CN103344964B - Laser radar device for distinguishing dust-haze classifications in remote sensing mode - Google Patents
Laser radar device for distinguishing dust-haze classifications in remote sensing mode Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a laser radar device for distinguishing dust-haze classifications in a remote sensing mode. The laser radar device comprises two polarization high spectral resolution laser radar systems and a dust-haze classification recognition system. The two polarization high spectral resolution laser radar systems work on a 532nm wave band and a 1064nm wave band respectively. Each polarization high spectral resolution laser radar system comprises a transmitting system, a receiving system, a frequency locking system and a data collecting and processing system. The dust-haze classification recognition system comprises a dust-haze sample library module, a discrimination function calculation module and a dust-haze component output module. The laser radar device is matched with the dust-haze component recognition method which is based on pattern recognition, and therefore high-precision remote sensing of the dust-haze classifications can be performed without placing the laser radar device into dust-haze.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to laser radar technique field, particularly relate to the laser radar apparatus that dust-haze classification is distinguished in a kind of remote sensing.
Background technology
Mist belongs to aerosol systems, is the visible aggregate being suspended in a large amount of fine water droplets (or ice crystal) in ground proximity air, and mainly water in air vapour reaches or close to condensation on the nucleus of condensation after saturated.And haze, also known as gray haze, also belonging to aerosol systems, is a large amount of small dust in an atmosphere that suspends, the aggregate of soot or salt grain, and the particle of composition haze is minimum, can not with the naked eye differentiate.Meteorology is thought, relative humidity is greater than 90%, and the On The Deterioration of Visibility Over that horizontal visibility is less than 1km and causes is mist; When relative humidity is less than 80%, when horizontal visibility is less than 10km, think haze; When relative humidity is between 80% ~ 90%, the fuzzy visibility deterioration caused in the muddy visual field of air is that mist and haze potpourri cause jointly, but thinks that its principal ingredient is haze.
Due to the rapid expansion of economic scale and the quickening of urbanization process, current gray haze has not been one spontaneous phenomenon completely.A large amount of gasoloids of anthropogenic discharge have made air quality severe exacerbation, and atmospheric pollution is increasingly serious.Gray haze is to healthy, the mental health of people, and there is very important impact the aspect such as traffic safety and regional climate.Own through becoming the important form of atmospheric pollution in China's gray haze, become the subject matter that the many cities of China face.According to the research to aerosol optical extinction coefficient and lung cancer mortality relation over more than 50 years of China big city, find " lung cancer mortality haze weather increase after 7 ~ 8 years time obviously increase " rule.Meanwhile, gray haze can reduce visibility, affects urban look and normal traffic order, and can absorb sun power, affect the balance between revenue and expenditure of terrestrial radiation, and then have influence on global climate.
The method of measurement gray haze conventional at present carries out analytical test with sampling thief or film by after particulate collection.But although these off-line analysis means can carry out analyzing to sample comprehensively, exactly, to waste time and energy and chemical composition is easily damaged and really cannot reacts original aerocolloidal feature.Real-time online measuring technology can continuously analyse atmos aerosol component and particle particle diameter composition, comparatively intactly obtain chemistry of particles composition and particle particle diameter composition, as individual particle aerosol mass spectrometry technology etc.In addition, the in situ detection analytical instrument such as moisture absorption tandem difference mobility analyser (HTDMA), cavity ring-down spectroscopy instrument (CRDS) and nephelometer (Nephelometer) are also used to the detection of aerosol chemistry classification, hydroscopicity and optical property etc.But these detection methods above or instrument only can carry out single-point sampling in limited area, instrument must be placed in tested gasoloid environment, so just greatly limit its application.Detect for gray haze situation interior on a large scale if want, then laser radar remote sensing technology is a good selection.But current existing laser radar system is not develop for detecting gray haze specially, just gray haze is treated as common aerosol, detects some aerocolloidal common optical parametrics simply.
Further, what the laser radar system detected gray haze delivered at present adopted is all common back scattering laser radars.Due in atmospheric exploration, the atmospheric backscatter light that laser radar receives contains the Rayleigh scattering signal of atmospheric molecule and the Mie scattering signal of particulate.Common back scattering laser radar cannot be distinguished the gentle Mie scattering signal of Rayleigh scattering signal when carrying out data reconstruction, needs artificial hypothesis to be detected the Lidar Ratios of atmospheric aerosol, just can not reach high precision in theory.And high spectral resolution lidar utilizes the light filter with high spectral resolution, from atmospheric scattering, be separated Mie scattering and Rayleigh Scattering Spectra, and then be finally inversed by atmospheric parameter.Due to without the need to supposing Lidar Ratios, high spectral resolution lidar can obtain than common back scattering laser radar more high precision.
In addition, the report that what these had been delivered utilize laser radar to detect gray haze is only detected gray haze as aerocolloidal basic optical parameter, as extinction coefficient and Depolarization Ratio etc., and the classification of gray haze cannot carry out automatic discrimination.Meanwhile, nearly all report is substantially all utilize the laser radar being operated in a wavelength to carry out detecting.And gray haze is as gasoloid, its optical characteristics on different wave length is different, utilizes the characteristic on multi-wavelength to differentiate it, can obtain higher precision.
Set up a kind of gray haze remote sensing system based on high spectral resolution lidar and dust-haze classification remote sensing technique, can can carry out detected with high accuracy to dust-haze classification without the need to being among gray haze, life, social production, earth environment etc. for people all have very important significance.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, propose the laser radar apparatus that dust-haze classification is distinguished in a kind of remote sensing, the present invention is based on high spectral resolution lidar, in conjunction with gray haze analysis and distinguishing method, detected with high accuracy can be carried out to dust-haze classification.
The present invention includes two polarization high spectral resolution laser and a dust-haze classification recognition system.Two polarization high spectral resolution laser are respectively the polarization high spectral resolution laser being operated in 532nm wave band and the polarization high spectral resolution laser being operated in 1064nm wave band.
