CN103347418A - 用于可拆卸地将结构元件固定在一起的锁定装置 - Google Patents

用于可拆卸地将结构元件固定在一起的锁定装置 Download PDF

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CN103347418A
CN103347418A CN2012800078645A CN201280007864A CN103347418A CN 103347418 A CN103347418 A CN 103347418A CN 2012800078645 A CN2012800078645 A CN 2012800078645A CN 201280007864 A CN201280007864 A CN 201280007864A CN 103347418 A CN103347418 A CN 103347418A
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布鲁诺·梅利斯
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B12/00Jointing of furniture or the like, e.g. hidden from exterior
    • F16B12/10Jointing of furniture or the like, e.g. hidden from exterior using pegs, bolts, tenons, clamps, clips, or the like
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47BTABLES; DESKS; OFFICE FURNITURE; CABINETS; DRAWERS; GENERAL DETAILS OF FURNITURE
    • A47B47/00Cabinets, racks or shelf units, characterised by features related to dismountability or building-up from elements
    • A47B47/0008Three-dimensional corner connectors, the legs thereof being received within hollow, elongated frame members
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47BTABLES; DESKS; OFFICE FURNITURE; CABINETS; DRAWERS; GENERAL DETAILS OF FURNITURE
    • A47B47/00Cabinets, racks or shelf units, characterised by features related to dismountability or building-up from elements
    • A47B47/0016Node corner connectors, e.g. cubic
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B12/00Jointing of furniture or the like, e.g. hidden from exterior
    • F16B12/10Jointing of furniture or the like, e.g. hidden from exterior using pegs, bolts, tenons, clamps, clips, or the like
    • F16B12/12Jointing of furniture or the like, e.g. hidden from exterior using pegs, bolts, tenons, clamps, clips, or the like for non-metal furniture parts, e.g. made of wood, of plastics
    • F16B12/20Jointing of furniture or the like, e.g. hidden from exterior using pegs, bolts, tenons, clamps, clips, or the like for non-metal furniture parts, e.g. made of wood, of plastics using clamps, clips, wedges, sliding bolts, or the like
    • F16B12/2009Jointing of furniture or the like, e.g. hidden from exterior using pegs, bolts, tenons, clamps, clips, or the like for non-metal furniture parts, e.g. made of wood, of plastics using clamps, clips, wedges, sliding bolts, or the like actuated by rotary motion
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B12/00Jointing of furniture or the like, e.g. hidden from exterior
    • F16B12/10Jointing of furniture or the like, e.g. hidden from exterior using pegs, bolts, tenons, clamps, clips, or the like
    • F16B12/28Jointing of furniture or the like, e.g. hidden from exterior using pegs, bolts, tenons, clamps, clips, or the like for metal furniture parts
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B21/00Means for preventing relative axial movement of a pin, spigot, shaft or the like and a member surrounding it; Stud-and-socket releasable fastenings
    • F16B21/02Releasable fastening devices locking by rotation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B7/00Connections of rods or tubes, e.g. of non-circular section, mutually, including resilient connections
    • F16B7/04Clamping or clipping connections
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B7/00Connections of rods or tubes, e.g. of non-circular section, mutually, including resilient connections
    • F16B7/20Connections of rods or tubes, e.g. of non-circular section, mutually, including resilient connections using bayonet connections
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00Metal working
    • Y10T29/49Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826Assembling or joining
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/60Biased catch or latch

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)
  • Clamps And Clips (AREA)
  • Snaps, Bayonet Connections, Set Pins, And Snap Rings (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Furniture Connections (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及用于将结构元件安装或固定在一起的装置。该提供的装置包括固定件(3)和支撑件(1)。固定件包括杆(31)和安装在杆端部径向向外凸起的锁定臂(5)。该支撑件具有开孔(2),开孔(2)带有从支撑件的对称中心径向向外延伸的孔段(21)。该支撑件进一步包括在孔段之间形成的锁定凸起(8)。该锁定凸起具有弹性盘部件(10)和闩锁部分(11)。该弹性盘部分与支撑件的上表面成一角度设置并配备适于容纳锁定臂且与锁定臂部分啮合的凹座(9)。锁定臂适于被轴向引导通过开孔并被旋转到锁定凸起后有效锁定-闩锁。

