CN103355507A - Sinking expanded feedstuff for holothurian culture - Google Patents
Sinking expanded feedstuff for holothurian culture Download PDFInfo
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- CN103355507A CN103355507A CN2012100830624A CN201210083062A CN103355507A CN 103355507 A CN103355507 A CN 103355507A CN 2012100830624 A CN2012100830624 A CN 2012100830624A CN 201210083062 A CN201210083062 A CN 201210083062A CN 103355507 A CN103355507 A CN 103355507A
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Abstract
The invention provides sinking expanded feedstuff for holothurian culture is prepared from kelp powder serving as the main component, as well as crude protein, crude fat, sugar, crude fiber, ashes and undaria. The invention also provides sinking expanded feedstuff for holothurian culture, which is prepared from kelp powder serving as the main component, as well as crude protein, crude fat, ashes and sargassum thunbergii powder. The invention also provides sinking expanded feedstuff for holothurian culture, which is prepared from kelp powder serving as the main component, as well as crude protein, sugar, ashes, homemade microbial ecological agents and refined and concentrated benthic diatom liquid. The invention also provides sinking expanded feedstuff for holothurian culture, which is prepared from kelp powder serving as the main component, as well as various vitamins, animal and vegetable protein, mineral substance, amino acid, spirulina powder, gulfweed powder, degummed kelp and oligosaccharide. The sinking expanded feedstuff contains complete nutrition ingredients, is balanced in collocation of all the ingredients, can be evenly assimilated by holothurian, and is beneficial to the growth and transformation of the holothurian.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of feed, specifically, relate to a kind of holothruian cultures with heavy property expanded pellet diet, belong to the animal foodstuff technical field.
Background technology
Imitative stichopus japonicus (
Apostichopus japonicusLiao), claim again stichopus japonicus, belong to benthonic Echinodermata, Holothuroidea, imitative stichopus japonicus genus.Main by the Micro Algae of ingesting in natural environment existence, benthic diatom, organic debris, organic matter, beneficial bacterium and the meiofauna corpse etc. that are mixed in the silt are food, utilize tentacle to connect silt during predation and swallow in the lump.From the eighties artificial propagation techniques achieve success, apostichopus japonicus culture industry has developed into the important sea-farming industry of China now.National stichopus japonicus aquaculture area was about 155288 hectares in 2009, and output reaches 102159 tons, and the industrial economy gross output value reaches more than 200 hundred million yuan, was the breed variety of one-sided economy total amount maximum in the important culturing economic aquatic products of present China.Because the cultivation scale development is too fast, cultural technique lags behind, and pond culture breeding density is relatively large, and natural biological bait can not satisfy the needs of its growth far away, therefore, under the situation of bait is not is not thrown something and fed in pond culture for a long time, the sea cucumber poor growth.The Feed Energies such as algae powder, fishing powder, scallop edge play certain growth promoting function even throw something and feed, but owing to feed formula is chaotic, the feedstuff trophic structure is uneven, the single full nutrition that lacks, when bringing part nutrition to sea cucumber, but caused larger substrate pollution, in succession occur the series of problems such as seed quality degradation, the speed of growth is slow, anti-adversity ability is poor, disease takes place frequently in the breeding process, caused huge economic loss for cultivation enterprise.How apostichopus japonicus culture continues, stablizes, develops in a healthy way, and the nutrition of feed and kind Geological Problems are crucial.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art part, provide a kind of holothruian cultures with sinking the property expanded pellet diet.
Holothruian cultures of the present invention take Kelp Powder as main component, also comprise crude protein, crude fat, carbohydrate, crude fibre, ashes and opotism with heavy property expanded pellet diet.
The present invention also provides a kind of holothruian cultures with heavy property expanded pellet diet, take Kelp Powder as main component, also comprises crude protein, crude fat, ashes and sargassum thunbergii powder.
The present invention also provides a kind of holothruian cultures with heavy property expanded pellet diet, take Kelp Powder as main component, also comprises crude protein, carbohydrate, ashes, self-control probiotics and refines concentrated benthic diatom liquid.
The present invention also provides a kind of holothruian cultures with heavy property expanded pellet diet, take Kelp Powder as main component, also comprises multivitamin, animals and plants albumen, mineral matter, amino acid, spirulina powder, sargassum powder, Kelp Powder and oligosaccharides come unstuck.
Holothruian cultures of the present invention have following technique effect with sinking the property expanded pellet diet:
1) nutrition is complete, the flat collocation weighing apparatus of various compositions, being conducive to the sea cucumber equilibrium digests and assimilates, growth transforms, the excreta organic detritus is few, greatly reduce water environmental impact, can satisfy vast cultivation dealer to having the demand of the high-quality apostichopus japonicus Selenka feed of full nutrition, can bring larger economic benefit.
