CN109507084B - Intelligent identification true triaxial experiment system and method for porosity of bulk material - Google Patents
Intelligent identification true triaxial experiment system and method for porosity of bulk material Download PDFInfo
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- CN109507084B CN109507084B CN201811610620.1A CN201811610620A CN109507084B CN 109507084 B CN109507084 B CN 109507084B CN 201811610620 A CN201811610620 A CN 201811610620A CN 109507084 B CN109507084 B CN 109507084B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/088—Investigating volume, surface area, size or distribution of pores; Porosimetry
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/0806—Details, e.g. sample holders, mounting samples for testing
Abstract
An intelligent recognition true triaxial experiment system and method for bulk material porosity comprises a main frame, a pressure chamber, a first axial pressure loading assembly, a second axial pressure loading assembly, a first mechanical confining pressure loading assembly, a second mechanical confining pressure loading assembly, a liquid confining pressure loading assembly, a bulk material sample pore pressure loading assembly, a computer and a CCD camera. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, mounting a bulk material sample into a pressure chamber, then injecting water into the pressure chamber, carrying out confining pressure loading after the water injection is finished, then carrying out pore pressure loading, and finally carrying out mechanical confining pressure loading and axial pressure loading; the method comprises the steps of carrying out image acquisition on a bulk material sample through a CCD camera through a transparent box wall of a pressure chamber, carrying out binarization processing on the acquired image through a computer, carrying out statistics on areas of a black part and a white part of the processed image, analyzing a porosity change process of the bulk material sample in an experimental process, and realizing intelligent identification on the porosity change in a loading process of the bulk material sample.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of civil engineering experiments, and particularly relates to an intelligent discrete material porosity identification true triaxial experiment system and method.
Background
The strength of discrete materials is influenced by a plurality of factors, and the friction characteristics of the mineral particles of the discrete materials and the structural characteristics of the aggregate of the mineral particles play a key role; the friction is an essential characteristic of the granular mineral and comprises sliding friction among granules and occlusion and rolling friction among the granules; aggregate structures can be generally characterized by the degree of anisotropy, but due to the influence of the deposition history or loading conditions of soil bodies, the soil bodies often have anisotropy, and the anisotropy is generally divided into two types, namely primary anisotropy and induced anisotropy; the particles are formed in the process of soil body deposition, the preferred arrangement directions of the particles generated by particle grading and shape difference in the deposition process are different, the contact space difference of the particles is different, the shape and the size of pores are changed, and the property is called as primary anisotropy; the granular material is formed in the soil body loading process, and due to the influence of external load, the granular material is in contact separation, sliding, rotary recombination and even crushing of particles in the elastic-plastic deformation process, so that the primary texture of the granular material is changed, and the mechanical behavior of the granular material is further influenced, and the property is called induced anisotropy; therefore, the porosity change of the bulk material in the loading process is an important index for the research of the bulk material.
However, the current triaxial loading experimental system for discrete materials is mainly designed for traditional parameter measurement, and neglects the identification of porosity in the experimental process. Therefore, it is necessary to design a true triaxial experimental system and method for intelligent identification of porosity of discrete materials.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an intelligent true triaxial experiment system and method for identifying the porosity of a bulk material, which introduce an image processing technology, can carry out high-precision true triaxial loading on a bulk material sample, and the true triaxial loading is a mode of combining water pressure and mechanical pressurization, and can carry out intelligent identification on the porosity change in the loading process of the bulk material sample.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: an intelligent discrete material porosity identification true triaxial experiment system comprises a main frame, a pressure chamber, a first axial pressure loading assembly, a second axial pressure loading assembly, a first mechanical confining pressure loading assembly, a second mechanical confining pressure loading assembly, a liquid confining pressure loading assembly, a discrete material sample pore pressure loading assembly, a computer and a CCD (charge coupled device) camera; the pressure chamber is fixedly arranged in the main frame through a pressure chamber supporting frame; the first axial loading assembly is arranged on the top beam of the main frame above the pressure chamber; the second axial pressure loading assembly is arranged on the main frame bottom plate below the pressure chamber; the first mechanical confining pressure loading assembly is arranged on a main frame upright post on the left side of the pressure chamber; the second mechanical confining pressure loading assembly is arranged on the main frame upright post on the right side of the pressure chamber; the liquid confining pressure loading assembly, the bulk material sample pore pressure loading assembly and the computer are all arranged in the main frame; the CCD camera is located outside the main frame.
