CN103410243A - Wide channel double-layer ventilating outer wall utilizing photovoltaic power generation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a wide channel double-layer ventilating outer wall utilizing photovoltaic power generation, and belongs to the technical field of solar power generation building integration. The wide channel double-layer ventilating outer wall utilizing the photovoltaic power generation comprises a solid wall (6) and a solar cell panel (1) which is fixedly connected to the outer side of the solid wall (6) through a chemical anchor bolt (3). The wide channel double-layer ventilating outer wall utilizing the photovoltaic power generation is characterized in that a cavity (5) is reserved between the solid wall (6) and the solar cell panel (1). The width of the cavity (5) is controlled between 150mm and 200mm, an air outlet is formed in the upper portion of the cavity (5) and is provided with an air outlet valve (7), and an air inlet is formed in the lower portion of the cavity (5) and is provided with an air inlet valve (8). According to the BIPV method that the solar cell panel is combined with the solid outer wall, the cavity is reserved between the solar cell panel and the solid outer wall, the heat produced when the solar cell panel generates the electricity is brought away through the chimney effect, and the thermal radiation effect on building outer walls is reduced.

Description

A wide-channel double-layer ventilated façade utilizing photovoltaics

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of building-integrated solar power generation (BIPV for short), and particularly relates to a double-layer ventilated exterior wall that can reduce the temperature of the backplane of a solar photovoltaic module. the

Background technique

Solar energy resources are abundant, and the use of solar energy is an effective way to alleviate energy shortages. Among them, building integrated solar power generation (BIPV for short) is the current mainstream trend of solar energy use. The solar panel and the building are effectively integrated, no additional space is required, and the energy generated is used locally, reducing energy consumption for transmission. There are many ways to combine BIPV, such as photovoltaic roof, photovoltaic exterior wall, photovoltaic curtain wall, photovoltaic sunshade components, etc. the

However, the thermal effect generated during the power generation process of solar panels not only reduces its own power generation efficiency, but also exposes the building itself to strong thermal radiation, forcing the use of air conditioners to cool down, increasing the building's operating energy consumption. the

There have been related studies on methods to reduce the thermal effect of BIPV solar energy, most of which are to add cooling components to the structure of the solar panel itself, or to recover heat from the solar power generation system to control the temperature of the solar panel. These studies did not address the characteristics of the combination of solar cells and buildings, and did not make full use of buildings as carriers to assist in cooling. the

Some curtain wall manufacturers have made special ventilation and cooling designs for photoelectric curtain walls, and have applied for corresponding patents. The principles of these patents are roughly the same, changing the airtight photoelectric curtain wall into an open curtain wall. The photoelectric curtain wall is usually designed as a double-layer structure, the outer layer is a photovoltaic curtain wall composed of solar panels, the inner layer (near the building interior) is light-transmitting glass or other materials, and a cavity is reserved in the middle of the double layer. Add vents up and down, use the "chimney effect" or forced ventilation, take away excess heat from the outer photoelectric curtain wall, and reduce the thermal radiation impact of the photoelectric curtain wall on the inner glass. If forced ventilation is used, part of the power generated by the photovoltaic curtain wall can be used to provide power for the ventilation fans. The above-mentioned patents make full use of the characteristics of BIPV to improve the combination of solar panels and building components and structures, which are worth learning. The disadvantage is that in order to produce the "chimney effect", the width and height of the photoelectric curtain wall cavity must have strict requirements, so that the heat can be discharged smoothly. And forced ventilation mode, the control of wind speed also has requirement, and these patents all do not relate to. These patents only realize the function of ventilation, but cannot guarantee the effect of ventilation. the

Many BIPV projects prefer to use the combination of solar panels and solid exterior walls, and install solar panels on the south facade of the building or the wall between the windows of the east and west facades. This BIPV method avoids the contradiction between the photoelectric curtain wall and indoor lighting, and is easier to be accepted by architects or owners. The temperature of solar panels rises to 70°C~100°C under strong sunlight in summer, and it also has a significant geothermal radiation effect on the solid exterior wall inside. In order to solve the thermal radiation effect of battery panel power generation on the solid exterior wall, the present invention provides a wide-channel double-layer ventilated exterior wall structure using photovoltaic power generation. the

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the problem of the decrease of self-power generation efficiency caused by the rise of temperature and the influence on the heat radiation in the building during the process of solar power generation, the present invention designs a double-layer ventilated outer wall that uses natural ventilation to cool the solar panels, and the building faces the sun. Solar photovoltaic panels are installed on the walls between the windows (mostly on the east, south and west facades) to form a double-layer structure. the

