CN103392585B - New method for culturing kelp seedlings in scale without substratum - Google Patents
New method for culturing kelp seedlings in scale without substratum Download PDFInfo
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- CN103392585B CN103392585B CN201310296259.0A CN201310296259A CN103392585B CN 103392585 B CN103392585 B CN 103392585B CN 201310296259 A CN201310296259 A CN 201310296259A CN 103392585 B CN103392585 B CN 103392585B
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- bulk kelp
- kelp
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
Abstract
A new method for culturing kelp seedlings in scale without substratum includes steps of (1) obtaining kelp embryoid sporophore by means of gametophyte clone cross breeding, (2) moving mixed liquid containing the kelp embryoid sporophore into sterile PES culture media to prepare embryoid sporophore culture solution and breeding the kelp embryoid sporophore into kelp young sporophore of 200+/-20 micrometers, and (3) expanding a kelp young sporophore culture system gradually by a three-step culture method, increasing culture temperature, breeding the young sporophore into seedlings of 1-2cm gradually in culture containers by a ventilation suspension method. By the ventilation suspension method, the survival rate can be increased greatly and loss caused by rotten seedlings can be reduced. Due to the ventilation suspension method for culture of kelp, operation in kelp culture is simple, laborsaving and timesaving, limitation in mature main weed is avoided, the kelp seedlings can be cultured anytime according to actual requirements, and the survival rate and the culture density of unit water body are higher than those of conventional methods.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to algae raising technology field, relate to particularly a kind of without adherance large-scale cultivation bulk kelp seedling new method.
Background technology
Bulk kelp [Macrocystis pyrifera (L.) Ag.] is under the jurisdiction of Phaeophyta (Phaeophyta), Laminariales (Laminariales), bulk kelp section (Lessoniaceae) in classification, Macrocystis (Macrocystis), being individual maximum in the world a kind of marine alga, is also the fastest Plants of growth rate in the world.Bulk kelp occupies very important status in natural ecosystems, is the multiple halobiontic habitats such as Bao, fish and other precious marine products, to maintaining the offshore ecological balance and preventing that large area animal diseases from playing a positive role; Meanwhile, bulk kelp has important using value, for the production of multiple chemical industry, medical product, is the important source material of producing algin and producing methane.
China is former to distribute without bulk kelp, the research of bulk kelp introduction and artificial fecundation, object is that Shi Qi China north Coast breeds, become the new marine alga Industrial Resources of China, after submarine forest to be formed, can be fish good habitat is provided, and the construction of the aquaculture of the China coast stock of fish and oceanic pasture is played an important role.The end of the seventies in last century, the U.S. once adopted umbrella stand type method under water to carry out bulk kelp culture experiment in the waters of growing without bulk kelp, failed to promote (Ryther1979/1980) because cost is too high.Neushul adopts sandbag method to carry out seabed sowing bulk kelp in the eighties subsequently, due to problems such as harmful animals, is still at present experimental stage.In recent years, along with fast development and the over-exploitation of the mankind to bulk kelp of abalone culture industry, existing bulk kelp resource can not meet the demand of abalone culture industry far away.Therefore, carry out bulk kelp seed rearing new method imperative.
