CN103419661B - The power system of electronlmobil, electronlmobil and heating of battery method - Google Patents

The power system of electronlmobil, electronlmobil and heating of battery method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103419661B
CN103419661B CN201210160590.5A CN201210160590A CN103419661B CN 103419661 B CN103419661 B CN 103419661B CN 201210160590 A CN201210160590 A CN 201210160590A CN 103419661 B CN103419661 B CN 103419661B
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Prior art keywords
battery pack
temperature
described battery
heating
threshold
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CN103419661A (en
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伍星驰
王洪军
谢世滨
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BYD Co Ltd
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BYD Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201210160590.5A priority Critical patent/CN103419661B/en
Priority to PCT/CN2013/076110 priority patent/WO2013174277A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
    • B60L1/02—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles to electric heating circuits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/27—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63—Control systems
    • H01M10/637—Control systems characterised by the use of reversible temperature-sensitive devices, e.g. NTC, PTC or bimetal devices; characterised by control of the internal current flowing through the cells, e.g. by switching
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/657—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by electric or electromagnetic means
    • H01M10/6571—Resistive heaters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/545—Temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/60—Navigation input
    • B60L2240/66—Ambient conditions
    • B60L2240/662—Temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2270/00—Problem solutions or means not otherwise provided for
    • B60L2270/20—Inrush current reduction, i.e. avoiding high currents when connecting the battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a kind of power system and heating of battery method of electronlmobil, this system comprises battery pack, cell heater, battery manager, switch box, motor, electric machine controller and isolation inductance.Cell heater is connected with battery pack; Battery manager is connected with cell heater with battery pack respectively, for the temperature in battery pack lower than the first heating-up temperature threshold value and dump energy higher than parking power threshold after, be battery pack heating according to the heating power of the temperature of battery pack adjustment cell heater and control its limit power when allowing electronlmobil driving heating to travel; The voltage that switch box is used for battery pack exports distributes; Electric machine controller is connected with switch box with motor, the pre-charging capacitor having first, second input end and be connected between the first and second input ends; Isolation inductance needs to mate with pre-charging capacitor.This power system can realize heating, and the efficiency of heating surface is high, cost is low, practical.The invention allows for a kind of electronlmobil.

Description

The power system of electronlmobil, electronlmobil and heating of battery method
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric vehicle engineering field, particularly power system, a kind of electronlmobil with this power system of a kind of heating of battery method of electronlmobil and the electronlmobil of employing the method.
Background technology
Along with the development of science and technology, new-energy automobile especially pure electric vehicle as a kind of walking-replacing tool, enter each family just at leisure, user is particularly more and more higher to the requirement of traveling comfort to the performance requriements of automobile, and this just requires that vehicle must adapt to different driving demands.But present stage most pure electric vehicle obviously cannot meet this requirement, particularly in the winter of cold, temperature is too low, the hydraulic performance decline of electrokinetic cell, no matter is on discharge capability, or all can declines to some extent in capacity of cell, even can not use.Specifically, the general work temperature of electrokinetic cell especially lithium ion battery is-20 DEG C to 55 DEG C, and battery does not allow charging at low temperatures.When ambient temperature is too low, battery-driven car internal cell there will be following problem: under (1) low temperature, and lithium ion, easily at cathode deposition, loses electroactive, even may cause safety problem.Therefore, vehicle and power brick often use at low temperatures, greatly can damage the power brick life-span, may have potential safety hazard time more serious.(2), under low temperature, during lithium ion cell charging, lithium ion is easily at cathode deposition, become dead lithium, the capacity that battery can play significantly declines, and in the process constantly used, these lithium deposition are more long larger, even may cause internal short-circuit, cause potential safety hazard.This is the reason that vehicle can not charge (comprising feedback) at low temperatures.(3) under low temperature, the discharge capability of battery is limited, is unfavorable for driving.These problems concerning the pure electric vehicle bragging about new forms of energy environmental protection, thing very awkward beyond doubt.Therefore more and more higher to the cry of the electrokinetic cell heat protocol that can change this awkward situation.
Heating of battery scheme is a kind of very important technology in pure electric automobile field.The quality of heating of battery strategy and the quality of cell heater performance directly have influence on the traveling comfort of automobile, operational stability and safety.At present, there is a lot of new technique to start to apply to storage battery heating and come up, but due to self performance deficiency, do not used widely at automotive field.As at outside batteries lag, carry out heat-insulation warm keeping by warm material, but this just plays effect of heat insulation, do not play the effect of heating; Be exactly use infrared radiation diaphragm to heating of battery, then at outside batteries lag, to play insulation effect in addition; Or add heat patch etc. at battery outside face.These schemes are mostly utilize outside huge heating device and power supply to heating of battery, and therefore these schemes are only suitable for the fixing example of battery location.In addition, use external power supply to make the heating of battery of pure electric automobile have limitation, be not suitable for the unfixed automobile in position.Therefore, these heating techniques are not applied widely on pure electric automobile.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is intended at least solve one of above-mentioned technological deficiency.
For this reason, first object of the present invention is the power system proposing a kind of electronlmobil, this system is without the need to additional power source, heating institute subfam. Spiraeoideae is provided by self power battery completely, greatly reduce the restriction that electronlmobil uses at low temperature environment, the efficiency of heating surface be also high and cost is lower, practical.The present invention's second object is to propose a kind of electronlmobil with above-mentioned power system.Another object of the present invention is also a kind of heating of battery method proposing electronlmobil.
For achieving the above object, the embodiment of first aspect present invention discloses a kind of power system of electronlmobil, comprising: battery pack; Cell heater, described cell heater is connected with described battery pack, and described cell heater is configured to carry out discharge and recharge to heat described battery pack to described battery pack; Battery manager, described battery manager is connected with described cell heater with described battery pack respectively, for the temperature of described battery pack lower than the first heating-up temperature threshold value and the dump energy of described battery pack higher than parking power threshold after, the heating power adjusting described cell heater according to the temperature of described battery pack is that described battery pack heats, and controls described electronlmobil limit power traveling when allowing electronlmobil driving heating; Switch box, described switch box is used for distributing the voltage that described battery pack exports; Motor; Electric machine controller, described electric machine controller is connected with described switch box with described motor respectively, and the pre-charging capacitor that described electric machine controller has first input end, the second input end and is connected between described first input end and the second input end, the voltage that described electric machine controller is used for distributing according to control command and described switch box is described feeding electric motors; And isolation inductance, described isolation inductance is connected between described battery pack and described switch box, and the inductance of described isolation inductance mates with the described pre-charging capacitor of described electric machine controller.
According to the power system of the electronlmobil of the embodiment of the present invention, utilize the electrokinetic cell heavy-current discharge on car in battery pack, battery self internal resistance is generated heat, and reaches to the object of battery pack heating.This power system is without the need to additional power source, heating institute subfam. Spiraeoideae is provided by the electrokinetic cell of battery pack own completely, by battery manager and cell heater, heating management is carried out to battery pack, greatly reduce the restriction that electronlmobil uses at low temperature environment, client can be met and drive a vehicle and charging requirement when low temperature.In addition, this power system directly heats electrokinetic cell, and the efficiency of heating surface is higher, and cost is lower, practical.
The embodiment of second aspect present invention discloses a kind of electronlmobil, comprises the power system of above-mentioned electronlmobil.This vehicle normally can travel in the area of cold, and can drive a vehicle, while heat battery pack, thus ensures safety driving smoothly.
The embodiment of third aspect present invention discloses a kind of heating of battery method of electronlmobil, comprises the following steps:
Detect the temperature of described battery pack and the dump energy of described battery pack;
If the temperature of described battery pack lower than the first heating-up temperature threshold value and described battery pack dump energy higher than parking power threshold, the heating power that then described battery manager adjusts described cell heater according to the temperature of described battery pack is that described battery pack heats, and controls described electronlmobil limit power traveling when allowing electronlmobil driving heating;
If the temperature of described battery pack lower than described first heating-up temperature threshold value and described battery pack dump energy lower than described parking power threshold, then described battery manager send forbid described electronlmobil heating, travel or charging prompting;
If the temperature of described battery pack is higher than described first heating-up temperature threshold value, then the main contactor that described battery manager controls in described switch box closes.
According to the heating of battery method of the electronlmobil of the embodiment of the present invention, pure electric automobile can be made not rely on external power supply and realize the heating to battery pack electrokinetic cell, battery pack temperature is risen to temperature required, battery pack is used again according to normal electric discharge and charging strategy, greatly reduce the restriction that electronlmobil uses at low temperature environment, client can be met and drive a vehicle and charging requirement when low temperature.
The aspect that the present invention adds and advantage will part provide in the following description, and part will become obvious from the following description, or be recognized by practice of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The present invention above-mentioned and/or additional aspect and advantage will become obvious and easy understand from the following description of the accompanying drawings of embodiments, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the power system of electronlmobil according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the power system of electronlmobil in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the electrical schematic diagram of the power system of electronlmobil according to the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the electrical connection schematic diagram of the power system of electronlmobil in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the electrical connection schematic diagram of the power system of electronlmobil according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of switch box in the power system according to the electronlmobil of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the diagram of circuit of the heating of battery method of electronlmobil according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 8 is the diagram of circuit of the heating of battery method of electronlmobil in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the further diagram of circuit of the heating of battery method of electronlmobil according to an embodiment of the invention;
Figure 10 is the further diagram of circuit of the heating of battery method of electronlmobil in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention; With
Figure 11 is the overview flow chart of the heating of battery method of electronlmobil according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Be described below in detail embodiments of the invention, the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, and wherein same or similar label represents same or similar element or has element that is identical or similar functions from start to finish.Being exemplary below by the embodiment be described with reference to the drawings, only for explaining the present invention, and can not limitation of the present invention being interpreted as.
In describing the invention, it will be appreciated that, term " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " on ", D score, "front", "rear", "left", "right", " vertically ", " level ", " top ", " end " " interior ", the orientation of the instruction such as " outward " or position relationship be based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, only the present invention for convenience of description and simplified characterization, instead of indicate or imply that the device of indication or element must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
In describing the invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise prescribed and limit, term " installation ", " being connected ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, such as, can be mechanical connection or electrical connection, also can be the connection of two element internals, can be directly be connected, also indirectly can be connected by intermediary, for the ordinary skill in the art, the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term can be understood as the case may be.