2) the high nutrition cost performance of formulation selection algae powder collocation, be rich in multivitamin, animal protein, probiotics, vegetable protein, mineral matter, amino acid etc., nutrition is complete, various composition balance collocation, bulking process in processing and making process (seeing process chart), be conducive to the sea cucumber equilibrium and digest and assimilate, growth transforms, the excreta organic detritus has obvious minimizing, and is little on the water quality environment impact.Because the sea cucumber nutritional sufficiency of ingesting, become in the ginseng body dry matter content high, the processing trepang go out the skin rate and yield is all higher, brought larger economic benefit for vast foster ginseng family.
3) all feeds material matching is reasonable, comprehensive nutrition, comparable ordinary powder or hard pellet diet save about 13%, can effectively reduce water pollution in the process of throwing something and feeding, strengthened the oxidation resistance of stichopus japonicus body, can also reduce the apostichopus japonicus Selenka feed cost, alleviate the pressure of the vegetation that reparation plays an important role to marine environment.Throw something and feed behind this feed, the interior decomposition to nutriment of enteron aisle has been accelerated in the corresponding raising with content of the activity of stichopus japonicus body endoenzyme, can significantly improve imitative stichopus japonicus to digestion and the absorption of the various nutritional labelings such as crude protein and crude fat, and then has promoted the growth of stichopus japonicus.Sea cucumber than the conventional feed cultivation in practice cultivation comparison process shifts to an earlier date about 30 days results, and disease-free generation improves output about 23%～30%.
4) feed is fine at water stability.Throw something and feed slowly to sink in the water, do not dissolve in general 2～9 hours, thereby can avoid in the feed nutrition in water, to dissolve scattering and disappearing and feed sinks in the mud, can prevent to greatest extent feed waste, avoid feed residual rotten in water, reduce organic oxygen demand in the water, thereby effectively reduced water pollution.High-temperature process when expanded is stablized starch gelatinization, fat, and destruction and softening fibre structure and cell membrane, thereby improves the utilization rate of each nutrition, improves palatability and the digestibility of raw material, and therefore the utilization rate than powdery and pellet significantly improves.This feed is because through drying and processing, moisture is lower, and particle is harder, and the granular powder rate reduces, and most microorganism and bacterium worm are killed in the puffing process, so its storage life is longer, is convenient to storage and transportation.Feed can kill the germs such as Escherichia coli, salmonella effectively through expanded instantaneous high-temperature process, is convenient to the interpolation of anti-disease medicines, thereby can prevent the unclean of feed and cause all kinds of disease of digestive tracts, improves the culturing stichopus japonicus survival rate.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart that holothruian cultures are used heavy property expanded pellet diet.
Wherein, 1.(is thick) pulverizer 2. dust gathering arrester 3. airduct 4. cyclone separator 5. cloth bag 6. wind stopping device 7. blower fan 8. cloth bag 9. rough segmentation storehouses 10. title 11. weigh tanks (Primary batching system) 12 (one-level) mixers (meal mixing) the 13. rough storehouses of mixing 14. sieve 15. dust gathering arrester 16. fine powder storage tank 17. micronizer 18. dust gathering arrester 19. airduct 20. cyclone separator 21. wind stopping device 22. blower fan 23. cloth bag 24. weighings (second batch) 25.(secondarys) mixer 26. ozonization chamber 27. mixed powders (finished powder) groove 28. weighing 29 packaging bag 30 extrusions granulation 31. oven dry.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Holothruian cultures are with sinking the property expanded pellet diet, and every hectogram comprises: take Kelp Powder (Qingdao product) as main component, also comprise crude protein 8.2g, crude fat 0.1g, carbohydrate 57g, crude fibre 9.8g, ashes 12.9g and opotism.
Holothruian cultures are with sinking the property expanded pellet diet, and every hectogram comprises: take Kelp Powder (Qingdao product) as main component, also comprise crude protein 11.16g, crude fat 0.32g, ashes 18.93g and sargassum thunbergii powder.
Embodiment 3
Holothruian cultures are with sinking the property expanded pellet diet, and every hectogram comprises: take Kelp Powder (Qingdao product) as main component,
Also comprise crude protein 27.5g, carbohydrate 33.33g, ashes 25.7g, self-control probiotics and refine concentrated benthic diatom liquid.
Embodiment 4
Holothruian cultures comprise with sinking the property expanded pellet diet: take Kelp Powder (Qingdao product) as main component, also comprise multivitamin, animals and plants albumen, and mineral matter, amino acid, spirulina powder, the sargassum powder, Kelp Powder and oligosaccharides come unstuck.
