CN103344496A - Triaxial compression-water (gas) coupling apparatus and test method for rock - Google Patents
Triaxial compression-water (gas) coupling apparatus and test method for rock Download PDFInfo
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- CN103344496A CN103344496A CN2013102322984A CN201310232298A CN103344496A CN 103344496 A CN103344496 A CN 103344496A CN 2013102322984 A CN2013102322984 A CN 2013102322984A CN 201310232298 A CN201310232298 A CN 201310232298A CN 103344496 A CN103344496 A CN 103344496A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a triaxial compression-water (gas) coupling apparatus and test method for a rock. The apparatus provided by the invention comprises an axial compression servo system, a confining pressure servo system, a water (gas) pressure servo system, a data acquisition system and a data processing system and can carry out stress-seepage coupling test under the conditions of hydrostatic compression, triaxial compression and cyclic loading and unloading. The data acquisition system is used for real-time measurement and recording of current confining pressure and eccentric compression values, axial, circumferential and volumetric strain values and inlet and outlet pressure values of a rock sample; the data processing system accordingly drafts a stress-strain curve, an inlet and outlet pressure-time travel curve and a sample deformation-pore water (gas) pressure curve, then automatically calculates permeability, porosity and axial and lateral Biot coefficients of the rock sample and stores and displays the permeability, porosity and axial and lateral Biot coefficients. The apparatus provided by the invention can complete stress-seepage coupling test of a rock material, especially low-permeability rock, under the condition of complex stress paths and can obtain reliable results and visually display the results.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of coupling device and test method, especially relate to a kind of rock three axial compressions contracting-(gas) coupling device and test method.
Background technology
Deformation characteristic and the Penetration Signature research of rock under the complex stress environment is the key issue that field Important Project construction such as large-scale water conservancy and hydropower, deep resource exploitation, the oil/underground storage of the gas energy, underground space utilization press for solution.Because rock is composed the complicacy of dis environment, under the effect of various engineering loads, rock initially stress field is transformed, and Stress Field Distribution changes, and rock produces the evolution of distortion and microscopical structure, thereby causes the Penetration Signature of rock to change; Correspondingly, the variation of rock permeability characteristic will cause the distribution of seepage field to change, from and further transform the rock stress field.This interaction of rock seepage field and stress field and influence each other and be called the rock action of seepage-stress coupling, rock stress-seepage flow coupling test is the key of carrying out rock stress field and the research of seepage field coupling mechanism.Yet conventional field testing procedure is difficult to obtain the Changing Pattern of Penetration Signature in the process of rock deformation, and the permeability test in the indoor three axial compression compression process of employing rock can disclose the evolution rule of permeability in its stress-strain overall process.
Since the fifties in last century, the Penetration Signature research in the rock three axial compression compression process has been subjected to the attention of academia and engineering circle.Yet most of permeability test of domestic and international many scholars is primarily aimed at the osmotic coefficient ratio higher permeability 10
-12～10
-16m
2The rock sample of magnitude, hypotonic rock permeability is 10 in the three axial compression compression process
-16～10
-22m
2The permeability test achievement of magnitude is actually rare.Existing achievement in research shows, total stress-the strain curve of rock in three axial compression compression process can be divided into initial densification stage, elastic deformation stage, local damage stage, acutely damage stage and peak after failure stage, in this process the Penetration Signature of rock correspondingly show as stablely before initial decline, elastic stability, the peak increase, near the peak value violent increase and the peak after degradation feature down.
Current, the The laboratory study on behavior of permeability of rock (especially hypotonic rock) in three axial compression compression process become the research focus in international rock mechanics field, and research technique adopts the transient pressure impulse method more, and osmotic fluid adopts water or gas such as nitrogen, helium more.Yet, owing to singularity and the complicacy of permeability characteristic test in the rock three axial compression compression process, domestic rock three axial compressions contracting-(gas) coupling device of perfect in shape and function of not developing as yet at present.
Summary of the invention
Above-mentioned technical matters of the present invention is mainly solved by following technical proposals:
A kind of rock three axial compressions contracting-(gas) coupling device is characterized in that, comprises axial compression servo-drive system, confined pressure servo-drive system, infusion fluid systems, fluid permeability system, and the data acquisition, the treating apparatus that link to each other with described system.
At above-mentioned rock three axial compressions contracting-(gas) coupling device, described axial compression servo-drive system comprises the servo high-precision hydraulic pump of axial compression, first hydraulic valve that is attached thereto, and is right after the axial compression sensor behind first hydraulic valve; The servo high-precision hydraulic pump of described axial compression also is connected with data acquisition, treating apparatus; Described axial compression sensor also is connected with the gas osmosis system.
At above-mentioned rock three axial compressions contracting-(gas) coupling device, described confined pressure servo-drive system comprises the servo high-precision hydraulic pump of confined pressure, second hydraulic valve that is attached thereto, and is right after the confined pressure sensor behind first hydraulic valve; The servo high-precision hydraulic pump of described confined pressure also is connected with data acquisition, treating apparatus; Described axial compression sensor also is connected with the gas osmosis system.
At above-mentioned rock three axial compressions contracting-(gas) coupling device, described infusion fluid systems comprises high pressure nitrogen, air valve, the gas pressure reducer that links to each other according to this, water bottle and the water valve that links to each other with water bottle, water/pneumatic servo high-precision hydraulic pump and the 3rd hydraulic valve link to each other, be connected with above-mentioned water valve before described the 3rd hydraulic valve with after water (gas) presses the high-precision hydraulic pump to link to each other, link to each other with the gas osmosis system again.
At above-mentioned rock three axial compressions contracting-(gas) coupling device, described fluid permeability system comprises entrance point, sample and sample sealing system, triaxial cell and supports load transfer device, endpiece; Wherein entrance point comprises entrance point pressure transducer, the 4th hydraulic valve, entrance point steel cylinder, the 5th hydraulic valve; With the entrance point pressure transducer, the back links to each other successively with entrance point steel cylinder, the 5th hydraulic valve before described the 4th hydraulic valve; The infiltration piston is placed at described sample two ends, and rubber case is with sample and infiltration piston parcel, and envelope gas banding hoop seals sample at the rubber case two ends; The 6th hydraulic valve that described triaxial cell and support load transfer device comprise triaxial cell, support, lifting jack, place the bottom, pressure chamber and link to each other with a fluid recovery container places the 7th hydraulic valve that is communicated with atmosphere in the pressure chamber; Endpiece comprises the endpiece pressure transducer, the 8th hydraulic valve and the endpiece steel cylinder, the 9th hydraulic valve that link to each other in turn, and the tenth hydraulic valve, wherein the endpiece pressure transducer links to each other with the 8th hydraulic valve, the tenth hydraulic valve respectively; Entrance point is connected by the 11 hydraulic valve with endpiece.
At above-mentioned rock three axial compressions contracting-(gas) coupling device, described data acquisition, treating apparatus comprise computer acquisition and disposal system.
Three processes that the present invention relates to are as follows:
Mechanical process: axial compression, confined pressure servo-drive system can realize hydrostatic compression, three axial compression contracting overall processes and add complex stress path processes such as unloading circulation, and be easy to operate, automaticity is high, and pressure process is carried out under computer control fully; Axial compression, confined pressure servo-drive system can axially apply 0～375MPa bias voltage at rock sample, and side direction applies 0～60MPa confined pressure, and the control accuracy of exerting pressure is 0.01MPa, can keep stable in two months, and error is no more than 1%; Axial bias loads can select for use displacement, axial strain rate, normal pressure power gradient and four kinds of modes of varying stress gradient to control, and the side direction confined pressure loads can select for use hoop strain rate, normal pressure power and three kinds of modes of varying stress to control.
Flow event: can apply pore water (gas) at rock sample import and export end by water/pneumatic servo and press, water/pneumatic servo is made up of infusion fluid systems and fluid permeability system; Infusion fluid systems can provide the pore water pressure of 0～40MP or the high pure nitrogen of 0.1～10MPa, and the control accuracy of exerting pressure is 0.01MPa, and error is no more than 1%; The fluid permeability system can carry out water (gas) permeability test of pipeline loop and two the different ranges in steel cylinder loop.Pipeline loop can carry out 10
-16～10
-22m
2The fluid permeability test of range is made up of inlet pipeline, sample, outlet conduit, and inlet pipeline is connected by hydraulic valve with outlet conduit; The steel cylinder loop can carry out 10
-12～10
-18m
2The fluid permeability test of range is made up of inlet pipeline, import steel cylinder, sample, outlet steel cylinder, outlet conduit.
Coupling process: by axial compression, confined pressure servo-drive system, be applied to default confined pressure, bias value and keep stable, apply pore water (gas) at rock sample import and export end by water/pneumatic servo and compress into capable coupling test.By the current confined pressure of the real-time survey record rock sample of data acquisition system (DAS), bias value, axially, hoop and bulk strain value, import and export end pressure value; Data handling system is drawn out corresponding stress-strain curve, import and export end pressure-time-history curves, sample deformation and pore water (gas) line of buckling calculates the permeability, porosity of rock sample then automatically, axially reaches side direction Biot coefficient, and stores and show.
A kind of rock three axial compressions contracting-(gas) coupling device test method is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, sampling dress sample: drill through φ 50mm * 100mm standard rock sample, toasted 24 hours continuously in 105 ° of baking ovens, cold putting 24 hours in the vacuum cooled tower can be put into rubber suit sample afterwards then;
Step 2, triaxial chamber is oil-filled: after the dress sample is finished, close the 6th hydraulic valve, open second hydraulic valve and the 7th hydraulic valve then successively, fill hydraulic oil to the triaxial cell, to drive the air of the inside, triaxial cell, hydraulic oil forms circulation by pipeline, illustrate that the triaxial cell is full of, close the 7th hydraulic valve this moment;
Step 4, mechanics loads: load mode selects following three kinds of mechanics load modes to load, and selects load mode one: the hydrostatic compression, confined pressure remains unchanged after being loaded into setting value; Select load mode axial compression in two: three contracting to load, confined pressure remains unchanged after being loaded into setting value, axially is partial to then and is loaded into destruction; Select load mode three: circulation adds unloading, and confined pressure, axial compression are loaded into setting value, and the maintenance confined pressure is constant to unload axial compression then to setting value, and this process that circulates is up to destruction;
Described three kinds of load modes include the confined pressure loading and bias voltage loads, and the method that described confined pressure loads is: open the servo high-precision hydraulic pump of confined pressure, apply confined pressure to predetermined value, the confined pressure value is gathered in real time by the confined pressure sensor;
The method that described axial bias loads is: open first hydraulic valve 2 earlier, open the servo high-precision hydraulic pump of axial compression then and apply hydraulic pressure for the cylinder of lifting jack the inside, by lifting jack bias voltage is applied to sample then; Described axial bias loads selects the control of one of displacement, axial strain rate, normal pressure power gradient and four kinds of modes of varying stress gradient for use, in order to obtain hypotonic permeability of rock in the three axial compression compression process, when loading, axial bias adopt the control of axial strain rate to apply axial compression to setting value earlier, this moment is constant in this value in order to keep axial compression, change normal pressure power gradient into and be 0 load mode and load, bias value is gathered in real time by the axial compression sensor;
Step 5, fluid permeability: close the 11 hydraulic valve successively, the 5th hydraulic valve, the 9th hydraulic valve, the tenth hydraulic valve, open the 4th hydraulic valve successively, the 8th hydraulic valve, the tenth hydraulic valve, the 3rd hydraulic valve, moment is improved the inducer force value to predetermined value, close the 3rd hydraulic valve then, carry out the fluid permeability test, in the fluid permeability process, advance, the force value of endpiece is by advancing, the endpiece pressure transducer, gather in real time, computer real-time is stored data and is shown, treat into, the outlet section force value equate and keep constant after, open the 11 hydraulic valve;
Step 6 will apply bias voltage and adjust to next stage setting value execution in step 4,, execution in step 5 is carried out the measurement of permeability under the current pressure value then; In three axial compression contracting overall processes, by the current confined pressure of the real-time survey record rock sample of data acquisition system (DAS), bias value, axially, hoop and bulk strain value, import and export end pressure value; Data handling system is drawn out corresponding stress-strain curve, import and export end pressure-time-history curves, sample deformation and pore water/gas pressure curve calculate the permeability, porosity of rock sample then automatically, axially reach side direction Biot coefficient, and store and show; Repeating step 4 finishes up to Complete Stress-Strain Process to step 5;
Step 7, sample is torn in release open: close gas check valve, open the 11 hydraulic valve, the 5th hydraulic valve, the 9th hydraulic valve, the tenth hydraulic valve according to this, gas is discharged be shown as the pipeline residual value up to pressure; To the pipeline residual value, close first hydraulic valve by computer acquisition and disposal system removal axle, confined pressure, open the 6th hydraulic valve, discharge the hydraulic oil of triaxial cell, close second hydraulic valve after the oily emptying, open the triaxial cell and remove sample, test finishes.
Therefore, the present invention has following advantage: can finish particularly hypotonic rock stress-seepage flow coupling test under the complex stress path of rock material, test findings is reliable, and can intuitively show.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is rock three axial compressions contracting-(gas) coupling device synoptic diagram.
Accompanying drawing 2 is axial compression, confined pressure servo-drive system synoptic diagram.
Accompanying drawing 3a is hydrostatic compression synoptic diagram.
Accompanying drawing 3b is three axial compression contracting total stress-schematic illustration of strain.
Accompanying drawing 3c is for adding unloading circulation synoptic diagram.
Accompanying drawing 4 is the infusion fluid systems synoptic diagram.
Accompanying drawing 5 is the fluid permeability system schematic.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, and by reference to the accompanying drawings, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.In the accompanying drawing: the servo high-precision hydraulic pump 1 of axial compression, first hydraulic valve 2, axial compression sensor 3, the servo high-precision hydraulic pump 4 of confined pressure, second hydraulic valve 5, confined pressure sensor 6, high pressure nitrogen 7, air valve 8, gas pressure reducer 9, water bottle 10, water valve 11, water/pneumatic servo high-precision hydraulic pump 12, the 3rd hydraulic valve 13, entrance point pressure transducer 14, fluid recovery container 15, envelope gas hoop 16, rubber case 17, sample 18, infiltration piston 19, triaxial cell 20, support 21, lifting jack 22, the 6th hydraulic valve 23, the 7th hydraulic valve 24, the 11 hydraulic valve 25, the 4th hydraulic valve 26, entrance point steel cylinder 27, the 5th hydraulic valve 28, the 8th hydraulic valve 29, endpiece steel cylinder 30, the 9th hydraulic valve 31, endpiece pressure transducer 32, the tenth hydraulic valve 33, computer acquisition and disposal system 34.
Embodiment:
The specific embodiment of the present invention is as follows when selecting gas as osmotic fluid:
Step 1, sampling dress sample.Drill through φ 50mm * 100mm standard rock sample, in 105 ° of baking ovens, toasted 24 hours continuously, then cold putting 24 hours in the vacuum cooled tower.Can put into rubber sleeve 17 dress samples afterwards.
Step 2, triaxial chamber is oil-filled.After the dress sample is finished, close the 6th hydraulic valve 23, open second hydraulic valve 5 and the 7th hydraulic valve 24 then successively, fill hydraulic oil for triaxial cell 20, to drive the air of 20 the insides, triaxial cell.Hydraulic oil forms circulation by pipeline, illustrates that triaxial cell 20 has been full of, and closes the 7th hydraulic valve 24 this moment.
Step 4, sample is saturated.The fluid injection device can select water or gas as permeating medium as shown in Figure 4, is example with the high pressure nitrogen at this.Sample saturation history: close the 4th hydraulic valve 26, the 8th hydraulic valve 29, the tenth hydraulic valve 33 successively, open the air valve 8 of high pressure nitrogen 7 then, make gas pressure reducer go out atmospheric pressure 9 and reach setting value, open the 3rd hydraulic valve 13, fetch boiling water/pneumatic servo high-precision hydraulic pump 12, reach setting value up to pressure for the inflation of import pipeline.Close the 3rd hydraulic valve 13, saturated to sample 18 inflations.The force value of import and export end is gathered in real time by import and export end pressure sensor 14,32 in saturation history, treat import and export section force value equate and keep constant after, open the 11 hydraulic valve 25.
Step 5, fluid permeability.The fluid permeability synoptic diagram as shown in Figure 5, close the 11 hydraulic valve 25, the 5th hydraulic valve 28, the 9th hydraulic valve 31, the tenth hydraulic valve 33 successively, open the 4th hydraulic valve 26, the 8th hydraulic valve 29, the tenth hydraulic valve 33, the 3rd hydraulic valve 13 successively, moment is improved the inducer force value to predetermined value, close the 3rd hydraulic valve 13 then, carry out the fluid permeability test.In the fluid permeability process, the force value of import and export end is gathered in real time by import and export end pressure sensor 14,32, computer real-time is stored data and is shown, treat import and export section force value equate and keep constant after, open the 11 hydraulic valve 25.
Step 6, repeating step 3 applies and is biased into the next stage setting value, and repeating step 5 carries out the measurement of permeability under the current pressure value then.In three axial compression contracting overall processes, by the current confined pressure of the real-time survey record rock sample of data acquisition system (DAS), bias value, axially, hoop and bulk strain value, import and export end pressure value; Data handling system is drawn out corresponding stress-strain curve, import and export end pressure-time-history curves, sample deformation and pore water (gas) line of buckling calculates the permeability, porosity of rock sample then automatically, axially reaches side direction Biot coefficient, and stores and show.Repeat above-mentioned steps, finish up to Complete Stress-Strain Process.
Step 7, sample is torn in release open.Close gas check valve 8, open the 11 hydraulic valve 25, the 5th hydraulic valve 28, the 9th hydraulic valve 31, the tenth hydraulic valve 33 according to this, gas is discharged be shown as the pipeline residual value up to pressure; To the pipeline residual value, close first hydraulic valve 2 by computer acquisition and disposal system 34 removal axles, confined pressure.Open the 6th hydraulic valve 23, discharge the hydraulic oil of triaxial cell 20, close second hydraulic valve 5 after the oily emptying, open triaxial cell 20 and remove sample 18, test finishes.
Specific embodiment described herein only is that the present invention's spirit is illustrated.Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or replenish or adopt similar mode to substitute described specific embodiment, but can't depart from spirit of the present invention or surmount the defined scope of appended claims.
Although this paper has used the servo high-precision hydraulic pump 1 of axial compression morely, first hydraulic valve 2, axial compression sensor 3, the servo high-precision hydraulic pump 4 of confined pressure, second hydraulic valve 5, confined pressure sensor 6, high pressure nitrogen 7, air valve 8, gas pressure reducer 9, water bottle 10, water valve 11, water/pneumatic servo high-precision hydraulic pump 12, the 3rd hydraulic valve 13, entrance point pressure transducer 14, fluid recovery container 15, envelope gas hoop 16, rubber case 17, sample 18, infiltration piston 19, triaxial cell 20, support 21, lifting jack 22, the 6th hydraulic valve 23, the 7th hydraulic valve 24, the 11 hydraulic valve 25, the 4th hydraulic valve 26, entrance point steel cylinder 27, the 5th hydraulic valve 28, the 8th hydraulic valve 29, endpiece steel cylinder 30, the 9th hydraulic valve 31, endpiece pressure transducer 32, the tenth hydraulic valve 33, terms such as computer acquisition and disposal system 34, but do not get rid of the possibility of using other term.Using these terms only is in order to describe and explain essence of the present invention more easily; They are construed to any additional restriction all is contrary with spirit of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. rock three axial compressions contracting-(gas) coupling device is characterized in that, comprises axial compression servo-drive system, confined pressure servo-drive system, infusion fluid systems, fluid permeability system, and the data acquisition, the treating apparatus that link to each other with described system.
2. rock three axial compressions contracting-(gas) coupling device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, first hydraulic valve (2) that described axial compression servo-drive system comprises the servo high-precision hydraulic pump of axial compression (1), is attached thereto is right after the axial compression sensor (3) behind first hydraulic valve (2); The servo high-precision hydraulic pump of described axial compression (1) also is connected with data acquisition, treating apparatus; Described axial compression sensor (3) also is connected with the gas osmosis system.
3. rock three axial compressions contracting-(gas) coupling device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, second hydraulic valve (5) that described confined pressure servo-drive system comprises the servo high-precision hydraulic pump of confined pressure (4), is attached thereto is right after the confined pressure sensor (6) behind first hydraulic valve (5); The servo high-precision hydraulic pump of described confined pressure (4) also is connected with data acquisition, treating apparatus; Described axial compression sensor (6) also is connected with the gas osmosis system.
4. rock three axial compressions contracting-(gas) coupling device according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described infusion fluid systems comprises high pressure nitrogen (7), air valve (8), the gas pressure reducer (9) that links to each other according to this, water bottle (11) and the water valve (10) that links to each other with water bottle (11), water/pneumatic servo high-precision hydraulic pump (12) and the 3rd hydraulic valve (13) link to each other, described the 3rd hydraulic valve (13) is preceding presses the continuous back of high-precision hydraulic pump (12) to be connected with above-mentioned water valve (10) with water (gas), links to each other with the gas osmosis system again.
5. rock three axial compressions contracting-(gas) coupling device according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described fluid permeability system comprises entrance point, sample and sample sealing system, triaxial cell and supports load transfer device, endpiece; Wherein entrance point comprises entrance point pressure transducer (14), the 4th hydraulic valve (26), entrance point steel cylinder (27), the 5th hydraulic valve (28); Preceding and the entrance point pressure transducer (14) of described the 4th hydraulic valve (26), the back links to each other successively with entrance point steel cylinder (27), the 5th hydraulic valve (28); Infiltration piston (19) is placed at described sample (18) two ends, and rubber case (17) is with sample (18) and infiltration piston (19) parcel, and envelope gas hoop (16) lock ring seals sample (18) at rubber case (17) two ends; Described triaxial cell and support load transfer device and comprise triaxial cell (20), support (21), lifting jack (22), the 6th hydraulic valve (23) that places (20) bottom, pressure chamber and link to each other with a fluid recovery container (15) places pressure chamber (20) to go up the 7th hydraulic valve (24) of connection atmosphere; Endpiece comprises endpiece pressure transducer (32), the 8th hydraulic valve (29) and the endpiece steel cylinder (30), the 9th hydraulic valve (31) that link to each other in turn, the tenth hydraulic valve (33), wherein endpiece pressure transducer (32) links to each other with the 8th hydraulic valve (29), the tenth hydraulic valve (33) respectively; Entrance point is connected by the 11 hydraulic valve (25) with endpiece.
6. rock three axial compressions contracting-(gas) coupling device according to claim 5 is characterized in that described data acquisition, treating apparatus comprise computer acquisition and disposal system (34).
7. rock three axial compressions contracting-(gas) coupling device test method is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, sampling dress sample: drill through φ 50mm * 100mm standard rock sample, toasted 24 hours continuously in 105 ° of baking ovens, cold putting 24 hours in the vacuum cooled tower can be put into rubber sleeve (17) dress sample afterwards then;
Step 2, triaxial chamber is oil-filled: after the dress sample is finished, close the 6th hydraulic valve (23), open second hydraulic valve (5) and the 7th hydraulic valve (24) then successively, fill hydraulic oil for triaxial cell (20), to drive the air of the inside, triaxial cell (20), hydraulic oil forms circulation by pipeline, illustrate that triaxial cell (20) is full of, close the 7th hydraulic valve (24) this moment;
Step 3, sample is saturated: close the 4th hydraulic valve (26) successively, the 8th hydraulic valve (29), the tenth hydraulic valve (33), open the air valve (8) of high pressure nitrogen (7) then, make gas pressure reducer go out atmospheric pressure (9) and reach setting value, open the 3rd hydraulic valve (13), fetch boiling water/pneumatic servo high-precision hydraulic pump (12), reach setting value up to pressure for the inflation of import pipeline, close the 3rd hydraulic valve (13), saturated to sample (18) inflation, in saturation history, advance, the force value of endpiece is by advancing, endpiece pressure transducer (14), (32) gather in real time, treat into, the outlet section force value equate and keep constant after, open the 11 hydraulic valve (25);
Step 4, mechanics loads: load mode selects following three kinds of mechanics load modes to load, and selects load mode one: the hydrostatic compression, confined pressure remains unchanged after being loaded into setting value; Select load mode axial compression in two: three contracting to load, confined pressure remains unchanged after being loaded into setting value, axially is partial to then and is loaded into destruction; Select load mode three: circulation adds unloading, and confined pressure, axial compression are loaded into setting value, and the maintenance confined pressure is constant to unload axial compression then to setting value, and this process that circulates is up to destruction;
Described three kinds of load modes include the confined pressure loading and bias voltage loads, and the method that described confined pressure loads is: open the servo high-precision hydraulic pump of confined pressure (4), apply confined pressure to predetermined value, the confined pressure value is by confined pressure sensor (6) collection in real time;
The method that described axial bias loads is: open first hydraulic valve (2) earlier, open the servo high-precision hydraulic pump of axial compression (1) then and apply hydraulic pressure for the cylinder of lifting jack (22) the inside, by lifting jack (22) bias voltage is applied to sample (18) then; Described axial bias loads selects the control of one of displacement, axial strain rate, normal pressure power gradient and four kinds of modes of varying stress gradient for use, in order to obtain hypotonic permeability of rock in the three axial compression compression process, when loading, axial bias adopt the control of axial strain rate to apply axial compression to setting value earlier, this moment is constant in this value in order to keep axial compression, change normal pressure power gradient into and be 0 load mode and load, bias value is by axial compression sensor (3) collection in real time;
Step 5, fluid permeability: close the 11 hydraulic valve (25) successively, the 5th hydraulic valve (28), the 9th hydraulic valve (31), the tenth hydraulic valve (33), open the 4th hydraulic valve (26) successively, the 8th hydraulic valve (29), the tenth hydraulic valve (33), the 3rd hydraulic valve (13), moment is improved the inducer force value to predetermined value, close the 3rd hydraulic valve (13) then, carry out the fluid permeability test, in the fluid permeability process, advance, the force value of endpiece is by advancing, endpiece pressure transducer (14), (32) gather in real time, computer real-time is stored data and is shown, treat into, the outlet section force value equate and keep constant after, open the 11 hydraulic valve (25);
Step 6 will apply bias voltage and adjust to next stage setting value execution in step 4,, execution in step 5 is carried out the measurement of permeability under the current pressure value then; In three axial compression contracting overall processes, by the current confined pressure of the real-time survey record rock sample of data acquisition system (DAS), bias value, axially, hoop and bulk strain value, import and export end pressure value; Data handling system is drawn out corresponding stress-strain curve, import and export end pressure-time-history curves, sample deformation and pore water/gas pressure curve calculate the permeability, porosity of rock sample then automatically, axially reach side direction Biot coefficient, and store and show; Repeating step 4 finishes up to Complete Stress-Strain Process to step 5;
Step 7, sample is torn in release open: close gas check valve (8), open the 11 hydraulic valve (25), the 5th hydraulic valve (28), the 9th hydraulic valve (31), the tenth hydraulic valve (33) according to this, gas is discharged be shown as the pipeline residual value up to pressure; To the pipeline residual value, close first hydraulic valve (2) by computer acquisition and disposal system (34) removal axle, confined pressure, open the 6th hydraulic valve (23), discharge the hydraulic oil of triaxial cell (20), close second hydraulic valve (5) after the oil emptying, open triaxial cell (20) and remove sample (18), test finishes.
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