CN103374816A - 切刀 - Google Patents

切刀 Download PDF

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CN103374816A
CN103374816A CN2013101259343A CN201310125934A CN103374816A CN 103374816 A CN103374816 A CN 103374816A CN 2013101259343 A CN2013101259343 A CN 2013101259343A CN 201310125934 A CN201310125934 A CN 201310125934A CN 103374816 A CN103374816 A CN 103374816A
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tool rest
cutting
cutting knife
support
cutting member
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CN103374816B (zh
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B·霍夫曼
A·蔡斯
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Karl Eugen Fischer GmbH
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Karl Eugen Fischer GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D35/00—Tools for shearing machines or shearing devices; Holders or chucks for shearing tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/0006—Cutting members therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/01—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work
    • B26D1/02—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a stationary cutting member
    • B26D1/03—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a stationary cutting member with a plurality of cutting members
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/01—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work
    • B26D1/04—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a linearly-movable cutting member
    • B26D1/06—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a linearly-movable cutting member wherein the cutting member reciprocates
    • B26D1/08—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a linearly-movable cutting member wherein the cutting member reciprocates of the guillotine type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/01—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work
    • B26D1/04—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a linearly-movable cutting member
    • B26D1/06—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a linearly-movable cutting member wherein the cutting member reciprocates
    • B26D1/08—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a linearly-movable cutting member wherein the cutting member reciprocates of the guillotine type
    • B26D1/09—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a linearly-movable cutting member wherein the cutting member reciprocates of the guillotine type with a plurality of cutting members
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D7/26—Means for mounting or adjusting the cutting member; Means for adjusting the stroke of the cutting member
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H35/00—Delivering articles from cutting or line-perforating machines; Article or web delivery apparatus incorporating cutting or line-perforating devices, e.g. adhesive tape dispensers
    • B65H35/04—Delivering articles from cutting or line-perforating machines; Article or web delivery apparatus incorporating cutting or line-perforating devices, e.g. adhesive tape dispensers from or with transverse cutters or perforators
    • B65H35/06—Delivering articles from cutting or line-perforating machines; Article or web delivery apparatus incorporating cutting or line-perforating devices, e.g. adhesive tape dispensers from or with transverse cutters or perforators from or with blade, e.g. shear-blade, cutters or perforators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/0006—Cutting members therefor
    • B26D2001/0033—Cutting members therefor assembled from multiple blades
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/0006—Cutting members therefor
    • B26D2001/0066—Cutting members therefor having shearing means, e.g. shearing blades, abutting blades

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Scissors And Nippers (AREA)
  • Accessories And Tools For Shearing Machines (AREA)
  • Knives (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种——尤其是用于钢帘线带切机的——切刀，根据本发明，包括梁状的支架（2），在所述支架上可拆卸地固定有多个刀座（4），所述刀座各具有至少一个切割件（5），其中所述切割件（5）互补成连续的刀刃。