The traditional seedling raising manners of bulk kelp is to adopt the method for trip Spore adhesion matrix to cultivate seedling, yet this seedling raising manners is subject to the maturation restriction that plants vegetables, and seedling raise period has limitation; Seed rearing needs, between specific seedling medium and seedling culturing vehicle, to need a large amount of human and material resources.In addition, due to the secondary attaching process of bulk kelp after existing rhizoid to come off, the de-phenomenon that seedling is serious, survival rate is on the low side of traditional seedling-cultivating method ubiquity seedling.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide that a kind of the present invention can make full use of seedling culture space without adherance large-scale cultivation bulk kelp seedling new method, adopts ventilation suspension method to cultivate bulk kelp seedling and greatly improves survival rate, reduces the loss that de-seedling causes.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Without an adherance large-scale cultivation bulk kelp seedling new method, it comprises the steps:
(1) bulk kelp sporoblast body obtains: adopt the method for gametophyte clone crossbreeding (Novel method for breeding kelp seedlings with gametophyte cloning method 201110373578.8) to obtain bulk kelp sporoblast body;
(2) bulk kelp sporoblast body is grown: the mixed liquor that fills bulk kelp sporoblast body is moved in the PES medium of sterilizing, become sporoblast body culture fluid, bulk kelp sporoblast body grows that to grow up to be the bulk kelp juvenile sporophyte of 200 ± 20 μ m gradually;
(3) ventilation of bulk kelp juvenile sporophyte suspends and cultivates: by three step cultivations, expand gradually bulk kelp juvenile sporophyte cultivating system, improve cultivation temperature, adopt ventilation suspension method to cultivate and make bulk kelp juvenile sporophyte grow up to gradually 1-2cm seedling in culture vessel.
Further, the condition of culture that the described bulk kelp sporoblast body of step (2) is grown is intensity of illumination 10-20 μ mol photons m
-2s
-1, 10 ± 1 ℃ of temperature, light dark period 12:12h, cultivates 28-32 days with this understanding;
Further, in the incubation that the described bulk kelp sporoblast body of step (2) is grown, adopt siphon to change water law, every bottle is upgraded weekly half PES medium, manually shakes culture vessel 2~5 times every day simultaneously, and bulk kelp sporoblast body is suspended in PES medium.
Three described steps are cultivated:
The first step is cultivated: when bulk kelp sporoblast body length is developed to 200 ± 20 μ m juvenile sporophyte, add the sterilizing PES medium of 16-20 times of volume of sporoblast body culture fluid, at 20-30 μ mol photons m
-2s
-110 ± 1 ℃, under light dark period 12:12h condition, adopt ventilation suspension method to make the bulk kelp juvenile sporophyte of cultivation visible to naked eyes, be that bulk kelp juvenile sporophyte is wire, shank and blade are distinguished not obvious, in incubation, by adjustment, inflate intensity, bulk kelp juvenile sporophyte is evenly suspended in PES medium.
Further, during " first step cultivation ", adopt siphon to change water law and upgrade PES medium, upgrade weekly half PES medium.
Second step is cultivated: when the bulk kelp juvenile sporophyte length of blade over 60% reaches 0.4-0.5cm, the volume of medium is increased to 26-30 times of sporoblast body culture fluid volume, and every 5-6 days update all PES medium once;
The 3rd step is cultivated: when surpassing 60% bulk kelp juvenile sporophyte length, reach 1.0cm when above, the culture fluid volume in culture vessel is 34-38 times of sporoblast body culture fluid volume, and cultivation temperature is 12 ± 1 ℃; Within every 2~3 days, upgrade PES medium completely once, while changing water, thoroughly clear up culture vessel once.
In described PES medium, each chemical composition is as follows: sodium nitrate (NaNO
3) 46mg/L, glycerophosphate (C
3h
7na
2o
6p5H
2o) 6.66mg/L, boric acid (H
3bO
3) 3.8mg/L, the ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid (C of 0.5M pH=8
10h
16n
2o
8) 18.2ml/L, Trismabase(C
4h
11nO
3) 66.6mg/L, six water ammonium ferric sulfate ((NH
4)
2fe (SO
4)
26H
2o) 2.34mg/L, iron chloride (FeCl
3) 100 μ g/L, manganese sulfate monohydrate (MnSO
4h
2o) 546 μ g/L, white vitriol (ZnSO
47H
2o) 73.4 μ g/L, cobalt sulfate (CoSO
47H
2o) 16 μ g/L, Cobastab
12(C
63h
88coN
14o
14p) 1.34 μ g/L, Cobastab
1(C
12h
16n
4oSHCl) 66 μ g/L, vitamin h (C
10h
16n
2o
3s) 0.66 μ g/L.