The present invention adopts following technical scheme:

A wide-channel double-layer ventilated exterior wall using photovoltaic power generation, which includes a solid wall 6 and a solar panel 1 connected and fixed on the outside of the solid wall 6 through chemical anchors 3, and the solid wall 6 is in the middle of the solar panel 1 A cavity 5 is reserved. The width of the cavity 5 is controlled within 150-200mm, an air outlet is arranged above the cavity 5, an air outlet valve 7 is installed at the air outlet, an air inlet is arranged below the cavity 5, and an air inlet valve 8 is installed at the air inlet. the

A temperature sensor 4 is installed in the cavity 5 , and the input end of the temperature sensor 4 is connected to the controller 9 to send the monitored temperature to the controller 9 . The control terminal of the controller 9 is connected with the air outlet valve 7 and the air inlet valve 8 to control the opening and closing of the air outlet valve 7 and the air inlet valve 8 . the

The solar panel 1 is a square array composed of multiple panels, and the vertical height of the square array is controlled at 8-10 meters; a gap of 1-2 meters is left between the two square arrays to reduce the heat flow between the square arrays wind phenomenon. the

The output end of the solar panel 1 is connected to the controller 9 to supply power to the controller 9 . the

The solar battery panel 1 is a solar battery panel composed of polycrystalline silicon, single crystal silicon, thin film amorphous silicon or multiple compound battery chips connected in series. the

The chemical anchor bolt 3 is set in the concrete load-bearing member and avoids the location of the steel bar. The effective anchoring depth of the chemical anchor bolt is not less than 8d, where d is the diameter of the chemical anchor bolt. the

If the measured temperature exceeds 30°C in the non-heating season, the controller opens the air inlet and outlet, and a chimney effect is formed in the cavity. Under the driving force of thermal pressure, cold air enters the cavity from the air inlet, and the heat radiation of the solar panel As the temperature rises, hot air is discharged from the air outlet. In the heating season, the air inlet and outlet air valves are all closed, and a greenhouse is formed in the cavity to enhance the thermal insulation performance of the building itself. the

The present invention aims at the BIPV method in which the solar cell panel is combined with the solid exterior wall, reserves a cavity between the solar cell panel and the solid exterior wall, and takes away the heat produced during the power generation process of the solar cell panel through the "chimney effect", reducing the impact on the building. Thermal radiation effect of external walls. Beneficial effects of the present invention (1) reduce the working temperature of solar panels and improve power generation efficiency; (2) adopt natural ventilation to cool solar panels, no electric ventilation equipment is needed, and there is no energy consumption in the cooling process; (3) adopt The solar panel is cooled by natural ventilation, no electric ventilation equipment is required, the system structure is simplified, the construction and installation are convenient, and no follow-up maintenance and repair work is required; (4) The radiated heat gain of the building's outer wall is reduced, and the operation of the building's air conditioner is reduced Energy consumption; (5) Reduce the surface temperature of the outer wall of the building, avoid the negative impact on the indoor thermal comfort effect, improve the indoor quality of life and improve work efficiency. the

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is a front view of a wide-channel double-layer ventilated exterior wall. the

Figure 2 is a partially enlarged view of the wide-channel double-layer ventilated exterior wall. the

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a wide-channel double-layer ventilated exterior wall. the

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of a wide-channel double-layer ventilated exterior wall (with rivets)

Fig. 5 is a side view of a double-layer ventilated outer wall with a wide channel. the

Figure 6 Schematic diagram of wide-channel double-layer ventilated exterior wall ventilation

In the figure: 1. Solar panel, 2. Angle steel, 3. Chemical anchor, 4. Temperature sensor, 5. Cavity, 6. Solid wall, 7. Air outlet valve, 8. Air inlet valve, 9. Controller , 6-1, exterior wall concrete structure, 6-2, A-class fire insulation materials. the

Detailed ways:

As shown in Figure 1, the solar panels 1 are spliced into a square array and installed on the sunny facade of the building, usually the south facade, west facade or east facade. The vertical height of the phalanx is controlled at 8-10 meters, so as to ensure that the "chimney effect" can achieve sufficient thermal pressure, and the horizontal scale is determined according to the building. There is a gap of 1-2 meters between the two square arrays to reduce the phenomenon of heat cross-wind between the square arrays. the

