CN111873820B - High-voltage detection circuit, current sampling unit, detector, battery device, carrier and power supply device - Google Patents

High-voltage detection circuit, current sampling unit, detector, battery device, carrier and power supply device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111873820B
CN111873820B CN202010565793.7A CN202010565793A CN111873820B CN 111873820 B CN111873820 B CN 111873820B CN 202010565793 A CN202010565793 A CN 202010565793A CN 111873820 B CN111873820 B CN 111873820B
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Prior art keywords
capacitance value
battery
parasitic capacitance
processor
circuit
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CN111873820A (en
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但志敏
侯贻真
蔡金博
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Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
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Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/547—Voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4278—Systems for data transfer from batteries, e.g. transfer of battery parameters to a controller, data transferred between battery controller and main controller
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a high-voltage detection circuit, a current sampling unit, a detector, a battery device, a carrier and a power supply device, and is applied to the technical field of batteries. Wherein, high voltage detection circuitry includes: the pre-charging circuit is used for outputting the electric energy of the battery through the outer side contact; and the processor is used for acquiring the real-time voltage of the outer contact. The parasitic capacitance value can be obtained by the following method based on the high-voltage detection circuit: turning on the pre-charging circuit; collecting, by the processor, at least three real-time voltages of the outer contacts; obtaining, by the processor, a parasitic capacitance value as a function of the at least three real-time voltages. Therefore, the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention can judge whether the main charging circuit can be conducted or not according to the size of the parasitic capacitance value, fundamentally prevents the main charging branch circuit from being conducted when the parasitic capacitance is overlarge, avoids the damage of a switch in the main charging circuit, and improves the safety of the battery.

Description

High-voltage detection circuit, current sampling unit, detector, battery device, carrier and power supply device
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a high-voltage detection circuit, a current sampling unit, a detector, a battery device, a delivery vehicle and a power supply device.
[ background of the invention ]
In recent years, electric vehicles have been rapidly developed as an important component of the new energy field, and at the same time, the safety problem of the vehicle-mounted battery has become one of the problems that hinder the electric vehicles from being developed more rapidly. When the vehicle-mounted battery is connected with external equipment (such as a charging pile) through the main charging circuit, a large pulse current can possibly be generated due to the existence of an overlarge parasitic capacitor, the pulse current flows through the main charging circuit, and if a switch of the main charging circuit is damaged due to the overlarge pulse current, the vehicle-mounted battery is continuously impacted, so that a serious safety problem is caused.
At present, in order to avoid the switch damage of the main charging loop, a pre-charging circuit is generally added, and a vehicle-mounted battery charges a parasitic capacitor in advance. After the parasitic capacitor is charged for a specified time (usually 200ms), the parasitic capacitor is considered to be fully charged (the voltage of the parasitic capacitor is equal to the voltage of the vehicle-mounted battery), and then the main charging route is conducted to charge the vehicle-mounted battery by the external equipment.
In the prior art, when the parasitic capacitance is too large due to charging failure or other reasons, the parasitic capacitance may not be fully charged within the specified time. If the main charging circuit is turned on at this time, the switch in the main charging circuit is damaged, and further serious safety problems of the vehicle-mounted battery are brought.
[ summary of the invention ]
In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a high voltage detection method and circuit, a current sampling unit, a high voltage box, a circuit board, a detector, a battery device, a vehicle, a power supply device, and a computer readable storage medium, so as to effectively avoid the switch damage of a main charging loop and improve the safety of a vehicle-mounted battery.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a current sampling unit, including:
the pre-charging circuit is used for outputting electric energy of the battery to the outside through an outer side contact, an inner side contact of the pre-charging circuit is connected with the anode of the battery, the pre-charging circuit comprises a pre-charging switch and a pre-charging resistor, and the pre-charging switch and the pre-charging resistor are connected in series between the inner side contact and the outer side contact;
the processor is used for acquiring the voltage value of the battery and the resistance value of the pre-charging resistor, acquiring the real-time voltage of the outer contact, and acquiring a parasitic capacitance value according to the voltage value of the battery, the resistance value of the pre-charging resistor and the real-time voltage, wherein an analog-to-digital converter is configured in the processor, and the analog-to-digital converter is connected with the outer contact.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a high voltage detection circuit, including:
the pre-charging circuit is used for outputting the electric energy of the battery through the outer side contact;
and the processor is used for acquiring the real-time voltage of the outer contact and obtaining the parasitic capacitance value according to the real-time voltage.
