CN1033494A - The hard magnetic material made from rare earth metal, iron and carbon - Google Patents

The hard magnetic material made from rare earth metal, iron and carbon Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1033494A
CN1033494A CN88108583A CN88108583A CN1033494A CN 1033494 A CN1033494 A CN 1033494A CN 88108583 A CN88108583 A CN 88108583A CN 88108583 A CN88108583 A CN 88108583A CN 1033494 A CN1033494 A CN 1033494A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
iron
carbon
hard magnetic
magnetic material
neodymium
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Pending
Application number
CN88108583A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
库尔特·海因茨·于尔根·布斯乔
德克·巴斯蒂安·迪穆伊
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Koninklijke Philips NV
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Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV
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Publication date
Priority claimed from NL8702991A external-priority patent/NL8702991A/en
Application filed by Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV filed Critical Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV
Publication of CN1033494A publication Critical patent/CN1033494A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
    • H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
    • H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
    • H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
    • H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
    • H01F1/058—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IVa elements, e.g. Gd2Fe14C

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of have stoichiometric composition Nd substantially 2Fe 14The hard magnetic material of C.It can be by casting, and then carry out recrystallization annealing under a certain temperature between 840 ℃ and 890 ℃ and make.Wherein a part of iron can be replaced by Co.In this case, can be by casting, and then carry out recrystallization annealing under 850 ℃ the temperature and make this magnetic material being bordering on.