The pressure chamber is of a square structure, a detachable sealing cover is arranged at the top of the pressure chamber, the detachable sealing cover is connected with the pressure chamber box body through a bolt, and a sealing gasket is additionally arranged between the detachable sealing cover and the contact surface of the pressure chamber box body; one side of the pressure chamber is provided with a transparent box wall, and the other three side of the pressure chamber are non-transparent box walls; the CCD camera is arranged opposite to the transparent box wall of the pressure chamber, and the lens of the CCD camera faces the transparent box wall; and a water injection hole is formed in the opaque box wall on one side of the pressure chamber, is externally connected with a water injection valve, and is connected with a water source through the water injection valve.
The first axial compression loading assembly comprises an axial compression loading jack, an axial compression loading rod and a first axial compression loading plate; the axial pressure loading jack is vertically and fixedly arranged on the top beam of the main frame, and a piston rod of the axial pressure loading jack faces downwards; the shaft pressure loading rod penetrates through the detachable sealing cover in a sealing mode, the upper end of the shaft pressure loading rod is fixedly connected with the end part of the piston rod of the shaft pressure loading jack, and the lower end of the shaft pressure loading rod is located inside the pressure chamber; the first axial compression loading plate is horizontally and fixedly arranged at the lower end of the axial compression loading rod, and the lower surface of the first axial compression loading plate is in contact with the bulk material sample.
The second shaft pressure loading assembly comprises a shaft pressure loading cylinder and a second shaft pressure loading plate; the axial pressure loading cylinder is vertically and fixedly arranged on the bottom plate of the main frame, a piston rod of the axial pressure loading cylinder penetrates through the bottom plate of the pressure chamber in a sealing mode, and the end part of the piston rod of the axial pressure loading cylinder is positioned in the pressure chamber; and the second shaft pressure loading plate is horizontally and fixedly arranged at the end part of the piston rod of the shaft pressure loading cylinder, and the lower surface of the second shaft pressure loading plate is contacted with the bulk material sample.
The bulk material sample pore pressure loading assembly comprises a pore pressure controller, a pore pressure switch valve and a pore pressure conduction pipe; a pore pressure transmission channel is arranged in a piston rod of the axial pressure loading cylinder, and a pore pressure transmission hole is arranged on the second axial pressure loading plate; a pore pressure output port of the pore pressure controller is externally connected with a pore pressure switch valve; the inlet end of the pore pressure conduction channel is connected with the pore pressure switch valve through a pore pressure conduction pipe, the outlet end of the pore pressure conduction channel is communicated with the pore pressure conduction hole, and the pore pressure conduction hole is communicated with the bulk material sample.
The first mechanical confining pressure loading assembly comprises a first mechanical confining pressure controller, a first mechanical confining pressure loading rod and a first mechanical confining pressure loading plate; the first mechanical confining pressure controller is horizontally and fixedly arranged on the upright post of the main frame; the first mechanical confining pressure loading rod penetrates through the opaque box wall of the pressure chamber in a sealing mode, the outer end of the first mechanical confining pressure loading rod is fixedly connected with the end part of a piston rod of the first mechanical confining pressure controller, and the inner end of the first mechanical confining pressure loading rod is located inside the pressure chamber; the first mechanical confining pressure loading plate is vertically and fixedly arranged at the inner end of the first mechanical confining pressure loading rod, and the inner side surface of the first mechanical confining pressure loading plate is contacted with the bulk material sample.
The second mechanical confining pressure loading assembly comprises a second mechanical confining pressure controller, a second mechanical confining pressure loading rod and a second mechanical confining pressure loading plate; the second mechanical confining pressure controller is horizontally and fixedly arranged on the upright post of the main frame; the second mechanical confining pressure loading rod penetrates through the opaque box wall of the pressure chamber in a sealing mode, the outer end of the second mechanical confining pressure loading rod is fixedly connected with the end part of a piston rod of the second mechanical confining pressure controller, and the inner end of the second mechanical confining pressure loading rod is located inside the pressure chamber; and the second mechanical confining pressure loading plate is vertically and fixedly arranged at the inner end of the second mechanical confining pressure loading rod, and the inner side surface of the second mechanical confining pressure loading plate is contacted with the bulk material sample.