With reference to description below and accompanying drawing, these and other aspects of embodiments of the invention will be known.Describe at these and in accompanying drawing, specifically disclose some particular implementation in embodiments of the invention, representing some modes of the principle implementing embodiments of the invention, but should be appreciated that the scope of embodiments of the invention is not limited.On the contrary, embodiments of the invention comprise fall into attached claims spirit and intension within the scope of all changes, amendment and equivalent.
The power system of the electronlmobil of embodiment is according to a first aspect of the present invention described referring to Fig. 1 to Figure 10.
See figures.1.and.2, the power system of this electronlmobil comprises: battery pack 101, cell heater 102, battery manager 103, switch box 104, motor 105, electric machine controller 106 and isolation inductance L 2.Wherein, cell heater 102 is connected with battery pack 101, and cell heater 102 is configured to carry out discharge and recharge to heat battery pack to battery pack 101.Battery manager 103 is connected with cell heater 102 by CAN line 107, is also connected with battery pack 101 by sample line 108 simultaneously, has and carries out temperature sampling, voltage sample, the function of sampling to battery pack 101 outgoing current to battery.In addition, battery manager 103 also has the current vehicle condition judging electronlmobil, the temperature calculating battery pack 101 and dump energy function, and by CAN line 107, control signal is sent to relevant electric device, to realize the function management to each related device.Specifically, battery manager 103 for the temperature of battery pack 101 lower than the first heating-up temperature threshold value and the dump energy of battery pack 101 higher than parking power threshold after, heating power according to the temperature adjustment cell heater 102 of battery pack 101 is that battery pack 101 heats, and control electronlmobil limit power travels when allowing electronlmobil driving heating.Switch box 104 is high tension apparatus of a break-make big current, and battery manager 103 reaches the voltage object of distributing exported battery pack 101 to switch box 104 by transmitting control signal.Electric machine controller 106 is connected with switch box 104 with motor 105 respectively, and the pre-charging capacitor C2 that electric machine controller 106 has first input end, the second input end and is connected between first input end and the second input end, electric machine controller 106 for according to control command and switch box 104 for the voltage that electric machine controller distributes is that motor 105 is powered.Specifically, electric machine controller 106 becomes the three plase alternating current needed for motor 105 to power the DC inverter that battery pack 101 provides to motor 105 by the driving circuit of its inside, and the control signal that can send according to battery manager 103, realize the control to motor.Isolation inductance L 2 is connected between battery pack 101 and switch box 104, and the isolation inductance value of inductance L 2 and the pre-charging capacitor C2 of electric machine controller match.
In one embodiment of the invention, cell heater 102 carries out fault self-checking and testing result is sent to battery manager 103.
Specifically, as shown in Figure 3, cell heater comprises: the first switch module 301, first electric capacity C1, the first inductance L 1 and second switch module 302.Wherein, one end of the first switch module 301 respectively with the first electrode of battery pack 101 with isolate inductance L 2 and be connected; One end of first electric capacity C1 is connected with the other end of the first switch module 301, and the other end of the first electric capacity C1 is connected with the second electrode of battery pack 101; One end of first inductance L 1 is connected with the node between the first switch module 301 and the first electric capacity C1; One end of second switch module 302 is connected with the other end of the first inductance L 1, and the other end of second switch module 302 is connected with the second electrode of battery pack 101.First switch module 301 is all connected with battery manager 103 with the control end of second switch module 302, when heating battery pack 101, battery manager 103 sends a signal to cell heater 102, cell heater 102 control the first switch module 301 and second switch module 302 successively conducting to produce charging current and discharge current successively in above-mentioned battery pack, and second switch module 302 is closed when the first switch module 301 conducting, when 302 conducting of second switch module, the first switch module 301 is closed.
Further, as shown in Figure 3, in battery pack 101, ESR is battery pack equivalent internal resistance, and ESL is battery pack equivalent inductance, and E is power brick.L2 is isolation inductance, and for by isolated for heating of battery circuit Part2 and motor equivalent load circuit Part5, the inverse voltage of such battery pack 101 is just isolated inductance L 2 and absorbs, and can not be added to successive load.C2 is pre-charging capacitor, and R is motor equivalent load.During cell heater work, its internal switch module is closed and shutoff according to certain sequential.
In an example of the present invention, as shown in Figure 3, switch module can be IGBT(InsulatedGateBipolarTransistor, insulated gate bipolar transistor).At the heating start time, internal component is as inductance, electric capacity is all in initial condition, not stored energy, cell heater workflow comprises: (1) IGBT1 conducting, when IGBT2 turns off, power brick E is charged to the first electric capacity C1 by loop " C1-D1-ESL-ESR-E-C1 ", after charging proceeds to a period of time, the voltage at the first electric capacity C1 two ends is equal with the voltage of power brick E, but owing to there is inductive element in circuit, the first electric capacity C1 is made to continue charging, first electric capacity C1 both end voltage is higher than power brick E voltage, when charging current is zero, first electric capacity C1 starts electric discharge, now discharge loop is " C1-D1-ESL-ESR-E-C1 ", until discharge current is zero.(2) IGBT1 turns off, and when IGBT2 conducting, the first electric capacity C1 continues electric discharge.Wherein there is discharge loop for " C1-D2-L1-IGBT2-C1 ".Due to the existence of the first inductance L 1, the first electric capacity C1 continues electric discharge, makes the first electric capacity C1 both end voltage lower than power brick E voltage.Repetition said process like this.
According to the power system of the electronlmobil of the embodiment of the present invention, when the first switch module 301 conducting, if do not add isolation inductance L 2, then pre-charging capacitor C2 is charged to the first electric capacity C1 by the first switch module 301, charging current is determined by loop middle impedance, cause the first electric capacity C1 current waveform uncontrollable, heater circuit characteristic is changed, and thus causes circuit cisco unity malfunction.Therefore, when motor 105 works with cell heater 102 simultaneously, isolation inductance L 2 need be added.
In one embodiment of the invention, the inductance value L isolating inductance L 2 determines according to following formula: wherein, T is the equivalent load cycle of operations of motor, and C is the capacitance of pre-charging capacitor C2.
In one embodiment of the invention, cell heater 102 also comprises power connectors, for connecting and stationary power line 109.The anti-eddy current requirement of this power connectors demand fulfillment, and due to cell heater 102 current during operation change frequency quickly, the magnetic permeable material temperature rise causing power connectors inside is very fast, and therefore the permeability of power connectors is low.In addition, cell heater 102 also comprises a low pressure connector, for carrying out being connected and communication with external system, comprising the CAN line 107 for connecting battery manager 103 and self-test signal line and breakdown signal line.
With reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, in one embodiment of the invention, isolation inductance L 2 is placed on cell heater 102 inside.As shown in Figure 4, cell heater 102 inside comprises isolation inductance L 2, insurance 401 and temperature booster self electricity consumption device.In addition, cell heater 102 also comprises four power connectors, and wherein two are connected with battery pack 101 by power line 109, and two other power connectors is connected with switch box 104 by power line 109, as shown in Figure 2.In one embodiment of the invention, power connectors is used for top and the end of high-voltage wiring harness.
According to the power system of the electronlmobil of the embodiment of the present invention, it is inner that isolation inductance L 2 is arranged on cell heater 102, and its advantage is when not needing heating of battery, can pull down, directly make switch box 104 be connected with battery pack 101 whole for cell heater 102.At the higher local electronlmobil of temperature without the need to external battery temperature booster, and in the place of cold, then cell heater is installed, therefore when automobile development without the need to doing too many change for adapting to sales territory, be greatly conducive to saving cost.
With reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 5, in another embodiment of the present invention, isolation inductance L 2 also can be placed on switch box 104 inside.Be understandable that, no matter isolation inductance L 2 is placed in cell heater or in switch box, and it is all between battery pack and switch box.As shown in Figure 1, do not have power line to connect between switch box 104 and cell heater 102, specifically, battery pack 101 comprises four power connectors, be connected with switch box 104 by two power lines 112, then be connected with cell heater 102 by other two power lines 112.But, need increase relay 501, as the on-off system of isolation inductance L 2 with to whether being selected by isolation inductance L 2 incircuit, as shown in Figure 5.Parallel relationship between cell heater 102 and switch box 104.In addition, insure 401 and be arranged on battery pack 101 inside.
According to the power system of the electronlmobil of the embodiment of the present invention, it is inner that isolation inductance L 2 is arranged on switch box 104, and its advantage is that the impact of cell heater 102 suffered by switch box 104 greatly reduces.In addition, when heating of battery, relay 501 is isolation inductance L 2 incircuit; When battery does not heat, relay 501 shifts out circuit isolation inductance L 2.
In one embodiment of the invention, with reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the cell heater 102 in the power system of electronlmobil also comprises cooling module 110, for cooling the first switch module 301 in cell heater 102 and second switch module 302.
In one embodiment of the invention, cooling module 110 comprises the air channel be arranged in cell heater and the fan being arranged on one end, air channel further.Cell heater adopts fan to dispel the heat.
In another embodiment of the present invention, cooling module 110 comprises the coolant channel be arranged in cell heater and the cooling liquid inlet be arranged on cell heater and cooling liquid outlet further.
Adopt refrigerant fluid to carry out the cell heater dispelled the heat, good heat dissipation effect, and sealing property is excellent.
In one embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 6, the switch box 104 in the power system of electronlmobil comprises further: main contactor 601 and preliminary filling contactless switch 602.Wherein, main contactor 601 for the output voltage of switch box 104 being dispensed to the consumer of electronlmobil under the control of battery manager 103, as motor 105 etc.The first input end 603 and the second input end 604 of preliminary filling contactless switch 602 and electric machine controller 106 one of them be connected, in the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 6, preliminary filling contactless switch 602 is connected with first input end 603.Be understandable that, preliminary filling contactless switch 602 also can be connected with the second input end 604 in other examples.Preliminary filling contactless switch 602, under the control of battery manager 103, before electric machine controller 106 controls motor 105 startup, is pre-charging capacitor C2 charging.
