CN114195909A - Preparation method of Gleditsia sinensis natto functional polysaccharide - Google Patents
Preparation method of Gleditsia sinensis natto functional polysaccharide Download PDFInfo
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- CN114195909A CN114195909A CN202210002961.0A CN202210002961A CN114195909A CN 114195909 A CN114195909 A CN 114195909A CN 202210002961 A CN202210002961 A CN 202210002961A CN 114195909 A CN114195909 A CN 114195909A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B37/00—Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/006—Heteroglycans, i.e. polysaccharides having more than one sugar residue in the main chain in either alternating or less regular sequence; Gellans; Succinoglycans; Arabinogalactans; Tragacanth or gum tragacanth or traganth from Astragalus; Gum Karaya from Sterculia urens; Gum Ghatti from Anogeissus latifolia; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/0087—Glucomannans or galactomannans; Tara or tara gum, i.e. D-mannose and D-galactose units, e.g. from Cesalpinia spinosa; Tamarind gum, i.e. D-galactose, D-glucose and D-xylose units, e.g. from Tamarindus indica; Gum Arabic, i.e. L-arabinose, L-rhamnose, D-galactose and D-glucuronic acid units, e.g. from Acacia Senegal or Acacia Seyal; Derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B37/00—Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/0003—General processes for their isolation or fractionation, e.g. purification or extraction from biomass
Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a gleditsia sinensis natto functional polysaccharide, which comprises the following steps: the method is a green production method for preparing the gleditsia sinensis natto functional polysaccharide by simulating moderate seed germination, and the variable-temperature germination process is adopted to fully exert the advantages of an enzyme production process and an enzyme catalysis degradation process to obtain the functional polysaccharide with controllable molecular weight. The mechanical peeling accelerates the water absorption rate of the seeds, shortens the germination time of the seeds and improves the enzyme production rate. Through variable-temperature germination, the enzyme activity and the enzyme catalysis degradation efficiency in the germination process are improved. No chemical reagent or enzyme preparation is additionally added in the preparation process, and the preparation process is green, environment-friendly and efficient. After the seeds germinate properly, the honey locust natto functional polysaccharide is obtained through physical processes of hot air treatment, crushing, screening, grinding, selection and the like, so that the water consumption and the solvent consumption can be greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of preparation and utilization of macromolecular functional polysaccharide, in particular to a preparation method of gleditsia sinensis lam functional polysaccharide.
Background
Gleditsia sinensis, also known as Gleditsia sinensis, Taitre and Uroile, is a arbor, and has a long planting history in China, and Gleditsia sinensis in the Impatientis of the Mingmen palace is still luxuriant and luxuriant in autumn and winter after the trees are aged for more than 110 years. The soapberry has a shape of a soapberry belt, the soapberry belt is 5-35 cm long, curved or straight, and dark brown or purplish red; the fruits can not fall off in winter. Most of the seeds of gleditsia sinensis are long round, flat, about 1 cm long and light brown.
The gleditsia sinensis seeds contain rich galactomannan, a galactomannan main chain is composed of D-mannopyranose connected by beta- (1 → 4) -glycosidic bonds, D-galactose is connected to a mannose molecule of the main chain through the alpha- (1 → 6) -glycosidic bonds in a side mode, the ratio of the galactose to the mannose in the gleditsia sinensis seeds is 1:2.5, the melting point is 27-278 ℃, and the molecular weight of the gleditsia sinensis galactomannan determined by a multi-angle laser light scattering method is about 88 ten thousand.
Galactomannan, a neutral polysaccharide gum, is a widely used vegetable polysaccharide gum in industry, which is mainly present in the endosperm of the seed of gleditsia sinensis. Aqueous galactomannan solutions are pseudoplastic fluids with macromolecules in a naturally entangled network, and are therefore used in many industries as thickeners, stabilizers, emulsifiers, binders, conditioners, and the like. Applications in the food industry such as ice cream, cheese, barbeque sauce, fruit juice drinks, bread, noodles and sauces etc., as conditioners in the production of shampoos, hand lotions and soaps, as thickeners and gelling agents in the paper, textile and explosive industries. Fracturing fluid oil recovery and oil and gas well drilling are among the most used industries of galactomannan. Galactomannans have been widely used as industrial additives, but the use of gleditschia horrida galactomannans as functional polysaccharides is under development to improve the added value of gleditschia horrida products.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the preparation method of the gleditsia sinensis natto functional polysaccharide, which is green, environment-friendly and efficient, can obtain the functional polysaccharide with controllable molecular weight, and widens the application range of the gleditsia sinensis natto polysaccharide.
The invention provides a preparation method of a gleditsia sinensis natto functional polysaccharide, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of carrying out moderate germination on gleditsia sinensis seeds by adopting a variable-temperature germination method, carrying out surface rapid dehydration on the germinated seeds by using hot air, and then carrying out crushing, screening, grinding and fine selection to obtain the gleditsia sinensis natto functional polysaccharide.
In the technical scheme, the Chinese honey locust seeds germinate at a relatively low temperature of 24-26 ℃, and continue to germinate at a relatively high temperature of 37-39 ℃, so that the germination at the relatively low temperature is favorable for the seeds to quickly accumulate a large amount of glycanase, and the germination at the relatively high temperature is favorable for the glycanase to modify the Chinese honey locust polysaccharide, and any additional chemical reagent and enzyme preparation are not required to be added in the preparation process, so that the defects of the prior art are overcome.
Further, the preparation of the functional polysaccharide of the honey locust natto comprises the following steps: mechanically breaking peel of Gleditsia sinensis seed, wherein each seed has 2-3 cracks. And (3) before the seed of the gleditsia sinensis is germinated, stirring and soaking at a low speed of 30 ℃ for 12 h. Deionized water is added into a culture dish for spreading the gleditschia horrida seeds, the water level height reaches half of the seed height, and the culture dish is moved into a light culture box.
Further, the relative humidity is adjusted to 70%, the germination is carried out for 8-10 days at 24-26 ℃, the relative humidity is adjusted to 90%, and the germination is continued for 4-6 days at 37-39 ℃.
Further, after the seeds are moderately germinated at the variable temperature, the surface of the seeds is quickly dehydrated by hot air at 180 ℃, and the functional polysaccharide of the honey locust and the natto is obtained by crushing, screening, grinding and selecting.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the preparation method of the gleditsia sinensis natto functional polysaccharide comprises the following steps:
(1) mechanically breaking the seed coat, wherein each seed coat has 2-3 cracks. Weighing 300 g of gleditsia sinensis seeds, adding 500g of deionized water, stirring and soaking at 30 ℃ at a low speed for 12 h, filtering, and spreading the seeds on a culture dish.
(2) Adding deionized water into a culture dish in which the gleditschia horrida seeds are spread, wherein the water level height reaches half of the seed height, moving the culture dish into an illumination culture box, adjusting the relative humidity to 70%, and germinating for 8-10 days at 24-26 ℃. And (3) adjusting the relative humidity of the germination illumination culture box to 90%, and continuously germinating for 4-6 days at 37-39 ℃.
(3) After the seeds with proper germination are filtered, hot air at 180 ℃ is used for surface quick dehydration, the moisture content of seed skin is below 5%, and the moisture content of the whole seeds is below 15%. Crushing and screening the seeds which are quickly dehydrated, wherein the oversize product is the honeylocust endosperm, the honeylocust endosperm is finely ground and selected by a flour mill with a grading wheel, and 100-mesh and 300-mesh flour is taken as the functional polysaccharide of the honeylocust natto.
The invention provides a preparation method of a podded natto functional polysaccharide, wherein gleditsia sinensis seeds contain rich galactomannan, and the functional polysaccharide is prepared by simulating seed germination, so that the additional value of the gleditsia sinensis polysaccharide is improved. No chemical reagent or enzyme preparation is additionally added in the preparation process, and the preparation process is green, environment-friendly and efficient. The mechanical peeling accelerates the water absorption rate of the seeds, shortens the germination time of the seeds and improves the enzyme production rate. Through variable-temperature germination, the advantages of an enzyme production process (relatively low temperature) and an enzyme catalysis degradation process (relatively high temperature) are fully exerted, and the enzyme activity and the enzyme catalysis degradation efficiency in the germination process are improved. After germination, the functional polysaccharide of the honey locust natto is obtained through physical processes of hot air treatment, crushing, screening, grinding, selection and the like, and the water consumption and the solvent consumption are reduced. The purity of the polysaccharide can be improved by grinding and selecting, and the short-chain fatty acid yield of the SD rat intestinal flora in vitro glycolysis can be greatly improved by the gleditsia sinensis natto functional polysaccharide. .
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing functional polysaccharide from honey locust natto in the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention are described clearly and completely below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for preparing a functional polysaccharide from honey locust natto, which has a flow schematic diagram as shown in fig. 1, and comprises the following specific steps:
mechanically breaking the peel of each seed, wherein each seed peel has 2-3 cracks, weighing 300 g of the gleditsia sinensis seeds, adding 500g of deionized water, stirring and soaking at a low speed of 30 ℃ for 12 h, filtering, and spreading the seeds on a culture dish. Adding deionized water into a culture dish paved with the gleditsia sinensis seeds, wherein the water level height reaches half of the seed height, moving the culture dish into an illumination culture box, adjusting the relative humidity to 70%, and germinating for 9 days at 25 ℃. The relative humidity of the illumination incubator is adjusted to 90%, and germination is continued for 5 days at 38 ℃. After the water of the germinated seeds is filtered, hot air with the temperature of 180 ℃ is used for surface dehydration, the moisture content of seed skin is 5 percent, and the moisture content of the whole seeds is 15 percent. Crushing and screening the seeds which are quickly dehydrated, wherein the oversize product is the honeylocust endosperm, and the honeylocust endosperm is finely ground and selected by a flour mill with a grading wheel to obtain 152 g of the honeylocust natto functional polysaccharide with the 100-mesh and 300-mesh, the molecular weight is 8.5 ten thousand, and the yield of the short-chain fatty acid fermented in vitro by the SD rat intestinal flora is 32.5 mmol/g.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a method for preparing a gleditsia sinensis natto functional polysaccharide, which comprises the following specific steps:
mechanically breaking the peel of each seed, wherein each seed peel has 2-3 cracks, weighing 300 g of the gleditsia sinensis seeds, adding 500g of deionized water, stirring and soaking at a low speed of 30 ℃ for 12 h, filtering, and spreading the seeds on a culture dish. Adding deionized water into a culture dish in which the gleditschia horrida seeds are spread, wherein the water level height reaches half of the seed height, moving the culture dish into an illumination culture box, adjusting the relative humidity to 70%, and germinating for 8 days at 25 ℃. The relative humidity of the illumination incubator is adjusted to 90%, and germination is continued for 4 days at 38 ℃. After the water of the germinated seeds is filtered, hot air with the temperature of 180 ℃ is used for surface dehydration, the moisture content of seed skin is 5 percent, and the moisture content of the whole seeds is 15 percent. Crushing and screening the seeds which are quickly dehydrated, wherein the oversize product is the honeylocust endosperm, and the honeylocust endosperm is ground and carefully selected by a flour mill with a grading wheel to obtain 159 g of the honeylocust natto functional polysaccharide with 100 meshes and 300 meshes, the molecular weight is 12.3 ten thousand, and the yield of the short-chain fatty acid fermented in vitro by the SD rat intestinal flora is 27.3 mmol/g.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a method for preparing a gleditsia sinensis natto functional polysaccharide, which comprises the following specific steps:
mechanically breaking the peel of each seed, wherein each seed peel has 2-3 cracks, weighing 300 g of the gleditsia sinensis seeds, adding 500g of deionized water, stirring and soaking at a low speed of 30 ℃ for 12 h, filtering, and spreading the seeds on a culture dish. Adding deionized water into a culture dish in which the gleditschia horrida seeds are spread, wherein the water level height reaches half of the seed height, moving the culture dish into an illumination culture box, adjusting the relative humidity to 70%, and germinating for 10 days at 25 ℃. The relative humidity of the illumination incubator is adjusted to 90%, and germination is continued for 6 days at 38 ℃. After the water of the germinated seeds is filtered, hot air with the temperature of 180 ℃ is used for surface dehydration, the moisture content of seed skin is 5 percent, and the moisture content of the whole seeds is 15 percent. Crushing and screening the seeds which are quickly dehydrated, wherein the oversize product is the honeylocust endosperm, and the honeylocust endosperm is finely ground and selected by a flour mill with a grading wheel to obtain 144 g of honeylocust natto functional polysaccharide with 100 meshes and the molecular weight of 2.1 ten thousand, and the yield of short-chain fatty acid fermented in vitro by SD rat intestinal flora is 20.8 mmol/g.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides a preparation method of a gleditsia sinensis functional polysaccharide, which comprises the following specific steps:
mechanically breaking the peel of each seed, wherein each seed peel has 2-3 cracks, weighing 300 g of the seed of the gleditsia sinensis, adding 500g of deionized water, stirring and soaking at a low speed of 30 ℃ for 12 h, filtering, and performing surface dehydration by using hot air at a temperature of 180 ℃ after water filtration of the seeds, wherein the water content of the seed peel is 5% and the water content of the whole seeds is 15%. Crushing and screening the seeds which are quickly dehydrated, wherein the oversize is the gleditsia sinensis endosperm, and the gleditsia sinensis endosperm is ground and carefully selected by a flour mill with a grading wheel to obtain 160 g of 100-mesh gleditsia sinensis polysaccharide with molecular weight of 83.0 ten thousand and the yield of short-chain fatty acid fermented in vitro by the SD rat intestinal flora of 5.5 mmol/g.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example provides a preparation method of a gleditsia sinensis natto functional polysaccharide, which comprises the following specific steps:
mechanically breaking the peel of each seed, wherein each seed peel has 2-3 cracks, weighing 300 g of the gleditsia sinensis seeds, adding 500g of deionized water, stirring and soaking at a low speed of 30 ℃ for 12 h, filtering, and spreading the seeds on a culture dish. Adding deionized water into a culture dish in which the gleditschia horrida seeds are spread, wherein the water level height reaches half of the seed height, moving the culture dish into an illumination culture box, adjusting the relative humidity to 70%, and germinating for 14 days at 25 ℃. After the water of the germinated seeds is filtered, hot air with the temperature of 180 ℃ is used for surface dehydration, the moisture content of seed skin is 5 percent, and the moisture content of the whole seeds is 15 percent. Crushing and screening the seeds which are quickly dehydrated, wherein the oversize product is the honeylocust endosperm, and the honeylocust endosperm is finely ground and selected by a flour mill with a grading wheel to obtain 158 g of honeylocust natto functional polysaccharide with 100 meshes and the molecular weight of 41.2 ten thousand, and the yield of short-chain fatty acid fermented in vitro by the SD rat intestinal flora is 15.1 mmol/g.
The results show that the method adopts the variable-temperature germination process to moderately germinate the gleditsia sinensis seeds, obtains the gleditsia sinensis natto functional polysaccharide through physical processes of hot air treatment, crushing, screening, grinding, selection and the like after germination, has the molecular weight controllable between 8 and 15 ten thousand, obviously enhances the proliferation promotion effect on beneficial flora, does not need to additionally add any chemical reagent and enzyme preparation in the preparation process, and has green, environment-friendly and efficient preparation process.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A preparation method of a gleditsia sinensis and natto functional polysaccharide is characterized in that a temperature-variable germination method is adopted to moderately germinate gleditsia sinensis seeds to obtain the functional polysaccharide with controllable molecular weight.
2. The method for preparing the functional polysaccharide of natto from honey locust according to claim 1, wherein the temperature-variable moderate germination method comprises the following steps: 8-10 days when the seeds germinate at 24-26 ℃ and 4-6 days when the seeds germinate at 37-39 ℃.
3. The method for preparing functional polysaccharide of Gleditsia sinensis Natto in claim 2, wherein Gleditsia sinensis seed is mechanically broken and there are 2-3 cracks in seed coat.
4. The method for preparing the functional polysaccharide of honey locust natto according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the honey locust seeds are stirred and soaked at low speed of 30 ℃ for 12 hours before germination.
5. The method for preparing functional polysaccharide from Gleditsia sinensis and semen Sojae Preparatum according to claim 2 or 3, wherein deionized water is added into culture dish for spreading Gleditsia sinensis seeds, water level is half of seed height, the culture dish is moved into light incubator, relative humidity is adjusted to 70% for germination, and relative humidity is adjusted to 90% for germination.
6. The method for preparing the functional polysaccharide of honey locust and natto according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the functional polysaccharide of honey locust and natto is obtained by performing surface quick dehydration by hot air of 180 ℃ after the seeds are subjected to moderate temperature change and germination, crushing, screening, grinding and selecting.
7. The method for preparing the functional polysaccharide of natto according to claim 1, comprising the following steps:
1) mechanically breaking the peel, wherein each seed has 2-3 cracks, weighing 300 g of gleditsia sinensis seeds, adding 500g of deionized water, stirring at a low speed of 30 ℃, soaking for 12 h, filtering, and spreading the seeds on a culture dish;
2) adding deionized water into a culture dish for paving the gleditsia sinensis seeds, wherein the water level height reaches half of the seed height, moving the culture dish into an illumination culture box, adjusting the relative humidity to 70%, germinating for 8-10 days at 24-26 ℃, adjusting the relative humidity of the germination illumination culture box to 90%, and continuously germinating for 4-6 days at 37-39 ℃;
3) after properly germinating seeds are filtered, hot air at 180 ℃ is used for carrying out surface rapid dehydration, the moisture content of seed skins is below 5%, the moisture content of whole seeds is below 15%, the rapidly dehydrated seeds are crushed and screened, oversize products are honeylocust endosperm, the honeylocust endosperm is ground and selected by a grinding machine with a grading wheel, and 100-mesh 300-mesh powder is taken as the honeylocust natto functional polysaccharide.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115400160A (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-11-29 | 贵州民族大学 | Application of saponin endosperm extract in preparing medicine for treating ulcerative colitis |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115400160A (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-11-29 | 贵州民族大学 | Application of saponin endosperm extract in preparing medicine for treating ulcerative colitis |
| CN115400160B (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2023-06-20 | 贵州民族大学 | Application of gleditsia sinensis endosperm extract in preparation of medicine for treating ulcerative colitis |
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