The above aspect and any possible implementation further provide an implementation, and the processor is further configured to obtain a voltage value of the battery and a resistance value of the pre-charge resistor.
The above-described aspect and any possible implementation further provide an implementation, where the processor is specifically configured to:
obtaining a time constant through a first-order full response formula according to at least three real-time voltages;
and obtaining the parasitic capacitance value through kirchhoff's law according to the time constant, at least three real-time voltages, the voltage value of the battery and the resistance value of the pre-charging resistor.
The above aspect and any possible implementation further provide an implementation in which an inner contact of the pre-charge circuit is connected to a positive electrode of a battery, and an outer contact of the pre-charge circuit is connected to the processor.
The above aspect and any possible implementation further provide an implementation in which the pre-charge circuit includes a pre-charge switch and a pre-charge resistor, and the pre-charge switch and the pre-charge resistor are connected in series between an inner contact and an outer contact of the pre-charge circuit.
The above aspect and any possible implementation further provide an implementation, in which an analog-to-digital converter is configured in the processor.
The above aspects and any possible implementations further provide an implementation in which the pre-charge circuit and the processor are both located inside a high voltage box.
The above aspect and any possible implementation further provide an implementation in which the pre-charge circuit and the processor are both located outside the high voltage box.
The above aspect and any possible implementation further provide an implementation in which the pre-charge circuit is located outside the high voltage box and the processor is located inside the high voltage box.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a high voltage cartridge, including: the high voltage detection circuit of the second aspect.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a circuit board, including: the high-voltage detection circuit obtained in any one of the above-mentioned implementation modes.
In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a detector, including: the high-voltage detection circuit obtained in any one of the above-mentioned implementation modes.
In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a battery device, including:
a high voltage detection circuit obtained in any of the above implementations;
a battery;
one end of the main negative switch is connected with the negative electrode of the battery;
a battery management unit in communication with the processor.
The above-described aspects and any possible implementation further provide an implementation, further including:
a main charging circuit connected in parallel with the pre-charging circuit.
The above aspect and any possible implementation manner further provide an implementation manner, where the main charging circuit includes a main positive switch, and the battery management unit stores a preset capacitance value therein;
the battery management unit is used for acquiring the parasitic capacitance value and comparing the parasitic capacitance value with the preset capacitance value; and when the parasitic capacitance value is less than or equal to the preset capacitance value, disconnecting the pre-charging switch and closing the main positive switch; and when the parasitic capacitance value is larger than the preset capacitance value, disconnecting the pre-charging switch and maintaining the disconnection state of the main positive switch.
The above aspect and any possible implementation manner further provide an implementation manner, where the main charging circuit includes a main positive switch, and a preset capacitance value is stored in the processor;
the processor is further configured to compare the parasitic capacitance value with the preset capacitance value;
the battery management unit is used for disconnecting the pre-charging switch and closing the main positive switch when the parasitic capacitance value is smaller than or equal to the preset capacitance value; and when the parasitic capacitance value is larger than the preset capacitance value, disconnecting the pre-charging switch and maintaining the disconnection state of the main positive switch.
The above aspects, and any possible implementations, further provide an implementation,
the battery management unit is further configured to send a fault notification to an external device when the parasitic capacitance value is greater than the preset capacitance value.
The above aspects, and any possible implementations, further provide an implementation,
the processor is further configured to send a fault notification to an external device when the parasitic capacitance value is greater than the preset capacitance value.
There is further provided in accordance with the above-described aspect and any possible implementation, a manner of communication between the processor and the battery management unit includes a sample-controller area network S-CAN.
The above-described aspect and any possible implementation manner further provide an implementation manner, where a communication manner of the battery management unit and the external device includes a charge-controller area network CH-CAN.
In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle, including: the high-voltage detection circuit obtained in any one of the above-mentioned implementation modes.
