CN103420729B - Production method and application method of slow release fertilizer special for lotus root - Google Patents
Production method and application method of slow release fertilizer special for lotus root Download PDFInfo
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- CN103420729B CN103420729B CN201310354452.5A CN201310354452A CN103420729B CN 103420729 B CN103420729 B CN 103420729B CN 201310354452 A CN201310354452 A CN 201310354452A CN 103420729 B CN103420729 B CN 103420729B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a production method and an application method of slow release fertilizer special for lotus root and relates to lotus root planting technologies. Coated particles of urea, particulate monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride granules, ammoniated phosphate, and coated particles of trace elements are mixed to obtain the fertilizer; after the fertilizer is applied to a lotus field, the applied fertilizer can sink into underwater sludge in the pond and dissolve in the mud to release nutrients. The fertilizer particles coated with resin can sink into the water quickly, and resin coatings are porous; after the fertilizer particles sink into the water, nutrients of the fertilizer are slowly released into the water from micropores of the resin coatings, so that the fertilizer in soil is more concentrated than that in surface water; the bottom water rarely flows, so that loss of the nutrients can be reduced effectively and the nutrients can be absorbed effectively by lotus root.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the planting technology of lotus lotus root, particularly the production of lotus lotus root special fertilizer and application technique field.
Background technology
Lotus lotus root formal name used at school is lotus rhizome, and its fruit is called lotus, and rhizome is called lotus root, and flower is called lotus.Lotus lotus root is the efficient economy crop that the underground root stock that expands is main products.The nutritive value of lotus lotus root is very high, general starch-containing 10～20% in lotus root, protein 1～2%, and the starch in lotus seeds and protein content be respectively up to 40～50% and 19～22%, and all contain multivitamin, is one of rare green health care food.
The nutritive element that plant absorbs have nitrogen, phosphorus, the large principal element of potassium three outward also and receipts Calcium Magnesium Sulphur, boron, manganese, iron, zinc, copper, molybdenum totally 9 big-and-middle, micro-.In the fertilising of lotus lotus root, also do not strengthen the research of centering, trace element, let alone the utilization of technique of balanced fertilizer, special lotus lotus root fertilizer is not provided on market yet.
Lotus lotus root is the efficient economy crop that the underground root stock that expands is main products, is again the crop that fertilizer requirement is larger.General every mu of lotus lotus root approximately absorbs purity nitrogen (N) 7.7 kg from soil, pure phosphorus (P2O5) 3.0 kg, and pure potassium (K2O) 11.4 kg, lotus lotus root is roughly 2: 1: 3 to the assimilation ratio of the pure nutrient of nitrogen phosphorus potassium.
As arbitrarily looked for some chemical fertilizer applications, cause the situation that lotus lotus root quality declines, output reduces of output to occur, allow the peasant household of vast plantation lotus lotus root hope fertilizer heave a sigh.
In pool due to lotus lotus root, there is sufficient water, now fertilizer is also mainly taking water-soluble Chemical Mixed Fertilizer as main, do not have under the fertilizer of special processing water instant, as common fertilizer being applied in the pool of lotus lotus root, fertilizer can be rapidly with water flow, causes a large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium to outflow with water.
Therefore, lotus lotus root is being low-phosphorous high potassium with giving top priority to what is the most important on fertilizer, and existing agricultural planting ubiquity is only focused on asking for, and does not focus on the situation of covering.In soil, lack outside nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, also have in a large number micro-disappearance, therefore reduce nutrient loss, supplementing certain trace element is the key that improves fertilizer comprehensive utilization ratio.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks in order to keep lotus lotus root pool oxygen point abundance, minimizing to run off, improve the production method of the slowly-releasing lotus lotus root special fertilizer of lotus lotus root output.
The present invention includes following steps:
1) adopt coated with resin agent respectively granular urea, particle trace element to be carried out to coating, form the coated granule of urea and micro-coated granule;
2) press urea, monoammonium phosphate, Repone K, aminated phosphorous fertilizer and trace element with 27 ︰ 20 ︰ 40 ︰ 10 ︰ 3, mass ratio the coated granule of the coated granule of urea, particle monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride particle, aminated phosphorous fertilizer and trace element is mixed;
3) metering packing.