The liquid confining pressure loading assembly comprises a liquid confining pressure controller, a confining pressure switch valve, a confining pressure conduction pipe and a manual three-position three-way valve; a confining pressure output port of the liquid confining pressure controller is externally connected with a confining pressure switch valve; the detachable sealing cover is provided with a confining pressure loading hole, the confining pressure loading hole is externally connected with a manual three-position three-way valve, the manual three-position three-way valve is connected with a confining pressure switch valve through a confining pressure conduction pipe, and an exhaust port is formed in the manual three-position three-way valve.
The first mechanical confining pressure loading plate and the second mechanical confining pressure loading plate are identical in structure and both adopt a double-layer structure, the inner layer of the loading plate is of a pore plate structure, the outer layer of the loading plate is of a solid plate structure, the pore plate of the inner layer of the loading plate is in contact with the bulk material sample, and the pore plate of the inner layer of the loading plate is used as a confining pressure conduction medium.
An intelligent discrete material porosity identification true triaxial experiment method adopts the intelligent discrete material porosity identification true triaxial experiment system, and comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: firstly, detaching a bolt for connecting the detachable sealing cover and the pressure chamber box body, and then controlling a piston rod of the axial pressure loading jack to retract until the detachable sealing cover and the first axial pressure loading plate are lifted away from the pressure chamber;
step two: placing the prepared bulk material sample on the upper surface of a second axial compression loading plate, wherein the bulk material sample is completely wrapped by a heat-shrinkable film;
step three: controlling the first mechanical confining pressure controller and the second mechanical confining pressure controller to act through a computer until the first mechanical confining pressure loading plate and the second mechanical confining pressure loading plate are both contacted with the bulk material sample;
step four: controlling a piston rod of the axial pressure loading jack to extend out until the detachable sealing cover falls back to the pressure chamber box body again, and then completely installing the detached bolt;
step five: continuously controlling the piston rod of the axial pressure loading jack to extend until the first axial pressure loading plate is contacted with the bulk material sample;
step six: firstly, adjusting a manual three-position three-way valve to an exhaust gear, then opening a water injection valve, and starting to inject water into the pressure chamber, wherein in the water injection process, air in the pressure chamber is directly discharged through the manual three-position three-way valve, and when water begins to be discharged from the manual three-position three-way valve, the water injection valve is closed, and the pressure chamber finishes water injection;
step seven: adjusting the manual three-position three-way valve to a confining pressure loading gear, then opening a confining pressure switch valve, controlling a liquid confining pressure controller to act through a computer, and starting confining pressure loading on a bulk material sample until the confining pressure reaches a set value;
step eight: opening a pore pressure switch valve, controlling a pore pressure controller to act through a computer, and starting to load the pore pressure on the discrete material sample until the pore pressure reaches a set value;
step nine: controlling the first mechanical confining pressure controller and the second mechanical confining pressure controller to act through a computer, and carrying out mechanical confining pressure loading on the bulk material sample until the mechanical confining pressure reaches a set value; meanwhile, controlling the actions of an axial pressure loading jack and an axial pressure loading cylinder through a computer, and carrying out axial pressure loading on the bulk material sample until the axial pressure reaches a set value;
step ten: the method comprises the following steps of acquiring images of a discrete material sample through a transparent box wall of a pressure chamber by a CCD (charge coupled device) camera, wherein the opaque box wall of the pressure chamber is used as an image background and is used for distinguishing the contours of the discrete material sample and the pressure chamber; then, carrying out binarization processing on the acquired image through a computer, wherein a black part is an entity part of the discrete material sample, and a white part is a pore of the discrete material sample; and then, counting the areas of the black part and the white part, so that the porosity change process of the discrete material sample in the experimental process can be analyzed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the system and the method for the intelligent identification true triaxial experiment of the porosity of the bulk material, an image processing technology is introduced, the high-precision true triaxial loading can be performed on the bulk material sample, the true triaxial loading is a mode of combining water pressure and mechanical pressurization, and the change of the porosity can be intelligently identified in the loading process of the bulk material sample; the invention also has the characteristics of simple structure, simple and convenient operation, high experiment precision, high experiment accuracy, safety, reliability and low cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent discrete material porosity identification true triaxial experimental system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a pressure chamber of the present invention;