Description

切刀
技术领域
本发明涉及一种切刀，尤其是用于帘线带切机的切刀。
背景技术
所述类型的切刀普遍用于切割带状材料。该切刀或者固定不动或者可移动并与另一切刀互相作用，以切割位于其间的带状材料。一个基本的应用领域是切割钢帘线带或织物帘线带，所述钢帘线带或织物帘线带应用于轮胎制造领域并需要由相应的钢帘线带切机或织物帘线带切机从卷材切割成可单个处理并被进一步加工的带段。为此，已知的切刀具有梁状的支架，在该支架上设有由硬质合金/硬金属制成的在整个支架长度上延伸的切割件。该切割件通常是焊接的，因此与支架不可拆卸地相连。根据剪切机的长度，切刀长度一般大于一米，通常为1.5米或更长。
特别是在切割钢帘线带的情况下，所述钢帘线带由弹性材料、通常是橡胶材料制成并且其中设有多个纵向分布的、彼此平行的钢丝，由于钢丝具有相当大的硬度并且由于通常以相当高的频率进行切割，所以切割件持续承受负载。这会导致切割件受损，出现材料破裂或裂纹，不能再继续使用。尤其在损坏较严重、不能够通过重新磨削排除时，切刀就整个不能再使用，这是因为切割件如所述那样一般是与支架不可拆卸地相连的。
发明内容
由此本发明所要解决的技术问题是，提供一种可更加简单维护的切刀。
为解决这一技术问题，按照本发明提出一种——尤其是用于钢帘线带切机的——切刀，其突出的特点在于：包括梁状的支架，在所述支架上以可拆卸方式固定有多个刀座，所述刀座各具有至少一个切割件，其中所述切割件互补成连续的刀刃。
按照本发明的切刀尤其有利地被模块式地构造。其包括主要的梁状的支架，通过所述支架将切刀整体上安装在切机上。按照本发明，在支架上能以可拆卸方式固定多个单独的刀座。每个刀座都带有至少一个切割件。在安装位置中，即在所有相应的刀座都被安装在支架上的情况下，所述切割件相邻设置并形成连续的刀刃，以实现一致的、均匀的切削，但仍然模块化地构造。
如果在此情况下切割件之一在运行中受损，那么可以容易地仅拆掉带有受损切割件的刀座并更换成带有新切割件的刀座。该刀座或新切割件无缝地嵌入“旧”的切割件组中并重新形成连续的刀刃，所述刀刃在必要时仅需重磨以产生平面。而这种切刀通过简单更换带有切割件的刀座就又完全可以正常工作并能继续使用。也就是说，与此前所公开的切刀不同的是，即使在切割件严重受损时，所述切刀也能容易地被修理并重新使用。
在本发明的一种改进方案中提出，刀座的长度相当于固定其上的切割件的长度。也就是说，刀座自身在整个长度上带有或者说支撑切割件。还可选择在一个刀座上设有两个或更多的切割件，但这些切割件的总长度与刀座长度刚好相当。为将切割件集成或固定到刀座上，在本发明的一改进方案中，刀座具有在其中形状锁合地接纳切割件的缺口，在该缺口中所述切割件在负载方向上被反作用地支承/逆向支承（gegenlagern）。如果例如设有从截面上看是角形的缺口，那么切割件就具有可与之形状锁合地匹配的互补形状。切割件在该缺口中的固定在此也优选通过焊接实现，也就是说，切割件不可拆卸地设置在刀座上。
为将刀座固定在支架上，支架也可以具有在其中形状锁合地接纳刀座的缺口。在支架或者说其缺口与刀座之间在此也可以实现形状兼容性以实现刀座的固定。
在此也可以这样形状兼容，支架由于形状锁合地接纳刀座而至少在负载方向上得到反作用地支承。一合理的改进方案进一步提出，（接纳刀座的）缺口具有纵向槽，相应的刀座的纵向凸出部形状锁合地接合到该纵向槽中。通过凸出部接合到槽中在一定程度上实现了一种后部抓合，其使得刀座不论在负载方向上还是在逆负载方向上都被反作用地支承。这一点尤其在如下情况下是合理的：即两个在切割中共同作用的切刀在切割后彼此略微搭接或形成隆起并在切刀返回时彼此接触。
使用螺栓来简单地固定刀座，所述螺栓穿过刀座的孔并且相应地旋入支架的螺纹孔中。
按照本发明的一特别有利的改进方案，在支架上在每个侧面上都能固定至少一个在装配位置中使刀座相互压紧的夹紧板。通过所述两个可以在两侧固定在支架的端面上的夹紧板使刀座相互压紧，也就是说，产生与切割平面并行的上紧力，所述上紧力使刀座并进而使切割件牢固地彼此压紧。由此进一步改进了模块化结构的稳定性。
为固定夹紧板并允许施加高上紧力，在支架的侧面上分别设有至少一个螺纹孔，上紧相应的夹紧板的螺钉旋入到该至少一个螺纹孔中。所述夹紧板在刀座固定后安装并利用螺钉紧固。所述夹紧板在必要时具有与各自相邻的刀座直接贴靠的略微凸起的压紧段，通过牢固地拉紧螺栓使夹紧板同时牢固地压到刀座上，由此使刀座相互压紧。
除了切刀本身，本发明此外还涉及一种钢帘线带切机，其具有至少一个所述类型的切刀。
在本发明的一改进方案中，钢帘线带切机可以具有两个切刀，其中一个是上切刀，另一个是下切刀。其中至少一个切刀一般通过合适的机构能竖直运动并能相对于另一切刀移位，从而能够切割存在于这两个切刀之间的带材。
附图说明
本发明的其他优点、特征和细节由以下描述的实施例并借助附图给出，其中：
图1示出按照本发明的切刀的侧视图，
图2示出沿图1的线II-II的剖视图，
图3示出沿图2的线III-III的剖视图，和
图4示出图1的切刀的端面侧视图。
具体实施方式
图1示出了按照本发明的切刀1，其具有梁状的支架2，该支架的长度通常大于1m，在此可以达到6m或更长。在支架2上沿其长度分布有多个单独的孔3，如图3所示，这些孔是阶梯形的，为了将切刀1固定在切机、尤其是钢帘线带切机的相应部段上而将螺栓插入这些孔中，这样螺栓以其螺栓头支承在相应的孔阶梯上。
在所示实施例中，在支架2上可拆卸地固定有三个刀座4，这三个刀座各具有硬质合金制成的切割件5。如图1所示，切割件5的长度与刀座4的长度精确相符，在此在所示例子中所设置的总共三个刀座4连同其切割件5又与梁状的支架2的长度精确相符。如果在一个刀座4上并排设置多个切割件5，则这多个切割件的总长度与刀座4的长度精确相符。
如图2所示，每个刀座4都具有一在所示示例中是直角形的缺口6，相应的切割件5形状锁合地嵌入所述缺口中。因此，切割件5具有能与缺口6形状锁合地匹配的、同样是带角的形状。切割件5优选焊接在缺口6中，从而被不可拆卸地固定。实际的刀刃7位于悬伸/露出的切割件侧，其中所有三个切割件5的刀刃7互补成一个连续不断的刀刃。
如图2进一步所示的，在支架2上还设有另一缺口8，该缺口同样是基本上是角形的，但是在缺口底部上具有在整个支架长度上延伸的纵向槽9。
还可以看到，每个刀座4都形状匹配地设计，也就是说，刀座的背侧基本形状与缺口形状精确相符并且具有纵向凸出部10。如图2所示，在纵向凸出部10接合到纵向槽9中的情况下，所述刀座可以形状锁合地嵌入缺口8中。与上述的不可拆卸地在该处的缺口6中固定在刀座4上的切割件5不同，刀座4是可拆卸地固定在支架2上的。为此每个刀座4都具有同样阶梯式实施并起到容纳各自螺栓12作用的多个孔11。此外在支架9上还相应设有螺纹孔13，相应的螺栓12旋入到螺纹孔中。由此每个刀座都与支架2固定相连，在此如图1所示，在所示实施例中每个刀座都通过多个这种螺栓12螺纹连接在支架2上。
如图1、尤其是图4所示，在支架2的两个端面14上各设有螺纹孔15（图1中虚线所示），所述螺纹孔实现了：借助贴紧在中间垫片17上的螺钉18在每个端面14上各固定一个夹紧板16。如图4所示，夹紧板16在刀座4接合到纵向槽9中的区域内作用于相应相邻的刀座4，如图4虚线所示。由于不仅右侧的、还有左侧的刀座4都以这种方式被相应的夹紧板作用并且由于夹紧板被螺纹连接该夹紧板固定地压到刀座4上，所以刀座4沿轴向相互压紧，从而起到稳定刀座组的作用。尽管夹紧板根据所示实施例仅在一块范围内作用于相应相邻的刀座，但当然也可以设想更大范围地作用。
显然，根据本发明的切刀1是模块式构造的，其包括支架2，在该支架上能够可拆卸地固定有多个——在所示例子中是三个——刀座4以及切割件5。当然也可以设想，设有多于三个的刀座以及切割件，它们可以或者较短地实施，或者在梁状的支架2相应更长的情况下以合适的数目设置。
如果在运行过程中切割件5受损，那么仅需要从刀座组中移除相应的刀座4以及受损的切割件5，这仅需要简单地以如下方式进行：仅需要一方面略微松开夹紧板16的螺钉18，另一方面取下将托架4固定在支架2上的螺栓12。然后就可以从支架2移除刀座4连同受损的切割件5并在该位置处嵌入并旋紧一带有未受损的新切割件5的新刀座4。在固定所有螺栓12并且重新旋紧夹紧螺栓16后，只需再磨平切割件5以精磨“新”的切割件5，就可以立刻重新使用切刀1。
根据本发明的钢帘线带切机具有至少一个这种类型的切刀，但也可以设想设有两个这种切刀，其中一个是上切刀，另一个是下切刀。所述切刀或切刀中的至少一个以公知方式与相应的作动机构相连，所述作动机构使所述切刀相对于其他切刀运动。