Description

The hard magnetic material made from rare earth metal, iron and carbon
The present invention relates to a kind of hard magnetic material that comprises neodymium, iron and carbon.
A kind of known this material is the Nd with tetragonal structure 2Fe 14B.As everyone knows, will strengthen its anisotropy with C displacement B in this compound (for example, sees: physique Colloque C 6, supplement au no 9, T46, Sept 1985, and the C6-305/308 page or leaf " mixes the Nd of carbon 2Fe 14The magnetic anisotropy of B " literary composition, the author is: Bolzoni, Leccabue, Pareti and Sanchez).Point out on 306 pages of the document: if at compound N d 2Fe 14Boron is all replaced by carbon among the B, then can not obtain cubic crystalline phase.In " Solid state Commun-nications " the 64th volume the 5th phase (1987) 639-644 page or leaf, also stated this point.Be entitled as " double carbide R at that piece of writing 2Fe 14Synthetic and the magnetic of C " point out on the 640th page of article of (author is Gueramiom, Bezinge, Yvon and Muller): under the situation of R=neodymium, utilizing recrystallization annealing is can not obtain the tetragonal structure.
The objective of the invention is to provide a kind of hard magnetic material with strong crystalline anisotropy, this material only comprises carbon and does not have boron, also comprises the neodymium of suitable high-load simultaneously.
Have been found that utilize a kind of have the tetragonal structure and, its composition does not depart from or departs from hardly Nd 2Fe 14The material that the casting material of the recrystallization annealing of the stoichiometry composition of C is formed can reach this purpose.In this composition, 6at%(atomic percentage the most nearly) Fe of (by total composition calculating) can be replaced by Co.Replaced by Co if surpass the Fe of 6at%, the hard magnetic material amount that then has tetragonal structure (it can obtain) in the annealing in process process will significantly reduce.
Hard magnetic material of the present invention can obtain as follows.
For example being preferably in, following raw material neodymium of inert gas atmosphere, iron (presumable) cobalt and the carbon of argon are melted in together by stoichiometric ratio substantially.This melt is cast in the mould.This material has Nd 2F 17Structure, and, not hard magnetic; Then, carbon is dissolved in the lattice.The carbon of supposing to be dissolved in the lattice can be replaced one or more iron atoms.This structure is a rhombohedron.When needing, can under 900 ° or higher temperature, carry out homogenizing anneal to resulting casting material.If this material only contains neodymium, iron and carbon, then under the temperature between 840 ℃, anneal, make crystallization again to occur.Have been found that crystallization more only in this temperature range, just to occur, thereby, Nd formed 2Fe 14The cubic crystalline phase of C.Find:, depart from significantly that needed stoichiometry composition does not meet the requirements under the corresponding boron compound occasion about the raw material that weighs up beyond expectationly.But, experiment showed, that for described stoichiometry composition, the positivity bias of the iron amount of no more than 20% neodymium and/or carbon amount and 15% allows.Surpass specified temperature range (being higher than 890 ℃) and just do not form cubic crystalline phase, perhaps, if form described crystalline phase, so, except described cubic crystalline phase, also reservation has Nd with preponderating 2Fe 17Second crystalline phase of structure (below 840 ℃).If in specified temperature range, anneal, so, will form the tetragonal phase with preponderating.If between 850 ℃ and 880 ℃, be preferably under 870 ℃ the temperature and anneal, just can obtain having the material of the phase of monocrystalline basically of optimum magnetic.If this material also contains Co, the annealing process that then preferably makes crystallization is again carried out being bordering under 850 ℃ of temperature.Experiment showed, that cobalt increases the Curie temperature of this hard magnetic material significantly, this may be desirable to some application scenario.Experiment showed, making this according to the present invention to contain in the cobalt hard magnetic material process that about each element that weighs up, the nonstoichiometry composition is not inevitable in a small amount, but allow.The positivity bias of the iron of 20% neodymium and/or carbon amount and 15% and/or cobalt amount allows.If produce every test of material of the present invention without neodymium with praseodymium, will find to obtain the tetragonal structure of monocrystalline phase basically.
Embodiment 1
As mentioned above, made and had total composition Nd 2Fe 14The various casting material of C.After the casting, this material has Nd 2Fe 17Structure (rhombohedron).Do not carrying out in advance under the situation of homogenizing anneal, resulting casting material is directly being carried out recrystallization annealing under 870 ℃, for the time 500 hours.This material is the monocrystalline phase, and, have the tetragonal structure.Recording each lattice constant is: A=8.814 dust (A °), C=12.015 dust.The Curie temperature that has 535K according to material of the present invention.Saturation magnetization under 20 ℃=130 electromagnetic unit/grams.Utilization has total composition: Nd 12.1Fc 81.8C 6And Nd 11.8Fe 81.1C 7.1Material, cover the male ゾ  of the respectful emerging nurse of the  of alliance Chinese alligator smile proud Ы loess hills ditch whiz with mat with   green pepper  and herd rare
Directly, just can obtain various magnet by this material is cast into required form.After casting and recrystallization annealing, material is clayed into power, then in magnetic field, sinter required form then into, be pressed into required form after perhaps mixing with synthetic resin.
In described material, a part of iron can by other trivalent (3d) metal and/or aluminium, gallium, silicon or the like replace.Part neodymium can be replaced by one or more rare earth metals.
Embodiment 2
Make the casting material, its total composition is corresponding to molecular formula Nd 2Fe 13CoC.Then, directly do not carrying out in advance under the situation of homogenizing anneal, make this casting material under 850 ℃ of temperature, carry out for the time 150 hours recrystallization annealing handle, the material that obtains thus is the monocrystalline phase basically, and has the tetragonal structure.This material has the Curie temperature of 620 ° of K.

Claims (9)