It is also the same with other farm crop that lotus lotus root absorbs nutrient, is taking root absorption as main, therefore wants to ensure that the fertilizer of using will sink in lotus pool mud under water, in mud, dissolves and discharge nutrient.The fertile production formula research of lotus lotus root by for many years, proposes to join taking urea, Repone K, monoammonium phosphate, trace mineral supplement as the high density of raw material, middle chlorine, acyl state nitrogen the fertile production technique of BB of ammonia-state nitrogen, controlled trace element.
The present invention adopts up-to-date normal temperature coated with resin technique to carry out coating fertile lotus lotus root particle, reaches the effect of the slowly-releasing of realizing various nutrients.The fertiliser granulates proportion of producing is greater than 1.105, fertiliser granulates after coated with resin can sink to rapidly the bottom like this, on the dressing of coated with resin, there are many micropores, after fertiliser granulates sinks in water, fertilizer nutrient is slowly discharged in water from the micropore of resin molding, reaches concentration of fertilizer in soil greatly higher than concentration in surface water, and water base of bottom does not flow, just can effectively reduce nutrient loss, be absorbed by lotus lotus root to ensure effectively.
The coordinative role of the each element interaction of the present invention:
Nitrogenous fertilizer effect: for the macroelement in growth, impel the stem of crop, leaf riotous growth, is plant Major Nutrient demand, ensures that leaf look dark green;
The effect of potash fertilizer: for the macroelement in growth, impel plant growth stalwartness, stem stalk is thick and stiff, strengthens the resistivity of disease and pest and lodging, promotes the generation of sugar and starch;
The effect of phosphate fertilizer: for the macroelement in growth, impel crop root prosperity, strengthen cold-resistant drought-resistant ability, promote crop premature ripening, fringe grain increases, full seed.
Lotus lotus root is at the various trace element of necessary for growth, though trace element is few at crop in-vivo content, but it plays vital effect to growing of plant, it is the integral part of plant materials endoenzyme or coenzyme, having very strong specificity, is that crop growth is indispensable and can not mutually replace.Can improve the colloid chemistry character of cellular plasm, thereby plasmic concentration is increased, strengthen the resistance of crop to poor environment.
Trace element, in the production process of Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, is easily combined with other chemical element, forms indissoluble material, has a strong impact on micro-action effect.Our factory combination production feature for many years, the micro-granular fertilizer that adds particular form to manufacture in the mode of the fertile blending of BB (bulk blended fertilizer in bulk) is proposed, minimizing trace element contacts with other chemical element, realize micro-accurate-metering, guarantee effect effect, ensure dissolving power, realize control molten long-acting.
In the coated granule of the coated granule of urea of the present invention, the coated granule of trace element, membrane wrapping thickness is respectively 0.08～0.20mm.Suitable membrane wrapping thickness is beneficial in the regular hour and slowly discharges nutrient.
Research shows have the trace element of obvious effect to have boron, zinc, manganese and magnesium to the growth of lotus lotus root.
Boron can participate in the synthetic of carbohydrate in leaf photosynthesis, and favourable it is defeated to root, and it also helps the synthetic of protein, improves the resistance of plant.
Zinc is in nitrogen metabolism, and zinc can change the ratio of the interior organonitrogen of plant materials and inorganic nitrogen well, greatly improves drought-resistant, cryophylactic ability, promotes branches and leaves healthy growth; Manganese is many-sided to the physiological action of plant, and it can participate in photolysis, improves the respiratory intensity of plant, promotes the hydrolysis of carbohydrate; Redox processes in control agent; Also be the activator of many enzymes.
Magnesium is the essential nutritive element of crop, is chlorophyllous integral part, can promote photosynthesis; Be the activator of many enzymes, can promote the synthetic of various materials, improve fruit and quality of vegetable; Can promote the absorption of crop to phosphorus, element silicon, strengthen the Nutrition and Metabolism of phosphorus, improve crop disease-resistant ability.