The polarization high spectral resolution laser being operated in 532nm wave band comprises emission coefficient a, receiving system a, Locking System a, data acquisition and processing system a.Emission coefficient a comprises 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument, 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope a, beam expander, catoptron b and catoptron b; Receiving system a comprises telescope, optical filter, 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope b, spectroscope a, photodetector a, polarization splitting prism a, photodetector b, high spectral resolution light filter a, photodetector c.Locking System a is by after high spectral resolution light filter a frequency locking to 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument, the light beam that 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument is launched is through after being expanded by beam expanding lens, being transmitted into being detected in air through catoptron a and catoptron b after 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope a; Be subject to the scattering of atmospheric molecule and particulate, produce laser radar echo signal; This laser radar echo signal is except frequency spectrum has certain broadening, and its polarization state also generating portion changes.After laser radar echo signal is collected by telescope, by the radiation of optical filter filtering sky background, again through after 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope, through spectroscope a light splitting, one road signal is reflected into into photodetector a, two-way is divided into after another road signal is transmitted to polarization splitting prism a, the polarization signal vertical with the laser polarization state that single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument sends is reflected into into photodetector b, the polarization signal identical with the laser polarization state that single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument sends is transmitted to high spectral resolution light filter a, and received by photodetector c after high spectral resolution light filter a.Photodetector a, photodetector b and photodetector c complete the opto-electronic conversion of three channel signals, by the electric signal input data acquisition and processing system a after conversion, data acquisition and processing system a is by electric signal digitising, and the electric signal after digitizing is carried out to the complementary operation of atmospheric parameter, thus obtain being detected the parameter of air at 532nm wave band, the parameter transmission that inverting obtains by data acquisition and processing system a is to dust-haze classification recognition system.
The polarization high spectral resolution laser being operated in 1064nm wave band comprises emission coefficient b, receiving system b, Locking System b, data acquisition and processing system b.Emission coefficient b comprises 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument, catoptron a, 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope a, beam expander, catoptron b6 and catoptron c; Receiving system b comprises telescope, optical filter, 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope b, catoptron d, spectroscope b, photodetector d, polarization splitting prism b, photodetector e, high spectral resolution light filter b, photodetector f.Locking System b is by after high spectral resolution light filter b frequency locking to 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument, the light beam that 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument is launched is after catoptron a reflects, reflected by 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope a again and after being expanded by beam expanding lens, be transmitted into through catoptron b and catoptron c and be detected in air; Be subject to the scattering of atmospheric molecule and particulate, produce laser radar echo signal; This laser radar echo signal is except frequency spectrum has certain broadening, and its polarization state also generating portion changes.After laser radar echo signal is collected by telescope, by the radiation of optical filter filtering sky background, again by the first back reflection of 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope b and catoptron d, and through spectroscope b light splitting, one road signal is reflected into into photodetector d, two-way is divided into after another road signal is transmitted to polarization splitting prism b, the polarization signal vertical with the laser polarization state that single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument sends is reflected into into photodetector e, the polarization signal identical with the laser polarization state that single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument sends is transmitted to high spectral resolution light filter b, and received by photodetector f after high spectral resolution light filter b.Photodetector d, photodetector e and photodetector f complete the opto-electronic conversion of three channel signals, by the electric signal input data acquisition and processing system b after conversion, data acquisition and processing system b is by electric signal digitising, and the electric signal after digitizing is carried out to the complementary operation of atmospheric parameter, thus obtain being detected the parameter of air at 1064nm wave band, the parameter transmission that inverting obtains by data acquisition and processing system b is to dust-haze classification recognition system.
Described 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope a, beam expander, catoptron b6, catoptron c, telescope, optical filter, 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope b are shared by the polarization high spectral resolution laser being operated in 532nm wave band and the polarization high spectral resolution laser that is operated in 1064nm wave band; Described 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument and 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument can be same laser instruments; When for same laser instrument, this laser instrument or there is the laser head that two are launched 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser and 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser respectively simultaneously, or the laser head of 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser and 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser while that there is one, can be launched; When described 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument and 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument belong to same laser instrument and from same laser head Emission Lasers time, system will not have catoptron a and 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope a.
The splitting ratio of described spectroscope a and b18 is not 50%:50%, but transmissivity is much larger than the spectroscope of reflectivity, as 98%:2%.
The laser frequency spectrum width that described 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument and 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument send is not more than 150MHz.
Described high spectral resolution light filter a is iodine molecule absorption filter or the interferometer with high spectral resolution, as Fabry-Paret interferometer or field widening Michelson interferometer; Described high spectral resolution light filter b is the interferometer with high spectral resolution, as Fabry-Perot interferometer or field widening Michelson interferometer.
Dust-haze classification recognition system comprises dust-haze sample library module, discriminant function computing module and dust-haze component output module.Dust-haze sample library module contains the aerocolloidal optical properties sample set of different classes of gray haze, and wherein the aerocolloidal proper vector of gray haze is
, and
for the aerocolloidal Depolarization Ratio of 532nm wave band gray haze, i.e. the backscattering coefficient of vertical (S) polarization
with the backscattering coefficient of level (P) polarization
ratio;
for the aerocolloidal radar ratio of 532nm wave band gray haze, i.e. gray haze Aerosol Extinction
and backscattering coefficient
ratio;
represent the aerocolloidal scattering color ratio of gray haze, namely gray haze gasoloid is at the backscattering coefficient of 532nm wave band
with the backscattering coefficient at 1064nm wave band
ratio;
represent the aerocolloidal spectrum Depolarization Ratio of gray haze, i.e. gray haze gasoloid Depolarization Ratio on 1064nm wavelength
with Depolarization Ratio on 532nm wavelength
ratio.
Discriminant function computing module is used for aerocolloidal for reality proper vector
proper vector aerocolloidal with the gray haze in dust-haze sample library module
compare differentiation.Described comparison differentiates the correlation parameter adopting the Bayesian Decision method in maximum likelihood parameter estimation mode to estimate sample statistics rule.Suppose that sample can be divided into n classification, then proper vector
belong to
the probability of class is as follows:
， (1)
Wherein,
for proper vector
belong to
the posterior probability of class,
for
the weight of class in Sample Storehouse; Therefore, exist
in all values, proper vector
be attributed to the classification that value is maximum.