1, a kind of hard magnetic material that comprises rare earth metal, iron and carbon is characterized in that: described material is by having the tetragonal structure and not departing from or nonstoichiometry composition Nd hardly 2Fe 14The casting material through recrystallization annealing of C is formed.
2, as desired hard magnetic material in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: the iron that is present in the described hard magnetic material of the maximum 6at% that calculate by total composition is replaced by Co.
3, as desired hard magnetic material in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: about the composition of neodymium and carbon the forward bias residual quantity of described stoichiometric composition is no more than 20%, and is no more than 15% about the forward bias residual quantity of iron.
4, as desired hard magnetic material in the claim 3, it is characterized in that: about the composition of Nd and C the forward bias residual quantity of described stoichiometry composition is no more than 20%, and is no more than 15% about the forward bias residual quantity of iron and cobalt.
5, as desired hard material in the claim 3, it is characterized in that: described each lattice constant is equivalent to A=8.814
Figure 881085839_IMG1
, C=12.015
Figure 881085839_IMG2
6, a kind of manufacturing contains the method for the hard magnetic material of neodymium, iron and carbon, it is characterized in that: raw material neodymium, iron and carbon according to nonstoichiometry ratio Nd hardly 2Fe 14The amount of C is melted in together, and, cast in the mold, then, under the temperature between 840 ℃ and 890 ℃, described casting material is carried out recrystallization annealing.
7, as desired method in the claim 6, it is characterized in that: described material is to anneal under a certain temperature between 850 ℃ and 880 ℃.
8, a kind of manufacturing contains the method for the hard magnetic material of neodymium, iron, cobalt and carbon, it is characterized in that: according to nonstoichiometry ratio Nd hardly 2Fe 14-xCo xC(is X＜1.02 wherein) amount raw material neodymium, iron, cobalt and carbon are melted in together, and, cast in the mold, then, described casting material is carried out recrystallization annealing being bordering under 850 ℃ the temperature.
9, contain just like each desired magnetic casting material in the claim 1 to 5 and/or with as the magnetic of each desired method manufacturing in the claim 6 to 8 cast and expect.
CN88108583A 1987-12-11 1988-12-08 The hard magnetic material made from rare earth metal, iron and carbon Pending CN1033494A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL8702991 1987-12-11
NL8702991A NL8702991A (en) 1987-12-11 1987-12-11 Boron-free hard magnetic material comprising a tetragonal phase - by annealing castings of an alloy contg. neodymium, iron and carbon and having a specific stoichiometric compsns.
NL8800740A NL8800740A (en) 1987-12-11 1988-03-24 HARD-MAGNETIC MATERIAL FROM A RARE NATURAL METAL, IRON AND CARBON.
NL8800740 1988-03-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1033494A true CN1033494A (en) 1989-06-21

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CN88108583A Pending CN1033494A (en) 1987-12-11 1988-12-08 The hard magnetic material made from rare earth metal, iron and carbon

Country Status (5)

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EP (1) EP0320064A1 (en)
JP (1) JPH024940A (en)
KR (1) KR890010944A (en)
CN (1) CN1033494A (en)
NL (1) NL8800740A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105603296A (en) * 2015-12-23 2016-05-25 桂林电子科技大学 Rare earth Fe-based electromagnetic shielding material and preparation method thereof

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL8901168A (en) * 1989-05-10 1990-12-03 Philips Nv HARD-MAGNETIC MATERIAL AND MAGNET MADE FROM THIS HARD-MAGNETIC MATERIAL.
DE3928389A1 (en) * 1989-08-28 1991-03-14 Schramberg Magnetfab PERMANENT MAGNET
EP0468449B1 (en) * 1990-07-24 1994-03-16 Kanegafuchi Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Bonded rare earth magnet and a process for manufacturing the same
US5240627A (en) * 1990-07-24 1993-08-31 Kanegafuchi Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Bonded rare earth magnet and a process for manufacturing the same
US5300156A (en) * 1990-07-24 1994-04-05 Kanegafuchi Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Bonded rare earth magnet and a process for manufacturing the same
US5478411A (en) * 1990-12-21 1995-12-26 Provost, Fellows And Scholars Of The College Of The Holy And Undivided Trinity Of Queen Elizabeth Near Dublin Magnetic materials and processes for their production
DE4242839A1 (en) * 1992-12-17 1994-06-23 Siemens Ag Mfr. of magnetic anisotropic power of rare earth based compound
DE4243048A1 (en) * 1992-12-18 1994-06-23 Siemens Ag Manufacturing hard magnetic materials using Sm Fe C system

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105603296A (en) * 2015-12-23 2016-05-25 桂林电子科技大学 Rare earth Fe-based electromagnetic shielding material and preparation method thereof

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NL8800740A (en) 1989-07-03
KR890010944A (en) 1989-08-11
EP0320064A1 (en) 1989-06-14
JPH024940A (en) 1990-01-09

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