CN103396497A - Gleditsia sinensis polysaccharide gum and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Gleditsia sinensis polysaccharide gum and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a Gleditsia sinensis polysaccharide gum and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the Gleditsia sinensis polysaccharide gum comprises the following steps: preprocessing the Gleditsia sinensis seed with sulfuric acid, then shelling, drying, chipping, selecting, screening, hydrating, and grinding. The method prepares the polysaccharide gum by steps of preprocessing the Gleditsia sinensis with sulfuric acid, and separating by washing with water, chipping, and so on, the ratio of galactose to mannose in product is changed while the content of water insoluble matter in product is lowered, so that the polysaccharide gum has better gel property after being blended with xanthan gum.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Fructus Gleditsia extract, be specifically related to a kind of Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum and application thereof.
Background technology
Galactomannan gum, because of its unique rheological, is applied to the industries such as petroleum drilling and mining, food medicine, textile printing and dyeing, mining and mill run, war industry's explosive, daily use chemicals pottery, building coating, papermaking and be widely used as thickening material, stablizer, flocculation agent, dispersion agent etc.
Galactomannan gum is divided into leguminous herbaceous plant's glue and pulse family xylophyta glue according to varieties of resources, and earlier 1900s, the U.S. started to develop woody algaroba glue, has been applied to many fields to nineteen forties.During World War II; the algaroba resource greatly reduces; the U.S. finds and has developed draft guar-bean replacement algaroba; guar-bean originates in India and Pakistan; the U.S. is successful introduction also; there be guar-bean plantation and the processing base of mass-producing in these three countries at present, and the guar gum annual production reaches 500,000 tons.
China's draft class vegetable jelly has trigonella bean gum and sesbania gum, sesbania is as the green manure resource of improvement soil, once in the 1980s, developed rapidly, at present, the atrophy increasingly of China's sesbania resource, and the trigonella resource is low because of the water insoluble matter content of its glue, and Gel Properties is superior has obtained certain development.
In recent years, global climate goes from bad to worse, countries in the world require to concede the land to forestry one after another, improve forest coverage, the value and strengthen ecological construction, well developed root system, cold-resistant drought-enduring, economize on water and be rich in the environmental seeds of galactomannan gum such as the comprehensive exploitation research of Chinese honey locust, wild Chinese honey locust, Chinese scholar tree and Ta La etc. has also caused attention.
The seed of Chinese honey locust and wild Chinese honey locust is made the method for polysaccharide gum, because the common feature of xylophyta glue is seed profile rule, seed is large, kind of skin depth and hard, and outer covering of the seed has wax layer, namely uses warm water that seed is soaked 20h, and Interior Seed does not absorb moisture yet, therefore, adopt the mechanical phonograph recorder separation glue more.
As:
The CN03132340.5(publication number is 1488648A) reported that the employing microwave drying method carries out thermal pretreatment to Gleditsia sinensis Seeds, then through hacking, the technique of chip select and the series of processes separation and Extraction Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum such as selected, this explained hereafter efficiency is high, low equipment investment, but the product water insolubles content is higher.
CN200410022764.7(publication number CN1583046) disclose a kind of soap doubling capsule, it is made by the Chinese honey locust raw material, gets Chinese honey locust, removes impurity, is baked to the burnt odor flavor, and high temperature puffing, beat powder and sieve, and is encapsulated.
Jiang builds (parch method separation and Extraction polygalactomannan type seed glue such as new grade, the Chinese Wild plant resources, in October, 2003,22(5): the method that 34-36) discloses a kind of parch method extracting polysaccharide gum from Chinese honey locust, wild Chinese honey locust, optimal production condition is: at 80 ℃ of lower preheating 60min, then in 160 ℃ of dry-roast machines parch 4min enter hack, chip select and screening; Chinese honey locust film yield 30.5%, Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum extract content is 83%, Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum viscosity 270mPa.s.
(the Chen Yanqing etc. such as Chen Yanqing, the preparation of selenylation honeylocust kernel polysaccharide gum and Study of Antioxidation, Food Additives Used in China, the 4th phase in 2012: the extracting method that 118-121) discloses a kind of honeylocust kernel polysaccharide gum, the method is with the Chinese honey locust benevolence of 5g drying, distilled water immersion spends the night, add 500ml distilled water, ultrasonic wave 9min, 90 ℃ are extracted 6h, centrifugation, 95% ethanol that adds volume ratio 1:4 after the clear liquid concentrating under reduced pressure, white flocks appears, centrifugation, precipitation ethanol washing with acetone, lyophilize obtains the honeylocust kernel polysaccharide gum of white solid powder.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum.
A kind of Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum provided by the invention, this Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum is to be prepared by following methods: Gleditsia sinensis Seeds is through sulfur acid pretreatment, then shelling, dry, hack, chip select, screening, obtain.