in the figure, 1-main frame, 2-pressure chamber, 3-pressure chamber support, 4-detachable sealing cover, 5-transparent box wall, 6-opaque box wall, 7-water injection valve, 8-axial pressure loading jack, 9-axial pressure loading rod, 10-first axial pressure loading plate, 11-bulk material sample, 12-axial pressure loading cylinder, 13-second axial pressure loading plate, 14-pore pressure controller, 15-pore pressure switch valve, 16-pore pressure transmission tube, 17-pore pressure transmission channel, 18-pore pressure transmission hole, 19-first mechanical confining pressure controller, 20-first mechanical confining pressure loading rod, 21-first mechanical confining pressure loading plate, 22-second mechanical confining pressure controller, 23-second mechanical confining pressure loading rod, 24-second mechanical confining pressure loading plate, 25-liquid confining pressure controller, 26-confining pressure switch valve, 27-confining pressure transmission tube, 28-manual three-position three-way valve, 29-computer.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an intelligent discrete material porosity identification true triaxial experimental system comprises a main frame 1, a pressure chamber 2, a first axial pressure loading assembly, a second axial pressure loading assembly, a first mechanical confining pressure loading assembly, a second mechanical confining pressure loading assembly, a liquid confining pressure loading assembly, a discrete material sample pore pressure loading assembly, a computer and a CCD camera; the pressure chamber 2 is fixedly arranged in the main frame 1 through a pressure chamber support frame 3; the first axial loading assembly is arranged on a top beam of the main frame 1 above the pressure chamber 2; the second axial pressure loading component is arranged on the bottom plate of the main frame 1 below the pressure chamber 2; the first mechanical confining pressure loading assembly is arranged on a vertical column of a main frame 1 on the left side of a pressure chamber 2; the second mechanical confining pressure loading assembly is arranged on the upright post of the main frame 1 on the right side of the pressure chamber 2; the liquid confining pressure loading assembly, the bulk material sample pore pressure loading assembly and the computer 29 are all arranged in the main frame 1; the CCD camera is located outside the main frame 1.
The pressure chamber 2 is of a square structure, the top of the pressure chamber 2 is provided with a detachable sealing cover 4, the detachable sealing cover 4 is connected with the pressure chamber 2 box body through a bolt, and a sealing gasket is additionally arranged between the detachable sealing cover 4 and the contact surface of the pressure chamber 2 box body; one box wall of the pressure chamber 2 is a transparent box wall 5, and the other three box walls are non-transparent box walls 6; the CCD camera is arranged opposite to the transparent box wall 5 of the pressure chamber 2, and the lens of the CCD camera faces the transparent box wall 5; and a water injection hole is formed in the opaque box wall 6 on one surface of the pressure chamber 2, is externally connected with a water injection valve 7, and is connected with a water source through the water injection valve 7.
The first axial compression loading assembly comprises an axial compression loading jack 8, an axial compression loading rod 9 and a first axial compression loading plate 10; the axial pressure loading jack 8 is vertically and fixedly arranged on the top beam of the main frame 1, and a piston rod of the axial pressure loading jack 8 faces downwards; the shaft pressure loading rod 9 penetrates through the detachable sealing cover 4 in a sealing mode, the upper end of the shaft pressure loading rod 9 is fixedly connected with the end part of the piston rod of the shaft pressure loading jack 8, and the lower end of the shaft pressure loading rod 9 is located inside the pressure chamber 2; the first axial compression loading plate 10 is horizontally and fixedly arranged at the lower end of the axial compression loading rod 9, and the lower surface of the first axial compression loading plate 10 is in contact with the bulk material sample 11.
The second shaft pressure loading assembly comprises a shaft pressure loading cylinder 12 and a second shaft pressure loading plate 13; the axial pressure loading cylinder 12 is vertically and fixedly arranged on the bottom plate of the main frame 1, a piston rod of the axial pressure loading cylinder 12 penetrates through the bottom plate of the pressure chamber 2 in a sealing mode, and the end part of the piston rod of the axial pressure loading cylinder 12 is located inside the pressure chamber 2; the second axial compression loading plate 13 is horizontally and fixedly arranged at the end part of the piston rod of the axial compression loading cylinder 12, and the lower surface of the second axial compression loading plate 13 is contacted with the bulk material sample 11.
The bulk material sample pore pressure loading assembly comprises a pore pressure controller 14, a pore pressure switch valve 15 and a pore pressure conduction pipe 16; a pore pressure conduction channel 17 is arranged in the piston rod of the axial pressure loading cylinder 12, and a pore pressure conduction hole 18 is arranged on the second axial pressure loading plate 13; a pore pressure output port of the pore pressure controller 14 is externally connected with a pore pressure switch valve 15; the inlet end of the pore pressure conduction channel 17 is connected with the pore pressure switch valve 15 through the pore pressure conduction pipe 16, the outlet end of the pore pressure conduction channel 17 is communicated with the pore pressure conduction hole 18, and the pore pressure conduction hole 18 is communicated with the bulk material sample 11.
The first mechanical confining pressure loading assembly comprises a first mechanical confining pressure controller 19, a first mechanical confining pressure loading rod 20 and a first mechanical confining pressure loading plate 21; the first mechanical confining pressure controller 19 is horizontally and fixedly arranged on the upright post of the main frame 1; the first mechanical confining pressure loading rod 20 penetrates through the opaque box wall 6 of the pressure chamber 2 in a sealing mode, the outer end of the first mechanical confining pressure loading rod 20 is fixedly connected with the end part of the piston rod of the first mechanical confining pressure controller 19, and the inner end of the first mechanical confining pressure loading rod 20 is located inside the pressure chamber 2; the first mechanical confining pressure loading plate 21 is vertically and fixedly arranged at the inner end of the first mechanical confining pressure loading rod 20, and the inner side surface of the first mechanical confining pressure loading plate 21 is in contact with the bulk material sample 11.
The second mechanical confining pressure loading assembly comprises a second mechanical confining pressure controller 22, a second mechanical confining pressure loading rod 23 and a second mechanical confining pressure loading plate 24; the second mechanical confining pressure controller 22 is horizontally and fixedly arranged on the upright post of the main frame 1; the second mechanical confining pressure loading rod 23 penetrates through the opaque box wall 6 of the pressure chamber 2 in a sealing mode, the outer end of the second mechanical confining pressure loading rod 23 is fixedly connected with the end part of the piston rod of the second mechanical confining pressure controller 22, and the inner end of the second mechanical confining pressure loading rod 23 is located inside the pressure chamber 2; the second mechanical confining pressure loading plate 24 is vertically and fixedly arranged at the inner end of the second mechanical confining pressure loading rod 23, and the inner side surface of the second mechanical confining pressure loading plate 24 is in contact with the bulk material sample 11.
The liquid confining pressure loading assembly comprises a liquid confining pressure controller 25, a confining pressure switch valve 26, a confining pressure conduction pipe 27 and a manual three-position three-way valve 28; a confining pressure output port of the liquid confining pressure controller 25 is externally connected with a confining pressure switch valve 26; a confining pressure loading hole is formed in the detachable sealing cover 4, the confining pressure loading hole is externally connected with a manual three-position three-way valve 28, the manual three-position three-way valve 28 is connected with a confining pressure switch valve 26 through a confining pressure conduction pipe 27, and an exhaust port is formed in the manual three-position three-way valve 28.
The first mechanical confining pressure loading plate 21 and the second mechanical confining pressure loading plate 24 are identical in structure and both adopt a double-layer structure, the inner layer of the loading plate is of a pore plate structure, the outer layer of the loading plate is of a solid plate structure, the pore plate at the inner layer of the loading plate is in contact with the bulk material sample 11, and the pore plate at the inner layer of the loading plate is used as a confining pressure conduction medium.
In this embodiment, the pore pressure controller 14 and the liquid confining pressure controller 25 both adopt GDS standard pressure/volume controllers with model number STDDPCv 2; the first mechanical confining pressure controller 19 and the second mechanical confining pressure controller 22 both adopt microcomputer-controlled electro-hydraulic servo presses with the model number YAW-10000.