Dust-haze component output module, according to the comparative result of discriminant function computing module, is carried out classification to analyzed gray haze and is exported.
Dust-haze sample library in described dust-haze classification recognition system dust-haze sample library module obtains after utilizing illustrated laser radar system to carry out actual measurement to known gray haze, or to obtaining after the data preparation in the existing document delivered.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
The present invention adopts two polarization high spectral resolution laser being operated in 532nm wave band and 1064nm wave band respectively, coordinates the dust-haze classification recognition methods based on pattern-recognition, without the need to carrying out high precision remote sensing to the kind of gray haze among gray haze.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is dust-haze classification recognition system schematic diagram of the present invention;
Field widening Michelson interferometer structure of the light filter schematic diagram when Fig. 3 is high spectral resolution light filter b22 employing field widening Michelson interferometer light filter in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 (a) represents figure for gray haze sample database partial data figure in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 (b) represents figure for gray haze sample database partial data figure in the embodiment of the present invention;
In figure, 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument 1, 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument 2, 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope a3, catoptron a4, beam expander 5, catoptron b 6, catoptron c7, telescope 8, optical filter 9, 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope b10, spectroscope a11, photodetector a12, polarization splitting prism a13, photodetector b14, high spectral resolution light filter a15, photodetector c16, catoptron d17, spectroscope b18, photodetector d19, polarization splitting prism b20, photodetector e21, high spectral resolution light filter b22, photodetector f23, data acquisition and processing system a24, data acquisition and processing system b25, dust-haze classification recognition system 26, Locking System a27, Locking System b28, dust-haze sample library module 29, discriminant function computing module 30, dust-haze component output module 31, Amici prism c32, mixing arm glass 33, mixing arm air-gap 34, mixing arm catoptron 35, glass arm glass 36 and glass arm reflectance coating 37.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described
.
As shown in Figure 1, the laser radar apparatus of dust-haze classification is distinguished in a kind of remote sensing, comprises two polarization high spectral resolution laser and a dust-haze classification recognition system.Two polarization high spectral resolution laser are respectively the polarization high spectral resolution laser being operated in 532nm wave band and the polarization high spectral resolution laser being operated in 1064nm wave band.
The polarization high spectral resolution laser being operated in 532nm wave band comprises emission coefficient a, receiving system a, Locking System a27, data acquisition and processing system a24.Emission coefficient a comprises 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument 1,532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope a3, beam expander 5, catoptron b6 and catoptron b7; Receiving system a comprises telescope 8, optical filter 9,532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope b10, spectroscope a11, photodetector a12, polarization splitting prism a13, photodetector b14, high spectral resolution light filter a15, photodetector c16.Locking System a27 is by after high spectral resolution light filter a15 frequency locking to 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument 1, the light beam that 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument 1 is launched is through after being expanded by beam expanding lens 5, being transmitted into being detected in air through catoptron a 6 and catoptron b 7 after 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope a3; Be subject to the scattering of atmospheric molecule and particulate, produce laser radar echo signal; This laser radar echo signal is except frequency spectrum has certain broadening, and its polarization state also generating portion changes.After laser radar echo signal is collected by telescope 8, by the radiation of optical filter 9 filtering sky background, again through after 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope 10, through spectroscope a11 light splitting, one road signal is reflected into into photodetector a12, two-way is divided into after another road signal is transmitted to polarization splitting prism a13, the polarization signal vertical with the laser polarization state that single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument sends is reflected into into photodetector b14, the polarization signal identical with the laser polarization state that single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument sends is transmitted to high spectral resolution light filter a15, and received by photodetector c16 after high spectral resolution light filter a15.Photodetector a12, photodetector b14 and photodetector c16 complete the opto-electronic conversion of three channel signals, by the electric signal input data acquisition and processing system a24 after conversion, data acquisition and processing system a24 is by electric signal digitising, and the electric signal after digitizing is carried out to the complementary operation of atmospheric parameter, thus obtain being detected the parameter of air at 532nm wave band, the parameter transmission that inverting obtains by data acquisition and processing system a24 is to dust-haze classification recognition system 26.
The polarization high spectral resolution laser being operated in 1064nm wave band comprises emission coefficient b, receiving system b, Locking System b28, data acquisition and processing system b25.Emission coefficient b comprises 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument 2, catoptron a4,532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope a3, beam expander 5, catoptron b6 and catoptron c7; Receiving system b comprises telescope 8, optical filter 9,532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope b10, catoptron d17, spectroscope b18, photodetector d19, polarization splitting prism b20, photodetector e21, high spectral resolution light filter b22, photodetector f23.Locking System b28 is by after high spectral resolution light filter b22 frequency locking to 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument 2, the light beam that 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument 2 is launched is after catoptron a4 reflects, reflected by 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope a3 again and after being expanded by beam expanding lens 5, be transmitted into through catoptron b6 and catoptron c7 and be detected in air; Be subject to the scattering of atmospheric molecule and particulate, produce laser radar echo signal; This laser radar echo signal is except frequency spectrum has certain broadening, and its polarization state also generating portion changes.After laser radar echo signal is collected by telescope 8, by the radiation of optical filter 9 filtering sky background, again by the first back reflection of 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope b10 and catoptron d17, and through spectroscope b18 light splitting, one road signal is reflected into into photodetector d19, two-way is divided into after another road signal is transmitted to polarization splitting prism b20, the polarization signal vertical with the laser polarization state that single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument sends is reflected into into photodetector e21, the polarization signal identical with the laser polarization state that single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument sends is transmitted to high spectral resolution light filter b22, and received by photodetector f23 after high spectral resolution light filter b22.Photodetector d19, photodetector e21 and photodetector f23 complete the opto-electronic conversion of three channel signals, by the electric signal input data acquisition and processing system b25 after conversion, data acquisition and processing system b25 is by electric signal digitising, and the electric signal after digitizing is carried out to the complementary operation of atmospheric parameter, thus obtain being detected the parameter of air at 1064nm wave band, the parameter transmission that inverting obtains by data acquisition and processing system b25 is to dust-haze classification recognition system 26.