Concrete, described Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum is prepared by following methods:
1) acid treatment: Gleditsia sinensis Seeds is immersed in Gleditsia sinensis Seeds bulking value 1.6-2 sulphuric acid soln doubly, carries out acid treatment 1-3h in 50-70 ℃ of water-bath;
2) shelling, drying: with cold water flush and wash to remove the kind shell of outer carbonization by rubbing with the hands, the seed drying of shelling then;
3) hack, chip select, screening, obtain the polysaccharide film;
4) hydration polysaccharide film: with the hot water hydration of polysaccharide film, abrasive dust, make the Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum.
In above-mentioned Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum:
In described step 1):
Described Gleditsia sinensis Seeds moisture content≤10%, trash content≤2%;
The consumption of sulfuric acid is 1.6-2 times of Gleditsia sinensis Seeds bulking value, that is, when Gleditsia sinensis Seeds weight is 500g, the consumption of sulfuric acid is 800-1000mL; The consumption of sulfuric acid is preferably 1.8-2 doubly;
The concentration of described sulfuric acid is 55%, and described concentration is volume ratio;
Described step 2) in:
The temperature of described cold water is 20 ℃, and the consumption of cold water is 3 times of Gleditsia sinensis Seeds bulking value;
Dry: temperature is 90 ℃, and the time is 30min;
In described step 3):
Described hacking: adopt beater grinder, between blade and fixed tooth plate, apart from being 5-8mm, optimal spacing is 7-8mm;
The process of described chip select and screening is: screening for the first time mesh size is the 12-14 order, and chip select workshop section pulverizer rotating speed is 3200rpm; The programmed screening mesh size is the 20-24 order; Screen for the first time mesh size and be preferably the 13-14 order, the programmed screening mesh size is preferably the 22-24 order; A small amount of kind skin and embryo have been removed in screening for the first time, during programmed screening, embryo and a small amount of oddments have been removed, and the pulverizer rotating speed is limited, because the purpose of pulverizing is to allow kind of a skin, embryo and endosperm separate more fully, rather than smash fully, certain rotating speed can guarantee certain surging force;
Described step 4) hydration polysaccharide film: the temperature of hot water is 90 ℃, and the weight ratio of water and film is 0.4:1, and described hydration refers to allow after polysaccharide gum suction fully swollen and be rich in certain elasticity.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of above-mentioned Chinese honey locust polysaccharide, and the method comprises the following steps:
1) acid treatment: Gleditsia sinensis Seeds is immersed in Gleditsia sinensis Seeds bulking value 1.6-2 sulphuric acid soln doubly, carries out acid treatment 1-3h in 50～70 ℃ of water-baths;
2) washing: with cold water flush and wash to remove the kind shell of outer carbonization by rubbing with the hands, the seed drying of shelling then;
3) hack, chip select, screening, obtain the polysaccharide film;
4) hydration polysaccharide film: with the hot water hydration of polysaccharide film, abrasive dust, make the Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum.
The present invention also provides soft gel, and described soft gel forms after by Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum and xanthan gum blend, and wherein the weight ratio of Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum and xanthan gum is 7:3.
In described soft gel: semi-lactosi and seminose ratio are about 1:3.
The technological merit that sulfur acid pretreatment provided by the invention prepares the Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum is:
What (1) the sulfuric acid process pre-treatment was adopted is the sulfuric acid of intermediate concentration, and sulfuric acid is easy to recycle;
(2) Gleditsia sinensis Seeds kind skin depth and hard, the contriver selects the sulfuric acid of proper concn to soak Gleditsia sinensis Seeds, process rear section kind skin cracking, again through washing, plant skin because of the instant of complete cracking that is heated, and separate with seed, remaining endosperm and embryo be through fluidised bed drying, then through hacking, chip select, screening, hydration, powder process obtain Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum product;
By controlling concentration, temperature and the acid treatment time of sulfuric acid, can avoid the effect to kind of a benevolence (embryo and endosperm), the vitriol oil more than 90% also can be used in the pre-treatment that agricultural seed germinates, but acid concentration is too high, kind of benevolence is had larger destruction.(3) the present invention prepares polysaccharide gum through separation such as washing, hack again by the sulfur acid pretreatment Chinese honey locust, in water insoluble matter content, has changed semi-lactosi and seminose ratio in product in reducing product, make it with the xanthan gum blend after have better gel property.
(4) along with the locust bean resource reduces increasingly, rising steadily of Viscogum BE price, be the ideal substitute of Viscogum BE with the Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum that sulfur acid pretreatment prepares, and is also one of important channel of the profound conversion of Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: process flow sheet.
Embodiment
Following examples are used for explanation the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
Concrete grammar provided by the invention, see the process flow sheet shown in accompanying drawing 1.