In one embodiment of the invention, when the dump energy (also can be described as state-of-charge SOC, StateOfCharge) of battery pack is higher than driving power threshold, electronlmobil is allowed to enter driving heating mode, wherein, power threshold of driving a vehicle is higher than above-mentioned parking power threshold.
Driving heating specifically refers to that other high voltage electric equipment of electronlmobil also can work simultaneously, such as motor, air-conditioning etc. except cell heater is to except battery pack heating, but motor and air-conditioning can by limit Power operations.Accordingly, parking heating refers to that other high voltage electric equipment of electronlmobil does not work, and such as, during temperature booster work, the high pressure such as motor, air-conditioning consumer does not work except cell heater is to except battery pack heating.Correspondingly, the dump energy of battery pack when driving power threshold refers to and allows electronlmobil to enter driving heating mode, and the electricity that stops refers to the dump energy of battery pack when allowing electronlmobil to enter parking heating mode.
Specifically, as shown in Figure 7, when any one of following condition meets, battery manager controls cell heater and carries out driving heating to battery pack:
When the temperature of battery pack is higher than the first temperature threshold and lower than the second temperature threshold, and the dump energy of battery pack higher than the first power threshold time;
When the temperature of battery pack is higher than the second temperature threshold and lower than the 3rd temperature threshold, and the dump energy of battery pack higher than the second power threshold time, wherein, the second power threshold is lower than the first power threshold;
When the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 3rd temperature threshold and lower than the 4th temperature threshold, and the dump energy of battery pack higher than the 3rd power threshold time, wherein, the 3rd power threshold is lower than the second power threshold;
When the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 4th temperature threshold and lower than the 5th temperature threshold, and the dump energy of battery pack higher than the 4th power threshold time, wherein, the 4th power threshold is lower than the 3rd power threshold.
In an example of the present invention, as shown in Figure 7, first temperature threshold, the second temperature threshold, the 3rd temperature threshold, the 4th temperature threshold, the 5th temperature threshold can be-30 DEG C ,-25 DEG C ,-20 DEG C ,-15 DEG C ,-10 DEG C respectively, and the first power threshold, the second power threshold, the 3rd power threshold, the 4th power threshold can be 30%, 27.5%, 25%, 22.5% of the total electricity of battery pack respectively.
In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 8, specifically, battery manager judges that whether the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 9th temperature threshold, if so, and the dump energy of battery pack higher than the 8th power threshold, then battery manager control cell heater to battery pack carry out driving heat; If not, battery manager judges that whether the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 8th temperature threshold, if so, and the dump energy of battery pack higher than the 7th power threshold, then battery manager control cell heater to battery pack carry out driving heat; If not, battery manager judges that whether the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 7th temperature threshold, if so, and the dump energy of battery pack higher than the 6th power threshold, then battery manager control cell heater to battery pack carry out driving heat; If not, battery manager judges that whether the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 6th temperature threshold, if so, and the dump energy of battery pack higher than the 5th power threshold, then battery manager control cell heater to battery pack carry out driving heat.Wherein, the 7th temperature threshold is higher than the 6th temperature threshold, and the 8th temperature threshold is higher than the 7th temperature threshold, and the 9th temperature threshold is higher than the 8th temperature threshold; 6th power threshold is lower than the 5th power threshold, and the 7th power threshold is lower than the 6th power threshold, and the 8th power threshold is lower than the 7th power threshold.
In an example of the present invention, as shown in Figure 8,6th temperature threshold, the 7th temperature threshold, the 8th temperature threshold, the 9th temperature threshold can be-30 DEG C ,-25 DEG C ,-20 DEG C ,-15 DEG C respectively, and the 5th power threshold, the 6th power threshold, the 7th power threshold, the 8th power threshold can be 30%, 27.5%, 25%, 22.5% of the total electricity of battery pack respectively.
In one embodiment of the invention, when the dump energy of battery pack is lower than above-mentioned driving power threshold and higher than above-mentioned parking power threshold, electronlmobil is allowed to enter parking heating mode.
Specifically, as shown in Figure 7, when any one of following condition meets, battery manager controls cell heater and carries out parking heating to battery pack:
When the temperature of battery pack is higher than the tenth temperature threshold and lower than the 11 temperature threshold, and the dump energy of battery pack higher than the 9th power threshold time;
When the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 11 temperature threshold and lower than the 12 temperature threshold, and the dump energy of battery pack higher than the tenth power threshold time, wherein, the tenth power threshold is lower than the 9th power threshold;
When the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 12 temperature threshold and lower than the 13 temperature threshold, and the dump energy of battery pack higher than 11 power threshold time, wherein, the 11 power threshold is lower than the tenth power threshold;
When the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 13 temperature threshold and lower than the 14 temperature threshold, and the dump energy of battery pack higher than 12 power threshold time, wherein, the 12 power threshold is lower than the 11 power threshold.
In an example of the present invention, as shown in Figure 7, tenth temperature threshold, the 11 temperature threshold, the 12 temperature threshold, the 13 temperature threshold, the 14 temperature threshold can be-30 DEG C ,-25 DEG C ,-20 DEG C ,-15 DEG C ,-10 DEG C respectively, and the 9th power threshold, the tenth power threshold, the 11 power threshold, the 12 power threshold can be 20%, 17.5%, 15%, 12.5% of the total electricity of battery pack respectively.
In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 8, specifically, battery manager judges that whether the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 18 temperature threshold, if, and the dump energy of battery pack is higher than the 16 power threshold, then battery manager control cell heater carries out parking heating to battery pack; If not, battery manager judges that whether the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 17 temperature threshold, if so, and the dump energy of battery pack higher than the 15 power threshold, then battery manager control cell heater to battery pack carry out parkings heat; If not, battery manager judges that whether the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 16 temperature threshold, if so, and the dump energy of battery pack higher than the 14 power threshold, then battery manager control cell heater to battery pack carry out parkings heat; If not, battery manager judges that whether the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 15 temperature threshold, if so, and the dump energy of battery pack higher than the 13 power threshold, then battery manager control cell heater to battery pack carry out parkings heat.Wherein, the 16 temperature threshold is higher than the 15 temperature threshold, and the 17 temperature threshold is higher than the 16 temperature threshold, and the 18 temperature threshold is higher than the 17 temperature threshold; 14 power threshold is lower than the 13 power threshold, and the 15 power threshold is lower than the 14 power threshold, and the 16 power threshold is lower than the 15 power threshold.
In an example of the present invention, as shown in Figure 8,15 temperature threshold, the 16 temperature threshold, the 17 temperature threshold, the 18 temperature threshold can be-30 DEG C ,-25 DEG C ,-20 DEG C ,-15 DEG C respectively, and the 13 power threshold, the 14 power threshold, the 15 power threshold, the 16 power threshold can be 20%, 17.5%, 15%, 12.5% of the total electricity of battery pack respectively.
According to the power system of the electronlmobil of the embodiment of the present invention, battery manager can control cell heater by the real time temperature of battery pack and dump energy and heat battery pack with drive a vehicle heating mode or parking heating mode, control accuracy is thinner, is easy to realize.
In one embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 9, battery manager is also for after heating battery pack at control cell heater, if chaufeur presses heat button again, and keep a Preset Time, then judge whether the operation of again pressing heat button meets pre-conditioned, if judge to meet, then according to the temperature of battery pack and dump energy, electronlmobil and/or cell heater are controlled further.Specifically, if the temperature of battery pack is lower than the 19 temperature threshold, then battery manager sends the prompting forbidden electronlmobil heating, travel or charge; If the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 19 temperature threshold, then battery manager control cell heater stops heating battery pack.Say further, if the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 19 temperature threshold, and the dump energy of battery pack is lower than the 17 power threshold, then battery manager sends the prompting forbidden electronlmobil heating, travel or charge; And if the dump energy of battery pack is higher than the 17 power threshold, and the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 19 temperature threshold, then battery manager allows electronlmobil limit power to travel.
In an example of the present invention, as shown in Figure 9, the 19 temperature threshold can be-20 DEG C, and the 17 power threshold can be 25% of the total electricity of battery pack.
In another embodiment of the present invention, battery manager is used for adjusting according to the horsepower output of real time temperature to cell heater of battery pack, heats battery pack to enter different heating procedures.Specifically, as shown in Figure 10, when the temperature of battery pack higher than the 3rd heating-up temperature threshold value lower than the 4th heating-up temperature threshold value time, battery manager controls cell heater and heats battery pack with the first power; When the temperature of battery pack higher than the 4th heating-up temperature threshold value lower than the 5th heating-up temperature threshold value time, battery manager controls cell heater and heats battery pack with the second power; When the temperature of battery pack higher than the 5th heating-up temperature threshold value lower than the 6th heating-up temperature threshold value time, battery manager controls cell heater and heats battery pack with the 3rd power; When the temperature of battery pack higher than the 6th heating-up temperature threshold value lower than the 7th heating-up temperature threshold value time, battery manager controls cell heater and heats battery pack with the 4th power.In an example of the present invention, the 3rd heating-up temperature threshold value, the 4th heating-up temperature threshold value, the 5th heating-up temperature threshold value, the 6th heating-up temperature threshold value, the 7th heating-up temperature threshold value can be-30 DEG C ,-25 DEG C ,-20 DEG C ,-15 DEG C ,-10 DEG C respectively.
In one embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 10, battery manager also for judging whether time of heat reaches the first Preset Time (T1), and when judging to reach the first Preset Time, controlling cell heater and stopping heating battery pack.Meanwhile, battery manager also for after controlling cell heater and stopping heating battery pack, calculates standing time, and when standing time reaches the second Preset Time (T2), again starts cell heater and heat battery pack.
According to the power system of the electronlmobil of the embodiment of the present invention, utilize battery pack heavy-current discharge on car, electrokinetic cell self internal resistance is generated heat, and reaches to the object of battery pack heating.This power system is without the need to additional power source, heating institute subfam. Spiraeoideae is provided by battery pack own completely, by battery manager and cell heater, heating management is carried out to battery pack, greatly reduce the restriction that electronlmobil uses at low temperature environment, and the heating of driving limit, electronlmobil limit can be realized, can can meet electronlmobil limit Power operation while heating of battery, meet client and drive a vehicle and charging requirement when low temperature.In addition, this power system directly heats battery, and the efficiency of heating surface is higher, and cost is lower, practical, easily carries out industrialization.
