude coordinates hurdle and measuring point each measure the information such as the raw noise data in moment, the noise average of day part and remarks in EXCE.If measuring point near strong sound source, it is necessary to mark concrete noise source information in remarks column, for instance the strong sound source such as railway or industrial noise.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it is noted that, for those skilled in the art; under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, it is also possible to make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the subsidiary equipment of a city noise environment multidraw, it is characterised in that include some noise measuring equipments and terminating machine；Described noise measuring equipment includes mobile timing acoustimeter, GPRS auxiliary device, data storage device；
Described terminating machine is used for the numbering of typing location parameter and measured noise circumstance, sets the collection period of mobile timing acoustimeter, measurement time started, measurement dwell time, measures moment noise data, pendulous frequency；
The described mobile timing acoustimeter control according to terminating machine, timing acquiring noise circumstance measures some acoustic information, sends acoustic information to data storage device；
Described attached GPRS device measures the longitude and latitude of point for positioning this noise circumstance, and sends this longitude and latitude to ancillary data bin；
Described data storage measures the longitude and latitude that the numbering of point, the acoustic information moving timing acoustimeter and attached GPRS device transmit for storing noise circumstance.
2. a city noise environment multiple spot timing sampling measuring method: it is characterized in that, the method includes measurement system, and described measurement system includes measurement device and terminating machine；Measurement device includes coordinate device and storage device；The method comprises the following steps:
1) the initial land form figure information measuring section, city is obtained, with Urban Streets for dividing elements measured zone, selected noise circumstance measurement point within the scope of real block on initial land form figure；And each measurement point is numbered respectively；
2) on selected noise circumstance measurement point, dispose noise measuring equipment, by equipment and a measurement one_to_one corresponding, by the numbering measuring point, measurement device is numbered；Noise measuring equipment carries out parameter setting, and described parameter includes gathering the collection period of measurement point acoustic information, measurement time started, measures dwell time, measures moment noise data, pendulous frequency；
3) noise measuring equipment is according to the parameter measurement set；All acoustic informations collected are stored in storage device；
4) reclaiming each noise measuring equipment measuring point, collect the data in all storage devices, the numbering measuring point using noise circumstance carries out data inputting as mark at terminating machine, forms the data base of city noise environment.
3. city noise environment multiple spot timing sampling measuring method as claimed in claim 2 a kind of, it is characterised in that step 1) in measure the method for selecting of point as follows:
By needing the urban area measured to carry out region division on initial land form figure, obtaining the boundary line in this region and the information of intra-zone road, according to road information, block, as a block, is carried out B by the region surrounded by some roads1、B2、B3…Bn…BNNumbering, altogether N number of block；On every road of composition block, all choose one and measure point；Road is carried out R1、R2、R3…RMNumbering is M bar road altogether；
Each block is at least provided with one on every road and measures point, can include some measurements point in block simultaneously；It is C that number consecutively in a clockwise direction is put in measurement on street1、C2、C3…CXMeasuring point for X altogether, the measurement point number consecutively in block is CX+1、CX+2、CX+3…CX+i, measure point for i altogether.
4. a kind of city noise environment multiple spot timing sampling measuring method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that step 2) in, the arrangement of measurement device specifically includes:
Measurement device on street is arranged on the perpendicular bisector of block surrounding road, and distance driveway curb linear distance is 20cm；Distance ground vertical height is 1.4m-1.6m；Measurement device in block is positioned at the geometric center of this block scope；
As the road of setting measurement point has strong sound source, then measure point and be set in strong sound source place；
As the road of setting measurement point has reverberation, then measure point and be set in distance reverberation distance more than 4m place；Described reverberation includes building, plant, urban infrastructure.
5. a kind of city noise environment multiple spot timing sampling measuring method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that step 4) in, described data base includes day part noise average information, and the computing formula of described average value information is as follows:
In above formula,The noise average of representation unit time, Xi represents each noise figure measuring the moment, and n represents the pendulous frequency in the instrument units time.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107478323A (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2017-12-15 | 芜湖泰领信息科技有限公司 | A kind of city noise monitoring method and system based on public bicycles |
| CN110020220A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2019-07-16 | 清远市新中科检测有限公司 | Industrial area noise circumstance detection method |
| CN108871551A (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-11-23 | 哈尔滨工业大学深圳研究生院 | A kind of Noise map method for drafting applied to urban plan and design project environmental impact assessment |
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| CN110260970B (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2021-03-26 | 清华四川能源互联网研究院 | Wide-area synchronous measurement method for transformer substation boundary noise and noise monitoring equipment |
| CN110954208A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-04-03 | 广西博测检测技术服务有限公司 | Noise inspection method and equipment |
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Application publication date: 20160706 |