The present invention's beneficial effect compared with prior art
1) the present invention uses liquid nutrient medium completely in the seedling culture stage, compares traditional seedling curtain adherance seedling method, and the method more can make full use of seedling culture space; 2), due to the secondary attaching process of bulk kelp after existing rhizoid to come off, the present invention adopts ventilation suspension method to cultivate bulk kelp seedling can improve survival rate greatly, reduces the loss that de-seedling causes; 3) ventilation suspension method is cultivated bulk kelp seedling, not only simple to operate, time saving and energy saving, and the restriction that not planted vegetables by maturation, can cultivate at any time according to actual needs bulk kelp seedling, and survival rate and unit of water body are cultivated density and be far longer than conventional method.4) technical scheme of the present invention can be implemented on a large scale, meets the needs of bulk kelp seed cultivation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The suspension method of ventilating under Fig. 1 laboratory condition is cultivated bulk kelp juvenile sporophyte
A: bulk kelp female and male gametophytes expands numerous, and incubation time is 2 months; B: bulk kelp female and male gametophytes mixes fertilization, and incubation time is 2 weeks; C: fertilized egg cell's division, engineer's scale-25 μ m; D: bulk kelp sporoblast body, is about 200 μ m, engineer's scale-25 μ m; E, F:10 ℃, in 8LPES cultivating system, ventilation suspends and cultivates, incubation time 1 month; G:12 ℃, in 10-12LPES cultivating system, ventilation suspends and cultivates, incubation time 1 month; H: bulk kelp juvenile sporophyte.Engineer's scale-1cm.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, the technical solution of the present invention is further explained, but protection scope of the present invention is not subject to any pro forma restriction of embodiment.
Embodiment
This experiment was since on July 18th, 2012, to on December 20th, 2012, stop, ventilation suspension method is cultivated bulk kelp juvenile sporophyte result and is shown, the bulk kelp sporoblast body that adopts gametophyte clone breeding technique to obtain is then cultivated into the bulk kelp juvenile sporophyte seedling that is about 1-2cm under the controlled condition of laboratory.
(1) bulk kelp sporoblast body obtains: adopt the method for gametophyte clone crossbreeding (Novel method for breeding kelp seedlings with gametophyte cloning method 201110373578.8) to obtain sporoblast body.Bulk kelp female and male gametophytes is taken from Inst of Huanghai Sea Marine Products, Chinese Academy of Aquatic Product Science's germplasm resource bank.A large amount of numerous bulk kelp female and male gametophytes (Figure 1A) that expand during on September 20th, 1 2012 on July 18th, 2012.
(2) bulk kelp sporoblast body is grown: the mixed liquor (sporoblast body weight in wet base is 30mg) that 1ml is filled to bulk kelp sporoblast body moves in 500ml sterilizing conical flask, adds sterilizing PES medium to 450ml, becomes sporoblast body culture fluid.At 10-20 μ mol photons m-
2s-
1, 10 ± 1 ℃, 12h/12h(L/D) under condition, in 500ml conical flask, cultivate (Figure 1B), fertilized egg cell, through longitudinal, horizontal split (Fig. 1 C), develops into length approximately 200 μ m bulk kelps children spore daughters (Fig. 1 D) after 30 days; In incubation, adopt siphon to change water law, every bottle is upgraded weekly half PES medium, and every day while, manual shaking flask was 2~5 times, and bulk kelp sporoblast is suspended in medium.
(3) ventilation of bulk kelp juvenile sporophyte suspends and cultivates: by three step cultivations, expand gradually bulk kelp juvenile sporophyte cultivating system, improve cultivation temperature, adopt ventilation suspension method to cultivate bulk kelp juvenile sporophyte and grow up to gradually seedling in culture vessel.
