CN103344964A - Laser radar device for distinguishing dust-haze classifications in remote sensing mode - Google Patents
Laser radar device for distinguishing dust-haze classifications in remote sensing mode Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a laser radar device for distinguishing dust-haze classifications in a remote sensing mode. The laser radar device comprises two polarization high spectral resolution laser radar systems and a dust-haze classification recognition system. The two polarization high spectral resolution laser radar systems work on a 532nm wave band and a 1064nm wave band respectively. Each polarization high spectral resolution laser radar system comprises a transmitting system, a receiving system, a frequency locking system and a data collecting and processing system. The dust-haze classification recognition system comprises a dust-haze sample library module, a discrimination function calculation module and a dust-haze component output module. The laser radar device is matched with the dust-haze component recognition method which is based on pattern recognition, and therefore high-precision remote sensing of the dust-haze classifications can be performed without placing the laser radar device into dust-haze.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the laser radar technique field, particularly relate to the laser radar apparatus that the gray haze classification is distinguished in a kind of remote sensing.
Background technology
Mist belongs to aerosol systems, is the visible aggregate that is suspended in the ground proximity atmosphere a large amount of fine water droplets (or ice crystal), is mainly that water in air vapour reaches or approaches after saturated and condenses and form on the nucleus of condensation.And haze claims again gray haze, also belong to aerosol systems, be to be suspended in a large amount of small dusts in atmosphere, the aggregate of soot or salt grain, the particle that forms haze is minimum, can not with the naked eye differentiate.On meteorology, think, relative humidity is greater than 90%, and horizontal visibility is less than 1km and the On The Deterioration of Visibility Over that causes is mist; When relative humidity is less than 80%, when being less than 10km, horizontal visibility thinks haze; Relative humidity between 80%～90% the time the fuzzy visibility caused in the muddy visual field of atmosphere to worsen be that mist and haze potpourri cause jointly, but think that its principal ingredient is haze.
Due to the rapid expansion of economic scale and the quickening of urbanization process, current gray haze has not been a kind of spontaneous phenomenon completely.A large amount of gasoloids of anthropogenic discharge have made the air quality severe exacerbation, and atmospheric pollution is increasingly serious.Healthy, the mental health of gray haze to people, and there is very important impact the aspects such as traffic safety and regional climate.Own through becoming the important form of atmospheric pollution in China's gray haze, become the subject matter that the many cities of China face.According to the research to China big city gasoloid optical extinction coefficient and lung cancer mortality relation over more than 50 years, find the rule of " lung cancer mortality obviously increases during after haze weather increases 7 ~ 8 years ".Simultaneously, gray haze can reduce visibility, affects urban look and normal traffic order, and can absorb sun power, affects the balance between revenue and expenditure of terrestrial radiation, and then has influence on global climate.
The method of measurement gray haze at present commonly used is to carry out analytical test after with sampling thief or film, particle being collected.Although, yet these off-line analysis means can be carried out comprehensively sample, analyze exactly, waste time and energy and chemical composition easily is damaged and can't really reacts original aerocolloidal feature.The real-time online measuring technology particle diameter of analyse atmos aerosol component and particle continuously forms, and the particle diameter that comparatively intactly obtains chemistry of particles composition and particle forms, as individual particle aerosol mass spectrometry technology etc.The in situ detection analytical instrument such as the difference of moisture absorption tandem in addition, mobility analyser (HTDMA), optical cavity ring-down spectrometer (CRDS) and nephelometer (Nephelometer) also are used to the detection of aerosol chemistry classification, hydroscopicity and optical property etc.But above these detection methods or instrument only can carry out the single-point sampling in limited area, instrument must be placed in to tested gasoloid environment, so just greatly limited its application.If want, for interior on a large scale gray haze situation, detected, the laser radar remote sensing technology is good a selection.But current existing laser radar system is not for detecting gray haze, to develop specially, just gray haze is treated as common aerosol, surveys simply some aerocolloidal common optical parametrics.
And what the laser radar system that gray haze is surveyed of having delivered at present adopted is all common back scattering laser radars.Due in atmospheric exploration, the Rayleigh scattering signal that the atmospheric backscatter light that laser radar receives has comprised atmospheric molecule and the Mie scattering signal of particulate.Common back scattering laser radar can't be distinguished the gentle Mie scattering signal of Rayleigh scattering signal when carrying out data reconstruction, needs artificial hypothesis to be detected the Lidar Ratios of atmospheric aerosol, just can not reach high precision in theory.And the high spectral resolution lidar utilization has the light filter of high spectral resolution, separate Mie scattering and Rayleigh Scattering Spectra from atmospheric scattering, and then be finally inversed by atmospheric parameter.Due to without the hypothesis Lidar Ratios, high spectral resolution lidar can obtain than common back scattering laser radar high precision more.
In addition, the report that utilizes laser radar to be surveyed gray haze that these have been delivered, be only to have surveyed gray haze as aerocolloidal basic optical parameter, and as extinction coefficient and Depolarization Ratio etc., and classification that can't gray haze is carried out automatic discrimination.Simultaneously, nearly all report is substantially all to utilize the laser radar that is operated in a wavelength to be surveyed.And gray haze is as gasoloid, its optical characteristics on different wave length is different, utilizes the characteristic on multi-wavelength to be differentiated it, can obtain higher precision.
Set up a kind of gray haze remote sensing system and gray haze classification remote sensing technique based on high spectral resolution lidar, can among being in gray haze, can carry out detected with high accuracy to the gray haze classification, all have very important significance for people's life, social production, earth environment etc.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, propose a kind of remote sensing and distinguished the laser radar apparatus of gray haze classification, the present invention is based on high spectral resolution lidar, in conjunction with gray haze analysis and distinguishing method, can carry out detected with high accuracy to the gray haze classification.
The present invention includes two polarization high spectral resolution lidar systems and a gray haze classification recognition system.Two polarization high spectral resolution lidar systems are respectively the polarization high spectral resolution lidar system that is operated in the 532nm wave band and the polarization high spectral resolution lidar system that is operated in the 1064nm wave band.
The polarization high spectral resolution lidar system that is operated in the 532nm wave band comprises emission coefficient a, receiving system a, Locking System a, data acquisition and processing system a.Emission coefficient a comprises 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument, 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope a, beam expander, catoptron b and catoptron b; Receiving system a comprises telescope, optical filter, 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope b, spectroscope a, photodetector a, polarization splitting prism a, photodetector b, high spectral resolution light filter a, photodetector c.Locking System a by high spectral resolution light filter a frequency locking to 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument, after the light beam of 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument emission sees through 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope a and after being expanded by beam expanding lens, process catoptron a and catoptron b are transmitted into and are detected in atmosphere; Be subject to the scattering of atmospheric molecule and particulate, produce the laser radar echo signal; This laser radar echo signal is except frequency spectrum has certain broadening, and its polarization state part also occurs and changes.After the laser radar echo signal is collected by telescope, by the radiation of optical filter filtering sky background, after seeing through 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope again, through spectroscope a light splitting, one road signal is reflected and enters photodetector a, after being transmitted to polarization splitting prism a, another road signal is divided into two-way, the polarization signal that the laser polarization state sent with single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument is vertical is reflected and enters photodetector b, the polarization signal that the laser polarization state sent with single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument is identical is transmitted to high spectral resolution light filter a, and by photodetector c, received after high spectral resolution light filter a.Photodetector a, photodetector b and photodetector c complete the opto-electronic conversion of three channel signals, by the input of the electric signal after conversion data acquisition and processing system a, data acquisition and processing system a is by the electric signal digitizing, and the electric signal after digitizing is carried out to the complementary operation of atmospheric parameter, thereby obtain being detected the parameter of atmosphere at the 532nm wave band, the parameter that data acquisition and processing system a obtains inverting is transferred to gray haze classification recognition system.
The polarization high spectral resolution lidar system that is operated in the 1064nm wave band comprises emission coefficient b, receiving system b, Locking System b, data acquisition and processing system b.Emission coefficient b comprises 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument, catoptron a, 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope a, beam expander, catoptron b6 and catoptron c; Receiving system b comprises telescope, optical filter, 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope b, catoptron d, spectroscope b, photodetector d, polarization splitting prism b, photodetector e, high spectral resolution light filter b, photodetector f.Locking System b by high spectral resolution light filter b frequency locking to 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument, the light beam of 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument emission is after catoptron a reflection, after 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope a reflection being expanded by beam expanding lens again, process catoptron b and catoptron c are transmitted into and are detected in atmosphere; Be subject to the scattering of atmospheric molecule and particulate, produce the laser radar echo signal; This laser radar echo signal is except frequency spectrum has certain broadening, and its polarization state part also occurs and changes.After the laser radar echo signal is collected by telescope, by the radiation of optical filter filtering sky background, again by 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope b and the first back reflection of catoptron d, and through spectroscope b light splitting, one road signal is reflected and enters photodetector d, after being transmitted to polarization splitting prism b, another road signal is divided into two-way, the polarization signal that the laser polarization state sent with single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument is vertical is reflected and enters photodetector e, the polarization signal that the laser polarization state sent with single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument is identical is transmitted to high spectral resolution light filter b, and by photodetector f, received after high spectral resolution light filter b.Photodetector d, photodetector e and photodetector f complete the opto-electronic conversion of three channel signals, by the input of the electric signal after conversion data acquisition and processing system b, data acquisition and processing system b is by the electric signal digitizing, and the electric signal after digitizing is carried out to the complementary operation of atmospheric parameter, thereby obtain being detected the parameter of atmosphere at the 1064nm wave band, the parameter that data acquisition and processing system b obtains inverting is transferred to gray haze classification recognition system.
Described 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope a, beam expander, catoptron b6, catoptron c, telescope, optical filter, 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope b are shared by the polarization high spectral resolution lidar system that is operated in the 532nm wave band and the polarization high spectral resolution lidar system that is operated in the 1064nm wave band; Described 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument and 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument can be same laser instruments; When being same laser instrument, this laser instrument or simultaneously there are two laser heads of launching respectively 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser and 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser, or there is a while and can launch the laser head of 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser and 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser; When described 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument with 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument belongs to same laser instrument and during from same laser head Emission Lasers, system will not have catoptron a and 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope a.
The splitting ratio of described spectroscope a and b18 is not 50%:50%, but transmissivity is much larger than the spectroscope of reflectivity, as 98%:2%.
The laser frequency spectrum width that described 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument and 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument send is not more than 150MHz.
Described high spectral resolution light filter a is iodine molecule absorption filter or the interferometer with high spectral resolution, as Fabry-Paret interferometer or field widening Michelson interferometer; Described high spectral resolution light filter b is the interferometer with high spectral resolution, as Fabry-Perot interferometer or field widening Michelson interferometer.
Gray haze classification recognition system comprises gray haze Sample Storehouse module, discriminant function computing module and gray haze composition output module.Gray haze Sample Storehouse module contains the aerocolloidal optical properties sample set of different classes of gray haze, and wherein the aerocolloidal proper vector of gray haze is
, and
for the aerocolloidal Depolarization Ratio of 532nm wave band gray haze, i.e. the backscattering coefficient of vertical (S) polarization
and the backscattering coefficient of level (P) polarization
the ratio;
for the aerocolloidal radar ratio of 532nm wave band gray haze, i.e. gray haze Aerosol Extinction
and backscattering coefficient
the ratio;
mean the aerocolloidal scattering color ratio of gray haze, the gray haze gasoloid is at the backscattering coefficient of 532nm wave band
with the backscattering coefficient at the 1064nm wave band
the ratio;
mean the aerocolloidal spectrum Depolarization Ratio of gray haze, i.e. gray haze gasoloid Depolarization Ratio on the 1064nm wavelength
with Depolarization Ratio on the 532nm wavelength
ratio.
The discriminant function computing module is used for the aerocolloidal proper vector of reality
with the aerocolloidal proper vector of gray haze in gray haze Sample Storehouse module
compare differentiation.The described Bayesian Decision method of relatively differentiating in employing maximum likelihood parameter estimation mode estimates the correlation parameter of sample statistics rule.Suppose that sample can be divided into n classification, proper vector
belong to
the probability of class is as follows:
， (1)
Wherein,
for proper vector
belong to
the posterior probability of class,
for
the weight of class in Sample Storehouse; Therefore, exist
in all values, proper vector
the classification that is attributed to the value maximum.
Gray haze composition output module is according to the comparative result of discriminant function computing module, to the output of classifying of analyzed gray haze.
Gray haze Sample Storehouse in described gray haze classification recognition system gray haze Sample Storehouse module utilizes laser radar system shown in the present to carry out obtaining after actual measurement to known gray haze, or to obtaining after the data preparation in the existing document of delivering.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
The present invention adopts two polarization high spectral resolution lidar systems that are operated in respectively 532nm wave band and 1064nm wave band, coordinates the gray haze classification recognition methods based on pattern-recognition, without among gray haze, carrying out high precision remote sensing to the kind of gray haze.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is gray haze classification recognition system schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is field widening Michelson interferometer structure of the light filter schematic diagram when in the embodiment of the present invention, high spectral resolution light filter b22 adopts field widening Michelson interferometer light filter;
Fig. 4 (a) is gray haze sample database partial data diagrammatic representation figure in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 (b) is gray haze sample database partial data diagrammatic representation figure in the embodiment of the present invention;
In figure, 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument 1, 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument 2, 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope a3, catoptron a4, beam expander 5, catoptron b 6, catoptron c7, telescope 8, optical filter 9, 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope b10, spectroscope a11, photodetector a12, polarization splitting prism a13, photodetector b14, high spectral resolution light filter a15, photodetector c16, catoptron d17, spectroscope b18, photodetector d19, polarization splitting prism b20, photodetector e21, high spectral resolution light filter b22, photodetector f23, data acquisition and processing system a24, data acquisition and processing system b25, gray haze classification recognition system 26, Locking System a27, Locking System b28, gray haze Sample Storehouse module 29, discriminant function computing module 30, gray haze composition output module 31, Amici prism c32, mix arm glass 33, mix arm air-gap 34, mix arm catoptron 35, glass arm glass 36 and glass arm reflectance coating 37.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described
.
As shown in Figure 1, the laser radar apparatus of gray haze classification is distinguished in a kind of remote sensing, comprises two polarization high spectral resolution lidar systems and a gray haze classification recognition system.Two polarization high spectral resolution lidar systems are respectively the polarization high spectral resolution lidar system that is operated in the 532nm wave band and the polarization high spectral resolution lidar system that is operated in the 1064nm wave band.
The polarization high spectral resolution lidar system that is operated in the 532nm wave band comprises emission coefficient a, receiving system a, Locking System a27, data acquisition and processing system a24.Emission coefficient a comprises 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument 1,532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope a3, beam expander 5, catoptron b6 and catoptron b7; Receiving system a comprises telescope 8, optical filter 9,532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope b10, spectroscope a11, photodetector a12, polarization splitting prism a13, photodetector b14, high spectral resolution light filter a15, photodetector c16.Locking System a27 by high spectral resolution light filter a15 frequency locking to 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument 1, after the light beam of 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument 1 emission sees through 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope a3 and after being expanded by beam expanding lens 5, process catoptron a 6 and catoptron b 7 are transmitted into and are detected in atmosphere; Be subject to the scattering of atmospheric molecule and particulate, produce the laser radar echo signal; This laser radar echo signal is except frequency spectrum has certain broadening, and its polarization state part also occurs and changes.After the laser radar echo signal is collected by telescope 8, by optical filter 9 filtering sky background radiation, after seeing through 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope 10 again, through spectroscope a11 light splitting, one road signal is reflected and enters photodetector a12, after being transmitted to polarization splitting prism a13, another road signal is divided into two-way, the polarization signal that the laser polarization state sent with single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument is vertical is reflected and enters photodetector b14, the polarization signal that the laser polarization state sent with single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument is identical is transmitted to high spectral resolution light filter a15, and by photodetector c16, received after high spectral resolution light filter a15.Photodetector a12, photodetector b14 and photodetector c16 complete the opto-electronic conversion of three channel signals, by the input of the electric signal after conversion data acquisition and processing system a24, data acquisition and processing system a24 is by the electric signal digitizing, and the electric signal after digitizing is carried out to the complementary operation of atmospheric parameter, thereby obtain being detected the parameter of atmosphere at the 532nm wave band, the parameter that data acquisition and processing system a24 obtains inverting is transferred to gray haze classification recognition system 26.
The polarization high spectral resolution lidar system that is operated in the 1064nm wave band comprises emission coefficient b, receiving system b, Locking System b28, data acquisition and processing system b25.Emission coefficient b comprises 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument 2, catoptron a4,532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope a3, beam expander 5, catoptron b6 and catoptron c7; Receiving system b comprises telescope 8, optical filter 9,532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope b10, catoptron d17, spectroscope b18, photodetector d19, polarization splitting prism b20, photodetector e21, high spectral resolution light filter b22, photodetector f23.Locking System b28 by high spectral resolution light filter b22 frequency locking to 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument 2, the light beam of 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument 2 emissions is after catoptron a4 reflection, after 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope a3 reflection being expanded by beam expanding lens 5 again, process catoptron b6 and catoptron c7 are transmitted into and are detected in atmosphere; Be subject to the scattering of atmospheric molecule and particulate, produce the laser radar echo signal; This laser radar echo signal is except frequency spectrum has certain broadening, and its polarization state part also occurs and changes.After the laser radar echo signal is collected by telescope 8, by optical filter 9 filtering sky background radiation, again by 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope b10 and the first back reflection of catoptron d17, and through spectroscope b18 light splitting, one road signal is reflected and enters photodetector d19, after being transmitted to polarization splitting prism b20, another road signal is divided into two-way, the polarization signal that the laser polarization state sent with single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument is vertical is reflected and enters photodetector e21, the polarization signal that the laser polarization state sent with single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument is identical is transmitted to high spectral resolution light filter b22, and by photodetector f23, received after high spectral resolution light filter b22.Photodetector d19, photodetector e21 and photodetector f23 complete the opto-electronic conversion of three channel signals, by the input of the electric signal after conversion data acquisition and processing system b25, data acquisition and processing system b25 is by the electric signal digitizing, and the electric signal after digitizing is carried out to the complementary operation of atmospheric parameter, thereby obtain being detected the parameter of atmosphere at the 1064nm wave band, the parameter that data acquisition and processing system b25 obtains inverting is transferred to gray haze classification recognition system 26.
Described 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope a3, beam expander 5, catoptron b6, catoptron c7, telescope 8, optical filter 9,532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope b10 are shared by the polarization high spectral resolution lidar system that is operated in the 532nm wave band and the polarization high spectral resolution lidar system that is operated in the 1064nm wave band; Described 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument 1 and 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument 2 can be same laser instruments; When being same laser instrument, this laser instrument or simultaneously there are two laser heads of launching respectively 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser and 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser, or there is a while and can launch the laser head of 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser and 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser; When described 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument 1 with 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument 2 belongs to same laser instrument and during from same laser head Emission Lasers, system will not have catoptron a4 and 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope a3.
The splitting ratio of described spectroscope a11 and b18 is not 50%:50%, but transmissivity is much larger than the spectroscope of reflectivity, as 98%:2%.
The laser frequency spectrum width that described 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument 1 and 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument 2 send is not more than 150MHz.
Described high spectral resolution light filter a is iodine molecule absorption filter or the interferometer with high spectral resolution, as Fabry-Paret interferometer or field widening Michelson interferometer; Described high spectral resolution light filter b is the interferometer with high spectral resolution, as Fabry-Perot interferometer or field widening Michelson interferometer.
As shown in Figure 2, gray haze classification recognition system comprises gray haze Sample Storehouse module 29, discriminant function computing module 30 and gray haze composition output module 31.Gray haze Sample Storehouse module contains the aerocolloidal optical properties sample set of different classes of gray haze, and wherein the aerocolloidal proper vector of gray haze is
, and
for the aerocolloidal Depolarization Ratio of 532nm wave band gray haze, i.e. the backscattering coefficient of vertical (S) polarization
and the backscattering coefficient of level (P) polarization
the ratio;
for the aerocolloidal radar ratio of 532nm wave band gray haze, i.e. gray haze Aerosol Extinction
and backscattering coefficient
the ratio;
mean the aerocolloidal scattering color ratio of gray haze, the gray haze gasoloid is at the backscattering coefficient of 532nm wave band
with the backscattering coefficient at the 1064nm wave band
the ratio;
mean the aerocolloidal spectrum Depolarization Ratio of gray haze, i.e. gray haze gasoloid Depolarization Ratio on the 1064nm wavelength
with Depolarization Ratio on the 532nm wavelength
ratio.
The discriminant function computing module is used for the aerocolloidal proper vector of reality
with the aerocolloidal proper vector of gray haze in gray haze Sample Storehouse module
compare differentiation.The described Bayesian Decision method of relatively differentiating in employing maximum likelihood parameter estimation mode estimates the correlation parameter of sample statistics rule.Suppose that sample can be divided into n classification, proper vector
belong to
the probability of class is as follows:
Wherein,
for proper vector
belong to
the posterior probability of class,
for
the weight of class in Sample Storehouse; Therefore, exist
in all values, proper vector
the classification that is attributed to the value maximum.
Gray haze composition output module is according to the comparative result of discriminant function computing module, to the output of classifying of analyzed gray haze.
Gray haze Sample Storehouse in described gray haze classification recognition system gray haze Sample Storehouse module utilizes laser radar system shown in the present to carry out obtaining after actual measurement to known gray haze, or to obtaining after the data preparation in the existing document of delivering.
Embodiment
The laser radar apparatus of gray haze classification is distinguished in a kind of remote sensing, comprises two polarization high spectral resolution lidar systems and a gray haze classification recognition system.Two polarization high spectral resolution lidar systems are respectively the polarization high spectral resolution lidar system that is operated in the 532nm wave band and the polarization high spectral resolution lidar system that is operated in the 1064nm wave band.
(a) the polarization high spectral resolution lidar system of 532nm wave band:
Locking System a27 by high spectral resolution light filter a15 frequency locking to 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument 1, after the light beam of 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument 1 emission sees through 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope a3 and after being expanded by beam expanding lens 5, process catoptron a 6 and catoptron b 7 are transmitted into and are detected in atmosphere; Be subject to the scattering of atmospheric molecule and particulate, produce the laser radar echo signal; This laser radar echo signal is except frequency spectrum has certain broadening, and its polarization state part also occurs and changes.After the laser radar echo signal is collected by telescope 8, by optical filter 9 filtering sky background radiation, after seeing through 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope 10 again, through spectroscope a11 light splitting, one road signal is reflected and enters photodetector a12, after being transmitted to polarization splitting prism a13, another road signal is divided into two-way, the polarization signal that the laser polarization state sent with single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument is vertical is reflected and enters photodetector b14, the polarization signal that the laser polarization state sent with single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument is identical is transmitted to high spectral resolution light filter a15, and by photodetector c16, received after high spectral resolution light filter a15.Photodetector a12, photodetector b14 and photodetector c16 complete the opto-electronic conversion of three channel signals, by the input of the electric signal after conversion data acquisition and processing system a24, data acquisition and processing system a24 is by the electric signal digitizing, and the electric signal after digitizing is carried out to the complementary operation of atmospheric parameter, thereby obtain being detected the parameter of atmosphere at the 532nm wave band, the parameter that data acquisition and processing system a24 obtains inverting is transferred to gray haze classification recognition system 26.
Above-mentioned single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument 1 adopts frequency range to be not more than the single longitudinal mode pulsed laser of 150MHz, single longitudinal mode pulsed laser as pouring-in as seed, single-longitudinal-mode fiber laser, single longitudinal mode pulsed laser wavelength 532.24nm, the Nd:YAG pulsed laser of U.S. Continuum company for example, adopt the seed implantttion technique, single pulse energy 300mJ, repetition frequency 10Hz, frequency range 150MHz, the output of P polarization;
Above-mentioned 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope 3 adopts general 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope to get final product, as the 10QM20HB.12 model two-phase look spectroscope of NEWPORT company.
Above-mentioned beam expanding lens 5 adopts anti-light laser beam expander, the GCO-141602 model beam expanding lens of Beijing company of Daheng for example, and 6 times expand;
Above-mentioned catoptron b6 and catoptron c7 adopt anti-light laser catoptron, the GCCH-101062 of Beijing company of Daheng for example, diameter 25mm;
The all-purpose telescopes such as that above-mentioned telescope 8 can adopt is reflective, refraction-reflection type, the 250mm Cassegrain telescope that for example Japanese Takahashi company produces;
The laser radar echo signal received by telescope 8 is expanded to 20mm.
Above-mentioned optical filter 9, for the logical optical filter of band, in 532nm ± 3nm and 1064nm ± 3nm wave band transmission, can be selected interference filter, looks for the company that the optical coating ability is stronger, as the customization of Beijing company of Daheng;
Above-mentioned 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope 10 adopts general 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope to get final product, as the 10QM20HB.12 model two-phase look spectroscope of NEWPORT company.
Above-mentioned spectroscope a11 is the spectroscope of reflectivity lower than transmissivity, for example the UVBS13-2 model spectroscope of NEWPORT company;
Above-mentioned polarization splitting prism a13 is common polarization splitting prism, for example the 10BC16PC.3 model Amici prism of NEWPORT company;
Above-mentioned high spectral resolution light filter a15 can adopt iodine molecule absorption filter or interfere type light filter, as the iodine molecule absorption filter of U.S. OPTHOS company or the Fabry-parot interferometer of Thorlabs company;
The photoelectric detector that above-mentioned photodetector a 12, photodetector b 14 and photodetector c 16 are same type kind, select high-speed response and highly sensitive photodiode, photomultiplier or charge-coupled image sensor (CCD), for example the R6358 model photomultiplier of the loose company in Japanese shore;
Above-mentioned data acquisition and processing system a24, adopt the TR20-80 data acquisition system (DAS) of German Licel company and join ordinary individual's computer, desktop computer or notebook computer to get final product;
Above-mentioned Locking System a27, can utilize piezoelectric crystal micro positioner, phase modulator and auxiliary circuit to get final product.Piezoelectric crystal can adopt the piezoelectric crystal micro positioner of the NPC3SG of NEWPORT company model, can carry out X, the inclination of Y two directions and axial translation; Phase modulator can adopt 4001 model phase modulators of NEWPORT company, maximum frequency biasing 250MHz.
(b) the polarization high spectral resolution lidar system of 1064nm wave band:
Locking System b28 by high spectral resolution light filter b22 frequency locking to 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument 2, the light beam of 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument 2 emissions is after catoptron a4 reflection, after 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope a3 reflection being expanded by beam expanding lens 5 again, process catoptron b6 and catoptron c7 are transmitted into and are detected in atmosphere; Be subject to the scattering of atmospheric molecule and particulate, produce the laser radar echo signal; This laser radar echo signal is except frequency spectrum has certain broadening, and its polarization state part also occurs and changes.After the laser radar echo signal is collected by telescope 8, by optical filter 9 filtering sky background radiation, again by 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope b10 and the first back reflection of catoptron d17, and through spectroscope b18 light splitting, one road signal is reflected and enters photodetector d19, after being transmitted to polarization splitting prism b20, another road signal is divided into two-way, the polarization signal that the laser polarization state sent with single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument is vertical is reflected and enters photodetector e21, the polarization signal that the laser polarization state sent with single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument is identical is transmitted to high spectral resolution light filter b22, and by photodetector f23, received after high spectral resolution light filter b22.Photodetector d19, photodetector e21 and photodetector f23 complete the opto-electronic conversion of three channel signals, by the input of the electric signal after conversion data acquisition and processing system b25, data acquisition and processing system b25 is by the electric signal digitizing, and the electric signal after digitizing is carried out to the complementary operation of atmospheric parameter, thereby obtain being detected the parameter of atmosphere at the 1064nm wave band, the parameter that data acquisition and processing system b25 obtains inverting is transferred to gray haze classification recognition system 26.
Above-mentioned single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument 2 adopts frequency range to be not more than the single longitudinal mode pulsed laser of 150MHz, single longitudinal mode pulsed laser as pouring-in as seed, single-longitudinal-mode fiber laser, single longitudinal mode pulsed laser wavelength 1064.48nm, the Nd:YAG pulsed laser of U.S. Continuum company for example, adopt the seed implantttion technique, single pulse energy 600mJ, repetition frequency 10Hz, frequency range 150MHz, the output of P polarization;
Above-mentioned catoptron a3 adopts the anti-light laser catoptron of 1064nm, the 10QM20HM.10 of NEWPORT company for example, diameter 25.4mm;
Above-mentioned 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope 3, beam expanding lens 5, catoptron b6, catoptron c7, telescope 8, optical filter 9,532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope 10 share with the polarization high spectral resolution lidar system of 532nm wave band;
The laser radar echo signal received by telescope 8 is expanded to 20mm.
Above-mentioned catoptron d17 adopts the 1064nm normal mirror to get final product, as the GCC101062 model catoptron of Beijing company of Daheng;
Above-mentioned spectroscope b18 is the spectroscope of reflectivity lower than transmissivity, for example the UVBS13-4 model spectroscope of NEWPORT company;
Above-mentioned polarization splitting prism b20 is common polarization splitting prism, for example the 10BC16PC.9 model Amici prism of NEWPORT company;
Above-mentioned high spectral resolution light filter b22 can adopt the interfere type light filter, as the Fabry-parot interferometer of U.S. Thorlabs company or voluntarily the development field widening Michelson interferometer light filter.As shown in Figure 3, the described field widening Michelson interferometer light filter of development voluntarily comprises Amici prism c32, mixes arm glass 33, mixes arm air-gap 34, mixes arm catoptron 35, glass arm glass 36 and glass arm reflectance coating 37 the field widening Michelson interferometer structure of the light filter schematic diagram of development voluntarily; Mix arm catoptron 35 and be provided with mixing arm air-gap 34 with mixing between arm glass 33.Mixing arm glass 32 and glass arm glass 36 is arranged on the light splitting surface both sides and adjacent right-angle side of Amici prism c32.Glass arm glass 36 is coated with glass arm reflectance coating 37 away from the end of Amici prism c32.
Amici prism c32 is divided into two-way by the polarization signal after polarization splitting prism b20, one road signal is by the interference arm a be comprised of glass arm glass 36 and glass arm reflectance coating 37, and by after glass arm reflectance coating 37 reflections of interfering arm a away from the Amici prism end, again by Amici prism c32 light splitting and reflex to exit end; Another road signal is successively by the interference arm b be comprised of mixing arm glass 33, mixing arm air-gap 34 and mixing arm catoptron 35, and by mixing arm catoptron 35 reflections of interfering arm b away from the Amici prism end, and the reflection former road of signal, Hou Gai road is returned, again by Amici prism c32 light splitting and be transmitted through exit end; Through interfering arm a and interfering the two paths of signals that arm b returns to be received by photodetector f23 after exit end produces interference.
Above-mentioned Amici prism c32 can adopt common Amici prism, as the 10FC16PB.3 of NEWPORT company model Amici prism, bore 25.4mm;
Above-mentioned mixing arm catoptron 35 adopts normal mirror to get final product, the GCC-101043 of Beijing company of Daheng for example, diameter 38.1mm;
Above-mentioned mixing arm glass 33 and material and the size of glass arm glass 36, and the size of mixing arm air-gap 34 can obtain by following steps:
1. establish
,
,
,
be respectively Amici prism 32, glass arm glass 36, mix arm glass 33 and mix arm air-gap 34 refractive index,
for the pitch angle of light,
,
,
,
for the refraction angle in Amici prism 32, glass arm glass 36, mixing arm glass 33 and mixing arm air-gap 34,
,
,
,
be respectively the thickness of Amici prism 32, glass arm glass 36, mixing arm glass 33 and mixing arm air-gap 34.The optical path difference based on field widening Michelson interferometer light filter 22 is
。(2)
By formula, after the snell formula changes, the expression formula that can obtain optical path difference is
If
, because the pitch angle at incident light center is very little, therefore by above formula pair
launched, can be obtained
(4)
Wherein
2. in order to make optical path difference less with the variation of incident angle, should make in formula (4)
the coefficient of item is 0, can obtain the field-compensation condition:
3. the constant term of formula (4) being differentiated to temperature and making this derivative is zero, even in formula (4)
be 0 to the temperature differentiate, can obtain
4. simultaneous equations (7) and (8), obtain one about refractive index, thermal expansivity, the size of mixing arm glass 33 and glass arm glass 36 and the system of equations of mixing the size of arm air-gap 34;
5. select suitable Free Spectral Range according to atmospheric molecule Rayleigh scattering spectrum width under surveyed wavelength and working temperature, as 1GHz;
6. travel through each glass material in the glass sample storehouse, and tested one by one, obtain a series of combinations that substantially meet system of equations;
7. therefrom choose field angle more than 4 degree, the temperature variation combination that this light filter two interferes the optical path difference variable quantity of arms to be no more than 1/10 wavelength in ± 1 degree centigrade the time gets final product.
For 1064.48nm ± 3nm, the theoretical work temperature is 20 degree, and in the situation that the light filter inclination is 1.5 °, can fetch data as mixing arm glass 33 materials is N-KF9, and length is 87.787mm, and wide and height is all 25.4mm; The length of mixing arm air-gap 34 is 15.662mm; The material of glass arm glass 36 is N-SF66, and length is 150.231mm, and wide and height is all 25.4mm.
Above-mentioned glass arm reflectance coating 37 is by the industrial and commercial end of glass arm glass 36 away from Amici prism c32 that directly be plated on of adding of glass arm glass 36;
The photoelectric detector that above-mentioned photodetector d 19, photodetector e 21 and photodetector f 23 are same type kind, select high-speed response and highly sensitive photodiode, photomultiplier or charge-coupled image sensor (CCD), for example the R5509-42 model photomultiplier of the loose company in Japanese shore;
Above-mentioned data acquisition and processing system b25, can adopt the TR20-80 data acquisition system (DAS) of German Licel company and join ordinary individual's computer, desktop computer or notebook computer to get final product;
Above-mentioned Locking System b28, can utilize piezoelectric crystal micro positioner, phase modulator and auxiliary circuit to get final product.Piezoelectric crystal can adopt the piezoelectric crystal micro positioner of the NPC3SG of NEWPORT company model, can carry out X, the inclination of Y two directions and axial translation; Phase modulator can adopt 4003 model phase modulators of NEWPORT company, maximum frequency biasing 250MHz.
(c) gray haze classification recognition system:
Gray haze classification recognition system 26 comprises gray haze Sample Storehouse module 29, discriminant function computing module 30 and gray haze composition output module 31.
Gray haze Sample Storehouse module contains the aerocolloidal optical properties sample set of different classes of gray haze, and wherein the aerocolloidal proper vector of gray haze is
, and
for the aerocolloidal Depolarization Ratio of 532nm wave band gray haze, i.e. the backscattering coefficient of vertical (S) polarization
and the backscattering coefficient of level (P) polarization
the ratio;
for the aerocolloidal radar ratio of 532nm wave band gray haze, i.e. gray haze Aerosol Extinction
and backscattering coefficient
the ratio;
mean the aerocolloidal scattering color ratio of gray haze, the gray haze gasoloid is at the backscattering coefficient of 532nm wave band
with the backscattering coefficient at the 1064nm wave band
the ratio;
mean the aerocolloidal spectrum Depolarization Ratio of gray haze, i.e. gray haze gasoloid Depolarization Ratio on the 1064nm wavelength
with Depolarization Ratio on the 532nm wavelength
ratio.Gasoloid is divided into to following 8 classes: ice crystals, pure dust, dust mixture, marine aerosol, marine pollutant, aerosols from major cities, biological combustion aerosol, fresh flue dust.By a large amount of known sample being carried out to the test experiments of dual wavelength HSRL, obtain the statistical distribution of above-mentioned characteristic quantity, set up the gray haze sample database.Partial data means as shown in Fig. 4 (a) and Fig. 4 (b) with the form of scheming.
The discriminant function computing module is used for the aerocolloidal proper vector of reality
with the aerocolloidal proper vector of gray haze in gray haze Sample Storehouse module
compare differentiation.According to Sample Storehouse, adopt the mode of maximum likelihood parameter estimation, estimate the correlation parameter of sample statistics rule.Here adopt the Bayesian Decision method.Owing to supposing that sample can be divided into 8 classifications, proper vectors
belong to
the probability of class is
So,
in all possible value, the value maximum of which classification, can will be somebody's turn to do
which kind of just is attributed to.Because the denominator of formula (9) is all identical in each classification, thus last decision function directly by molecule, determined,
Obviously, if decision rule be
,
.
Suppose posterior probability
can be approximately normal distribution,
Wherein,
be 4 dimensional vectors,
be
4 dimension mean vectors of class,
class
the dimension covariance matrix,
be
inverse matrix, and be defined as
.For prior probability
estimation, only need to according to great amount of samples calculate Different categories of samples therein shared ratio get final product, suppose that the probability of every class appearance all equates here,
, decision function at this moment just can directly be simplified an accepted way of doing sth (11).And, for all kinds of posterior probability, can determine according to parameter estimation in theory of probability (as maximal possibility estimation).These processes, as long as sample is abundant, all easily complete.The partial parameters calculated according to the Sample Storehouse shown in Fig. 4 in this example is respectively:
Ice crystals:
Pure dust:
Dust mixture:
Marine aerosol:
Etc..Because quantity is more, do not enumerate herein.
By parameter obtained above, substitution formula (11) just can obtain concrete discriminant function.The proper vector that then will need to differentiate is inputted the discriminant function of each class, obtains a probability distribution value.The probable value maximum of finally relatively exporting with which kind of discriminant function, just be grouped into this gasoloid to be measured in this class and go.For example we by the result of following a few stack features vector tests are:
A) feature vector, X 1=[0.6 25 1 0.5]
tthe probability that belongs to each class is respectively:
| Type | Ice crystals | Pure dust | Dust mixture | Marine aerosol | Marine pollutant | Aerosols from major cities | Biological combustion aerosol | Fresh flue dust |
| Probability (* 10-3) | 0.8404 | 0.0021 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 |
B) feature vector, X 2=[0.2 45 2.4 1]
tthe probability that belongs to each class is respectively:
| Type | Ice crystals | Pure dust | Dust mixture | Marine aerosol | Marine pollutant | Aerosols from major cities | Biological combustion aerosol | Fresh flue dust |
| Probability (* 10-3) | 0.0000 | 0.0037 | 0. 3047 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 |
C) feature vector, X 3=[0.05 10 1.6 0.5]
tthe probability that belongs to each class is respectively:
| Type | Ice crystals | Pure dust | Dust mixture | Marine aerosol | Marine pollutant | Aerosols from major cities | Biological combustion aerosol | Fresh flue dust |
| Probability (* 10-3) | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | 0.2910 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 |
Gray haze composition output module is according to the comparative result of discriminant function computing module, to the output of classifying of analyzed gray haze:
A) feature vector, X 1=[0.6 25 1 0.5]
taffiliated classification is: ice crystals
B) feature vector, X 2=[0.2 45 2.4 1]
taffiliated classification is: dust mixture
C) feature vector, X 3=[0.05 10 1.6 0.5]
taffiliated classification is: marine aerosol.
Claims (7)
1. the laser radar apparatus of a remote sensing differentiation gray haze classification, is characterized in that comprising two polarization high spectral resolution lidar systems and a gray haze classification recognition system; Two polarization high spectral resolution lidar systems are respectively the polarization high spectral resolution lidar system that is operated in the 532nm wave band and the polarization high spectral resolution lidar system that is operated in the 1064nm wave band;
The polarization high spectral resolution lidar system that is operated in the 532nm wave band comprises emission coefficient a, receiving system a, Locking System a, data acquisition and processing system a, emission coefficient a comprises 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument, 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope a, beam expander, catoptron b and catoptron b, receiving system a comprises telescope, optical filter, 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope b, spectroscope a, photodetector a, polarization splitting prism a, photodetector b, high spectral resolution light filter a, photodetector c, Locking System a by high spectral resolution light filter a frequency locking to 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument, after the light beam of 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument emission sees through 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope a and after being expanded by beam expanding lens, process catoptron a and catoptron b are transmitted into and are detected in atmosphere, be subject to the scattering of atmospheric molecule and particulate, produce the laser radar echo signal, after the laser radar echo signal is collected by telescope, by the radiation of optical filter filtering sky background, after seeing through 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope again, through spectroscope a light splitting, one road signal is reflected and enters photodetector a, after being transmitted to polarization splitting prism a, another road signal is divided into two-way, the polarization signal that the laser polarization state sent with single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument is vertical is reflected and enters photodetector b, the polarization signal that the laser polarization state sent with single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument is identical is transmitted to high spectral resolution light filter a, and by photodetector c, received after high spectral resolution light filter a, photodetector a, photodetector b and photodetector c complete the opto-electronic conversion of three channel signals, by the input of the electric signal after conversion data acquisition and processing system a, data acquisition and processing system a is by the electric signal digitizing, and the electric signal after digitizing is carried out to the complementary operation of atmospheric parameter, thereby obtain being detected the parameter of atmosphere at the 532nm wave band, the parameter that data acquisition and processing system a obtains inverting is transferred to gray haze classification recognition system,
The polarization high spectral resolution lidar system that is operated in the 1064nm wave band comprises emission coefficient b, receiving system b, Locking System b, data acquisition and processing system b, emission coefficient b comprises 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument, catoptron a, 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope a, beam expander, catoptron b6 and catoptron c, receiving system b comprises telescope, optical filter, 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope b, catoptron d, spectroscope b, photodetector d, polarization splitting prism b, photodetector e, high spectral resolution light filter b, photodetector f, Locking System b by high spectral resolution light filter b frequency locking to 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument, the light beam of 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument emission is after catoptron a reflection, after 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope a reflection being expanded by beam expanding lens again, process catoptron b6 and catoptron c are transmitted into and are detected in atmosphere, be subject to the scattering of atmospheric molecule and particulate, produce the laser radar echo signal, after the laser radar echo signal is collected by telescope, by the radiation of optical filter filtering sky background, again by 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope b and the first back reflection of catoptron d, and through spectroscope b light splitting, one road signal is reflected and enters photodetector d, after being transmitted to polarization splitting prism b, another road signal is divided into two-way, the polarization signal that the laser polarization state sent with single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument is vertical is reflected and enters photodetector e, the polarization signal that the laser polarization state sent with single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument is identical is transmitted to high spectral resolution light filter b, and by photodetector f, received after high spectral resolution light filter b, photodetector d, photodetector e and photodetector f complete the opto-electronic conversion of three channel signals, by the input of the electric signal after conversion data acquisition and processing system b, data acquisition and processing system b is by the electric signal digitizing, and the electric signal after digitizing is carried out to the complementary operation of atmospheric parameter, thereby obtain being detected the parameter of atmosphere at the 1064nm wave band, the parameter that data acquisition and processing system b obtains inverting is transferred to gray haze classification recognition system.
2. the laser radar apparatus of gray haze classification is distinguished in a kind of remote sensing as shown in claim 1, it is characterized in that described 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope a, beam expander, catoptron b, catoptron c, telescope, optical filter, 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope b are shared by the polarization high spectral resolution lidar system that is operated in the 532nm wave band and the polarization high spectral resolution lidar system that is operated in the 1064nm wave band; Described 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument and 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument can be same laser instruments; When being same laser instrument, this laser instrument or simultaneously there are two laser heads of launching respectively 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser and 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser, or there is a while and can launch the laser head of 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser and 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser; When described 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument with 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument belongs to same laser instrument and during from same laser head Emission Lasers, system will be omitted catoptron a and 532nm/1064nm two-phase look spectroscope a.
3. the laser radar apparatus of gray haze classification is distinguished in a kind of remote sensing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that
Described gray haze classification recognition system comprises gray haze Sample Storehouse module, discriminant function computing module and gray haze composition output module; Gray haze Sample Storehouse module contains the aerocolloidal optical properties sample set of different classes of gray haze, and wherein the aerocolloidal proper vector of gray haze is
, and
for the aerocolloidal Depolarization Ratio of 532nm wave band gray haze, i.e. the backscattering coefficient of vertical (S) polarization
and the backscattering coefficient of level (P) polarization
the ratio;
for the aerocolloidal radar ratio of 532nm wave band gray haze, i.e. gray haze Aerosol Extinction
and backscattering coefficient
the ratio;
mean the aerocolloidal scattering color ratio of gray haze, the gray haze gasoloid is at the backscattering coefficient of 532nm wave band
with the backscattering coefficient at the 1064nm wave band
the ratio;
mean the aerocolloidal spectrum Depolarization Ratio of gray haze, i.e. gray haze gasoloid Depolarization Ratio on the 1064nm wavelength
with Depolarization Ratio on the 532nm wavelength
ratio.
4. the laser radar apparatus of gray haze classification is distinguished in a kind of remote sensing as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that described discriminant function computing module is for by the aerocolloidal proper vector of reality
with the aerocolloidal proper vector of gray haze in gray haze Sample Storehouse module
compare differentiation; The described Bayesian Decision method of relatively differentiating in employing maximum likelihood parameter estimation mode estimates the correlation parameter of sample statistics rule; Suppose that sample is divided into n classification, proper vector
belong to
the probability of class is as follows:
Wherein,
for proper vector
belong to
the posterior probability of class,
for
the weight of class in Sample Storehouse; Therefore, exist
in all values, proper vector
the classification that is attributed to the value maximum;
Gray haze composition output module is according to the comparative result of discriminant function computing module, to the output of classifying of analyzed gray haze.
5. the laser radar apparatus of gray haze classification is distinguished in a kind of remote sensing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the laser frequency spectrum width that described 532nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument and 1064nm single-frequency polarized pulses laser instrument send is not more than 150MHz.
6. the laser radar apparatus of gray haze classification is distinguished in a kind of remote sensing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described high spectral resolution light filter a is iodine molecule absorption filter or the interferometer with high spectral resolution; Described high spectral resolution light filter b is the interferometer with high spectral resolution.
7. the laser radar apparatus of gray haze classification is distinguished in a kind of remote sensing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described high spectral resolution light filter a is identical with high spectral resolution light filter b structure, comprise Amici prism c, mix arm glass, mix the arm air-gap, mix arm catoptron, glass arm glass and glass arm reflectance coating; Mix the arm catoptron and be provided with mixing arm air-gap with mixing between arm glass, mix arm glass and glass arm glass and be arranged on the light splitting surface both sides and adjacent right-angle side of Amici prism c, glass arm glass is coated with the glass arm reflectance coating away from the end of Amici prism c; Amici prism c is divided into two-way by the polarization signal after polarization splitting prism b, one road signal is by the interference arm a be comprised of glass arm glass and glass arm reflectance coating, and by after the glass arm reflectance coating reflection of interfering arm a away from the Amici prism end, again by Amici prism c light splitting and reflex to exit end; Another road signal is successively by the interference arm b be comprised of mixing arm glass, mixing arm air-gap and mixing arm catoptron, and by the mixing arm mirror reflects of interfering arm b away from the Amici prism end, and the reflection former road of signal, Hou Gai road is returned, again by Amici prism c light splitting and be transmitted through exit end; Through interfering arm a and interfering the two paths of signals that arm b returns to be received by photodetector f after exit end produces interference.
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| CN112068158A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-12-11 | 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 | Black carbon aerosol aging state estimation method based on back scattering observation |
| CN112731341A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-04-30 | 自然资源部第二海洋研究所 | Dual-wavelength high spectral resolution laser radar system based on two-stage virtual image phase array |
| CN112731341B (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2022-06-10 | 自然资源部第二海洋研究所 | Dual-wavelength high spectral resolution laser radar system based on two-stage virtual image phase array |
| CN113031009A (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-06-25 | 宁波市气象网络与装备保障中心 | Laser radar monitoring method for distinguishing fog and haze |
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