CN103429333A - 高真空组件 - Google Patents
高真空组件 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103429333A CN103429333A CN2011800601224A CN201180060122A CN103429333A CN 103429333 A CN103429333 A CN 103429333A CN 2011800601224 A CN2011800601224 A CN 2011800601224A CN 201180060122 A CN201180060122 A CN 201180060122A CN 103429333 A CN103429333 A CN 103429333A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- vacuum
- intermediate layer
- fibrous composite
- vacuum fitting
- assembly
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007772 electroless plating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006353 environmental stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035922 thirst Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J12/00—Pressure vessels in general
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J3/00—Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matter; Apparatus therefor
- B01J3/002—Component parts of these vessels not mentioned in B01J3/004, B01J3/006, B01J3/02 - B01J3/08; Measures taken in conjunction with the process to be carried out, e.g. safety measures
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/02—Apparatus characterised by being constructed of material selected for its chemically-resistant properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J3/00—Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matter; Apparatus therefor
- B01J3/006—Processes utilising sub-atmospheric pressure; Apparatus therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/14—Layered products comprising a layer of metal next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
- C03C25/10—Coating
- C03C25/48—Coating with two or more coatings having different compositions
- C03C25/52—Coatings containing inorganic materials only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
- C23C28/023—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material only coatings of metal elements only
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
- D06M10/04—Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
- D06M10/06—Inorganic compounds or elements
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/83—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with metals; with metal-generating compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls; Reduction of metal compounds on textiles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/02—Apparatus characterised by their chemically-resistant properties
- B01J2219/0204—Apparatus characterised by their chemically-resistant properties comprising coatings on the surfaces in direct contact with the reactive components
- B01J2219/0236—Metal based
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/02—Apparatus characterised by their chemically-resistant properties