The embodiment of second aspect present invention discloses a kind of electronlmobil, comprises the power system of above-mentioned electronlmobil.This vehicle normally can travel in the area of cold, and can drive a vehicle, while heat battery pack, thus ensures safety driving smoothly.
The heating of battery method of the electronlmobil of embodiment is according to a third aspect of the present invention described referring to Fig. 7 to Figure 11.
As shown in figure 11, the heating of battery method of electronlmobil comprises the following steps:
Step S1101: detect the temperature of battery pack and the dump energy of battery pack;
Step S1102: if the temperature of battery pack lower than the first heating-up temperature threshold value and the dump energy of battery pack higher than parking power threshold, then battery manager is battery pack heating according to the heating power of the temperature adjustment cell heater of battery pack, and controls electronlmobil limit power traveling when the driving heating of permission electronlmobil;
Step S1103: if the temperature of battery pack lower than the first heating-up temperature threshold value and the dump energy of battery pack lower than parking power threshold, then battery manager send forbid electronlmobil heating, travel or charging prompting;
Step S1104: if the temperature of battery pack is higher than the first heating-up temperature threshold value, then the main contactor in battery manager distribution control box closes.
Particularly, in one embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 7, the heating of battery method of electronlmobil comprises the following steps:
Step S701: ON electricity on car load.
Step S702: whether detect battery pack temperature lower than the first heating-up temperature threshold value.The temperature of battery pack in battery manager inspection vehicle, if battery pack temperature is higher than the first heating-up temperature threshold value, then battery pack does not need heating, performs step S703; If lower than the first heating-up temperature threshold value, then need the electricity detecting battery pack, perform step S704.
Step S703: the main contactor in battery manager distribution control box closes.Before main contactor adhesive, described battery manager controls the adhesive of adhesive preliminary filling contactless switch, treats that adhesive completes, adhesive main contactor.
Step S704: battery manager is different with dump energy according to the temperature of battery pack, judges whether to meet heating and riving condition.Particularly, if the dump energy of battery pack is higher than driving power threshold, electronlmobil is allowed to enter driving heating mode; If the dump energy of battery pack is lower than driving power threshold and higher than parking power threshold, electronlmobil is allowed to enter parking heating mode.Wherein, power threshold of driving a vehicle is higher than parking power threshold.
Step S705: whether be driving heating.If so, battery manager needs the temperature and the dump energy that calculate battery pack further, performs step S706; If not, then step S707 is performed.
Step S706 comprises:
When the temperature of battery pack is lower than the first temperature threshold, it is too low to the temperature of instrument display battery pack that battery manager sends information, and car load does not allow heating, travels and charging.
When the temperature of battery pack is higher than the first temperature threshold and lower than the second temperature threshold, and the dump energy of battery pack higher than the first power threshold time, battery manager controls cell heater and heats battery pack, performs next step S710; If the dump energy of battery pack is lower than the first power threshold, then perform step S709.
When the temperature of battery pack is higher than the second temperature threshold and lower than the 3rd temperature threshold, and the dump energy of battery pack higher than the second power threshold time, battery manager controls cell heater and heats battery pack, performs next step S710, wherein, the second power threshold is lower than the first power threshold; If the dump energy of battery pack is lower than the second power threshold, then perform step S709.
When the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 3rd temperature threshold and lower than the 4th temperature threshold, and the dump energy of battery pack higher than the 3rd power threshold time, battery manager controls cell heater and heats battery pack, performs next step S710, wherein, the 3rd power threshold is lower than the second power threshold; If the dump energy of battery pack is lower than the 3rd power threshold, then perform step S709.
When the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 4th temperature threshold and lower than the 5th temperature threshold, and the dump energy of battery pack higher than the 4th power threshold time, battery manager controls cell heater and heats battery pack, performs next step S710, wherein, the 4th power threshold is lower than the 3rd power threshold; If the dump energy of battery pack is lower than the 4th power threshold, then perform step S709.
Step 707: heating of stopping.Perform next step S708.
Step S708 comprises:
When the temperature of battery pack is lower than the tenth temperature threshold, it is too low to the temperature of instrument display battery pack that battery manager sends information, and car load does not allow heating, travels and charging.
When the temperature of battery pack is higher than the tenth temperature threshold and lower than the 11 temperature threshold, and the dump energy of battery pack higher than the 9th power threshold time, battery manager controls cell heater and heats battery pack, performs next step S710; If the dump energy of battery pack is lower than the 9th power threshold, then perform step S709.
When the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 11 temperature threshold and lower than the 12 temperature threshold, and the dump energy of battery pack higher than the tenth power threshold time, battery manager controls cell heater and heats battery pack, perform next step S710, wherein, the tenth power threshold is lower than the 9th power threshold; If the dump energy of battery pack is lower than the tenth power threshold, then perform step S709.
When the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 12 temperature threshold and lower than the 13 temperature threshold, and the dump energy of battery pack higher than 11 power threshold time, battery manager controls cell heater and heats battery pack, perform next step S710, wherein, the 11 power threshold is lower than the tenth power threshold; If the dump energy of battery pack is lower than the 11 power threshold, then perform step S709.
When the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 13 temperature threshold and lower than the 14 temperature threshold, and the dump energy of battery pack higher than 12 power threshold time, battery manager controls cell heater and heats battery pack, perform next step S710, wherein, the 12 power threshold is lower than the 11 power threshold; If the dump energy of battery pack is lower than the 12 power threshold, then perform step S709.
Step S709: it is too low to the dump energy of instrument display battery pack that battery manager sends information, car load does not allow heating, travels and charging.
Step S710: before heating, whether cell heater self-inspection has fault.If trouble free, then heat and normally carry out, perform step S711; If there is fault, perform step S712.
Step S711: battery pack is heated.In heat process, also need to perform step S713.
Step S712: cell heater fault, car load does not allow heating, travels and charging.
Step S713: whether heating system self-inspection has fault.If trouble free, then heat and normally carry out, perform step S714; If there is fault, perform step S715.
Step S714: whether heating completes.If complete, then send CAN message to cell heater, allow cell heater quit work, perform step S716; If do not complete, perform step S711.
Step S715: heating system malfunction, stops heating battery pack.
Step S716: heating terminates.
In an example of the present invention, as shown in Figure 7, first heating-up temperature threshold value can be-10 DEG C, first temperature threshold, the second temperature threshold, the 3rd temperature threshold, the 4th temperature threshold, the 5th temperature threshold can be-30 DEG C ,-25 DEG C ,-20 DEG C ,-15 DEG C ,-10 DEG C respectively, and the first power threshold, the second power threshold, the 3rd power threshold, the 4th power threshold can be 30%, 27.5%, 25%, 22.5% of the total electricity of battery pack respectively; Tenth temperature threshold, the 11 temperature threshold, the 12 temperature threshold, the 13 temperature threshold, the 14 temperature threshold can be-30 DEG C ,-25 DEG C ,-20 DEG C ,-15 DEG C ,-10 DEG C respectively, and the 9th power threshold, the tenth power threshold, the 11 power threshold, the 12 power threshold can be 20%, 17.5%, 15%, 12.5% of the total electricity of battery pack respectively.
In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 8, particularly, the heating of battery method of electronlmobil also can comprise the following steps:
Step S801: ON electricity on car load.
Step S802: whether detect battery pack temperature lower than the first heating-up temperature threshold value.The temperature of battery pack in battery manager inspection vehicle, if battery pack temperature is higher than the first heating-up temperature threshold value, then battery pack does not need heating, performs step S803; If lower than the first heating-up temperature threshold value, then need the electricity detecting battery pack, perform step S804.
Step S803: the main contactor in battery manager distribution control box closes.Before main contactor adhesive, described battery manager controls the adhesive of adhesive preliminary filling contactless switch, treats that adhesive completes, adhesive main contactor.
Step S804: battery manager is different with dump energy according to the temperature of battery pack, judges whether to meet heating and riving condition.Particularly, if the dump energy of battery pack is higher than driving power threshold, electronlmobil is allowed to enter driving heating mode; If the dump energy of battery pack is lower than driving power threshold and higher than parking power threshold, electronlmobil is allowed to enter parking heating mode.Wherein, power threshold of driving a vehicle is higher than parking power threshold.
Step S805: whether be driving heating.If so, battery manager needs the temperature and the dump energy that calculate battery pack further, performs step S806; If not, then step S807 is performed.
Step S806 comprises:
Battery manager judges that whether the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 9th temperature threshold, if so, and the dump energy of battery pack higher than the 8th power threshold, then perform next step S810, if the dump energy of battery pack is lower than the 8th power threshold, then perform step S809; If not, battery manager judges that whether the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 8th temperature threshold further, if, and the dump energy of battery pack is higher than the 7th power threshold, then perform next step S810, if the dump energy of battery pack is lower than the 7th power threshold, then perform step S809; If not, battery manager judges that whether the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 7th temperature threshold further, if, and the dump energy of battery pack is higher than the 6th power threshold, then perform next step S810, if the dump energy of battery pack is lower than the 6th power threshold, then perform step S809; If not, battery manager judges that whether the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 6th temperature threshold further, if, and the dump energy of battery pack is higher than the 5th power threshold, then perform next step S810, if the dump energy of battery pack is lower than the 5th power threshold, then perform step S809; If the temperature of battery pack is lower than the 6th temperature threshold, it is too low to the temperature of instrument display battery pack that battery manager sends information, and car load does not allow heating, travels and charging.Wherein, the 7th temperature threshold is higher than the 6th temperature threshold, and the 8th temperature threshold is higher than the 7th temperature threshold, and the 9th temperature threshold is higher than the 8th temperature threshold; 6th power threshold is lower than the 5th power threshold, and the 7th power threshold is lower than the 6th power threshold, and the 8th power threshold is lower than the 7th power threshold.
Step 807: heating of stopping.Perform next step S808.