In an eighth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a power supply apparatus, including: the high-voltage detection circuit obtained in any one of the above-mentioned implementation modes.
In a ninth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a high voltage detection method, which is applied to a battery device obtained in any one of the foregoing implementation manners, and includes:
turning on the pre-charging circuit;
collecting, by the processor, at least three real-time voltages of the outer contacts;
obtaining, by the processor, a parasitic capacitance value as a function of the at least three real-time voltages.
The above aspect and any possible implementation manner further provide an implementation manner, before obtaining, by the processor, a parasitic capacitance value according to the at least three real-time voltages, further including:
and acquiring the voltage value of the battery and the resistance value of the pre-charging resistor through the processor.
The above aspect and any possible implementation further provide an implementation in which obtaining, by the processor, a parasitic capacitance value according to the at least three real-time voltages includes:
obtaining a time constant through a first-order full response formula according to the at least three real-time voltages;
and obtaining the parasitic capacitance value through kirchhoff's law according to the time constant, the three real-time voltages, the voltage value of the battery and the resistance value of the pre-charging resistor.
The above aspect and any possible implementation manner further provide an implementation manner, where the main charging circuit includes a main positive switch, and after obtaining, by the processor, a parasitic capacitance value according to the at least three real-time voltages, the main charging circuit further includes:
comparing the parasitic capacitance value with a preset capacitance value;
when the parasitic capacitance value is smaller than or equal to the preset capacitance value, the pre-charging switch is switched off, and the main positive switch is switched on;
and when the parasitic capacitance value is larger than the preset capacitance value, disconnecting the pre-charging switch and maintaining the disconnection state of the main positive switch.
The above aspect and any possible implementation manner further provide an implementation manner, wherein the comparing the parasitic capacitance value with a preset capacitance value includes:
the processor sends the parasitic capacitance value to the battery management unit, and the preset capacitance value is stored in the battery management unit;
and comparing the parasitic capacitance value with the preset capacitance value through the battery management unit.
As described in the foregoing aspect and any one of the possible implementations further provides an implementation, where the predetermined capacitance value is stored in the processor, and the comparing the parasitic capacitance value with the predetermined capacitance value includes:
and comparing the parasitic capacitance value with the preset capacitance value through the processor.
The above aspect and any possible implementation manner further provide an implementation manner, after the comparing the magnitude of the parasitic capacitance value with a preset capacitance value, further including:
and when the parasitic capacitance value is larger than the preset capacitance value, sending a fault notification to the external equipment through the battery management unit.
The above aspect and any possible implementation manner further provide an implementation manner, after the comparing the magnitude of the parasitic capacitance value with a preset capacitance value, further including:
and when the parasitic capacitance value is larger than the preset capacitance value, sending a fault notification to the external equipment through the processor.
In a tenth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, including: computer-executable instructions which, when executed, perform the high voltage detection method of any of the above implementations.
The embodiment of the invention provides a high-voltage detection method and circuit, a current sampling unit, a high-voltage box, a circuit board, a detector, a battery device, a delivery vehicle, a power supply device and a computer readable storage medium.
[ description of the drawings ]
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high voltage detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a current sampling unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a high voltage box provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a circuit board according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a detector according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a power supply device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic flow chart of a high voltage testing method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic flow chart of another high voltage testing method provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic flow chart of another high voltage testing method provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic flow chart of another high voltage testing method provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic flow chart of another high voltage testing method provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic flow chart of another high voltage testing method provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic flow chart of another high voltage testing method provided by the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 16 is a schematic flow chart of another high voltage detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
For better understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention, the following detailed descriptions of the embodiments of the present invention are provided with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be understood that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The terminology used in the embodiments of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in the examples of the present invention and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at … …" or "when … …" or "in response to a determination" or "in response to a detection", depending on the context. Similarly, the phrases "if determined" or "if detected (a stated condition or event)" may be interpreted as "when determined" or "in response to a determination" or "when detected (a stated condition or event)" or "in response to a detection (a stated condition or event)", depending on the context.
It should be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein is merely one type of association that describes an associated object, meaning that three relationships may exist, e.g., a and/or B may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.