Therefore, trace element of the present invention is made up of boron, zinc, manganese and magnesium.
Lotus lotus root is grown in the shallow water in lakes and marhshes depression, grows early, will execute high potash fertilizer late period, and will supply nitrogenous fertilizer mid-term.Therefore, the present invention also proposes the application process of above special fertilizer:
1, at lotus lotus root Tanaka bulk application, every 667m
2use slowly-releasing lotus lotus root special fertilizer 50～80kg.
2, topdress three times lotus lotus root Tanaka, within 25～30 days after field planting for the first time, use, in conjunction with intertill and clean tillage, every 667m
2impose lotus lotus root special fertilizer 25～30kg; Within 40～50 days after field planting for the second time, use every 667m
2impose lotus lotus root special fertilizer 20～25 kg; In the time that occurring, uses on termination leaf for the third time every 667m
2impose lotus lotus root special fertilizer 5～10 kg.
Base manure is mainly to provide needed nutrient in lotus lotus root whole vegetative period, is that it grows and creates good edaphic condition, and has the effect of improvement soil, culture fertility.If by base manure in early stage, the method that the later stage topdresses for three times, can provide sufficient nutrient lotus lotus root different vegetative period, can effectively promote the growth of lotus lotus root, improve output, be also beneficial to the covering of water and soil, be beneficial to long-term planting.
Embodiment
One, the production of lotus lotus root fertilizer:
1, raw material is prepared:
Granular urea: nutrient content: N >=46.2%; Moisture :≤1%; Granularity: 2.00～4.00mm.
Particle monoammonium phosphate: nutrient content: N+P
2o
5>=55%; Moisture :≤1%; Granularity: 2.00～4.00mm.
Granule potassium chloride: nutrient content: K
2o>=46.2%; Moisture :≤1%; Granularity: 2.00～4.00mm.
Particle trace element: chelating composition: B+Zn+Mg+Mn; Moisture :≤5%; Granularity: 2.00～4.00mm.
Aminated phosphorous fertilizer: nutrient content: N+P
2o
5>=15%; Moisture :≤8%; Granularity: 2.00～4.00mm.
Coated with resin agent.
2, production craft step:
1) on coating production line, respectively granular urea, particle trace element are carried out to coating with coated with resin agent, each membrane wrapping thickness is controlled at respectively 0.08～0.20mm, and concrete thickness was determined by the controlled release time of needs.
2) press the proportioning of urea 27%, monoammonium phosphate 20%, Repone K 40%, aminated phosphorous fertilizer 10%, trace element 3%, by the coated granule of the coated granule of the coated granule of urea, particle monoammonium phosphate, Repone K, aminated phosphorous fertilizer and trace element in bulk blended fertilizer production line in bulk, through operations such as raw material metering, mixing, ganging of products packaging, inspections, producing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium total nutrient is 48%, and the proportioning of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is the fertile lotus lotus root of chloride (middle chlorine) BB special fertilizer of 16 ︰ 8 ︰ 24.
Two, product application process:
1, use sufficient base manure:
The amount of application of lotus root field base manure should be determined according to soil fertility, generally selects soil lotus lotus root special fertilizer (50～80kg).
2, rationally topdress:
Lotus rhizome topdresses 3 times whole breeding time.Use in 1～2 vertical leaf (approximately field planting 25～30 days) time for the first time, in conjunction with intertill and clean tillage, every mu (667 square metres) impose lotus lotus root special fertilizer 25～30kg; Use at 5～6 vertical leaves (after about field planting 40～50 days, while sealing row) for the second time, every mu (667 square metres) impose lotus lotus root special fertilizer 20～25kg.
Topdress for the third time and carry out in the time that termination leaf occurs, at this moment tie lotus root and start, be and chase after lotus root fertilizer, every mu (667 square metres) execute lotus lotus root special fertilizer 5～10kg.