Described 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope a3, beam expander 5, catoptron b6, catoptron c7, telescope 8, optical filter 9,532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope b10 are shared by the polarization high spectral resolution laser being operated in 532nm wave band and the polarization high spectral resolution laser that is operated in 1064nm wave band; Described 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument 1 and 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument 2 can be same laser instruments; When for same laser instrument, this laser instrument or there is the laser head that two are launched 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser and 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser respectively simultaneously, or the laser head of 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser and 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser while that there is one, can be launched; When described 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument 1 and 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument 2 belong to same laser instrument and from same laser head Emission Lasers time, system will not have catoptron a4 and 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope a3.
The splitting ratio of described spectroscope a11 and b18 is not 50%:50%, but transmissivity is much larger than the spectroscope of reflectivity, as 98%:2%.
The laser frequency spectrum width that described 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument 1 and 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument 2 send is not more than 150MHz.
Described high spectral resolution light filter a is iodine molecule absorption filter or the interferometer with high spectral resolution, as Fabry-Paret interferometer or field widening Michelson interferometer; Described high spectral resolution light filter b is the interferometer with high spectral resolution, as Fabry-Perot interferometer or field widening Michelson interferometer.
As shown in Figure 2, dust-haze classification recognition system comprises dust-haze sample library module 29, discriminant function computing module 30 and dust-haze component output module 31.Dust-haze sample library module contains the aerocolloidal optical properties sample set of different classes of gray haze, and wherein the aerocolloidal proper vector of gray haze is
, and
for the aerocolloidal Depolarization Ratio of 532nm wave band gray haze, i.e. the backscattering coefficient of vertical (S) polarization
with the backscattering coefficient of level (P) polarization
ratio;
for the aerocolloidal radar ratio of 532nm wave band gray haze, i.e. gray haze Aerosol Extinction
and backscattering coefficient
ratio;
represent the aerocolloidal scattering color ratio of gray haze, namely gray haze gasoloid is at the backscattering coefficient of 532nm wave band
with the backscattering coefficient at 1064nm wave band
ratio;
represent the aerocolloidal spectrum Depolarization Ratio of gray haze, i.e. gray haze gasoloid Depolarization Ratio on 1064nm wavelength
with Depolarization Ratio on 532nm wavelength
ratio.
Discriminant function computing module is used for aerocolloidal for reality proper vector
proper vector aerocolloidal with the gray haze in dust-haze sample library module
compare differentiation.Described comparison differentiates the correlation parameter adopting the Bayesian Decision method in maximum likelihood parameter estimation mode to estimate sample statistics rule.Suppose that sample can be divided into n classification, then proper vector
belong to
the probability of class is as follows:
， (1)
Wherein,
for proper vector
belong to
the posterior probability of class,
for
the weight of class in Sample Storehouse; Therefore, exist
in all values, proper vector
be attributed to the classification that value is maximum.
Dust-haze component output module, according to the comparative result of discriminant function computing module, is carried out classification to analyzed gray haze and is exported.
Dust-haze sample library in described dust-haze classification recognition system dust-haze sample library module obtains after utilizing illustrated laser radar system to carry out actual measurement to known gray haze, or to obtaining after the data preparation in the existing document delivered.
Embodiment
A laser radar apparatus for dust-haze classification is distinguished in remote sensing, comprises two polarization high spectral resolution laser and a dust-haze classification recognition system.Two polarization high spectral resolution laser are respectively the polarization high spectral resolution laser being operated in 532nm wave band and the polarization high spectral resolution laser being operated in 1064nm wave band.
The polarization high spectral resolution laser of (a) 532nm wave band:
Locking System a27 is by after high spectral resolution light filter a15 frequency locking to 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument 1, the light beam that 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument 1 is launched is through after being expanded by beam expanding lens 5, being transmitted into being detected in air through catoptron a 6 and catoptron b 7 after 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope a3; Be subject to the scattering of atmospheric molecule and particulate, produce laser radar echo signal; This laser radar echo signal is except frequency spectrum has certain broadening, and its polarization state also generating portion changes.After laser radar echo signal is collected by telescope 8, by the radiation of optical filter 9 filtering sky background, again through after 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope 10, through spectroscope a11 light splitting, one road signal is reflected into into photodetector a12, two-way is divided into after another road signal is transmitted to polarization splitting prism a13, the polarization signal vertical with the laser polarization state that single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument sends is reflected into into photodetector b14, the polarization signal identical with the laser polarization state that single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument sends is transmitted to high spectral resolution light filter a15, and received by photodetector c16 after high spectral resolution light filter a15.Photodetector a12, photodetector b14 and photodetector c16 complete the opto-electronic conversion of three channel signals, by the electric signal input data acquisition and processing system a24 after conversion, data acquisition and processing system a24 is by electric signal digitising, and the electric signal after digitizing is carried out to the complementary operation of atmospheric parameter, thus obtain being detected the parameter of air at 532nm wave band, the parameter transmission that inverting obtains by data acquisition and processing system a24 is to dust-haze classification recognition system 26.
Above-mentioned single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument 1 adopts frequency range to be not more than the single longitudinal mode pulsed laser of 150MHz, as injection seeded formula single longitudinal mode pulsed laser, single-longitudinal-mode fiber laser, single longitudinal mode pulsed laser wavelength 532.24nm, the Nd:YAG pulsed laser of such as U.S. Continuum company, adopt injection seeded technology, single pulse energy 300mJ, repetition frequency 10Hz, frequency range 150MHz, P polarization exports;
Above-mentioned 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope 3 adopts general 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope, as the 10QM20HB.12 model two-phase look spectroscope of NEWPORT company.