Claims (11)

1.一种——尤其是用于钢帘线带切机的——切刀，其特征在于，包括梁状的支架（2），在所述支架上以可拆卸方式固定有多个刀座（4），所述刀座各具有至少一个切割件（5），其中所述切割件（5）互补成连续的刀刃。
2.根据权利要求1所述的切刀，其特征在于，所述刀座（4）的长度与固定在其上的切割件（5）的长度相当。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的切刀，其特征在于，在所述刀座（4）上设有在其中形状锁合地接纳切割件（5）的缺口（6），在该缺口中所述切割件在负载方向上被反作用地支承。
4.根据权利要求3所述的切刀，其特征在于，所述切割件（5）焊接在所述缺口（6）中。
5.根据上述权利要求之一所述的切刀，其特征在于，在所述支架（2）上设有在其中形状锁合地接纳所述刀座（4）的缺口（8）。
6.根据权利要求5所述的切刀，其特征在于，所述缺口（8）具有纵向槽（9），相应的刀座（4）的纵向凸出部（10）形状锁合地接合到该纵向槽中。
7.根据上述权利要求之一所述的切刀，其特征在于，所述刀座（4）借助螺栓（12）固定，所述螺栓（12）穿过刀座的孔（11）并且相应地旋入支架的螺纹孔（13）中。
8.根据上述权利要求之一所述的切刀，其特征在于，在支架（2）上在每个侧面（14）上都能固定至少一个在装配位置中使刀座（4）相互压紧的夹紧板（16）。
9.根据权利要求8所述的切刀，其特征在于，在支架（2）的侧面上分别设有至少一个螺纹孔（15），上紧相应的夹紧板（16）的螺钉（18）旋入到该至少一个螺纹孔中。
10.一种钢帘线带切机，包括至少一个根据上述权利要求之一所述的切刀（1）。
11.根据权利要求10所述的钢帘线带切机，其特征在于，设有两个切刀（1），其中一个是上切刀而另一个是下切刀。
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