Described cold water is 20 ℃.
Embodiment 1: the preparation method of Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum
1, sulphuring treatment: it is in 55% sulphuric acid soln that the Gleditsia sinensis Seeds of 500g (water content 9.2%, trash content 1.5%) is immersed in the 900mL volumetric concentration, carries out acid treatment 2h in 60 ℃ of water-baths;
2, shelling, drying: with the Gleditsia sinensis Seeds after the acid treatment of 1500mL cold water flush, and wash to remove the kind shell of outer carbonization by rubbing with the hands, the seed of shelling is dry 30min in the fluidised bed drying case of 90 ℃;
3, hack: adopt beater grinder, between blade and fixed tooth plate, distance is 7mm;
4, chip select and screening: screening for the first time mesh size is 13 orders, and chip select workshop section pulverizer rotating speed is 3200rpm, and the programmed screening mesh size is 22 orders, obtains the polysaccharide film;
5, hydration polysaccharide film: the polysaccharide film carries out hydration with 90 ℃ of hot water, and water and film weight ratio are 0.4:1, and the hydration film makes the Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum through abrasive dust.
Embodiment 2: the preparation method of Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum
1, sulphuring treatment: it is in 55% sulphuric acid soln that the Gleditsia sinensis Seeds of 500g (water content 8.9%, trash content 1.6%) is immersed in the 1000mL volumetric concentration, carries out acid treatment 3h in 70 ℃ of water-baths;
2, shelling, drying: then use the Gleditsia sinensis Seeds after the acid treatment of 1500mL cold water flush, and wash to remove the kind shell of outer carbonization by rubbing with the hands, the seed of shelling is dry 30min in the fluidised bed drying case of 90 ℃;
3, hack: adopt beater grinder, between blade and fixed tooth plate, distance is 8mm;
4, chip select and screening: screening for the first time mesh size is 14 orders.Chip select workshop section pulverizer rotating speed is 3200rpm.The programmed screening mesh size is 24 orders, obtains the polysaccharide film;
5, hydration polysaccharide film: the polysaccharide film carries out hydration with 90 ℃ of hot water, and water and film weight ratio are 0.4:1, and the hydration film makes the Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum through abrasive dust.
Embodiment 3: the preparation method of Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum
1, sulphuring treatment: it is in 55% sulphuric acid soln that the Gleditsia sinensis Seeds of 500g (water content 9.5%, trash content 1.1%) is immersed in the 800mL volumetric concentration, carries out acid treatment 1h in 50 ℃ of water-baths;
2, shelling, drying: then use the Gleditsia sinensis Seeds after the acid treatment of 1500mL cold water flush, and wash to remove the kind shell of outer carbonization by rubbing with the hands, the seed of shelling is dry 30min in the fluidised bed drying case of 90 ℃;
3, hack: adopt beater grinder, between blade and fixed tooth plate, distance is 5mm;
4, chip select and screening: screening for the first time mesh size is 12 orders.Chip select workshop section pulverizer rotating speed is 3200rpm.The programmed screening mesh size is 20 orders, obtains the polysaccharide film;
5, hydration polysaccharide film: the polysaccharide film carries out hydration with 90 ℃ of hot water, and water and film weight ratio are 0.4:1, and the hydration film makes the Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum through abrasive dust.
Embodiment 4: the preparation method of Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum
1, sulphuring treatment: it is in 55% sulphuric acid soln that the Gleditsia sinensis Seeds of 500g (water content 8.3%, trash content 1.6%) is immersed in the 1000mL volumetric concentration, carries out acid treatment 1h in 70 ℃ of water-baths;
2, shelling, drying: with the Gleditsia sinensis Seeds after the acid treatment of 1500mL cold water flush, and wash to remove the kind shell of outer carbonization by rubbing with the hands, the seed of shelling is dry 30min in the fluidised bed drying case of 90 ℃;
3, hack: adopt beater grinder, between blade and fixed tooth plate, distance is 7mm;
4, chip select and screening: screening for the first time mesh size is 13 orders.Chip select workshop section pulverizer rotating speed is 3200rpm.The programmed screening mesh size is 22 orders, obtains the polysaccharide film;
5, hydration polysaccharide film: the polysaccharide film carries out hydration with 90 ℃ of hot water, and water and film weight ratio are 0.4:1, and the hydration film makes the Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum through abrasive dust.
Experimental example 1: yield and quality control index
1, the Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum that embodiment 1-4 is provided carries out yield and quality examination, and wherein: the polysaccharide gum yield refers to obtain polysaccharide gum over dry quality and raw material seed over dry mass ratio value;
The indexs such as water insoluble matter content, 1% gelatin viscosity, reference standard SY/T5766-1995 measuring method carries out;
Seminose/semi-lactosi (M/G) ratio adopts liquid phase chromatography, according to U.S.'s NREL/TP-510-42618 standard, measures.