Step S808 comprises:
Battery manager judges that whether the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 18 temperature threshold, if so, and the dump energy of battery pack higher than the 16 power threshold, then perform next step S810, if the dump energy of battery pack is lower than the 16 power threshold, then perform step S809; If not, battery manager judges that whether the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 17 temperature threshold further, if, and the dump energy of battery pack is higher than the 15 power threshold, then perform next step S810, if the dump energy of battery pack is lower than the 15 power threshold, then perform step S809; If not, battery manager judges that whether the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 16 temperature threshold further, if, and the dump energy of battery pack is higher than the 14 power threshold, then perform next step S810, if the dump energy of battery pack is lower than the 14 power threshold, then perform step S809; If not, battery manager judges that whether the temperature of battery pack is higher than the 15 temperature threshold further, if, and the dump energy of battery pack is higher than the 13 power threshold, then perform next step S810, if the dump energy of battery pack is lower than the 13 power threshold, then perform step S809; If the temperature of battery pack is lower than the 15 temperature threshold, it is too low to the temperature of instrument display battery pack that battery manager sends information, and car load does not allow heating, travels and charging.Wherein, the 16 temperature threshold is higher than the 15 temperature threshold, and the 17 temperature threshold is higher than the 16 temperature threshold, and the 18 temperature threshold is higher than the 17 temperature threshold; 14 power threshold is lower than the 13 power threshold, and the 15 power threshold is lower than the 14 power threshold, and the 16 power threshold is lower than the 15 power threshold.
Step S809: it is too low to the dump energy of instrument display battery pack that battery manager sends information, car load does not allow heating, travels and charging.
Step S810: before heating, whether cell heater self-inspection has fault.If trouble free, then heat and normally carry out, perform step S811; If there is fault, perform step S812.
Step S811: battery pack is heated.In heat process, also need to perform step S813.
Step S812: cell heater fault, car load does not allow heating, travels and charging.
Step S813: whether heating system self-inspection has fault.If trouble free, then heat and normally carry out, perform step S814; If there is fault, perform step S815.
Step S814: whether heating completes.If complete, then send CAN message to cell heater, allow cell heater quit work, perform step S816; If do not complete, perform step S811.
Step S815: heating system malfunction, stops heating battery pack.
Step S816: heating terminates.
In an example of the present invention, as shown in Figure 8, first heating-up temperature threshold value can be-10 DEG C, 6th temperature threshold, the 7th temperature threshold, the 8th temperature threshold, the 9th temperature threshold can be-30 DEG C ,-25 DEG C ,-20 DEG C ,-15 DEG C respectively, and the 5th power threshold, the 6th power threshold, the 7th power threshold, the 8th power threshold can be 30%, 27.5%, 25%, 22.5% of the total electricity of battery pack respectively; 15 temperature threshold, the 16 temperature threshold, the 17 temperature threshold, the 18 temperature threshold can be-30 DEG C ,-25 DEG C ,-20 DEG C ,-15 DEG C respectively, and the 13 power threshold, the 14 power threshold, the 15 power threshold, the 16 power threshold can be 20%, 17.5%, 15%, 12.5% of the total electricity of battery pack respectively.
According to the heating of battery method of the electronlmobil of the embodiment of the present invention, battery manager can control cell heater by the real time temperature of battery pack and dump energy and heat battery pack with drive a vehicle heating mode or parking heating mode, control accuracy is thinner, is easy to realize.
In one embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 9, further, the heating of battery method of electronlmobil comprises the following steps:
Step S901: ON electricity on car load.
Step S902: the temperature and the dump energy that detect battery pack.
Step S903: battery manager controls adhesive preliminary filling contactless switch, treats that preliminary filling completes, adhesive main contactor.Car load travels by normal strategy.Specifically, the preliminary filling contactless switch in battery manager distribution control box closes as pre-charging capacitor charging, and turns off preliminary filling contactless switch after pre-charging capacitor charging.
Step S904: whether battery pack temperature is lower than the first heating-up temperature threshold value.If so, step S905 is performed; If not, then step S903 is performed.
Step S905: whether battery manager calculates electricity higher than driving power threshold.If so, then step S907 is performed; If not, then step S906 is performed.
Step S906: whether battery manager calculates electricity higher than parking power threshold.If so, then step S907 is performed; If not, then step S908 is performed.Wherein, power threshold of driving a vehicle is higher than parking power threshold.
Step S907: user is confirmed whether to need heating.If so, then step S909 is performed; If not, then step S910 is performed.
Step S908: it is too low to instrument display battery electric quantity that battery manager sends information, car load does not allow heating, travels and charging.
Step S909: before heating, whether cell heater self-inspection exists fault.If so, then step S911 is performed; If not, then step S912 is performed.
Step S910: battery manager sends information and do not allow heating to instrument display user, car load does not allow heating, travels and charging.
Step S911: battery manager stops providing power supply to cell heater and sending message, photos and sending messages is to instrument display " heating system malfunction ", and car load does not allow heating, travels and charging.
Step S912: battery manager sends heating signal to cell heater, starts heating.
Step S913: battery manager controls adhesive preliminary filling contactless switch, treats that preliminary filling completes, after adhesive main contactor, enter car load heating, heating system detects oneself state always.Specifically, battery manager receives the enabled instruction of the chaufeur input of electronlmobil, calculates the current electric quantity of battery pack, and calculates the maximum permission horsepower output of battery pack and travel according to maximum permission output power electronlmobil limit power.
Step S914: whether user presses heat button, and keeps Preset Time.If so, then step S915 is performed; If not, then step S920 is performed.In an example of the present invention, Preset Time can be 2 seconds.
Step S915: whether the temperature of battery pack is lower than the 19 temperature threshold.If so, then step S916 is performed; If not, then step S917 is performed.
Step S916: car load does not allow heating, travels and charging.
Step S917: whether the electricity of battery pack is higher than the 17 power threshold.If so, then step S918 is performed; If not, then step S919 is performed.
Step S918: allow electronlmobil limit power to travel.
Step S919: battery manager sends information and stops heating to instrument display user, car load does not allow heating, travels and charging.
Step S920: heating system whether fault in heat process.If so, then step S921 is performed; If not, then step S922 is performed.
Step S921: cell heater quits work, instrument display alarm.Car load does not allow heating, travels and charging.
Step S922: whether battery pack temperature is higher than the first heating-up temperature threshold value.If so, then step S925 is performed; If not, then step S923 is performed.
Step S923: whether single battery temperature is higher than the second heating-up temperature threshold value.If so, then step S925 is performed; If not, then step S924 is performed.
Step S924: whether continuous heating exceedes time of heat threshold value.If so, then step S925 is performed; If not, then step S913 is performed.
Step S925: heated, cell heater quits work.
In an example of the present invention, first heating-up temperature threshold value can be-10 DEG C, and the second heating-up temperature threshold value can be 20 DEG C, and the 19 temperature threshold can be-20 DEG C, 17 power threshold can be 25% of the total electricity of battery pack, and time of heat threshold value can be 20 minutes.
In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 10, further, the heating of battery method of electronlmobil can also comprise the following steps:
Step S1001: ON electricity on car load.
Step S1002: the temperature and the dump energy that detect battery pack.
Step S1003: battery manager controls adhesive preliminary filling contactless switch, treats that preliminary filling completes, and controls adhesive main contactor.Car load travels by normal strategy.
Step S1004: whether battery pack temperature is lower than the first heating-up temperature threshold value.If so, step S1005 is performed; If not, then step S1003 is performed.
Step S1005: whether battery manager calculates electricity higher than driving power threshold.If so, then step S1008 is performed; If not, then step S1006 is performed.
Step S1006: whether battery manager calculates electricity higher than parking power threshold.If so, then step S1008 is performed; If not, then step S1007 is performed.
Step S1007: it is too low to instrument display battery electric quantity that battery manager sends information, car load does not allow heating, travels and charging.
Step S1008: user is confirmed whether to need heating.If so, then step S1009 is performed; If not, then step S1010 is performed.
Step S1009: before heating, whether cell heater self-inspection exists fault.If so, then step S1011 is performed; If not, then step S1012 is performed.
Step S1010: battery manager sends information and do not allow heating to instrument display user, car load does not allow heating, travels and charging.
Step S1011: battery manager stops providing power supply to cell heater and sending message, photos and sending messages is to instrument display " heating system malfunction ", and car load does not allow heating, travels and charging.
Step S1012: battery manager sends heating signal to cell heater, starts heating.
Step S1013: battery manager controls adhesive preliminary filling contactless switch, treats that preliminary filling completes, after controlling adhesive main contactor, enter car load heating, heating system detects oneself state always.Specifically, battery manager receives the enabled instruction of the chaufeur input of electronlmobil, calculates the current electric quantity of battery pack, and calculates the maximum permission horsepower output of battery pack and travel according to maximum permission output power electronlmobil limit power.
Step S1014: different according to the temperature of battery pack, enters different heating procedures.Battery manager adjusts according to the horsepower output of the temperature of battery pack to cell heater, performs next step S1015.
Step S1015 comprises particularly:
When the temperature of battery pack higher than the 3rd heating-up temperature threshold value lower than the 4th heating-up temperature threshold value time, battery manager controls cell heater and heats battery pack with the first power;
When the temperature of battery pack higher than the 4th heating-up temperature threshold value lower than the 5th heating-up temperature threshold value time, battery manager controls cell heater and heats battery pack with the second power;
When the temperature of battery pack higher than the 5th heating-up temperature threshold value lower than the 6th heating-up temperature threshold value time, battery manager controls cell heater and heats battery pack with the 3rd power;
When the temperature of battery pack higher than the 6th heating-up temperature threshold value lower than the 7th heating-up temperature threshold value time, battery manager controls cell heater and heats battery pack with the 4th power.
Step S1016: battery manager judges whether time of heat reaches the first Preset Time (T1).If so, then step S1017 is performed; If not, then step S1018 is performed.
Step S1017: cell heater quits work, battery manager judges whether standing time reaches the second Preset Time (T2).If so, then step S1016 is performed; If not, then continue to perform step S1017.
Step S1018: whether user presses heat button, and keeps Preset Time.If so, then step S1019 is performed; If not, then step S1020 is performed.In an example of the present invention, Preset Time can be 2 seconds.
Step S1019: battery manager sends information and stops heating to instrument display user, car load does not allow heating, travels and charging.