Above-mentioned beam expanding lens 5 adopts anti-light laser beam expander, the GCO-141602 model beam expanding lens of such as Beijing company of Daheng, and 6 times expand;
Above-mentioned catoptron b6 and catoptron c7 adopts anti-light laser catoptron, such as the GCCH-101062 of Beijing company of Daheng, diameter 25mm;
Above-mentioned telescope 8 can adopt the all-purpose telescopes such as reflective, refraction-reflection type, the 250mm Cassegrain telescope that such as Japanese Takahashi company produces;
The laser radar echo signal received by telescope 8 is expanded to 20mm.
Above-mentioned optical filter 9 is the logical optical filter of band, at 532nm ± 3nm and 1064nm ± 3nm wavelength region, can select interference filter, look for the company that optical coating ability is stronger, as the customization of Beijing company of Daheng;
Above-mentioned 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope 10 adopts general 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope, as the 10QM20HB.12 model two-phase look spectroscope of NEWPORT company.
Above-mentioned spectroscope a11 is the spectroscope of reflectivity lower than transmissivity, the UVBS13-2 model spectroscope of such as NEWPORT company;
Above-mentioned polarization splitting prism a13 is common polarization splitting prism, the 10BC16PC.3 model Amici prism of such as NEWPORT company;
Above-mentioned high spectral resolution light filter a15 can adopt iodine molecule absorption filter or interfere type light filter, as the iodine molecule absorption filter of OPTHOS company of the U.S. or the Fabry-parot interferometer of Thorlabs company;
Above-mentioned photodetector a 12, photodetector b 14 and photodetector c 16 is the photoelectric detector of same type kind, select high-speed response and highly sensitive photodiode, photomultiplier or charge-coupled image sensor (CCD), the R6358 model photomultiplier of such as Japanese Bin Song company;
Above-mentioned data acquisition and processing system a24, adopts the TR20-80 data acquisition system (DAS) of German Licel company and joins customary personal computer, desktop computer or notebook computer;
Above-mentioned Locking System a27, can utilize piezoelectric crystal micro positioner, phase modulator and auxiliary circuit.Piezoelectric crystal can adopt the piezoelectric crystal micro positioner of NEWPORT company NPC3SG model, can carry out X, Y two direction inclination and the translation of axis; Phase modulator can adopt 4001 model phase modulators of NEWPORT company, and maximum frequency is biased 250MHz.
The polarization high spectral resolution laser of (b) 1064nm wave band:
Locking System b28 is by after high spectral resolution light filter b22 frequency locking to 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument 2, the light beam that 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument 2 is launched is after catoptron a4 reflects, reflected by 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope a3 again and after being expanded by beam expanding lens 5, be transmitted into through catoptron b6 and catoptron c7 and be detected in air; Be subject to the scattering of atmospheric molecule and particulate, produce laser radar echo signal; This laser radar echo signal is except frequency spectrum has certain broadening, and its polarization state also generating portion changes.After laser radar echo signal is collected by telescope 8, by the radiation of optical filter 9 filtering sky background, again by the first back reflection of 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope b10 and catoptron d17, and through spectroscope b18 light splitting, one road signal is reflected into into photodetector d19, two-way is divided into after another road signal is transmitted to polarization splitting prism b20, the polarization signal vertical with the laser polarization state that single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument sends is reflected into into photodetector e21, the polarization signal identical with the laser polarization state that single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument sends is transmitted to high spectral resolution light filter b22, and received by photodetector f23 after high spectral resolution light filter b22.Photodetector d19, photodetector e21 and photodetector f23 complete the opto-electronic conversion of three channel signals, by the electric signal input data acquisition and processing system b25 after conversion, data acquisition and processing system b25 is by electric signal digitising, and the electric signal after digitizing is carried out to the complementary operation of atmospheric parameter, thus obtain being detected the parameter of air at 1064nm wave band, the parameter transmission that inverting obtains by data acquisition and processing system b25 is to dust-haze classification recognition system 26.
Above-mentioned single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument 2 adopts frequency range to be not more than the single longitudinal mode pulsed laser of 150MHz, as injection seeded formula single longitudinal mode pulsed laser, single-longitudinal-mode fiber laser, single longitudinal mode pulsed laser wavelength 1064.48nm, the Nd:YAG pulsed laser of such as U.S. Continuum company, adopt injection seeded technology, single pulse energy 600mJ, repetition frequency 10Hz, frequency range 150MHz, P polarization exports;
Above-mentioned catoptron a3 adopts the anti-light laser catoptron of 1064nm, the such as 10QM20HM.10 of NEWPORT company, diameter 25.4mm;
Above-mentioned 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope 3, beam expanding lens 5, catoptron b6, catoptron c7, telescope 8, optical filter 9,532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope 10 share with the polarization high spectral resolution laser of 532nm wave band;
The laser radar echo signal received by telescope 8 is expanded to 20mm.
Above-mentioned catoptron d17 adopts 1064nm normal mirror, as the GCC101062 model catoptron of Beijing company of Daheng;
Above-mentioned spectroscope b18 is the spectroscope of reflectivity lower than transmissivity, the UVBS13-4 model spectroscope of such as NEWPORT company;
Above-mentioned polarization splitting prism b20 is common polarization splitting prism, the 10BC16PC.9 model Amici prism of such as NEWPORT company;
Above-mentioned high spectral resolution light filter b22 can adopt interfere type light filter, as Fabry-parot interferometer or the field widening Michelson interferometer light filter developed voluntarily of Thorlabs company of the U.S..As shown in Figure 3, the described field widening Michelson interferometer light filter developed voluntarily comprises Amici prism c32, mixing arm glass 33, mixing arm air-gap 34, mixing arm catoptron 35, glass arm glass 36 and glass arm reflectance coating 37 to the field widening Michelson interferometer structure of the light filter schematic diagram developed voluntarily; Mixing arm air-gap 34 is provided with between mixing arm catoptron 35 and mixing arm glass 33.Mixing arm glass 32 and glass arm glass 36 be arranged on Amici prism c32 light splitting surface both sides and on adjacent right-angle side.Glass arm glass 36 is coated with glass arm reflectance coating 37 away from one end of Amici prism c32.