Embodiment 5
As shown in Figure 1, holothruian cultures of the present invention are as follows with the production process of heavy property expanded pellet diet: a Crushing of Ultrafine one mixing one of preparing burden adds water and mixes expanded granulation one cooling, dry-packs.The grinding particle size of raw material should so both be conducive to expanded granulation below 0.3mm, can improve again the utilization rate of nutrition in the raw material; Adding that water mixes is a committed step, should control the raw material water content between 22%-32%, and moisture is excessively low, is difficult to expandedly, stops up easily, and moisture is too high, then may be expanded insufficient, affect moulding; The wet method extruder is generally adopted in expanded granulation, under the extruding of raw material spiral in bulking machine and the promotion, produce HTHP, in the moment by nib, temperature and pressure sharply descends, and the moisture in the raw material is evaporated rapidly, volumetric expansion, proportion lightens, through the otch excision forming of punishment in advance mouth, again through cooling with dry to room temperature and moisture and pack below 12%.
The parameter of the drying process behind the extruding-puffing technique should adopt low temperature drying, can not be in order to accelerate rate of drying, and adopt high temperature drying, when baking temperature reaches more than 120 ℃, will affect stichopus japonicus nutrient absorption rate.When baking temperature is higher than 100 ℃, namely the high temperature air-dry feeds will descend 10～30% to the sea cucumber digestibility, and when baking temperature is controlled at 70～90 ℃, the feed drying quality will be the best.So drying system is better drying process as adopting vacuum drying (baking temperature only is about 60 ℃, and material temperature only is 40 ℃) because stichopus japonicus growing environment water temperature is corresponding lower, in the body digestive enzyme activity a little less than.So, combine such as digestive ferment external digestion and this drying process, be more suitable for the processing in apostichopus japonicus Selenka feed, improve the digestibility of stichopus japonicus.
A comparatively special flow reactor can be thought in the extrusion chamber of modern extruding and puffing technology.Feed is (in the extrusion chamber) in reactor, high temperature (more than 120～160 ℃), high pressure (under 4～10MPa) states through strong extruding, shearing, friction, mix, extrude the starch gelatinization, the albuminous degeneration that make in the feed, each component between the material produces strong physics and physicochemical change, material and all produced the large variation of tool on macro-and micro-structure.
Claims (4)
1. holothruian cultures is characterized in that with heavy property expanded pellet diet, take Kelp Powder as main component, also comprise crude protein, crude fat, carbohydrate, crude fibre, ashes and opotism.
2. holothruian cultures is characterized in that with heavy property expanded pellet diet, take Kelp Powder as main component, also comprise crude protein, crude fat, ashes and sargassum thunbergii powder.
3. holothruian cultures is characterized in that with heavy property expanded pellet diet, take Kelp Powder as main component, also comprise crude protein, carbohydrate, ashes, self-control probiotics and refine concentrated benthic diatom liquid.
4. holothruian cultures is characterized in that with heavy property expanded pellet diet, take Kelp Powder as main component, also comprise multivitamin, animals and plants albumen, mineral matter, amino acid, spirulina powder, sargassum powder, Kelp Powder and oligosaccharides come unstuck.
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| CN2012100830624A CN103355507A (en) | 2012-03-27 | 2012-03-27 | Sinking expanded feedstuff for holothurian culture |
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| CN2012100830624A CN103355507A (en) | 2012-03-27 | 2012-03-27 | Sinking expanded feedstuff for holothurian culture |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106173550A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2016-12-07 | 大连海洋大学 | Can quickly improve mixed feed of Radix Morinae Bulleyanae body wall nutritional quality and preparation method thereof |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101253939A (en) * | 2008-03-21 | 2008-09-03 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Trepang sheet feed stuff and method of preparing the same |
| CN101756021A (en) * | 2009-12-21 | 2010-06-30 | 大连金砣水产食品有限公司 | Compound feed for culturing sea cucumbers |
| CN101971922A (en) * | 2010-07-15 | 2011-02-16 | 大连理工大学 | Environment-friendly sea cucumber streak feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN102232492A (en) * | 2011-07-16 | 2011-11-09 | 蓬莱市安源水产有限公司 | Stichopus japonicus powder feed and processing method thereof |
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- 2012-03-27 CN CN2012100830624A patent/CN103355507A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101253939A (en) * | 2008-03-21 | 2008-09-03 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Trepang sheet feed stuff and method of preparing the same |
| CN101756021A (en) * | 2009-12-21 | 2010-06-30 | 大连金砣水产食品有限公司 | Compound feed for culturing sea cucumbers |
| CN101971922A (en) * | 2010-07-15 | 2011-02-16 | 大连理工大学 | Environment-friendly sea cucumber streak feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN102232492A (en) * | 2011-07-16 | 2011-11-09 | 蓬莱市安源水产有限公司 | Stichopus japonicus powder feed and processing method thereof |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106173550A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2016-12-07 | 大连海洋大学 | Can quickly improve mixed feed of Radix Morinae Bulleyanae body wall nutritional quality and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20131023 |