- B01J2219/025—Apparatus characterised by their chemically-resistant properties characterised by the construction materials of the reactor vessel proper
- B01J2219/0254—Glass
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
- Y10T428/12556—Organic component
- Y10T428/12569—Synthetic resin
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
- Y10T428/1352—Polymer or resin containing [i.e., natural or synthetic]
- Y10T428/1372—Randomly noninterengaged or randomly contacting fibers, filaments, particles, or flakes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/30—Self-sustaining carbon mass or layer with impregnant or other layer
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31678—Of metal
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
- Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供了一种高真空组件,例如真空室(1)的壁或在使用时被操作或被放置在该真空室中的一个组件。该组件基本上由层状材料形成,该层状材料包括纤维复合材料层(4),纤维复合材料层具有一个涂覆有铜中间层(5)的表面和一个镍的不渗透的外层(6)。在使用中,该外层(6)被暴露于高真空。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及被设计为在非常低的压强中,即高真空的环境中使用的组件。特别是,本发明提供了一种特别适用于暴露在高真空中的新的层状材料所形成的组件。
背景技术
在许多装置中,某些组件需要被用在非常低的压强环境中,即在高真空中。例如,为了正常运行,许多超导电机需要将电机的至少一部分保持在低温温度范围内。为了将组件保持在低温温度范围之内,需要使这些组件与更加温暖的周围环境热性隔离。一种实现方式是将低温部件定位在一个压强非常低的环境中,该压强非常低的环境通常是包含在真空室中的。该在低温的温度范围内保持组件的真空室通常运行在大致0.01Pa和1×10-9Pa的压强之间,最优选的是在1×10-5Pa和1×10-9Pa的压强之间。必须能够令人满意地工作在此压强范围内的组件包括真空室的各壁以及全部位于真空室内的组件。
一般来说,形成这些组件所采用的材料均必须满足一些标准。它们必须能够被加工和制作。他们还必须有足够的强度。该材料在最高工作温度下的蒸气压必须保持足够低。该材料必须有一个合适的热膨胀系数以允许它可被牢固地连接至相邻的材料,特别是在必须是真空密封的联结处。该材料不能有气孔,且必须是没有可以捕获清洁溶剂的裂纹和/或无缝隙的材料。此外,其表面和体脱附率在已知的操作条件下必须是可以接受的。
目前,由于上述要求,用于形成真空室或位于真空室中的大多数组件是由不锈钢或铝制成的。这些材料具有所需的结构性能,且当被置于一个非常低的压强环境中时,不会排出大量的气体。然而,这些材料具有的比强度相对较低,其结果是,由这些材料形成的组件相对比较重。在许多应用中都渴望尽量减少部件的重量。然而,如本领域技术人员熟知的,更轻的结构材料,如纤维复合材料和塑料一般不能被用作形成真空室的组件或被置于真空室中的组件,这是因为它们不符合上述的所有的要求。
因此,需要一种用于在高真空中操作的新的组件,其由具有高于不锈钢或铝的比强度的材料制成并可满足上述所有的要求或标准。
发明内容
本发明提供的一种高真空组件基本上由层状材料形成,该层状材料包括纤维复合材料层和不渗透的金属外层,其中在使用时该外层暴露于高真空下。
根据本发明的高真空组件是使用时其至少一个表面(通常是外层的表面)暴露于高真空下的任何组件。这例如包括高真空室的壁以及定位或设置于这样的室之内的任何组件。此外,需要理解的是,根据本发明的高真空组件本身是可以是形成一个更大的组件或装置的一部分。例如,根据本发明的组件可以是一装置的暴露于高真空下的阻挡壁,并且其可以由上述的层状材料形成。如果在使用中该较大的组件或装置只有一部分暴露于高真空中,则该部分可由该层状材料形成而该较大的组件或装置的其余部分可用常规的方式使用常规的材料形成。
有关本发明的高真空可以是最大压强为0.01Pa或以下的任何真空,更优选为具有最大压强为1×10-5Pa或以下的真空。
由于该层状材料适用于暴露在高真空下,并且可以具有优于也适合在这样的环境下使用的传统的材料的比强度,因此用该层状材料实质形成根据本发明的组件是有利的。该层状材料是一种复合材料,这样,该复合材料采用了多个单独的材料的好处,提供的该种复合材料的属性优于分离后的各材料单独使用时的属性。特别地,为该纤维复合材料涂覆一不渗透的金属层可允许该纤维复合材料经涂覆的表面被暴露在高真空下。
本发明的纤维复合材料可以是基于玻璃纤维或碳纤维的材料。然而,容易地理解的是,该纤维复合材料可包括具有所要求的材料性能的任何合适的纤维复合材料。但应当指出的是,纯粹由纤维复合材料形成的组件不能用于高真空。这是因为它们具有相对较高的渗透性并且在它们的制造中使用的树脂将在高真空中释放气体,从而会消耗真空。此外,出于同样的原因,涂覆有塑料或可渗透的金属层的纤维复合材料也不能使用在高真空中。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,不渗透的金属外层可直接涂覆到或形成在纤维复合材料层的表面上。然而,在本发明的优选实施例中,该层状材料会进一步包括被直接涂覆到或形成在纤维复合材料层的表面上的中间层。该外层则继而直接被涂覆到或形成在该中间层的外表面上。
该中间层可以由任何合适的材料形成。然而,有利的是,所述中间层由铜或类似的材料形成。用铜形成中间层是有利的,因为它是一种可以容易地被沉积在纤维复合材料表面的材料。可以使用等离子喷涂法,溅射法或本领域技术人员已知任何其它合适的方法,将铜质的中间层沉积在纤维复合材料上。同样有利的是使用铜或类似材料作为中间层,因为它是一种不会在制造过程中分解或被腐蚀的材料。这是很重要的,因为在制造过程中的腐蚀或降解会使材料吸收水分或其他物质,随后该组件暴露于高真空时,可能会发生气体释放。虽然铜及其他类似材料是适合作为中间层的但并不认为它们也很容易适用于作为外层使用,这是因为用常规方法在纤维复合材料上沉积铜一般不会产生不渗透层。