Polarization signal after polarization splitting prism b20 is divided into two-way by Amici prism c32, the interference arm a of one road signal by being made up of glass arm glass 36 and glass arm reflectance coating 37, and after being reflected by the glass arm reflectance coating 37 of interfering arm a away from Amici prism end, be split prism c32 light splitting reflex to exit end again; The interference arm b of another road signal successively by being made up of mixing arm glass 33, mixing arm air-gap 34 and mixing arm catoptron 35, and reflected by the mixing arm catoptron 35 of interfering arm b away from Amici prism end, and the reflection former road of signal, Hou Gai road returns, be split prism c32 light splitting be transmitted through exit end again; Received by photodetector f23 after exit end produces interference through the two paths of signals of interfering arm a and interfere arm b to return.
Above-mentioned Amici prism c32 can adopt common Amici prism, as NEWPORT company 10FC16PB.3 model Amici prism, and bore 25.4mm;
Above-mentioned mixing arm catoptron 35 adopts normal mirror, such as the GCC-101043 of Beijing company of Daheng, diameter 38.1mm;
Above-mentioned mixing arm glass 33 and the material of glass arm glass 36 and size, and the size of mixing arm air-gap 34, obtain by following steps:
1. establish
,
,
,
be respectively Amici prism 32, glass arm glass 36, mixing arm glass 33 and mixing arm air-gap 34 refractive index,
for the pitch angle of light,
,
,
,
for the refraction angle in Amici prism 32, glass arm glass 36, mixing arm glass 33 and mixing arm air-gap 34,
,
,
,
be respectively the thickness of Amici prism 32, glass arm glass 36, mixing arm glass 33 and mixing arm air-gap 34.Optical path difference then based on field widening Michelson interferometer light filter 22 is
。(2)
By formula after the change of snell formula, the expression formula that can obtain optical path difference is
。(3)
If
, because the pitch angle at incident light center is very little, therefore by above formula pair
launch, can obtain
(4)
Wherein
(5)
(6)
2., in order to make optical path difference less with the change of incident angle, should make in formula (4)
the coefficient of item is 0, can obtain field-compensation condition:
(7)
3. the constant term of formula (4) differentiated to temperature and make this derivative be zero, even in formula (4)
be 0 to temperature differentiate, can obtain
。(8)
4. simultaneous equations (7) and (8), obtain the system of equations of the size of a refractive index about mixing arm glass 33 and glass arm glass 36, thermal expansivity, size and mixing arm air-gap 34;
5. select suitable Free Spectral Range, as 1GHz according to atmospheric molecule Rayleigh scattering spectrum width under detected wavelength and working temperature;
6. travel through each glass material in glass sample storehouse, and test one by one, obtain a series of combination substantially meeting system of equations;
7. therefrom choose field angle more than 4 degree, temperature variation within ± 1 degree Celsius time this light filter two interfere the optical path difference variable quantity of arm to be no more than the combination of 1/10 wavelength.
For 1064.48nm ± 3nm, theoretical work temperature is 20 degree, light filter tilt 1.5 ° when, can fetch data as mixing arm glass 33 material is N-KF9, length is 87.787mm, and wide and height is all 25.4mm; The length of mixing arm air-gap 34 is 15.662mm; The material of glass arm glass 36 is N-SF66, and length is 150.231mm, and wide and height is all 25.4mm.
Above-mentioned glass arm reflectance coating 37 adds industrial and commercial direct plating in one end away from Amici prism c32 of glass arm glass 36 by glass arm glass 36;
Above-mentioned photodetector d 19, photodetector e 21 and photodetector f 23 is the photoelectric detector of same type kind, select high-speed response and highly sensitive photodiode, photomultiplier or charge-coupled image sensor (CCD), the R5509-42 model photomultiplier of such as Japanese Bin Song company;
Above-mentioned data acquisition and processing system b25, can adopt the TR20-80 data acquisition system (DAS) of German Licel company and join customary personal computer, desktop computer or notebook computer;
Above-mentioned Locking System b28, can utilize piezoelectric crystal micro positioner, phase modulator and auxiliary circuit.Piezoelectric crystal can adopt the piezoelectric crystal micro positioner of NEWPORT company NPC3SG model, can carry out X, Y two direction inclination and the translation of axis; Phase modulator can adopt 4003 model phase modulators of NEWPORT company, and maximum frequency is biased 250MHz.
(c) dust-haze classification recognition system:
Dust-haze classification recognition system 26 comprises dust-haze sample library module 29, discriminant function computing module 30 and dust-haze component output module 31.
Dust-haze sample library module contains the aerocolloidal optical properties sample set of different classes of gray haze, and wherein the aerocolloidal proper vector of gray haze is
, and
for the aerocolloidal Depolarization Ratio of 532nm wave band gray haze, i.e. the backscattering coefficient of vertical (S) polarization
with the backscattering coefficient of level (P) polarization
ratio;
for the aerocolloidal radar ratio of 532nm wave band gray haze, i.e. gray haze Aerosol Extinction
and backscattering coefficient
ratio;
represent the aerocolloidal scattering color ratio of gray haze, namely gray haze gasoloid is at the backscattering coefficient of 532nm wave band
with the backscattering coefficient at 1064nm wave band
ratio;
represent the aerocolloidal spectrum Depolarization Ratio of gray haze, i.e. gray haze gasoloid Depolarization Ratio on 1064nm wavelength
with Depolarization Ratio on 532nm wavelength
ratio.Gasoloid is divided into following 8 classes: ice crystals, pure dust, dust mixture, marine aerosol, marine pollutant, aerosols from major cities, biological combustion aerosol, fresh flue dust.By carrying out the test experiments of dual wavelength HSRL to a large amount of known sample, obtain the statistical distribution of above-mentioned characteristic quantity, set up gray haze sample database.Partial data represents in graph form as shown in Fig. 4 (a) He Fig. 4 (b).