The first step is cultivated: when bulk kelp sporoblast body length is developed to 200 μ m left and right bulk kelp juvenile sporophyte, 450ml sporoblast body culture fluid is placed in to 15L transparent plastic case, adds 8L sterilizing PES medium (Fig. 1 EF), at 20-30 μ mol photons m-
2s-
1, temperature is 10 ± 1 ℃, light dark period is 12:12h, inflation intensity (200~500ml min-
1) under condition, adopt ventilation suspension method to cultivate bulk kelp juvenile sporophyte visible to naked eyes, bulk kelp juvenile sporophyte is wire, and shank is not obvious with blade differentiation, in incubation, by adjustment, inflates intensity, and bulk kelp juvenile sporophyte is evenly suspended in medium.Adopt during this time siphon to change water law and upgrade PES medium, upgrade weekly half PES medium.
Second step is cultivated: when the juvenile sporophyte length of blade over 60% reaches 0.5cm, add the volume of PES medium to 12L, within every 5 days, upgrade PES medium once;
The 3rd step is cultivated: ventilation suspends and cultivates after 30 days, when surpassing the about 1.0cm(Fig. 1 of bulk kelp juvenile sporophyte length G of 60%), frond culture fluid volume is increased to 16L, and cultivation temperature is 12 ± 1 ℃; Within every 2~3 days, upgrade PES medium completely once, while upgrading PES medium, clear up culture vessel once.
Experimental session, synchronously adopts traditional adherance seedling method to cultivate bulk kelp seedling.To on December 20th, 2012, cultivation bulk kelp seedling experimental result was as shown in table 1.Bulk kelp seedling 3.2 ten thousand strains that ventilation suspension method is successfully cultivated average length 1.0cm, unit of water body seedling density reaches 25000ind/L, and survival rate reaches 95%.Wherein unit of water body seedling density is 13.3 times of traditional breeding method, and survival rate improves approximately 25%.
Two kinds of seedling raising mannerses of table 1 are cultivated bulk kelp seedling situation statistics
Seedling raising manners | The strain number (ind) of emerging | Seedling density (ind/L) | Survival rate |
Adherance seedling method | 30000 | 150 | 75 |
Without adherance seedling method | 320000 | 2000 | 90 |
Claims (4)
1. without an adherance large-scale cultivation bulk kelp seedling new method, it is characterized in that it comprises the steps:
(1) bulk kelp sporoblast body obtains: adopt the method for gametophyte clone crossbreeding to obtain bulk kelp sporoblast body;
(2) bulk kelp sporoblast body is grown: the mixed liquor that fills bulk kelp sporoblast body is moved in the PES medium of sterilizing, become sporoblast body culture fluid, bulk kelp sporoblast body grows that to grow up to be the bulk kelp juvenile sporophyte of 200 ± 20 μ m gradually;
(3) ventilation of bulk kelp juvenile sporophyte suspends and cultivates: by three step cultivations, expand gradually bulk kelp juvenile sporophyte cultivating system, improve cultivation temperature, adopt ventilation suspension method to cultivate and make bulk kelp juvenile sporophyte grow up to gradually 1-2cm seedling in culture vessel;
In described PES medium, each chemical composition is as follows: sodium nitrate (NaNO
3) 46mg/L, glycerophosphate (C
3h
7na
2o
6p5H
2o) 6.66mg/L, boric acid (H
3bO
3) 3.8mg/L, the ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid (C of 0.5M pH=8
10h
16n
2o
8) 18.2ml/L, Trismabase (C
4h
11nO
3) 66.6mg/L, six water ammonium ferric sulfate ((NH
4)
2fe (SO
4)
26H
2o) 2.34mg/L, iron chloride (FeCl
3) 100 μ g/L, manganese sulfate monohydrate (MnSO
4h
2o) 546 μ g/L, white vitriol (ZnSO
47H
2o) 73.4 μ g/L, cobalt sulfate (CoSO
47H
2o) 16 μ g/L, Cobastab
12(C
63h
88coN
14o
14p) 1.34 μ g/L, vitamin B1 (C
12h
16n
4oSHCl) 66 μ g/L, vitamin h (C
10h
16n
2o
3s) 0.66 μ g/L;
Three described steps are cultivated:
The first step is cultivated: when bulk kelp sporoblast body length is developed to 200 ± 20 μ m juvenile sporophyte, add the sterilizing PES medium of 16-20 times of volume of sporoblast body culture fluid, at 20-30 μ mol photons m
-2s
-110 ± 1 ℃, under light dark period 12:12h condition, adopt ventilation suspension method to make the bulk kelp juvenile sporophyte of cultivation visible to naked eyes, be that bulk kelp juvenile sporophyte is wire, shank and blade are distinguished not obvious, in incubation, by adjustment, inflate intensity, bulk kelp juvenile sporophyte is evenly suspended in PES medium;
Second step is cultivated: when the bulk kelp juvenile sporophyte length of blade over 60% reaches 0.4-0.5cm, the volume of medium is increased to 26-30 times of sporoblast body culture fluid volume, and every 5-6 days update all PES medium once;
The 3rd step is cultivated: when surpassing 60% bulk kelp juvenile sporophyte length, reach 1.0cm when above, the culture fluid volume in culture vessel is 34-38 times of sporoblast body culture fluid volume, and cultivation temperature is 12 ± 1 ℃; Within every 2~3 days, upgrade PES medium completely once, while changing water, thoroughly clear up culture vessel once.
2. according to claim 1 a kind of without adherance large-scale cultivation bulk kelp seedling new method, it is characterized in that the condition of culture that the described bulk kelp sporoblast body of step (2) is grown is intensity of illumination 10-20 μ mol photons m
-2s
-1, 10 ± 1 ℃ of temperature, light dark period 12:12h, cultivates 28-32 days with this understanding.
3. according to claim 1 a kind of without adherance large-scale cultivation bulk kelp seedling new method; it is characterized in that adopting siphon to change water law in incubation that the described bulk kelp sporoblast body of step (2) grows; every bottle is upgraded weekly half PES medium; manually shake culture vessel 2~5 times every day simultaneously, bulk kelp sporoblast body is suspended in PES medium.
4. according to claim 1 a kind of without adherance large-scale cultivation bulk kelp seedling new method, it is characterized in that adopting siphon to change water law during " first step cultivation " and upgrade PES medium, upgrade weekly half PES medium.
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CN103704121A (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2014-04-09 | 中国海洋大学 | Costaria costata gametophyte clone hybridization seedling raising technology |
CN105766610B (en) * | 2014-12-25 | 2019-05-14 | 朱文荣 | A kind of seaweed spore aggregation method for culturing seedlings |
CN104782470B (en) * | 2015-04-01 | 2017-01-18 | 莆田市平海僧帽牡蛎原种场 | Cultivating method for bangia |
CN106106119A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-11-16 | 象山旭文海藻开发有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of Monostroma nitidum Wittr. spore collection massing |
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JPS5561736A (en) * | 1978-10-28 | 1980-05-09 | Nippon Carbide Kogyo Kk | Laver breeding method and material |
GB8707216D0 (en) * | 1987-03-26 | 1987-04-29 | Paisley College Of Technology | Tissue culture |
WO2002017707A1 (en) * | 2000-08-31 | 2002-03-07 | Council Of Scientific And Industrial Research | An improved process for cultivation of algae |
CN100494356C (en) * | 2005-05-20 | 2009-06-03 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Method for breeding energy alga-kelp sporophyte using gametophyte clone method |
CN101422125B (en) * | 2007-10-29 | 2011-04-06 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Sargassum thunbergii seedling quick-propagation method using leader branch segment tillering method |
CN101558793A (en) * | 2008-04-17 | 2009-10-21 | 滕国新 | Preparation technology for producing lactobacillus starter culture by cheese |
CN102487820B (en) * | 2011-11-22 | 2013-07-10 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Novel method for breeding kelp seedlings with gametophyte cloning method |
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