容易理解的是,优选由铜或类似材料形成的中间层的存在是有利的,这是因为它提供了一个可以使不可渗透的金属外层被沉积到其上的可靠的且合适的表面。由于受沉积中间层和外层的可能的沉积方法的局限,通常需要在向纤维复合材料的沉积外层之前在纤维复合材料上沉积中间层。
外层可以由任何合适的金属形成。可能的优选方案是外层由镍形成。可用本技术领域的技术人员熟知的任何方式将外层沉积在纤维复合材料层或中间层上。如果外层是由镍形成的,则可能优选的是通过无电解电镀法沉积镍。然而,也可以使用任何其他合适的方法沉积镍。
可以这样的方式形成层状材料,即使得该材料的一个或多个表面都涂覆有不渗透的金属外层。例如,如果组件是平坦的片材,则可以根据组件的操作要求在其一侧或两侧涂覆外层,将这样的涂层施加到下面的中间层则是可选的。典型的根据本发明的一个组件的暴露在高真空中的所有表面均涂覆有不渗透的金属外层。组件在操作过程中不暴露于高真空的表面则不需要被涂覆。
通过图1中所示的优选实施例结合下面讨论,本发明的进一步的特征和优点将变得显而易见。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明的组件的优选实施例的一部分的示意性横截面图。
图1中所示的是根据本发明的一个优选实施例的一个组件1的一部分的示意性横截面。图1中所示的部件1是一个真空室的壁。真空室的壁可合围成一真空区域2且该真空区域被保持在高真空。外部区域3在该真空室外围,且处于基本上正常的环境压强。
组件1由一包含三个层的层状材料形成。该组件1包括一个由玻璃纤维复合材料形成的结构基层4。该结构基层4的第一侧4a暴露到外部区域3。
在该结构基层4的第二侧4b上形成有铜的中间层5。该中间层5的第一侧5a与结构基层4的第二侧4b相邻并与之形成一个接合面。
在中间层5的第二侧5b上形成有一镍的不渗透的外层6。外层6的第一侧6a与中间层5的第二侧5b相邻的并与其形成接合面。外层6的第二侧6b暴露于真空区域2。
组件1以下列方式形成。通过等离子喷涂将中间层5沉积在结构基层4的第二侧4b上。在此之后,通过非电解镀覆将外层6沉积在中间层5的第二侧5b上。在一个可替换的实施例中,可以将外层直接沉积在基层上而并不需要中间层。
组件1的外层6暴露于真空区域2并且当暴露于高真空时并不会发出显著量的气体。此外,外层6是不可渗透的并且不允许无论从基层4还是从中间层5的气体释放。归因于外层6的该属性,组件1可以形成一个围绕真空区域2的有效的屏障并且只需要最小的作用就可保持真空区域2内的高真空。
基层4包括的组件1的大部分,并提供了结构强度。由于基层4由轻量级的,但大强度的玻璃纤维复合材料形成,因此很容易地理解的是,组件1的比强度是相对较高的。此外,使用玻璃纤维意味着基层4可被形成为其强度是各向异性的。这允许将组件1形成为特别可抵抗其在使用期间会受到的力。
在优选实施例中,中间层5的目的是允许将外层6沉积在该材料上。目前还无法以廉价且可靠的方式直接在玻璃纤维上沉积形成镍不渗透层。但是,可通过等离子喷涂法将铜喷涂在玻璃纤维上,并且可以非电解过程将镍镀在铜上以生成一镍不渗透层。应当理解的是,中间层5不能作为一个不可渗透的屏障,因为等离子喷涂的铜是多孔的,这使得外层6的存在是必要的。在一个可替换的实施例中,可以使用其他材料和/或其他沉积工艺,以可以直接在玻璃纤维或其它纤维复合材料上涂覆一个不渗透的金属层。
应当理解的是,图1仅为示意图,其中并没有精确地示出组件1的各个层的相对厚度。在实践中,各层的相对厚度与图1中所示的会有所不同。例如,基层4的厚度通常会比图1中所示的厚以提供部件1所需要的强度。由于中间层5和外层6的比强度是小于基层4的比强度的,因此这些层的厚度将被最小化至使它们能够满足它们的设计目的即可。特别是,中间层5的厚度通常被最小化以使得它能够附着并覆盖基层4的第二侧,并且允许外层6附着并覆盖在其第二侧即可。外层6的厚度通常具有最小的厚度只要能够在基层4和中间层5之上形成不可渗透的阻挡层即可。
Claims (15)
1.一种高真空组件(1),其基本上由层状材料形成,该高真空组件包括的纤维复合材料层(4)和不渗透的金属外层(6),其中,该外层(6)在使用中暴露于高真空(2)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高真空组件(1),其中,所述外层(6)直接形成在纤维复合材料层(4)的表面上。
3.根据权利要求1所述的高真空组件(1),还包括在纤维复合材料层(4)表面上直接形成的中间层(5),其中,所述外层(6)直接形成在该中间层(5)的外表面上。
4.根据权利要求3所述的高真空组件(1),其中,所述中间层(5)通过等离子喷涂沉积在纤维复合材料层(4)的表面上。
5.根据权利要求3所述的高真空组件,其中,所述中间层(5)通过溅射沉积在纤维复合材料层(4)的表面上。
6.根据权利要求3至5中任意一项所述的高真空组件(1),其中,所述外层通过电镀沉积在中间层(5)上。
7.根据权利要求3至5中任意一项所述的高真空组件(1),其中,所述外层(6)通过非电解镀覆沉积在中间层(5)上。
8.根据权利要求3至7中任意一项所述的高真空组件(1),其中,所述中间层(5)由铜形成。
9.根据权利要求1所述的高真空组件(1),其中,所述纤维复合材料层(4)是玻璃纤维材料。
10.根据权利要求1至8中任意一项所述的高真空组件,其中,所述纤维复合材料层为碳纤维材料。
11.根据前述权利要求任意一项所述的高真空组件(1),其中,所述外层(6)由镍形成。
12.根据前述权利要求任意一项所述的高真空组件,其中,所述纤维复合材料层的相对表面都涂覆有不渗透的金属外层,其中,在使用中两外层均暴露于高真空。
13.根据权利要求1至11中任意一项所述的高真空组件(1),其中,所述纤维复合材料层的相对表面均涂覆有中间层,每个中间层涂覆有不渗透的金属外层,其中,在使用中两外层均暴露于高真空。
14.根据前述权利要求任意一项所述的高真空组件(1)是真空室(1)或真空室的一部分。
15.根据权利要求1至13中任意一项所述的组件,其在使用中被定位或被置于真空室中。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB201021136A GB2486427B (en) | 2010-12-14 | 2010-12-14 | A layered material for a vacuum chamber |