It should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention are used in the angle shown in the drawings, and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, in this context, it is also to be understood that when an element is referred to as being "on" or "under" another element, it can be directly formed on "or" under "the other element or be indirectly formed on" or "under" the other element through an intermediate element.
The problem that in the prior art, when a battery device is externally connected with equipment, an overlarge parasitic capacitor is generated, the parasitic capacitor cannot be filled in a specified time through a pre-charging circuit, and an overlarge pulse current is generated after a main charging circuit is conducted, so that a switch is damaged is solved. The embodiment of the invention provides the following solution ideas: the processor is used for collecting the real-time voltage value of the parasitic capacitor and calculating the parasitic capacitance value, so that the on-off of the main charging circuit is controlled according to the size of the parasitic capacitance value, the main charging circuit is fundamentally prevented from being conducted when the parasitic capacitor is too large, and the switch in the main charging circuit is prevented from being damaged.
Based on the solution idea, the embodiment of the present invention provides the following feasible implementation schemes:
as shown in fig. 1, for a high voltage detection circuit 100 provided in an embodiment of the present invention, the high voltage detection circuit 100 refers to a detection circuit disposed in a high voltage loop, and includes:
and the pre-charging circuit 110 is used for outputting the battery power to the outside through the outer contact.
The pre-charge circuit 110 includes a pre-charge switch 111 and a pre-charge resistor 112.
The outer contact refers to a contact at the end of the pre-charge circuit 110 far away from the positive electrode of the battery, and a contact at the end close to the positive electrode of the battery opposite to the outer contact is referred to as an inner contact.
And the processor 120 is configured to acquire a real-time voltage of the outer contact, and obtain a parasitic capacitance value according to the real-time voltage.
In one possible embodiment, the processor 120 is further configured to obtain a voltage Value (VPACK) of the battery and a resistance value of the pre-charge resistor 112.
Further, the processor 120 is specifically configured to obtain a time constant through a first-order full response formula according to at least three of the real-time voltages; and obtaining the parasitic capacitance value through kirchhoff's law according to the time constant, at least three real-time voltages, the voltage value of the battery and the resistance value of the pre-charging resistor.
In a specific application scenario, the processor 120 may be a micro-processing chip, a micro-control chip, or the like.
In one possible implementation, an Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) 121 is disposed in the processor 120. Considering that the real-time voltage collected by the processor 120 is an analog electrical signal, the ADC121 is configured in the processor 120, and the analog electrical signal is converted into a digital signal by the ADC 121.
Specifically, the connection relationship between the devices in the high voltage detection circuit 100 is explained: the inner contact of the pre-charging circuit 110 is connected with the positive electrode of the battery, and the outer contact is connected with the processor 120; the pre-charge switch 111 and the pre-charge resistor 112 are connected in series between the inner contact and the outer contact. The left-right relationship between the pre-charge switch 111 and the pre-charge resistor 112 in series is not limited, and the embodiment of the present invention is illustrated by taking the pre-charge switch 111 close to the inner contact as an example.
For the assembling position relationship between the pre-charging circuit 110 and the processor 120, there are three possible implementations: the first possible way is that the pre-charge circuit 110 and the processor 120 are both located inside a high-voltage box; the second possible way is that the pre-charge circuit 110 and the processor 120 are both located outside the high voltage box; a third possibility is that the pre-charge circuit 110 is located outside the high voltage box and the processor 120 is located inside the high voltage box.
Further, the situation of each device in the high voltage detection circuit 100 is illustrated based on the assembly position relationship between the pre-charge circuit 110 and the processor 120. For example, the pre-charge circuit 110 and the processor 120 are both located inside a high voltage box where the Current Sampling Unit is located, and at this time, the high voltage detection circuit and the Current Sampling Unit (CSU) may share one processor, and an ADC is already present in the processor of the Current Sampling Unit, and may also be used by the high voltage detection circuit. The implementation mode not only saves the cost of additionally configuring a processor for the circuit, but also improves the integration level of the CSU. Of course, the processor may also be configured alone to execute the functions of the embodiments of the present invention, and is not limited.