In addition, the fertilising of shallow water lotus root field, should select sunny calm weather, avoids carrying out at the noon of burning sun, before fertilising, discharge water, and shallow water fertilising, the latter 2 days recovery water layers of pouring water again apply fertilizer.
Three, effect:
Through trial edition invention fertilizer, can keep lotus lotus root pool oxygen point abundance, reduce and run off, and obviously improve lotus lotus root output.
Claims (3)
1. the production method of slowly-releasing lotus lotus root special fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
1) adopt coated with resin agent to carry out coating to granular urea, particle trace element;
2) press urea, monoammonium phosphate, Repone K, aminated phosphorous fertilizer and trace element with 27 ︰ 20 ︰ 40 ︰ 10 ︰ 3, mass ratio the coated granule of the coated granule of urea, particle monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride particle, aminated phosphorous fertilizer and trace element is mixed;
3) metering packing;
It is characterized in that: respectively granular urea, particle trace element are carried out to coating, form the coated granule of urea and micro-coated granule; Described trace element is made up of boron, zinc, manganese and magnesium; In the coated granule of described urea and micro-coated granule, membrane wrapping thickness is respectively 0.08～0.20mm.
2. as the application process of the slowly-releasing lotus lotus root special fertilizer of claim 1 production method production, it is characterized in that the bulk application lotus lotus root Tanaka, every 667m
2use slowly-releasing lotus lotus root special fertilizer 50～80kg.
3. as the application process of the slowly-releasing lotus lotus root special fertilizer of claim 1 production method production, it is characterized in that topdressing three times lotus lotus root Tanaka, within 25～30 days after field planting for the first time, use, in conjunction with intertill and clean tillage, every 667m
2impose lotus lotus root special fertilizer 25～30kg; Within 40～50 days after field planting for the second time, use every 667m
2impose lotus lotus root special fertilizer 20～25 kg; In the time that occurring, uses on termination leaf for the third time every 667m
2impose lotus lotus root special fertilizer 5～10 kg.
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| CN104496711A (en) * | 2015-01-14 | 2015-04-08 | 北京市丰台区园林绿化局 | Lotus special fertilizer and preparation and application method thereof |
| CN105254349B (en) * | 2015-09-19 | 2018-08-21 | 江西夏荷莲业开发有限公司 | Improve the lotus flower special bio nutrient solution and preparation method thereof of the full rate of the seedpod of the lotus |
| CN105198507B (en) * | 2015-09-19 | 2018-06-26 | 瞿章运 | Using plant as lotus flower special nutrient fluid of raw material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105152694B (en) * | 2015-09-19 | 2018-03-13 | 青岛大学 | A kind of biological nutrient liquid for lotus seeds plantation and preparation method thereof |
| CN105418304A (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2016-03-23 | 高青山 | Organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special for green and high-yield lotus roots |
| CN105399504A (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2016-03-16 | 高青山 | Special environment-friendly low-pesticide-residue fertilizer for high yield of lotus roots |
| CN105481521A (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2016-04-13 | 武汉市沃农肥业有限公司 | Method for preparing fertilizer special for nelumbo nucifera gaertn |
| CN108249997A (en) * | 2018-03-05 | 2018-07-06 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | A kind of water plant top dressing special organic-inorganic compound fertilizer pellet and preparation method thereof |
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| CN100491299C (en) * | 2008-02-28 | 2009-05-27 | 山东金正大生态工程股份有限公司 | Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium control-release special fertilizer for lotus root and preparation method thereof |
| CN102351602B (en) * | 2011-07-18 | 2014-07-09 | 华南农业大学 | Synchronous nutrition fertilizers, preparation methods thereof and applications thereof |
| CN102417398A (en) * | 2011-12-06 | 2012-04-18 | 吴跃伟 | Formula of bulk blending fertilizer special for lotus roots |
| CN102850135A (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2013-01-02 | 上海孚祥生物科技有限公司 | Slow-release fertilizer special for lotus root using biomass particle carbon as matrix and preparation method thereof |
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