GB1021136.5 | 2010-12-14 | ||
PCT/EP2011/072192 WO2012080079A2 (en) | 2010-12-14 | 2011-12-08 | High vacuum components |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN103429333A true CN103429333A (zh) | 2013-12-04 |
CN103429333B CN103429333B (zh) | 2016-02-24 |
Family
ID=43567122
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201180060122.4A Expired - Fee Related CN103429333B (zh) | 2010-12-14 | 2011-12-08 | 高真空组件 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20140370327A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2665550A2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN103429333B (zh) |
BR (1) | BR112013014976A2 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2821284A1 (zh) |
GB (1) | GB2486427B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2012080079A2 (zh) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111696700A (zh) * | 2019-03-12 | 2020-09-22 | 泰连服务有限公司 | 具有期望的机械特性和电气特性组合的金属结构 |
US11843153B2 (en) | 2019-03-12 | 2023-12-12 | Te Connectivity Solutions Gmbh | Use of enhanced performance ultraconductive copper materials in cylindrical configurations and methods of forming ultraconductive copper materials |
US12027281B2 (en) | 2020-03-12 | 2024-07-02 | Te Connectivity Solutions Gmbh | Metallic structure with desired combinations of mechanical and electrical characteristics |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105736694A (zh) * | 2016-05-03 | 2016-07-06 | 江苏久维压力容器制造有限公司 | 一种抗冲击的压力容器 |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4418984A (en) * | 1980-11-03 | 1983-12-06 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Multiply coated metallic clad fiber optical waveguide |
US4468294A (en) * | 1983-05-19 | 1984-08-28 | Honeywell Inc. | Acoustic desensitization of optical fibers by means of nickel jackets |
WO2006077599A2 (en) * | 2005-01-24 | 2006-07-27 | Thermovac Ltd | Evacuated thermal insulation panel |
CN101256034A (zh) * | 2008-03-11 | 2008-09-03 | 东南大学 | 热管式真空集热管 |
CN101256035A (zh) * | 2008-03-11 | 2008-09-03 | 东南大学 | 内膨胀式真空集热管 |
US20090291035A1 (en) * | 2008-05-23 | 2009-11-26 | Michael Colin Begg | Vacuum chamber |
Family Cites Families (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3321347A (en) * | 1964-08-10 | 1967-05-23 | Douglas Aircraft Co Inc | Method of making a metallic-lined pressure vessel |
US3793700A (en) * | 1972-09-01 | 1974-02-26 | Gen Dynamics Corp | Method of reshaping metal matrix composite material |
JPS6197422A (ja) * | 1984-10-16 | 1986-05-15 | Nikkiso Co Ltd | 高強度炭素繊維及びその製造方法 |
US4947017A (en) * | 1989-04-03 | 1990-08-07 | General Motors Corporation | Composite weld gun and method of making same |
US4923769A (en) * | 1989-04-07 | 1990-05-08 | Globe-Union Inc. | Pressure vessel construction for a metal oxide-hydrogen battery |
JPH0672029B2 (ja) * | 1989-06-27 | 1994-09-14 | 株式会社島津製作所 | 繊維強化金属 |