Based on the high voltage detection circuit implemented by the above example, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a current sampling unit 200, as shown in fig. 2, where the current detection unit 200 includes:
the pre-charging circuit 210 is used for outputting the electric energy of the battery through an outer contact, an inner contact of the pre-charging circuit is connected with the anode of the battery, the pre-charging circuit comprises a pre-charging switch 211 and a pre-charging resistor 212, and the pre-charging switch 211 and the pre-charging resistor 212 are connected in series between the inner contact and the outer contact.
The processor 220 is configured to obtain a voltage value of the battery and a resistance value of the pre-charging resistor 212, acquire a real-time voltage of the outer contact, and obtain a parasitic capacitance value according to the voltage value of the battery, the resistance value of the pre-charging resistor 212, and the real-time voltage, and the processor 220 is configured with an analog-to-digital converter 221, where the analog-to-digital converter 221 is connected with the outer contact.
In a specific implementation process, the pre-charge circuit shown in fig. 1 and 2 may be disposed in a high-voltage circuit to be detected, wherein the pre-charge circuit may be connected in parallel with the main charge circuit in the high-voltage circuit, and the voltage acquisition of the parasitic capacitor in the high-voltage circuit is implemented by opening the main charge circuit and closing the pre-charge circuit, and further calculating the parasitic capacitance value.
As shown in fig. 3, a high voltage box 300 is provided for an embodiment of the present invention, where the high voltage box 300 includes the high voltage detection circuit 100 as described above.
As shown in fig. 4, a circuit board 400 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: the high voltage detection circuit 100 obtained by any one of the above implementations.
As shown in fig. 5, a detector 500 is provided for an embodiment of the present invention, where the detector 500 includes: the high voltage detection circuit 100 obtained by any one of the above implementations.
As shown in fig. 6, a battery device 600 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
the high voltage detection circuit 100 obtained as described in any of the above implementations, 100 not shown in the figure;
a battery 610;
a main negative switch 620, one end of the main negative switch 620 being connected to the negative electrode of the battery 610;
in a specific application scenario, the main negative switch 620 may be a main negative relay, and is connected to a negative electrode of the battery 610;
a battery management unit 630, the battery management unit 630 in communication with the processor 120;
the Battery Management Unit (BMU) 630 communicates with the processor 120 and also communicates with an external device to transmit information.
Optionally, based on fig. 6, the battery device 600 further includes:
a main charging circuit 640, wherein the main charging circuit 640 is connected in parallel with the pre-charging circuit 110.
As shown in fig. 6, the main charging circuit 640 includes a main positive switch 641, and in order to control the on/off of the main charging circuit 640 and the pre-charging circuit 110, in a possible embodiment, a preset capacitance value is stored in the battery management unit 630, and the battery management unit 630 further has the following functions:
obtaining the parasitic capacitance value, and comparing the parasitic capacitance value with the preset capacitance value; and, when the parasitic capacitance value is less than or equal to the preset capacitance value, the precharge switch 111 is opened and the main positive switch 641 is closed; when the parasitic capacitance is greater than the predetermined capacitance, the precharge switch 111 is turned off, and the main positive switch 641 is maintained in the off state.
The preset capacitance value is an empirical value, and is a maximum safe parasitic capacitance value when the battery device 600 is connected to an external device.
In order to control the on/off of the main charging circuit 640 and the pre-charging circuit 110, in another possible embodiment, the processor 120 stores a preset capacitance value,
the processor 120 further has a function of comparing the parasitic capacitance value with the preset capacitance value;
the battery management unit 630 further has a function of opening the pre-charge switch 111 and closing the main positive switch 641 when the parasitic capacitance value is less than or equal to the preset capacitance value; when the parasitic capacitance is greater than the predetermined capacitance, the precharge switch 111 is turned off, and the main positive switch 641 is maintained in the off state.
Further, when the parasitic capacitance value is greater than the preset capacitance value, the battery management unit 630 is configured to send a fault notification to an external device. Alternatively, the processor 120 is configured to send a fault notification to an external device.
Optionally, the communication mode between the processor 120 and the battery management unit 630 includes a Sampling-Controller Area Network (S-CAN).