Description

用于可拆卸地将结构元件固定在一起的锁定装置
技术领域
本发明涉及将结构元件紧固或固定在一起的装置。
背景技术
有许多用于连接结构元件的已知的方法和不同的结合方式,元件并排布置并相互形成不同角度,大都是0°和90°,其中,元件的连接侧表面可以在同一平面或不同平面内。
已知的可旋转单件固定件(US3986780)用于具有两个相对平面的非圆形孔支撑板,该固定件包括两个支持部分,两个支持部分通过一刚性杆相互连接并间隔与支撑板厚度相等的距离,形成所述杆端部的第一支持部分抵抗该支撑件的第一表面啮合并具有垂直于固定件纵轴的非圆形轮廓,该轮廓与板的非圆形孔的轮廓互补,非圆形轮廓包括至少两个对称轴;第二支撑部分与所述支撑件的第二表面啮合,所述固定件还具有至少两个弹性的安装锁定凸台,每个凸台具有与所述孔的内侧面的两直径相对部分互补的外轮廓。所述凸台具有经过固定件纵轴的对称平面,所述对称面与第一支撑部分的轮廓的相应对称面所成的角度等于作为一周的一部分的预定值。该已知装置的主要缺点是不允许接点的多次装配-拆卸。这个接点的寿命取决于支撑板和固定件的精确曲面配合。几次装配-拆卸后,接点变松,使整个结构变差,并导致固定件脱离。
已知组模块配置系统(WO2008/046907)包括可拆卸的互连支撑件和凹槽,其中,支撑件的面可以安装到凹槽的底部。支撑件的面包括端部带有插销的螺栓。槽内有孔,其中当支撑件更靠近凹槽时,支撑件的螺栓分别被插入。带有开孔的可旋转梁放在凹槽内的各个孔内。梁旋转时,螺栓的插销在开孔后被引导,其中,各个梁设计成旋转通过形成强制配合锁定各自的螺栓。支撑件和凹槽配备在连接表面设置防转动和防移动装置。已知装置的缺点是可旋转梁从外部可以看见,使配置系统少了视觉吸引。另一个大的缺点是连接的设计不允许快速拆卸,因为分开插销的可旋转梁的旋转角度不能确定或预测,从而已知连接的拆卸需要比应该的时间更多的时间。
用于将家具的两个部件,特别是两个侧壁固定在一起的已知的锁紧结构(EP1500350),包括两个装置,设计成功能相同,具有杯状固定部分和在杯状固定部分相关底部形成的开孔。开孔包括从中心轴向外径向延伸的孔段;至少两个孔段沿从中心线放射出的有规则角度间隔布置;作为调节部件的旋转件设置在杯状或壳状固定件的内部;旋转件包括一致动件,带有沿底部方向轴向偏置的锁定元件;这样形成的锁定元件能被轴向引导通过开孔。该已知锁定结构有效地用于两个侧壁的相互固定。但是,不适合于带有长臂(如,杆形元件或杆形元件和板)的结构元件的连接。
发明内容
本发明目的是创建一个锁定装置,来可拆卸地将结构元件的部件(尤其是杆形结构元件或杆形元件与板)固定在一起,可以快速且方便装配、拆卸和再装配这些部件。说明书和权利要求中所用的术语“结构元件”应该广义地解释,指代任何结合在一起的固体元件或部件,包括家具部件、展台部件、设计或装饰元素、模特部件,划界墙部件、分隔框架。根据本发明的“结构元件”也适用于附在支撑件上的电器装置和电子设备的支撑。
该目的通过提供的包括固定件和支撑件的装置来实现。固定件包括杆和布置在杆端部的径向向外凸起的锁定臂。该支撑件具有开孔,开孔带有从支撑件的对称中心径向向外延伸的孔段。该支撑件进一步包括在孔段之间形成的锁定凸起。该锁定凸起具有弹性盘部件和闩锁部分。该弹性盘部分与支撑件的上表面成一角度设置并配备适于容纳锁定臂且与锁定臂部分啮合的凹座。锁定臂适于被轴向引导通过开孔并被旋转到锁定凸起后有效锁定-闩锁。根据优选实施例,闩锁部分是孔段周围部分之间形成的凸起,适于与锁定臂的周围部分啮合,从而抓住固定在一起的部件并为锁定臂提供支撑。
此外,本发明的实质和其各种实施例通过参考附图的例子描述。
附图说明
图1A和1B显示固定件的一个实施例;图1A是侧视图,图1B是仰视图;
图2A-2D显示了支撑件的一个实施例;图2A是俯视图,图2B抬高的侧视图,图2C是仰视图,图2D是锁定凸起的底部视图;
图2E,2F和2G显示了支撑件的另一个实施例;图2E是底部视图,图2F是抬高的侧视图,图2G侧截面视图;
图3A显示了支撑件的第三实施例,与带有两个锁定壁的固定件一起使用;
图3B显示带有两个锁定壁的固定件的实施例;