JP2567951B2 (ja) * | 1989-08-30 | 1996-12-25 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | 金属被覆光ファイバの製造方法 |
JPH05509132A (ja) * | 1990-05-18 | 1993-12-16 | ヒトコ カーボン コンポジッツ インコーポレイテッド | 化学蒸着法のための素材 |
US5147711A (en) * | 1990-10-10 | 1992-09-15 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Vacuum barrier for excimer lasers |
GB2270089A (en) * | 1992-08-24 | 1994-03-02 | Gen Electric | Producing metal coated propulsion tanks for aerospace applications |
US5419139A (en) * | 1993-12-13 | 1995-05-30 | Martin Marietta Corporation | Composite cryogenic tank apparatus |
US5535912A (en) * | 1994-03-17 | 1996-07-16 | A. O. Smith Corporation | Metal liner for a fiber-reinforced plastic tank |
US5614600A (en) * | 1994-06-03 | 1997-03-25 | Kashima Oil Co., Ltd. | Fiber-reinforced resin plate and process for producing the same |
DE69633827T2 (de) * | 1996-11-14 | 2005-11-10 | Instituut Voor Agrotechnologisch Onderzoek (Ato-Dlo) | Hochdruckreaktor |
US20020045042A1 (en) * | 2000-06-06 | 2002-04-18 | Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. | Laminate |
US7147124B2 (en) * | 2002-03-27 | 2006-12-12 | Exxon Mobil Upstream Research Company | Containers and methods for containing pressurized fluids using reinforced fibers and methods for making such containers |
US20040256215A1 (en) * | 2003-04-14 | 2004-12-23 | David Stebbins | Sputtering chamber liner |
JP2006137143A (ja) * | 2004-11-15 | 2006-06-01 | Tocalo Co Ltd | プラスチック基複合材料およびその製造方法 |
KR101335158B1 (ko) * | 2005-12-28 | 2013-12-02 | 플란제 에스이 | 스퍼터링 타겟 구조체 |
FR2913352B1 (fr) * | 2007-03-05 | 2010-11-12 | Carbone Lorraine Equipements G | Enceinte a paroi de grande epaisseur relative resistant au vide et a la pression |
US8232171B2 (en) * | 2009-09-17 | 2012-07-31 | International Business Machines Corporation | Structure with isotropic silicon recess profile in nanoscale dimensions |
-
2010
- 2010-12-14 GB GB201021136A patent/GB2486427B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2011
- 2011-12-08 CN CN201180060122.4A patent/CN103429333B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-12-08 BR BR112013014976A patent/BR112013014976A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2011-12-08 WO PCT/EP2011/072192 patent/WO2012080079A2/en active Application Filing
- 2011-12-08 US US13/993,872 patent/US20140370327A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-12-08 CA CA 2821284 patent/CA2821284A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-12-08 EP EP11794714.3A patent/EP2665550A2/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4418984A (en) * | 1980-11-03 | 1983-12-06 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Multiply coated metallic clad fiber optical waveguide |
US4468294A (en) * | 1983-05-19 | 1984-08-28 | Honeywell Inc. | Acoustic desensitization of optical fibers by means of nickel jackets |
WO2006077599A2 (en) * | 2005-01-24 | 2006-07-27 | Thermovac Ltd | Evacuated thermal insulation panel |