Optionally, a communication mode between the battery management unit 630 and the external device includes a Charge-Controller Area Network (CH-CAN).
As shown in fig. 7, a vehicle 700 according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided, the vehicle 700 including: the high voltage detection circuit 100 obtained by any one of the above implementations.
In a particular application scenario, the vehicle 700 may be an electric vehicle.
As shown in fig. 8, a power supply apparatus 800 according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided, where the power supply apparatus 800 includes: the high voltage detection circuit 100 obtained by any one of the above implementations.
In a specific application scenario, the power supply device 800 may be a charging pile.
The embodiment of the invention provides a high-voltage detection circuit, a current sampling unit, a high-voltage box, a circuit board, a detector, a battery device, a delivery vehicle and a power supply device, wherein the processor is used for acquiring the real-time voltage of the outer side contact of a pre-charging circuit to obtain the size of a parasitic capacitance value, and whether a main charging circuit can be conducted or not can be judged according to the size of the parasitic capacitance value, so that the main charging circuit is fundamentally prevented from being conducted when the parasitic capacitance is too large, the damage of a switch in the main charging circuit is avoided, and the safety of the battery is improved.
As shown in fig. 9, a high voltage detection method provided for an embodiment of the present invention is applied to the battery device 600 obtained in any of the above implementation manners, and includes:
s910, turning on the pre-charging circuit 110.
Specifically, the precharge circuit 110 is turned on by closing all switches in the precharge circuit (which may be the main negative switch 620 and the precharge switch 111 in one possible implementation of the present invention).
And S920, acquiring at least three real-time voltages of the outer contacts through the processor 120.
According to the battery device 600 shown in fig. 6, when the battery device 600 is connected to an external device, a parasitic capacitor is generated between the external contact and the main negative switch 620, the voltage of the terminal a of the parasitic capacitor is 0, and the voltage of the terminal B of the parasitic capacitor is equal to the voltage of the external contact. Therefore, the real-time voltage of the outer contact collected by the processor 120 is the voltage value of the parasitic capacitance.
S930, obtaining a parasitic capacitance value by the processor 120 according to the at least three real-time voltages.
Specifically, the processor 120 calculates the parasitic capacitance value from the at least three real-time voltages through a first-order full response formula and kirchhoff's law.
The embodiment of the invention provides a high-voltage detection method, which is characterized in that a processor is used for acquiring real-time voltage of a contact outside a pre-charging circuit so as to obtain the size of a parasitic capacitance value, whether a main charging circuit can be conducted or not can be judged according to the size of the parasitic capacitance value, a main charging branch circuit is fundamentally prevented from being conducted when the parasitic capacitance is too large, a switch in a main charging circuit is prevented from being damaged, and the safety of a battery is improved.
Further, in combination with the aforementioned method flow, the voltage value of the battery 610 and the resistance value of the pre-charge resistor 112 are also required for calculating the parasitic capacitance value, so another possible implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention further provides the following method flow, which is executed before step S930, as shown in fig. 10, and includes:
s940, the voltage value of the battery 610 and the resistance value of the pre-charge resistor 112 are obtained by the processor 120.
Further, in combination with the foregoing method flows, for a specific implementation process of the processor 120 calculating the parasitic capacitance value according to the at least three real-time voltages, VPACK and the resistance value of the pre-charge resistor 112, another possible implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention further provides the following method flows, as shown in fig. 11, step S930 includes:
and S931, obtaining a time constant through a first-order full response formula according to the at least three real-time voltages.
Specifically, if the real-time voltage of the outer contact is represented as uc (t), the at least three real-time voltages may be represented as uc (t)n)、uc(tn-1)、uc(tn+1) Where t represents time and n represents a sample point.
If the time constant of the outer contact is represented as τ, then step S931 can be based on uc (t)n)、uc(tn-1)、uc(tn+1) Three parameters and a sampling frequency fsampAnd solving a first-order full response formula to obtain tau.
And S932, obtaining the parasitic capacitance value through kirchhoff' S law according to the time constant, the at least three real-time voltages, the voltage value of the battery 610, and the resistance value of the pre-charging resistor 112.