Discriminant function computing module is used for aerocolloidal for reality proper vector
proper vector aerocolloidal with the gray haze in dust-haze sample library module
compare differentiation.According to Sample Storehouse, adopt the mode of maximum likelihood parameter estimation, estimate the correlation parameter of sample statistics rule.Here Bayesian Decision method is adopted.Owing to supposing that sample can be divided into 8 classifications, then proper vectors
belong to
the probability of class is
(9)
So,
in all possible value, the value of which classification is maximum, then can will be somebody's turn to do
just which kind of is attributed to.Denominator due to formula (9) is all identical in each classification, so last decision function is directly determined by molecule, namely
(10)
Obviously, if decision rule is
, then
.
Suppose posterior probability
normal distribution can be approximately, namely
， (11)
Wherein,
be 4 dimensional vectors,
be
4 dimension mean vectors of class,
?
class
dimension covariance matrix,
be
inverse matrix, and to be defined as
.For prior probability
estimation, only need to calculate the shared ratio of Different categories of samples wherein according to great amount of samples, suppose that the probability that every class occurs is all equal here, namely
, decision function at this moment just directly can simplify an accepted way of doing sth (11).And for all kinds of posterior probability, then can determine according to parameter estimation in theory of probability (as maximal possibility estimation).As long as these process samples are abundant, all easily complete.The partial parameters that Sample Storehouse in this example according to Fig. 4 calculates is respectively:
Ice crystals:
Pure dust:
Dust mixture:
Marine aerosol:
Etc..Because quantity is more, do not enumerate herein.
By parameter obtained above, substitute into formula (11) and just can obtain concrete discriminant function.Then the discriminant function will the proper vector differentiated being needed to input each class, obtains a probability distribution value.Finally compare the probable value exported with which kind of discriminant function maximum, then just this gasoloid to be measured is grouped in this class and goes.Such as we by the result of following a few stack features vector test are:
A) feature vector, X 1=[0.6 25 1 0.5]
tthe probability belonging to each class is respectively:
| Type | Ice crystals | Pure dust | Dust mixture | Marine aerosol | Marine pollutant | Aerosols from major cities | Biological combustion aerosol | Fresh flue dust |
| Probability (* 10-3) | 0.8404 | 0.0021 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 |
B) feature vector, X 2=[0.2 45 2.4 1]
tthe probability belonging to each class is respectively:
| Type | Ice crystals | Pure dust | Dust mixture | Marine aerosol | Marine pollutant | Aerosols from major cities | Biological combustion aerosol | Fresh flue dust |
| Probability (* 10-3) | 0.0000 | 0.0037 | 0. 3047 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 |
C) feature vector, X 3=[0.05 10 1.6 0.5]
tthe probability belonging to each class is respectively:
| Type | Ice crystals | Pure dust | Dust mixture | Marine aerosol | Marine pollutant | Aerosols from major cities | Biological combustion aerosol | Fresh flue dust |
| Probability (* 10-3) | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | 0.2910 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 |
Dust-haze component output module, according to the comparative result of discriminant function computing module, is carried out classification to analyzed gray haze and is exported:
A) feature vector, X 1=[0.6 25 1 0.5]
tgeneric is: ice crystals
B) feature vector, X 2=[0.2 45 2.4 1]
tgeneric is: dust mixture
C) feature vector, X 3=[0.05 10 1.6 0.5]
tgeneric is: marine aerosol.
Claims (7)
1. a laser radar apparatus for dust-haze classification is distinguished in remote sensing, it is characterized in that comprising two polarization high spectral resolution laser and a dust-haze classification recognition system; Two polarization high spectral resolution laser are respectively the polarization high spectral resolution laser being operated in 532nm wave band and the polarization high spectral resolution laser being operated in 1064nm wave band;
The polarization high spectral resolution laser being operated in 532nm wave band comprises emission coefficient a, receiving system a, Locking System a, data acquisition and processing system a, emission coefficient a comprises 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument, 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope a, beam expander, catoptron b and catoptron c, receiving system a comprises telescope, optical filter, 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope b, spectroscope a, photodetector a, polarization splitting prism a, photodetector b, high spectral resolution light filter a, photodetector c, Locking System a is by after high spectral resolution light filter a frequency locking to 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument, the light beam that 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument is launched is through after being expanded by beam expanding lens, being transmitted into being detected in air through catoptron b and catoptron c after 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope a, be subject to the scattering of atmospheric molecule and particulate, produce laser radar echo signal, after laser radar echo signal is collected by telescope, by the radiation of optical filter filtering sky background, again through after 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope b, through spectroscope a light splitting, one road signal is reflected into into photodetector a, two-way is divided into after another road signal is transmitted to polarization splitting prism a, the polarization signal vertical with the laser polarization state that single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument sends is reflected into into photodetector b, the polarization signal identical with the laser polarization state that single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument sends is transmitted to high spectral resolution light filter a, and received by photodetector c after high spectral resolution light filter a, photodetector a, photodetector b and photodetector c complete the opto-electronic conversion of three channel signals, by the electric signal input data acquisition and processing system a after conversion, data acquisition and processing system a is by electric signal digitising, and the electric signal after digitizing is carried out to the complementary operation of atmospheric parameter, thus obtain being detected the parameter of air at 532nm wave band, the parameter transmission that inverting obtains by data acquisition and processing system a is to dust-haze classification recognition system,
The polarization high spectral resolution laser being operated in 1064nm wave band comprises emission coefficient b, receiving system b, Locking System b, data acquisition and processing system b, emission coefficient b comprises 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument, catoptron a, 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope a, beam expander, catoptron b and catoptron c, receiving system b comprises telescope, optical filter, 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope b, catoptron d, spectroscope b, photodetector d, polarization splitting prism b, photodetector e, high spectral resolution light filter b, photodetector f, Locking System b is by after high spectral resolution light filter b frequency locking to 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument, the light beam that 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument is launched is after catoptron a reflects, reflected by 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope a again and after being expanded by beam expanding lens, be transmitted into through catoptron b6 and catoptron c and be detected in air, be subject to the scattering of atmospheric molecule and particulate, produce laser radar echo signal, after laser radar echo signal is collected by telescope, by the radiation of optical filter filtering sky background, again by the first back reflection of 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope b and catoptron d, and through spectroscope b light splitting, one road signal is reflected into into photodetector d, two-way is divided into after another road signal is transmitted to polarization splitting prism b, the polarization signal vertical with the laser polarization state that single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument sends is reflected into into photodetector e, the polarization signal identical with the laser polarization state that single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument sends is transmitted to high spectral resolution light filter b, and received by photodetector f after high spectral resolution light filter b, photodetector d, photodetector e and photodetector f complete the opto-electronic conversion of three channel signals, by the electric signal input data acquisition and processing system b after conversion, data acquisition and processing system b is by electric signal digitising, and the electric signal after digitizing is carried out to the complementary operation of atmospheric parameter, thus obtain being detected the parameter of air at 1064nm wave band, the parameter transmission that inverting obtains by data acquisition and processing system b is to dust-haze classification recognition system.