WO2006077599A3 (en) * | 2005-01-24 | 2006-12-07 | Thermovac Ltd | Evacuated thermal insulation panel |
CN101256034A (zh) * | 2008-03-11 | 2008-09-03 | 东南大学 | 热管式真空集热管 |
CN101256035A (zh) * | 2008-03-11 | 2008-09-03 | 东南大学 | 内膨胀式真空集热管 |
US20090291035A1 (en) * | 2008-05-23 | 2009-11-26 | Michael Colin Begg | Vacuum chamber |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111696700A (zh) * | 2019-03-12 | 2020-09-22 | 泰连服务有限公司 | 具有期望的机械特性和电气特性组合的金属结构 |
US11843153B2 (en) | 2019-03-12 | 2023-12-12 | Te Connectivity Solutions Gmbh | Use of enhanced performance ultraconductive copper materials in cylindrical configurations and methods of forming ultraconductive copper materials |
US12027281B2 (en) | 2020-03-12 | 2024-07-02 | Te Connectivity Solutions Gmbh | Metallic structure with desired combinations of mechanical and electrical characteristics |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BR112013014976A2 (pt) | 2016-09-13 |
CN103429333B (zh) | 2016-02-24 |
GB2486427A (en) | 2012-06-20 |
WO2012080079A3 (en) | 2012-08-09 |
EP2665550A2 (en) | 2013-11-27 |
WO2012080079A2 (en) | 2012-06-21 |
US20140370327A1 (en) | 2014-12-18 |
CA2821284A1 (en) | 2012-06-21 |
GB201021136D0 (en) | 2011-01-26 |
GB2486427B (en) | 2013-08-07 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US7402269B2 (en) | Environmentally stable hybrid fabric system for exterior protection of an aircraft | |
CA2677194C (en) | Pre-applied protective jacketing construction for pipe and block insulation | |
PH12018501092A1 (en) | High conductivity graphane-metal composite and methods of manufacture | |
CN103104044B (zh) | 一种墙体真空保温板及其制备方法 | |
JP7138414B2 (ja) | 装飾層用パネルからガス及び蒸気を取り除く方法及び装置 | |
WO2010117474A3 (en) | Radomes, aircraft and spacecraft including such radomes, and methods of forming radomes | |
JP2005308222A (ja) | 多層ダクト及び関係する製造プロセス | |
RU2011105816A (ru) | Алюминиево-алмазный композиционный материал и способ его получения | |
CN103429333B (zh) | 高真空组件 | |
GB0806614D0 (en) | Composite structures for improved thermal stability/durability | |
CN103273651A (zh) | 航空用结构件中金属部件与碳纤维复合材料的结合方法 | |
CA2505488A1 (en) | Composite porous membrane and method for producing the same | |
WO2019033839A1 (zh) | 一种石墨、铜复合导热材料的制备方法 | |
CN203533097U (zh) | 双层复合纳米绝热板 | |
CN100484360C (zh) | 用于生产浸渍复合材料的方法 | |
CN105065499B (zh) | 一种包含绝缘止裂层的碳纤维同步器齿环 | |
CN204329612U (zh) | 一种用于制备炉窑壳体的复合隔热板 | |
WO2012080958A3 (en) | Anode disk element with refractory interlayer and vacuum plasma focal track | |
WO2012042203A3 (en) | Method of metal deposition | |
CN210234200U (zh) | 一种环保汽车顶棚布 | |
CN209066779U (zh) | 一种复合型高粘度贴面板 | |
CN201198778Y (zh) | 汽车催化转化器密封衬垫 | |
CN108060743A (zh) | 一种保温建筑材料板 | |
CN203603453U (zh) | 自保温模板 | |
CN203623046U (zh) | 一种方便易用耐高温材料 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20160224 Termination date: 20161208 |