图4A和4B显示了在结构元件上使用固定件的例子;
图5A显示了支撑件的第四实施例;
图5B显示了带有四个锁定壁的固定件的另一个实施例;
图6显示了连接在结构元件上的支撑件的第四实施例;
图7显示了使用提供的锁定装置将五个结构元件连接在一起的例子;
图8A和8B显示了使用锁定装置连接在一起的两部件的截面视图;
图9显示了使用提供的锁定装置将三个部件连接在一起。
具体实施方式
用于可拆卸地将结构元件的部件安装在一起的锁定装置,尤其是,两个杆形结构元件(图9),或杆形元件和板(图4B),该装置包括固定件3(图1A-1B,3B,5B)和支撑件1(图2A-2G,3A,5A)。固定件3包括杆3′和布置在杆3′端部径向向外伸出的锁定臂5。杆3′的纵轴垂直于锁定臂5的对称轴。
支撑件1具有开孔2。开孔2具有从支撑件1的对称中心向外径向延伸的孔段2′。孔段2′彼此沿已预先设定的角度间隔设置。开孔2优选十字形(图2C),但其他结构也可以(如图3A所示的直线)。支撑件1进一步包括孔段2′之间形成的锁定凸起8。锁定件3的锁定臂5适于被径向引导通过开孔2,其中,为了实现锁定,锁定件3能被引导通过开孔2并借助随后的旋转被闩锁在凸起8后方。很明显,能自由引导锁定臂5通过开孔2,开孔2的尺寸(到对称中心的距离和宽度)稍微大于锁定臂5的尺寸(长度和宽度)。
每个锁定凸起8具有一个弹性盘部分10和闩锁部分11。弹性盘10是弹性可变的弹性盘或配备等同装置来用作弹性盘。部分10比部分11更靠近支撑件1的对称中心并与支撑件1的上表面的平面形成一个角度(图2G)。弹性盘部分10的内表面配备凹座9(孔),适于接受锁定臂5的表面部分(该部分更靠近固定件的中心)并与锁定臂5的部分啮合,这样,一旦固定件3为了闩锁旋转,弹性盘部分10将施加压力到锁定臂5,直到锁定臂5被插座9容纳,从而确保固定件3固定而不能自由旋转(在装配位置,弹性盘部分10朝向锁定臂)。闩锁部分11是形成在孔段2′的边缘部分之间的凸起,并适于与锁定臂5的边缘部分啮合,从而将部分固定在一起并为锁定臂5提供支撑。
闩锁部分11的演化优选等腰梯形(图2D,2E)。闩锁部分11的这个形状或类似形状对确保作为锁定臂5用的坡道(上升和下降)和支撑是必须的。坡道(梯形的腿)的倾斜平面允许锁定臂5的平稳上升到坡道的上部并平稳地下降。
当弹性盘部分10阻止固定件3自由旋转时,锁定臂5和闩锁部分11(具有梯形的上基部)的啮合确保固定功能。
根据另一个实施例(图3A,5A,8A,8B),支撑件1具有带有弹性盘10的锁定凸起8,弹性盘10沿离支撑件1的上表面的平面一角度设置并配置凹座9,凹座9适于接收并与锁定臂5的部分啮合,这样,一旦固定件3闩锁,弹性盘部分10将阻止固定件3的自由旋转。
固定件3和支撑件1能安装或固定到通过螺钉、粘合剂、焊接或等同方式连接的部件(杆形结构元件,杆形元件和板等)。固定件3和支撑件1也可以是被连接元件的不可少的部分,如通过模制或铸造工艺获得。支撑件1可以是如图2B所示的杯状,或如图2E-2G所示的板状。杯状支撑件1可以安装在具有平滑面的结构元件上。在这种情况下,容纳支撑件1的上表面(如杯的底部)和结构元件的表面之间的固定件3的空间由杯壁保证。板状支撑件1可以安装在具有适于容纳固定件3的洞的结构元件上(图6,8A-8B)。
提供的装置能如下使用。配备固定件3和支撑件1的结构元件(如家具的部件,建筑型材,装饰件或建筑玩具件,人体模特部件,到底座的电子器件)通过径向引导固定件3的锁定臂5通过支撑件1的开孔2并绕固定件3的纵轴旋转(如90°或45°)结构元件中的一个,直到锁定臂5闩锁在锁定凸起8后面来可拆卸地连接在一起。典型地伴随着“咔嗒”声,来确定锁定臂5固定且由凹座9接收。拆卸结构元件按相反的顺序操作:旋转一个元件后,锁定臂5从锁定凸起8脱离,且固定件从开孔2中取出。
上面所描述的装置可以用于生产需要快速安装和拆卸的不同类型的家具、展台和设计元素、模特,以及用于安装分割的和划界的墙壁、分隔框和生产任何格子形结构。所推荐的固定装置为简单安装、拆卸和不同板型和类似杆部件的装配提供可能。该装置还可以用于生产电子器件的底座、支撑件。