2. the laser radar apparatus of dust-haze classification is distinguished in a kind of remote sensing as shown in claim 1, it is characterized in that described 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope a, beam expander, catoptron b, catoptron c, telescope, optical filter, 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope b are shared by the polarization high spectral resolution laser being operated in 532nm wave band and the polarization high spectral resolution laser that is operated in 1064nm wave band; Described 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument and 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument can be same laser instruments; When for same laser instrument, this laser instrument or there is the laser head that two are launched 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser and 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser respectively simultaneously, or the laser head of 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser and 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser while that there is one, can be launched; When described 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument and 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument belong to same laser instrument and from same laser head Emission Lasers time, system will omit catoptron a and 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope a.
3. the laser radar apparatus of dust-haze classification is distinguished in a kind of remote sensing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described dust-haze classification recognition system comprises dust-haze sample library module, discriminant function computing module and dust-haze component output module; Dust-haze sample library module contains the aerocolloidal optical properties sample set of different classes of gray haze, and wherein the aerocolloidal proper vector of gray haze is X=[δ
as
ac
ar
a]
t, and δ
a=β
a ⊥/ β
a ‖for the aerocolloidal Depolarization Ratio of 532nm wave band gray haze, i.e. the backscattering coefficient β of vertical (S) polarization
a ⊥with the backscattering coefficient β of level (P) polarization
a ‖ratio; S
a=α
a/ β
afor the aerocolloidal radar ratio of 532nm wave band gray haze, i.e. gray haze Aerosol Extinction α
awith backscattering coefficient β
aratio;
represent the aerocolloidal scattering color ratio of gray haze, namely gray haze gasoloid is at the backscattering coefficient of 532nm wave band
with the backscattering coefficient at 1064nm wave band
ratio; R
a=δ
1064/ δ
532represent the aerocolloidal spectrum Depolarization Ratio of gray haze, i.e. gray haze gasoloid Depolarization Ratio δ on 1064nm wavelength
1064with Depolarization Ratio δ on 532nm wavelength
532ratio.
4. the laser radar apparatus of dust-haze classification is distinguished in a kind of remote sensing as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that described discriminant function computing module is for by aerocolloidal for reality feature vector, X
d=[δ
as
ac
ar
a]
d twith the aerocolloidal feature vector, X=[δ of the gray haze in dust-haze sample library module
as
ac
ar
a]
tcompare differentiation; Described comparison differentiates the correlation parameter adopting the Bayesian Decision method in maximum likelihood parameter estimation mode to estimate sample statistics rule; Assuming that sample is divided into n classification, then proper vector x belongs to ω
ithe probability of class is as follows:
Wherein, P (x| ω
i) belong to ω for proper vector x
ithe posterior probability of class, P (ω
i) be ω
ithe weight of class in Sample Storehouse; Therefore, at P (ω
i| x) in all values, proper vector x is attributed to the maximum classification of value;
Dust-haze component output module, according to the comparative result of discriminant function computing module, is carried out classification to analyzed gray haze and is exported.
5. the laser radar apparatus of dust-haze classification is distinguished in a kind of remote sensing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the laser frequency spectrum width that described 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument and 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument send is not more than 150MHz.
6. the laser radar apparatus of dust-haze classification is distinguished in a kind of remote sensing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described high spectral resolution light filter a is iodine molecule absorption filter or the interferometer with high spectral resolution; Described high spectral resolution light filter b is the interferometer with high spectral resolution.
7. the laser radar apparatus of dust-haze classification is distinguished in a kind of remote sensing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described high spectral resolution light filter a is identical with high spectral resolution light filter b structure, comprise Amici prism c, mixing arm glass, mixing arm air-gap, mixing arm catoptron, glass arm glass and glass arm reflectance coating; Mixing arm air-gap is provided with between mixing arm catoptron and mixing arm glass, mixing arm glass and glass arm glass are arranged on the light splitting surface both sides of Amici prism c and on adjacent right-angle side, glass arm glass is coated with glass arm reflectance coating away from one end of Amici prism c; Polarization signal after polarization splitting prism b is divided into two-way by Amici prism c, the interference arm a of one road signal by being made up of glass arm glass and glass arm reflectance coating, and by interference arm a away from after the glass arm reflecting film reflects of Amici prism end, be split prism c light splitting reflex to exit end again; The interference arm b of another road signal successively by being made up of mixing arm glass, mixing arm air-gap and mixing arm catoptron, and reflected by the mixing arm catoptron of interfering arm b away from Amici prism end, and the reflection former road of signal, Hou Gai road returns, be split prism c light splitting be transmitted through exit end again; Received by photodetector f after exit end produces interference through the two paths of signals of interfering arm a and interfere arm b to return.
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| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C53 | Correction of patent for invention or patent application | ||
| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information |
Inventor after: Liu Dong Inventor after: Yang Dongying Inventor after: Cheng Zhongtao Inventor after: Li Lu Inventor before: Liu Dong Inventor before: Yang Dongying Inventor before: Cheng Zhongtao |
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| COR | Change of bibliographic data |
Free format text: CORRECT: INVENTOR; FROM: LIU DONG YANG YONGYING CHENG ZHONGTAO TO: LIU DONG YANG YONGYING CHENG ZHONGTAO LI LU |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |