Background technology:
Acid rain refers to that pH value is less than the sleet of 5.6 or the Atmospheric precipitation of other various forms.Acid rain, because working the mischief to aspects such as ecotope, forest, farm crop and HUMAN HEALTH, is described as " aerial Death ".It is reported, because the acidity in lake reduces, in the lake of the states such as Canada, have the phenomenon (Hessen, 1998) of fish kills; Because of the harm of acid deposition, there is the report (Yang Benhong, 2000) of large stretch of softwood forest death in Southwestern China area; According to estimates, Jiangsu, Zhejiang etc. are economized because acid rain causes about 1,000 ten thousand hectares, the farmland of the underproduction, annual financial loss Renminbi to reach in 3,700,000,000 yuan (golden Yongping, etc., 1997).At present, China has become the third-largest Acid Rain Zone after Europe, North America (new people, etc., 2010), very urgent to the Controlling research of acid rain.In this year, the environmental protection Room, Guangdong is announced, and Shaoguan, Qingyuan City, Foshan, Shenzhen have become the heavy Acid Rain Zone in Guangdong Province, and this produces serious harm to the agroecological environment of locality and plant growth.
Summary of the invention:
First object of the present invention is to provide the application of Leaf of Indigowoad decoction liquor in the chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals of preparation farm crop.
The present invention found through experiments, compared with the control, Plantula Brassicae chinensis Vitamin C content through the process of Leaf of Indigowoad decoction liquor significantly increases by 40.7%, output significantly increases by 23.4%, blade disease and pest significantly reduces 37.5%, finds that blade comparison illumination is aobvious fresh and tender, grows prolongation 10 days (if extend 10 days results, yield increased increase is more), and safe to eat; Compared with the control, the Semen arachidis hypogaeae of the peanut of Leaf of Indigowoad decoction liquor process significantly increases weight 26.3%, vitamins C increases by 27.7%, nitrite (carcinogens) content obviously reduce 31.8% and blade disease and pest obviously reduce 51.7%, find that blade comparison illumination is aobvious fresh and tender, growth prolongation (is gathered in the crops if extend 15 days for 15 days, yield increased increase is more), also safe to eat.As can be seen here, Leaf of Indigowoad decoction liquor can promote the crop growth such as Plantula Brassicae chinensis and peanut and volume increase, improves Vitamin C content and improves, can also prevent and treat the disease and pest of Plantula Brassicae chinensis and peanut, obviously reduce the nitrite content of the Semen arachidis hypogaeae of peanut.
Therefore, second object of the present invention is to provide Leaf of Indigowoad decoction liquor and is promoting the growth of farm crop and volume increase, the Vitamin C content of raising farm crop, the application reduced in the nitrite content of farm crop or the disease and pest of control Plantula Brassicae chinensis and peanut.
Described farm crop are preferably Plantula Brassicae chinensis (Brassica chinensis Linn) or peanut (Arachis hypogaea).
Described Leaf of Indigowoad decoction liquor is preferably every 60g dry smalt phyllogen vegetable material, adding distil water 1000mL, and warm fire boils 30min, then adds water and be transferred to 1200mL, obtains Leaf of Indigowoad decoction liquor.
Leaf of Indigowoad decoction liquor of the present invention can promote the crop growth such as Plantula Brassicae chinensis and peanut and volume increase, improves Vitamin C content and improves, can also prevent and treat the disease and pest of Plantula Brassicae chinensis and peanut, obviously reduce the nitrite content of the Semen arachidis hypogaeae of peanut.Due to the leaf that Leaf of Indigowoad is Root of Indigowoad, its planting process is environmental protection, also by vast Chinese farmers is accepted; In addition, in actual agriculture production, Leaf of Indigowoad decoction liquor can be put in clear water cylinder with suiting measures to local conditions, and utilizes solar heat to carry out dip and produces, thus greatly cost-saving.Leaf of Indigowoad decoction liquor of the present invention can partly replace chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals, can avoid at present because of ecological hazard that chemical fertilizer and Pesticide use excessively bring, this method Sustainable development, set up the bridge that connects Traditional Chinese Science and postmodern science, its meaning is far-reaching, great, to the environmental protection type agricultural revolution that take material of vegetable origin as impellent be welcome, promote the development of low-carbon agriculture.
Embodiment 1:
1, materials and methods
1.1 material
Smalt phyllogen vegetable material (Isatis indigotica Fort) for examination: the place of production is Guangxi, and healthy and free from worry Pharmaceuticals Ltd provides by Guangzhou;
The preparation of Leaf of Indigowoad decoction liquor: weigh in the balance and get 60g smalt phyllogen vegetable material (dry medicinal material), adding distil water 1000mL, in ceramic medicine pot, warm fire boils 30min, then adding distil water is transferred to 1200mL, obtains Leaf of Indigowoad decoction liquor, and pH value is 8.5;
Soil: for outskirts of a town street, Guangzhou Conghua City faces south the yellow soil in village, the physico-chemical property of soil is: full nitrogen 2.7g/kg, available nitrogen 55.1mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus 29.3mg/kg, available potassium 58.2mg/kg, organic 2.8g/kg.Before test, first that the soil of each process is thoroughly even.
Supply examination Plantula Brassicae chinensis (Brassica chinensis Linn) to be New Zealand Chinese cabbage, provided by Agricultural University Of South China;
Supply examination peanut (Arachis hypogaea) to be large grain peanut, provided by Agricultural University Of South China.
1.2 test method
The test of Plantula Brassicae chinensis: the village that faces south in outskirts of a town street, Guangzhou Conghua City in December, 2012 carries out field experiment, if the process of Leaf of Indigowoad decoction liquor and control treatment, each process is done three times and is repeated.Select the seed preparation sowing of not damaged, full grains.5m is taken up an area in each process
2, and 100, uniform broadcasting seed.Every two days, evenly spray Leaf of Indigowoad decoction liquor 600mL once in the process of Leaf of Indigowoad decoction liquor to plant, comparatively evenly spray distilled water 600mL once to plant.Carry out suitable thinning after one week, about each process ground retains 50 strains, other management are with conventional.Gather in the crops after 45 days, evenly choose the edible part (digging up the roots) of ripe sample, deliver to Guangzhou academy of agricultural sciences Vegetable Research Institute, detect the content of the intrinsic vitamins C of sample and nitrite according to national standard; Further, the output of Plantula Brassicae chinensis and sickness rate and plant height is added up.
The test of peanut: the village that faces south in outskirts of a town street, Guangzhou Conghua City in March, 2013 carries out field experiment, if the process of Leaf of Indigowoad decoction liquor and control treatment, each process is done three times and is repeated.The seed of selection not damaged, full grains carries out sterilization 3 days of basking seeds, and prepares sowing.5m is taken up an area in each process
2, and 80, uniform broadcasting seed.Every two days, evenly spray Leaf of Indigowoad decoction liquor 600mL once in the process of Leaf of Indigowoad decoction liquor to plant, comparatively evenly spray distilled water 600mL once to plant.Carry out suitable thinning after one week, about each process ground retains 40 strains, other management are with conventional.Within 135 days, gather in the crops ripe peanut afterwards, evenly choose ripe Semen arachidis hypogaeae sample, deliver to Guangzhou academy of agricultural sciences Vegetable Research Institute, detect the content of the intrinsic vitamins C of sample and nitrite according to national standard; Further, the output of Semen arachidis hypogaeae and sickness rate and plant height is added up.
2 results and analysis
Statistics and detected result are in table 1, compared with the control, Plantula Brassicae chinensis Vitamin C content through the process of Leaf of Indigowoad decoction liquor significantly increases by 40.7%, output significantly increases by 23.4%, blade disease and pest significantly reduces 37.5%, finds that blade comparison illumination is aobvious fresh and tender, grows prolongation 10 days (if extend 10 days results, yield increased increase is more), and safe to eat; In table 2, compared with the control, the Semen arachidis hypogaeae of the peanut of Leaf of Indigowoad decoction liquor process significantly increases weight 26.3%, vitamins C increases by 27.7%, nitrite (carcinogens) content obviously reduce 31.8% and blade disease and pest obviously reduce 51.7%, find that blade comparison illumination is aobvious fresh and tender, growth prolongation (is gathered in the crops if extend 15 days for 15 days, yield increased increase is more), also safe to eat.
Table 1 Leaf of Indigowoad decoction liquor is on the impact of yield of pakchoi, sickness rate and other content
Note: data refer to mean value; In same row, different lowercase alphabet shows significant difference, P<0.05 (lower same).
Table 2: Leaf of Indigowoad decoction liquor is on the impact of peanut yield, sickness rate and other content
As can be seen here, Leaf of Indigowoad decoction liquor can promote the crop growth such as Plantula Brassicae chinensis and peanut and volume increase, improves Vitamin C content and improves, can also prevent and treat the disease and pest of Plantula Brassicae chinensis and peanut, obviously reduce the nitrite content of the Semen arachidis hypogaeae of peanut.
The present invention means that the Leaf of Indigowoad (existing market valency is 1 yuan/50 grams) of low cost and low price can partly replace chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals, can avoid at present because of ecological hazard that chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals bring; In addition, Leaf of Indigowoad decoction liquor contains a large amount of gas chromatographies, because the organism increasing soil can improve soil, strengthen the mobility of soil microorganisms, organism also can produce adsorption to some pollutents such as remains of pesticide and heavy metal in soil, thus alleviate the toxic action of these venomous injurant confrontation soil and farm crop, be achieve many things at one stroke.