The solid wall 6 is composed of an exterior wall concrete structure 6-1 pasted with a class A fireproof and thermal insulation material 6-2. As shown in Fig. 2, the solid wall 6 is composed of a concrete structure 6-1 pasted with a class A fireproof and thermal insulation material 6-2. the

As shown in FIG. 3 , the solar panel 1 is fixed in the concrete structure 6 - 1 through the angle steel 2 . . the

As shown in Figure 4, the solar cell panel 1 and the concrete structure 6-1 are connected and fixed by the chemical anchor bolt 3, which is set in the concrete load-bearing member and avoids the position of the steel bar. The effective anchoring depth of the chemical anchor bolt is not less than 8d (eight times diameter). the

As shown in Fig. 4, there is a cavity 5 between the outer wall 6 and the solar panel 1, and the size of the cavity 5 is controlled at 150-200 mm to ensure sufficient air flow. An air inlet and a damper 8 are designed below the cavity 5, and an air outlet and a damper 7 are designed above the cavity. A temperature sensor 4 is installed in the cavity, and is connected to the controller 9 through a weak current RVVP line. Wherein the controller 9 is a schematic position. the

As shown in FIG. 5 , the controller 9 controls the opening or closing of the air inlet damper 8 and the air outlet damper 7 according to the temperature monitored by the temperature sensor 4 . the

When the building does not need heating, according to the temperature value monitored by the sensor 4, if the temperature exceeds 30°C, the air inlet valve 8 and the air outlet valve 7 are opened, and the cold air enters the cavity 5 under the drive of heat pressure. Good natural ventilation is formed in the cavity 5, and after taking away the heat, it flows out from the air outlet. Due to the control of the width and height of the cavity 5, the direction and flow of natural ventilation can be guaranteed. If the room needs heating, the controller 9 closes the air inlet air valve 8 and the air outlet air valve 7, and a greenhouse is formed in the cavity 5. the

In hot summer and warm winter regions where heating is not required all year round, the material of the exterior wall 6-2 is facing brick, paint or other decorative materials. According to the temperature value monitored by the sensor 4, if the temperature exceeds 30°C, the controller 9 opens the air inlet valve 8 and the air outlet valve 7, and the cold air enters the cavity 5 under the drive of heat pressure, forming a good temperature in the cavity 5. In the state of natural ventilation, after taking away the heat, leave it from the air outlet. Due to the control of the width and height of the cavity 5, the direction and flow of natural ventilation can be guaranteed. the

Claims (6)

1. wide-pass double-layer ventilation exterior wall that utilizes photovoltaic generation, the solar panel (1) that it comprises solid wall (6) and is fastened on solid wall (6) outside by chemical anchor bolts (3) is characterized in that: described solid wall (6) and the middle cavity (5) of having reserved of solar panel (1).The width of cavity (5) is controlled in 150 ~ 200mm, and cavity (5) top is provided with air outlet, and outlet valve (7) is installed at the air outlet place, and cavity (5) below is provided with air intake, and the air intake place is installed into air-valve (8).

2. the wide-pass double-layer ventilation exterior wall that utilizes photovoltaic generation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: (5) have installed temperature pick up (4) in cavity, and temperature pick up input (4) is connected to controller (9) temperature of monitoring is sent to controller (9).The control end of controller (9) is connected the opening and closing of controlling outlet valve (7) and air inlet valve (8) with air inlet valve (8) with outlet valve (7).

3. the wide-pass double-layer ventilation exterior wall that utilizes photovoltaic generation according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the square formation that solar panel (1) is comprised of the splicing of polylith cell panel, and the square formation vertical height is controlled at 8 ~ 10 meters; Between square formation, leave the gap of 1 ~ 2 meter, reduce the heat string wind phenomenon between square formation.

4. the wide-pass double-layer ventilation exterior wall that utilizes photovoltaic generation according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the output of solar panel (1) connects controller (9) and is controller (9) power supply.

5. the wide-pass double-layer ventilation exterior wall that utilizes photovoltaic generation according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the solar panel of solar panel (1) for adopting polysilicon, monocrystalline silicon, thin film amorphous silicon or multi-element compounds type battery chip to be composed in series.

6. the wide-pass double-layer ventilation exterior wall that utilizes photovoltaic generation according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: chemical anchor bolts (3) are arranged in the concrete bearing member and avoid reinforcement location, the effective anchorage depth of chemical anchor bolts is not less than 8d, and d is the chemical anchor bolts diameter.

Images