Step S1020: heating system whether fault in heat process.If so, then step S1021 is performed; If not, then step S1022 is performed.
Step S1021: cell heater quits work, instrument display alarm.Car load does not allow heating, travels and charging.
Step S1022: whether battery pack temperature is higher than the first heating-up temperature threshold value.If so, then step S1025 is performed; If not, then step S1023 is performed.
Step S1023: whether single battery temperature is higher than the second heating-up temperature threshold value.If so, then step S1025 is performed; If not, then step S1024 is performed.
Step S1024: whether continuous heating exceedes time of heat threshold value.If so, then step S1025 is performed; If not, then step S1013 is performed.
Step S1025: heated, cell heater quits work.
In an example of the present invention, first temperature threshold, the second temperature threshold, the 3rd temperature threshold, the 4th temperature threshold, the 5th temperature threshold can be-30 DEG C ,-25 DEG C ,-20 DEG C ,-15 DEG C ,-10 DEG C respectively, first heating-up temperature threshold value can be-10 DEG C, second heating-up temperature threshold value can be 20 DEG C, and time of heat threshold value can be 20 minutes.
In sum, specifically, on car load after ON electricity, battery manager is started working, and detects the break-make situation of main contactor in the temperature of battery pack and switch box.The temperature of battery pack is the mean temperature of battery pack, and battery manager is sampled by the temperature of battery information collector to each battery modules in battery pack, gathers the temperature value of every batteries in battery pack, calculates the temperature of all batteries in battery pack.If battery pack temperature is lower than the first heating-up temperature threshold value, and battery pack dump energy is higher than parking power threshold, user presses heat button simultaneously, and keeps 2 seconds, then battery manager sends message by CAN alignment cell heater, allows car load heating.Before driving heating starts, namely before machine operation, battery manager transmits control signal to switch box, control the adhesive of preliminary filling contactless switch, make battery pack to pre-charging capacitor C2 charging, after pre-charging capacitor voltage is close to battery voltage, just allow machine operation.
Wherein, heat button is arranged on gauge panel, controls the switch of cell heater as user.Press this button and then allow cell heater work, prerequisite be meet battery pack temperature lower than the first heating-up temperature threshold value, and the dump energy of battery pack is higher than these two conditions of parking power threshold; If press once this button again, and keep 2 seconds, then cell heater is forced to quit work.
Switch box main contactor is positioned at switch box inside, for the power supply of power on/off machine controller.If dump energy is higher than driving power threshold, then battery manager sends control signals to switch box, controls main contactor adhesive, allows machine operation.Electric machine controller becomes three plase alternating current needed for motor by driving circuit the DC inverter that battery pack provides, and to feeding electric motors, and allows car load to limit power to travel.
Preliminary filling contactless switch is also positioned at switch box inside, connects with pre-charging capacitor C2.Especially, before machine operation to pre-charging capacitor C2 charging, be because:
1. preliminary filling process can avoid rush of current, prevents from sintering during main contactor adhesive.Connect between pre-charging capacitor with preliminary filling contactless switch a current-limiting resistance, after preliminary filling completes, battery manager controls main contactor adhesive, then disconnects preliminary filling contactless switch.
2. motor starting current within the short time just started is comparatively large, can drag down the voltage of whole battery pack, therefore first give pre-charging capacitor C2 charging, make its voltage close with battery voltage, restart motor.Because capacitance voltage moment can not suddenly change, therefore by it together with motor parallel, reduce electric motor starting to the impact of battery voltage.
Cell heater, after receiving the permission heating signal sended over by battery manager, starts to carry out self-inspection to its own system, starts self-inspection and whether there is the system failure.In an example of the present invention, cell heater send 1 0.5 millisecond single impulse checking cell heater whether there is fault.As cell heater does not find fault, then cell heater sends control wave (the such as cycle is 20 milliseconds, 20% dutycycle) control internal switch module circuit, make the short circuit of battery pack short time, reach to the object of battery pack heating, simultaneously cell heater sends CAN signal to instrument, after instrument receives this signal, and instrument display " electrokinetic cell add hanker ".
In the process of battery pack heating, battery manager and cell heater detect battery state respectively always, if detect that the temperature of battery pack is higher than the first heating-up temperature threshold value under normal circumstances, or the continuous heating time exceedes time of heat threshold value, or the highest single battery temperature is higher than the second heating-up temperature threshold value, then cell heater stops sending pulse control signal to switch module, stops heating battery pack.Cell heater sends CAN signal to instrument, and instrument shows " heating completes " after receiving this signal, and now car load battery pack heat process terminates.In an example of the present invention, the second warm degree of heating threshold value can be 20 DEG C, and time threshold can be 20 minutes.As preferably, in battery pack heat process, in order to prevent heating schedule repeated priming, when battery pack temperature being detected higher than the first heating-up temperature threshold value 5 DEG C, stop heating battery pack.
Workflow under normal non-fault situation as above describes.
If the battery pack temperature that battery manager detects is higher than the first heating-up temperature threshold value, then battery manager is according to the startup strategy works of car load under normal temperature; If battery pack temperature is lower than the first heating-up temperature threshold value, and battery dump energy is lower than parking power threshold, main contactor is in not attracting state, then battery manager sends CAN signal to cell heater and instrument, battery pack is not allowed to heat, show after instrument receives this signal " battery pack dump energy is not enough ", now car load does not allow heating, travels and charging.
If there is any one in cell heater fault, under-voltage protection, overvoltage protection, overheating protection, pulse width interval and the protection of maximum ON time in cell heater process of self-test; then do not allow to heat to battery pack; cell heater sends breakdown signal; instrument receives this signal and then shows " heating system malfunction ", does not now allow heating.
Any one in cell heater fault, under-voltage protection, overvoltage protection, overheating protection, pulse width interval and the protection of maximum ON time is there is in cell heater is to battery pack heat process; then cell heater stops heating to battery pack; and send breakdown signal; instrument receives this signal and then shows " heating system malfunction ", and this time battery pack heating stops.
In an example of the present invention, for the above-mentioned fault type mentioned, further, the protection circuit that cell heater inside is made has following description:
1) failure reset circuit.When there being breakdown signal, IGBT ends, inner ERROR(fault) pin is low level, exported by breakdown signal by optocoupler, pin ERROUT(fault exports) be low level.If think de-preservation state, PWM(PulseWidthModulation, pulse width modulation) ripple should remain high level 2 seconds, reset breakdown signal, and circuit recovers normal working.If 2 seconds can not reset, then illustrate that circuit creates permanent fault, cisco unity malfunction.
2) pulse width interval and the protection of maximum ON time.For ensureing that the inner IGBT discharge module of cell heater normally works, by DSP(DigitalSignalProcessor, digital signal processor) impulse rate that sends can not be too fast, and pulse width time can not be oversize.Such as, pulse width is maximum can be 5 milliseconds, and interval is minimum can be 7-10 millisecond, otherwise has breakdown signal to export.
3) secondary power supply produces.In an example of the present invention, the inner IGBT of cell heater drives and adopts DC-to-DC insulating power supply, and the voltage recommendation of gate pole positive bias can be+15V, and negative bias can be-7V.Negative bias can be accelerated to turn off IGBT, and prevents surge current excessive and cause IGBT to mislead.
4) under-voltage protection.Under-voltage protecting circuit is mainly in order to prevent due to problems such as the cell heater that causes of driving voltage deficiency inner IGBT power consumption increases.When cell heater internal power supply control circuit voltage drop is to the first voltage threshold, there is under-voltage protection.In an example of the present invention, the first voltage threshold can be 9V.
5) overheat protector.Overheating protection circuit can prevent the too high damage caused IGBT of temperature, mainly carries out temperature sampling by thermally dependent resistor, when module baseplate temp occurs overheating protection higher than during reliability temperature threshold.Whether this circuit can also be used for detecting thermally dependent resistor and open a way, when thermally dependent resistor is opened a way, and this infinite of equivalence, output protection signal.In an example of the present invention, reliability temperature threshold can be 85 DEG C.
6) overvoltage protection.Because discharge loop exists larger inductance usually, when IGBT turns off, collecting electrode can inspire very high potential, therefore high-voltage capacitance in parallel between the collector and emitter of IGBT.Overvoltage protective module mainly prevents IGBT collecting electrode transient voltage when turning off too high, causes IGBT overvoltage and burns out, when collector voltage is more than the second voltage threshold, and output protection signal.In an example of the present invention, the second voltage threshold can be 800V.
In heating system heats process, if user presses heat button suddenly, and keep 2 seconds, then cell heater stops, to battery pack heating, not allowing to charge to battery pack, also not allowing running car.
According to the heating of battery method of the electronlmobil of the embodiment of the present invention, pure electric automobile can be made not rely on external power supply and realize the heating to battery pack, battery pack temperature is risen to temperature required, battery pack is used again according to normal electric discharge and charging strategy, greatly reduce the restriction that electronlmobil uses at low temperature environment, client can be met and drive a vehicle and charging requirement when low temperature.In addition, also adopt different power heatings according to battery pack real time temperature difference, control more meticulous, the performance of battery pack is not fully exerted, safety is improved.
In the description of this specification sheets, specific features, structure, material or feature that the description of reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " concrete example " or " some examples " etc. means to describe in conjunction with this embodiment or example are contained at least one embodiment of the present invention or example.In this manual, identical embodiment or example are not necessarily referred to the schematic representation of above-mentioned term.And the specific features of description, structure, material or feature can combine in an appropriate manner in any one or more embodiment or example.
Although illustrate and describe embodiments of the invention, for the ordinary skill in the art, be appreciated that and can carry out multiple change, amendment, replacement and modification to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, scope of the present invention is by claims and equivalency thereof.