Claims (5)

1.可拆卸地将结构元件的部件固定在一起的锁定装置,包括:
(i)固定件(3),其包括杆(3′)和布置在杆(3′)端部的径向向外凸起的锁定臂(5),杆的纵轴垂直于锁定臂(5)的对称轴,
(ii)和支撑件(1),该支撑件(1)具有开孔(2),开孔(2)带有从支撑件(1)的对称中心径向向外延伸的孔段(2′),孔段(2′)互间沿预设角度间隔设置,该支撑件(1)进一步包括在孔段(2′)之间形成的锁定凸起(8);固定件(3)的锁定臂(5)适于被轴向引导通过开孔(2),为了实现锁定,锁定臂能被轴向引导通过开孔(2)并借助随后的旋转被闩锁在锁定凸起(8)后面,其特征在于,每个锁定凸起(8)具有弹性盘部件(10)和闩锁部分(11),弹性盘部分(10)位于更靠近支撑件(1)的对称中心,与支撑件(1)的上表面的平面成一角度设置并配备适于容纳锁定臂且与锁定臂部分啮合的凹座(9),这样,一旦固定件(3)闩锁,弹性盘部分(10)将确保牢固地锚定,固定件(3)不能自由旋转;闩锁部分(11)是在孔段(2′)周围部分之间形成的凸起并适于与锁定臂(5)的周围部分啮合,从而抓住固定在一起的部件并为锁定臂(5)提供支撑。
2.如权利要求1所述的锁定装置,其特征在于,所述锁定凸起(8)具有弹性盘部件(10),该弹性盘部分与支撑件(1)的上表面的平面成一角度设置并配备适于容纳锁定臂(5)且与锁定臂(5)部分啮合的凹座(9),这样,一旦固定件(3)闩锁,弹性盘部分(10)将阻止固定件(3)自由旋转。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的锁定装置,其特征在于,所述开孔(2)是十字形。
4.使用如上述权利要求之一的锁定装置。
5.包含权利要求1,2或3所述锁定装置的家具、建筑结构、模特、电子设备支座或建筑玩具套件。
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