Wherein Comparative Examples is the Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum that the parch method obtains.
2, detected result: in Table 1
Table 1: Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum yield and the quality index of different embodiment conditions
Table 1 result shows: seminose/semi-lactosi (M/G) ratio of the Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum that embodiment 1-4 provides is 3.7-4.7, because seminose/semi-lactosi (M/G) ratio of commercially available Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum is that the production method that 3.0, embodiment adopts has changed seminose and semi-lactosi proportion of composing in product.Although the present embodiment polysaccharide gum yield decreases than parch method, product 1% gelatin viscosity has all improved, and in product, the foreign matter content such as water-insoluble obviously reduces.
Result shows: the product of the inventive method preparation in water insoluble matter content, has changed semi-lactosi and seminose ratio in product in reducing product, make it with the xanthan gum blend after have better gel property.
Experimental example 2: the mensuration of gel-strength
1, strength detection method: with commercially available parch method Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum and embodiment 1 Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum product respectively with xanthan gum with 7:3(w/w) ratio mix after, be distributed to deionized water under constant speed stirs in, making polymkeric substance total concn in dispersion liquid is 1.0%(w/v).Under magnetic agitation after water contract 30min, after binary mixture is heated to 80 ℃ and constant temperature 15min, be poured onto rapidly in the container of 45mm diameter, 35mm height.At room temperature standing 24h forms gelling material.Using Brookfield matter structure instrument to carry out gel-strength to prepared gel sample measures.
2, detected result: in Table 1
The gel-strength of commercially available parch method Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum and embodiment 1 Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum is respectively 17.5g and 23.2g, and the product of the inventive method preparation can be used as the substitute application gelatinous material field of locust bean gum in actual production.
Although, above used general explanation, embodiment and test, the present invention is described in detail, on basis of the present invention, can make some modifications or improvements it, and this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore, these modifications or improvements, all belong to the scope of protection of present invention without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum, this Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum is to be prepared by following methods: Gleditsia sinensis Seeds is through sulfur acid pretreatment, then shelling, dry, hack, chip select, screening, hydration, abrasive dust, obtain.
2. Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum is prepared by following methods:
1) acid treatment: Gleditsia sinensis Seeds is immersed in Gleditsia sinensis Seeds bulking value 1.6-2 sulphuric acid soln doubly, carries out acid treatment 1-3h in 50-70 ℃ of water-bath;
2) shelling, drying: with cold water flush and wash to remove the kind shell of outer carbonization by rubbing with the hands, the seed drying of shelling then;
3) hack, chip select, screening, obtain the polysaccharide film;
4) hydration polysaccharide film: with the hot water hydration of polysaccharide film, abrasive dust, make the Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum.
3. Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, in described step 1): Gleditsia sinensis Seeds moisture content≤10%, trash content≤2%.
4. Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, in described step 1): the consumption of sulfuric acid is 1.8-2 times; The concentration of described sulfuric acid is 55%.
5. Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described step 2) in: the temperature of described cold water is 20 ℃, and the consumption of cold water is 3 times of Gleditsia sinensis Seeds bulking value; Dry temperature is 90 ℃, and the time is 30min.
6. Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, in described step 3): hack and adopt beater grinder to carry out, between blade and fixed tooth plate, apart from being 5-8mm, optimal spacing is 7-8mm.
7. Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described rapid 3), the process of chip select and screening is: screening for the first time mesh size is the 12-14 order, and chip select workshop section pulverizer rotating speed is 3200rpm; The programmed screening mesh size is the 20-24 order; Preferably, screening for the first time mesh size is the 13-14 order, and the programmed screening mesh size is the 22-24 order.
8. according to claim 1-7 described Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gums of any one, is characterized in that, in the hydration polysaccharide film of described step 4), the temperature of hot water is 90 ℃; The weight ratio of water and film is 0.4:1.
9. one kind prepares the described Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum of claim 1-7 any one, it is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
1) acid treatment: Gleditsia sinensis Seeds is immersed in Gleditsia sinensis Seeds bulking value 1.6-2 sulphuric acid soln doubly, carries out acid treatment 1-3h in 50～70 ℃ of water-baths;
2) washing: with cold water flush and wash to remove the kind shell of outer carbonization by rubbing with the hands, the seed drying of shelling then;
3) hack, chip select, screening, obtain the polysaccharide film;
4) hydration polysaccharide film: with the hot water hydration of polysaccharide film, abrasive dust, make the Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum.
10. contain the soft gel that right requires the described Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum of 1-8 any one, it is characterized in that, described soft gel forms after by Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum and xanthan gum blend, and the weight ratio of Chinese honey locust polysaccharide gum and xanthan gum is 7:3.
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