Claims (38)

1. a power system for electronlmobil, is characterized in that, comprising:
Battery pack;
Cell heater, described cell heater is connected with described battery pack, and described cell heater is configured to carry out discharge and recharge to heat described battery pack to described battery pack;
Battery manager, described battery manager is connected with described cell heater with described battery pack respectively, for the temperature of described battery pack lower than the first heating-up temperature threshold value and the dump energy of described battery pack higher than parking power threshold after, the heating power adjusting described cell heater according to the temperature of described battery pack is the heating of described battery pack, and described electronlmobil limit power traveling is controlled when allowing electronlmobil driving heating, and described battery manager is also for after heating described battery pack at the described cell heater of control, if chaufeur presses heat button again, then judge whether the operation of again pressing described heat button meets pre-conditioned, if judge to meet, then according to the temperature of described battery pack and dump energy, described electronlmobil and/or described cell heater are controlled further,
Switch box, described switch box is used for distributing the voltage that described battery pack exports;
Motor;
Electric machine controller, described electric machine controller is connected with described switch box with described motor respectively, and the pre-charging capacitor that described electric machine controller has first input end, the second input end and is connected between described first input end and the second input end, the voltage that described electric machine controller is used for distributing according to control command and described switch box is described feeding electric motors; And
Isolation inductance, described isolation inductance is connected between described battery pack and described switch box, and the inductance of described isolation inductance mates with the described pre-charging capacitor of described electric machine controller.
2. the power system of electronlmobil as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, when the dump energy of described battery pack is higher than driving power threshold, allow described electronlmobil to enter driving heating mode, wherein, described driving power threshold is higher than described parking power threshold.
3. the power system of electronlmobil as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, when any one of following condition meets, described battery manager controls described cell heater and heats described battery pack:
The temperature of described battery pack is higher than the first temperature threshold and lower than the second temperature threshold, and the dump energy of described battery pack is higher than the first power threshold;
The temperature of described battery pack is higher than described second temperature threshold and lower than the 3rd temperature threshold, and the dump energy of described battery pack is higher than the second power threshold, and described second power threshold is lower than described first power threshold;
The temperature of described battery pack is higher than described 3rd temperature threshold and lower than the 4th temperature threshold, and the dump energy of described battery pack is higher than the 3rd power threshold, and described 3rd power threshold is lower than described second power threshold; Or
The temperature of described battery pack is higher than described 4th temperature threshold and lower than the 5th temperature threshold, and the dump energy of described battery pack is higher than the 4th power threshold, and described 4th power threshold is lower than described 3rd power threshold.
4. the power system of electronlmobil as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, when any one of following condition meets, described battery manager controls described cell heater and heats described battery pack:
The temperature of described battery pack is higher than the 6th temperature threshold, and the dump energy of described battery pack is higher than the 5th power threshold;
The temperature of described battery pack is higher than the 7th temperature threshold, and the dump energy of described battery pack is higher than the 6th power threshold, and wherein, described 7th temperature threshold is higher than described 6th temperature threshold, and described 6th power threshold is lower than described 5th power threshold;
The temperature of described battery pack is higher than the 8th temperature threshold, and the dump energy of described battery pack is higher than the 7th power threshold, and wherein, described 8th temperature threshold is higher than described 7th temperature threshold, and described 7th power threshold is lower than described 6th power threshold; Or
The temperature of described battery pack is higher than the 9th temperature threshold, and the dump energy of described battery pack is higher than the 8th power threshold, and wherein, described 9th temperature threshold is higher than described 8th temperature threshold, and described 8th power threshold is lower than described 7th power threshold.
5. the power system of the electronlmobil as described in claim 3 or 4, is characterized in that, when the dump energy of described battery pack is lower than described driving power threshold and higher than described parking power threshold, allows described electronlmobil to enter parking heating mode.
6. the power system of electronlmobil as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, when any one of following condition meets, described battery manager controls described cell heater and heats described battery pack:
The temperature of described battery pack is higher than the tenth temperature threshold and lower than the 11 temperature threshold, and the dump energy of described battery pack is higher than the 9th power threshold;
The temperature of described battery pack is higher than described 11 temperature threshold and lower than the 12 temperature threshold, and the dump energy of described battery pack is higher than the tenth power threshold, and described tenth power threshold is lower than described 9th power threshold;
The temperature of described battery pack is higher than described 12 temperature threshold and lower than the 13 temperature threshold, and the dump energy of described battery pack is higher than the 11 power threshold, and described 11 power threshold is lower than described tenth power threshold; Or
The temperature of described battery pack is higher than described 13 temperature threshold and lower than the 14 temperature threshold, and the dump energy of described battery pack is higher than the 12 power threshold, and described 12 power threshold is lower than described 11 power threshold.
7. the power system of electronlmobil as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, when any one of following condition meets, described battery manager controls described cell heater and heats described battery pack:
The temperature of described battery pack is higher than the 15 temperature threshold, and the dump energy of described battery pack is higher than the 13 power threshold;
The temperature of described battery pack is higher than the 16 temperature threshold, and the dump energy of described battery pack is higher than the 14 power threshold, wherein, described 16 temperature threshold is higher than described 15 temperature threshold, and described 14 power threshold is lower than described 13 power threshold;
The temperature of described battery pack is higher than the 17 temperature threshold, and the dump energy of described battery pack is higher than the 15 power threshold, wherein, described 17 temperature threshold is higher than described 16 temperature threshold, and described 15 power threshold is lower than described 14 power threshold; Or
The temperature of described battery pack is higher than the 18 temperature threshold, and the dump energy of described battery pack is higher than the 16 power threshold, wherein, described 18 temperature threshold is higher than described 17 temperature threshold, and described 16 power threshold is lower than described 15 power threshold.
8. the power system of electronlmobil as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that,
If the temperature of described battery pack is lower than the 19 temperature threshold, then described battery manager sends the prompting forbidden the heating of described electronlmobil, travel or charge; And
If the temperature of described battery pack is higher than described 19 temperature threshold, then described battery manager control described cell heater stop described battery pack is heated.
9. the power system of electronlmobil as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that,
If the dump energy of described battery pack is lower than the 17 power threshold, then described battery manager sends the prompting forbidden the heating of described electronlmobil, travel or charge; And
If the dump energy of described battery pack is higher than described 17 power threshold, and the temperature of described battery pack is higher than described 19 temperature threshold, then described battery manager allows described electronlmobil to limit power to travel.
10. the power system of electronlmobil as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that,
The temperature of described battery pack is higher than the 3rd heating-up temperature threshold value and lower than the 4th heating-up temperature threshold value, then described battery manager controls described cell heater and heats described battery pack with the first power;
The temperature of described battery pack is higher than described 4th heating-up temperature threshold value and lower than the 5th heating-up temperature threshold value, then described battery manager controls described cell heater and heats described battery pack with the second power;
The temperature of described battery pack is higher than described 5th heating-up temperature threshold value and lower than the 6th heating-up temperature threshold value, then described battery manager controls described cell heater and heats described battery pack with the 3rd power; Or
The temperature of described battery pack is higher than described 6th heating-up temperature threshold value and lower than the 7th heating-up temperature threshold value, then described battery manager controls described cell heater and heats described battery pack with the 4th power.
The power system of 11. electronlmobils as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described battery manager also for judging whether time of heat reaches the first Preset Time, and when judging to reach described first Preset Time, controlling described cell heater and stopping heating described battery pack.
The power system of 12. electronlmobils as claimed in claim 11, it is characterized in that, described battery manager is also for after controlling described cell heater and stopping heating described battery pack, calculate standing time, and when described standing time reaches the second Preset Time, again start described cell heater and described battery pack is heated.
The power system of 13. electronlmobils as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the inductance value L of described isolation inductance determines according to following formula:
wherein, T is the equivalent load cycle of operations of described motor, and C is the capacitance of described pre-charging capacitor.
The power system of 14. electronlmobils as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described cell heater carries out fault self-checking and testing result is sent to described battery manager.
The power system of 15. electronlmobils as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described cell heater comprises further:
First switch module, one end of described first switch module is connected with described isolation inductance with the first electrode of described battery pack respectively;
First electric capacity, one end of described first electric capacity is connected with the other end of described first switch module, and the other end of described first electric capacity is connected with the second electrode of described battery pack;
First inductance, one end of described first inductance is connected with the node between described first switch module and described first electric capacity;
Second switch module, one end of described second switch module is connected with the other end of described first inductance, and the other end of described second switch module is connected with the second electrode of described battery pack, described first switch module is all connected with described battery manager with the control end of second switch module, when to described battery pack heating, described battery manager sends a signal to described cell heater, described cell heater control described first switch module and second switch module successively conducting to produce charging current and discharge current successively in described battery pack, and described second switch module is closed when described first switch module conducting, described in when described second switch module conducting, the first switch module is closed.
The power system of 16. electronlmobils as claimed in claim 15, it is characterized in that, described cell heater also comprises:
Cooling module, for cooling the first switch module in described cell heater and second switch module.
The power system of 17. electronlmobils as claimed in claim 16, it is characterized in that, described cooling module comprises further:
Be arranged on the air channel in described cell heater; And
Be arranged on the fan of one end, described air channel.
The power system of 18. electronlmobils as claimed in claim 16, it is characterized in that, described cooling module comprises further:
Be arranged on the coolant channel in described cell heater; And
Be arranged on the cooling liquid inlet on described cell heater and cooling liquid outlet.
The power system of 19. electronlmobils as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described cell heater also comprises:
Power connectors, for connecting and fixing the power line be connected with described battery pack.
The power system of 20. electronlmobils as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described switch box comprises further:
Main contactor, described main contactor is used for the consumer output voltage of described switch box being dispensed to described electronlmobil under the control of described battery manager; And
Preliminary filling contactless switch, the first input end and the second input end of described preliminary filling contactless switch and described electric machine controller one of them be connected, described preliminary filling contactless switch is used under the control of described battery manager, is the charging of described pre-charging capacitor before electric motor starting described in described motor controller controls.
21. 1 kinds of electronlmobils, is characterized in that, comprise the power system of the electronlmobil as described in any one of claim 1-20.
The heating of battery method of 22. 1 kinds of electronlmobils as claimed in claim 21, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Detect the temperature of described battery pack and the dump energy of described battery pack;
If the temperature of described battery pack lower than the first heating-up temperature threshold value and the dump energy of described battery pack higher than parking power threshold, the heating power that then described battery manager adjusts described cell heater according to the temperature of described battery pack is the heating of described battery pack, and described electronlmobil limit power traveling is controlled when allowing electronlmobil driving heating, and described battery manager control described cell heater be described battery pack heating after, if after chaufeur presses heat button again, then judge whether the operation of again pressing described heat button meets pre-conditioned, and judge meet described pre-conditioned time, according to the temperature of described battery pack and dump energy, described electronlmobil and/or described cell heater are controlled further,
If the temperature of described battery pack lower than described first heating-up temperature threshold value and the dump energy of described battery pack lower than described parking power threshold, then described battery manager send forbid described electronlmobil heating, travel or charging prompting; And
If the temperature of described battery pack is higher than described first heating-up temperature threshold value, then the main contactor that described battery manager controls in described switch box closes.