Wherein the kirchhoff's laws include kirchhoff's voltage law and kirchhoff's current law.
Specifically, if VPACK is denoted as US, the resistance value of the pre-charge resistor 112 is denoted as R1The value of the parasitic capacitance is represented by C1Then for stepIn step S932, τ and uc (t) can be determinedn)、uc(tn-1)、uc(tn+1)、US、R1A plurality of parameters, combining kirchhoff's voltage law and kirchhoff's current law to obtain uc (t) with respect to C1Differential equation, and further C can be obtained by inverse solution1。
Since the shape of the relationship curve between uc (t) and t is a logarithmic curve with base number greater than 1, for the above method for solving the time constant τ, when the time intervals of three sampling points are close enough, the method can be approximately regarded as straight-line solving, so that the closer the time intervals of the three sampling points are (f is fsampLarger), the more accurate the calculated value of τ, and thus C1The more accurate. Based on this, it can be known that, for the device ADC, the higher the sampling accuracy, the larger the sampling frequency, and the higher the calculation accuracy of the parasitic capacitance value.
It should be noted that, as the time intervals of the sampling points are closer, the calculation accuracy is higher, so that the calculation method provided by the embodiment of the present invention optimally includes three adjacent sampling points. Embodiments of the present invention are equally applicable to the calculation of parasitic capacitance values using non-adjacent sampling points. And no matter the difference between the three sampling points is the same or different, the derivation can be performed according to the method principle provided by the embodiment of the invention, and details are not repeated here.
Based on the technical scheme, C can be calculated by sampling at least three real-time voltages1That is, only three sampling periods are required to instruct the main charging circuit to be turned on. For example, if the sampling frequency is 1000Hz, only 3ms is needed to obtain three real-time voltages, and further calculate C1The value of (c). Therefore, the technical scheme has the advantages of safety and high efficiency, and can well protect the safety of the switches (the main negative switch 620 and the main positive switch 641) in the main charging loop, thereby protecting the charging safety of the battery.
Further, in combination with the foregoing method flow, after the parasitic capacitance value is calculated, it may be determined whether to turn on the main charging circuit for subsequent operations of the battery device 600 according to the magnitude of the parasitic capacitance value, so that another possible implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention further provides the following method flow, after the step S930, and based on the battery device 600 shown in fig. 6, when the main charging circuit 640 includes the main positive switch 641, as shown in fig. 12, the method further includes:
s950, comparing the parasitic capacitance value with a preset capacitance value.
S960, when the parasitic capacitance value is less than or equal to the preset capacitance value, the precharge switch 111 is turned off, and the main positive switch 641 is turned on.
When the parasitic capacitance is smaller than or equal to the predetermined capacitance, the battery device 600 is considered to be in a normal state when being connected to an external device, and at this time, the pre-charge circuit 110 is disconnected by opening the pre-charge switch 111, and the main positive switch 641 is closed to connect the main charge circuit 640.
S970, when the parasitic capacitance value is greater than the preset capacitance value, the precharge switch 111 is turned off, and the off state of the main positive switch 641 is maintained.
When the parasitic capacitance value is greater than the preset capacitance value, the battery device 600 is considered to be in a fault state when being connected with an external device, at this time, the main charging circuit is not turned on, the pre-charging circuit 110 is turned off by turning off the pre-charging switch 111, and a fault notification is reported.
It should be noted that the preset capacitance value may be stored in the processor 120 or the BMU630, and thus steps S950, S960, and S970 may be controlled by the processor 120 or the BMU 630. Typically, BMU630 monitors and controls the entire battery device 600, and has a processor or the like integrated therein.
Further, in combination with the foregoing method flow, since the preset capacitance value may be stored in the processor 120 or in the BMU630, another possible implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention provides the following two implementation methods for a specific implementation process of comparing the parasitic capacitance value and the preset capacitance value.
In a first implementation method, if the BMU630 stores the preset capacitance value, as shown in fig. 13, step S950 is specifically executed as:
s951, the processor 120 sends the parasitic capacitance value to the battery management unit 630.
The communication mode between the processor 120 and the battery management unit 630 may be a sample-controller area network S-CAN.