The heating of battery method of 23. electronlmobils as claimed in claim 22, it is characterized in that, when the dump energy of described battery pack is higher than driving power threshold, allow described electronlmobil to enter driving heating mode, wherein, described driving power threshold is higher than described parking power threshold.
The heating of battery method of 24. electronlmobils as claimed in claim 23, is characterized in that, it is that described battery pack heats that described battery manager controls described cell heater according to the temperature of described battery pack and dump energy, comprises further:
When the temperature of described battery pack is higher than the first temperature threshold and lower than the second temperature threshold, and the dump energy of described battery pack higher than the first power threshold time, described battery manager controls described cell heater and heats described battery pack;
When the temperature of described battery pack is higher than described second temperature threshold and lower than the 3rd temperature threshold, and the dump energy of described battery pack higher than the second power threshold time, described battery manager controls described cell heater and heats described battery pack, wherein, described second power threshold is lower than described first power threshold;
When the temperature of described battery pack is higher than described 3rd temperature threshold and lower than the 4th temperature threshold, and the dump energy of described battery pack higher than the 3rd power threshold time, described battery manager controls described cell heater and heats described battery pack, wherein, described 3rd power threshold is lower than described second power threshold; Or
When the temperature of described battery pack is higher than described 4th temperature threshold and lower than the 5th temperature threshold, and the dump energy of described battery pack higher than the 4th power threshold time, described battery manager controls described cell heater and heats described battery pack, wherein, described 4th power threshold is lower than described 3rd power threshold.
The heating of battery method of 25. electronlmobils as claimed in claim 23, is characterized in that, it is that described battery pack heats that described battery manager controls described cell heater according to the temperature of described battery pack and dump energy, comprises further:
When the temperature of described battery pack is higher than the 6th temperature threshold, and the dump energy of described battery pack higher than the 5th power threshold time, described battery manager controls described cell heater and heats described battery pack;
When the temperature of described battery pack is higher than the 7th temperature threshold, and the dump energy of described battery pack is higher than the 6th power threshold, described 7th temperature threshold is higher than described 6th temperature threshold, when described 6th power threshold is lower than described 5th power threshold, described battery manager controls described cell heater and heats described battery pack;
When the temperature of described battery pack is higher than the 8th temperature threshold, and the dump energy of described battery pack is higher than the 7th power threshold, described 8th temperature threshold is higher than described 7th temperature threshold, when described 7th power threshold is lower than described 6th power threshold, described battery manager controls described cell heater and heats described battery pack; Or
When the temperature of described battery pack is higher than the 9th temperature threshold, and the dump energy of described battery pack is higher than the 8th power threshold, described 9th temperature threshold is higher than described 8th temperature threshold, when described 8th power threshold is lower than described 7th power threshold, described battery manager controls described cell heater and heats described battery pack.
The heating of battery method of 26. electronlmobils as described in claim 24 or 25, it is characterized in that, when the dump energy of described battery pack is lower than described driving power threshold and higher than described parking power threshold, described electronlmobil is allowed to enter parking heating mode.
The heating of battery method of 27. electronlmobils as claimed in claim 26, is characterized in that, it is that described battery pack heats that described battery manager controls described cell heater according to the temperature of described battery pack and dump energy, comprises further:
When the temperature of described battery pack is higher than the tenth temperature threshold and lower than the 11 temperature threshold, and the dump energy of described battery pack higher than the 9th power threshold time, described battery manager controls described cell heater and heats described battery pack;
When the temperature of described battery pack is higher than described 11 temperature threshold and lower than the 12 temperature threshold, and the dump energy of described battery pack higher than the tenth power threshold time, described battery manager controls described cell heater and heats described battery pack, wherein, described tenth power threshold is lower than described 9th power threshold;
When the temperature of described battery pack is higher than described 12 temperature threshold and lower than the 13 temperature threshold, and the dump energy of described battery pack higher than 11 power threshold time, described battery manager controls described cell heater and heats described battery pack, wherein, described 11 power threshold is lower than described tenth power threshold; Or
When the temperature of described battery pack is higher than described 13 temperature threshold and lower than the 14 temperature threshold, and the dump energy of described battery pack higher than 12 power threshold time, described battery manager controls described cell heater and heats described battery pack, wherein, described 12 power threshold is lower than described 11 power threshold.
The heating of battery method of 28. electronlmobils as claimed in claim 26, is characterized in that, it is that described battery pack heats that described battery manager controls described cell heater according to the temperature of described battery pack and dump energy, comprises further:
When the temperature of described battery pack is higher than the 15 temperature threshold, and the dump energy of described battery pack higher than 13 power threshold time, described battery manager controls described cell heater and heats described battery pack;
When the temperature of described battery pack is higher than the 16 temperature threshold, and the dump energy of described battery pack higher than 14 power threshold time, described battery manager controls described cell heater and heats described battery pack, wherein, described 16 temperature threshold is higher than described 15 temperature threshold, and described 14 power threshold is lower than described 13 power threshold;
When the temperature of described battery pack is higher than the 17 temperature threshold, and the dump energy of described battery pack higher than 15 power threshold time, described battery manager controls described cell heater and heats described battery pack, wherein, described 17 temperature threshold is higher than described 16 temperature threshold, and described 15 power threshold is lower than described 14 power threshold; Or
When the temperature of described battery pack is higher than the 18 temperature threshold, and the dump energy of described battery pack higher than 16 power threshold time, described battery manager controls described cell heater and heats described battery pack, wherein, described 18 temperature threshold is higher than described 17 temperature threshold, and described 16 power threshold is lower than described 15 power threshold.
The heating of battery method of 29. electronlmobils as claimed in claim 22, is characterized in that,
If the temperature of described battery pack is lower than the 19 temperature threshold, then described battery manager sends the prompting forbidden the heating of described electronlmobil, travel or charge; And
If the temperature of described battery pack is higher than described 19 temperature threshold, then described battery manager control described cell heater stop described battery pack is heated.
The heating of battery method of 30. electronlmobils as claimed in claim 29, is characterized in that,
If the dump energy of described battery pack is lower than the 17 power threshold, then described battery manager sends the prompting forbidden the heating of described electronlmobil, travel or charge; And
If the dump energy of described battery pack is higher than the 17 power threshold, and the temperature of described battery pack is higher than described 19 temperature threshold, then described battery manager allows described electronlmobil to limit power to travel.
The heating of battery method of 31. electronlmobils as claimed in claim 22, is characterized in that, adjust the heating power of described cell heater, comprise further according to the temperature of described battery pack:
If the temperature of described battery pack is higher than the 3rd heating-up temperature threshold value and lower than the 4th heating-up temperature threshold value, then described battery manager controls described cell heater and heats described battery pack with the first power;
If the temperature of described battery pack is higher than described 4th heating-up temperature threshold value and lower than the 5th heating-up temperature threshold value, then described battery manager controls described cell heater and heats described battery pack with the second power;
If the temperature of described battery pack is higher than described 5th heating-up temperature threshold value and lower than the 6th heating-up temperature threshold value, then described battery manager controls described cell heater and heats described battery pack with the 3rd power; Or
If the temperature of described battery pack is higher than described 6th heating-up temperature threshold value and lower than the 7th heating-up temperature threshold value, then described battery manager controls described cell heater and heats described battery pack with the 4th power.
The heating of battery method of 32. electronlmobils as claimed in claim 22, is characterized in that, also comprise:
Judge whether time of heat reaches the first Preset Time; And
When judging to reach described first Preset Time, controlling described cell heater and stopping heating described battery pack.
The heating of battery method of 33. electronlmobils as claimed in claim 32, is characterized in that, also comprise:
Calculate standing time;
Judge whether described standing time reaches the second Preset Time; And
When judging to reach described second Preset Time, again starting described cell heater and described battery pack is heated.
The heating of battery method of 34. electronlmobils as claimed in claim 22, is characterized in that, controlling described cell heater at described battery manager is, before described battery pack heats, also comprise:
The described battery manager preliminary filling contactless switch controlled in described switch box closes as described pre-charging capacitor is charged, and turns off described preliminary filling contactless switch after described pre-charging capacitor charging.
The heating of battery method of 35. electronlmobils as claimed in claim 22, is characterized in that, also comprise:
Described cell heater carries out fault self-checking and testing result is sent to described battery manager, and described battery manager sends the prompting forbidden the heating of described electronlmobil, travel or charge when described cell heater breaks down.
The heating of battery method of 36. electronlmobils as claimed in claim 22, is characterized in that, controlling described cell heater at described battery manager is, before described battery pack heats, also comprise:
Judge whether the heating instructions of the chaufeur input receiving described electronlmobil;
If receive described heating instructions, then described battery manager controls described cell heater is the heating of described battery pack; And
If do not receive described heating instructions, then described battery manager sends the prompting forbidden the heating of described electronlmobil, travel or charge.
The heating of battery method of 37. electronlmobils as claimed in claim 22, is characterized in that, controlling described cell heater at described battery manager is, after described battery pack heats, also comprise:
Described battery manager receives the enabled instruction of the chaufeur input of described electronlmobil;
Described battery manager calculates Current Temperatures and the dump energy of described battery pack, and calculates the maximum permission horsepower output of described battery pack; And
According to described maximum permission output power, electronlmobil limit power travels.
The heating of battery method of 38. electronlmobils as claimed in claim 22, is characterized in that, when any one of following condition meets, described battery manager controls described cell heater and stops heating,
Described battery pack temperature is higher than described first heating-up temperature threshold value;
In described battery pack, the temperature of any one single battery is higher than the second heating-up temperature threshold value, and described second heating-up temperature threshold value is higher than described first heating-up temperature threshold value; Or
The continuous heating time of described cell heater is higher than time of heat threshold value.
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