S952, comparing the parasitic capacitance value with the preset capacitance value by the battery management unit 630.
In a second implementation method, if the processor 120 stores the preset capacitance value, as shown in fig. 14, step S950 is specifically executed as:
s953, comparing the parasitic capacitance value with the predetermined capacitance value by the processor 120.
Further, in combination with the foregoing method flow, after the parasitic capacitance value is compared with the preset capacitance value in steps S951, S952 or S953, the BMU630 or the processor 120 may further notify the external device whether the parasitic capacitance value is too large (fault occurs) so as to enable the external device to perform corresponding processing.
The first method, as shown in fig. 15, includes:
and S980, when the parasitic capacitance value is larger than the preset capacitance value, sending a fault notification to the external equipment through the battery management unit 630.
The communication mode between the battery management unit 630 and the external device may be a charging-controller area network CH-CAN.
The second method, as shown in fig. 16, includes:
s990, when the parasitic capacitance value is greater than the preset capacitance value, sending a fault notification to the external device through the processor 120.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, including: computer-executable instructions which, when executed, perform a high voltage detection method as any one of the embodiments above.
According to the high-voltage detection method and circuit, the current sampling unit, the high-voltage box, the circuit board, the detector, the battery device, the delivery vehicle, the power supply device and the computer readable storage medium, the processor is used for collecting the real-time voltage of the outer side contact of the pre-charging circuit to obtain the size of the parasitic capacitance value, whether the main charging circuit can be conducted or not can be judged according to the size of the parasitic capacitance value, the fact that the main charging branch circuit is conducted when the parasitic capacitance is too large is fundamentally avoided, switch damage in the main charging circuit is avoided, and the safety of the battery is improved. In addition, the method for obtaining the parasitic capacitance value provided by the embodiment of the invention can judge whether the main charging circuit can be conducted only within a few milliseconds, and is more efficient compared with the prior art that the main charging circuit is conducted after 200ms of pre-charging.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A battery device, comprising: a battery;
the pre-charging circuit is used for outputting the electric energy of the battery to external equipment through an outer side contact, an inner side contact of the pre-charging circuit is connected with the anode of the battery, the pre-charging circuit comprises a pre-charging switch and a pre-charging resistor, and the pre-charging switch and the pre-charging resistor are connected in series between the inner side contact and the outer side contact;
a main positive switch connected in series between the battery and the pre-charge circuit;
the processor is used for acquiring the real-time voltage of the outer contact and obtaining a parasitic capacitance value according to the real-time voltage;
the battery management unit is used for disconnecting the pre-charging switch and closing the main positive switch when the parasitic capacitance value is smaller than or equal to a preset capacitance value;
the processor is specifically configured to:
obtaining a time constant through a first-order full response formula according to at least three real-time voltages;
and obtaining the parasitic capacitance value through kirchhoff's law according to the time constant, at least three real-time voltages, the voltage value of the battery and the resistance value of the pre-charging resistor.
2. The battery device of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to:
and when the parasitic capacitance value is larger than the preset capacitance value, disconnecting the pre-charging switch and maintaining the disconnection state of the main positive switch.
3. The battery device of claim 1, wherein an analog-to-digital converter is configured in the processor.
4. The battery device according to claim 1, wherein the battery management unit is further configured to send a fault notification to an external device when the parasitic capacitance value is greater than the preset capacitance value.
5. The battery device according to claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to send a fault notification to an external device when the parasitic capacitance value is greater than the preset capacitance value.
6. The battery device of claim 1, wherein the processor communicates with the battery management unit in a manner that includes a sample-controller area network (S-CAN).
7. The battery apparatus of claim 1, wherein the means for communicating the battery management unit with the external device comprises a charge-controller area network (CH-CAN).
8. The battery device according to claim 1,
a preset capacitance value is stored in the battery management unit;
the battery management unit is used for acquiring the parasitic capacitance value.
9. A vehicle, comprising:
the battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
CN202010565793.7A 2017-10-23 2017-10-23 High-voltage detection circuit, current sampling unit, detector, battery device, carrier and power supply device Active CN111873820B (en)

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