An intelligent discrete material porosity identification true triaxial experiment method adopts the intelligent discrete material porosity identification true triaxial experiment system, and comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: firstly, detaching a bolt for connecting the detachable sealing cover 4 and a box body of the pressure chamber 2, and then controlling a piston rod of the axial pressure loading jack 8 to retract until the detachable sealing cover 4 and the first axial pressure loading plate 10 are lifted away from the pressure chamber 2;
step two: placing the prepared discrete material sample 11 on the upper surface of a second axial compression loading plate 13, wherein the discrete material sample 11 is completely wrapped by a heat-shrinkable film;
step three: controlling the first mechanical confining pressure controller 19 and the second mechanical confining pressure controller 22 to act through the computer 29 until the first mechanical confining pressure loading plate 21 and the second mechanical confining pressure loading plate 24 are both contacted with the bulk material sample 11;
step four: the piston rod of the axial pressure loading jack 8 is controlled to extend out until the detachable sealing cover 4 falls back to the box body of the pressure chamber 2 again, and then all the detached bolts are installed back;
step five: continuing to control the extension of the piston rod of the axial pressure loading jack 8 until the first axial pressure loading plate 10 is contacted with the bulk material sample 11;
step six: firstly, adjusting the manual three-position three-way valve 28 to an exhaust gear, then opening the water injection valve 7, and starting to inject water into the pressure chamber 2, wherein in the water injection process, air in the pressure chamber 2 is directly discharged through the manual three-position three-way valve 28, and when water begins to be discharged from the manual three-position three-way valve 28, the water injection valve 7 is closed, and the pressure chamber 2 finishes water injection;
step seven: adjusting a manual three-position three-way valve 28 to a confining pressure loading gear, then opening a confining pressure switch valve 26, controlling a liquid confining pressure controller 25 to act through a computer 29, and starting confining pressure loading on a bulk material sample 11 until the confining pressure reaches a set value;
step eight: firstly, opening a pore pressure switch valve 15, then controlling a pore pressure controller 14 to act through a computer 29, and starting to load the pore pressure on the discrete material sample 11 until the pore pressure reaches a set value;
step nine: controlling the first mechanical confining pressure controller 19 and the second mechanical confining pressure controller 22 to act through the computer 29, and carrying out mechanical confining pressure loading on the bulk material sample 11 until the mechanical confining pressure reaches a set value; meanwhile, the computer 29 controls the axial pressure loading jack 8 and the axial pressure loading cylinder 12 to act, and the axial pressure loading is carried out on the bulk material sample 11 until the axial pressure reaches a set value;
step ten: image acquisition is carried out on the discrete material sample 11 through a CCD camera through the transparent box wall 5 of the pressure chamber 2, wherein the opaque box wall 6 of the pressure chamber 2 is used as an image background for distinguishing the outline of the discrete material sample 11 and the outline of the pressure chamber 2; then, the computer 29 is used for carrying out binarization processing on the collected image, wherein the black part is the solid part of the discrete material sample 11, and the white part is the pore space of the discrete material sample 11; and then, counting the areas of the black part and the white part, so that the porosity change process of the discrete material sample 11 in the experimental process can be analyzed.
The embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent implementations or modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a true triaxial experimental system of bulk material porosity intelligent recognition which characterized in that: the device comprises a main frame, a pressure chamber, a first axial pressure loading assembly, a second axial pressure loading assembly, a first mechanical confining pressure loading assembly, a second mechanical confining pressure loading assembly, a liquid confining pressure loading assembly, a bulk material sample pore pressure loading assembly, a computer and a CCD camera; the pressure chamber is fixedly arranged in the main frame through a pressure chamber supporting frame; the first axial loading assembly is arranged on the top beam of the main frame above the pressure chamber; the second axial pressure loading assembly is arranged on the main frame bottom plate below the pressure chamber; the first mechanical confining pressure loading assembly is arranged on a main frame upright post on the left side of the pressure chamber; the second mechanical confining pressure loading assembly is arranged on the main frame upright post on the right side of the pressure chamber; the liquid confining pressure loading assembly, the bulk material sample pore pressure loading assembly and the computer are all arranged in the main frame; the CCD camera is positioned outside the main frame;
the pressure chamber is of a square structure, a detachable sealing cover is arranged at the top of the pressure chamber, the detachable sealing cover is connected with the pressure chamber box body through a bolt, and a sealing gasket is additionally arranged between the detachable sealing cover and the contact surface of the pressure chamber box body; one side of the pressure chamber is provided with a transparent box wall, and the other three side of the pressure chamber are non-transparent box walls; the CCD camera is arranged opposite to the transparent box wall of the pressure chamber, and the lens of the CCD camera faces the transparent box wall; a water injection hole is formed in the opaque box wall on one side of the pressure chamber, is externally connected with a water injection valve, and is connected with a water source through the water injection valve;
the first axial compression loading assembly comprises an axial compression loading jack, an axial compression loading rod and a first axial compression loading plate; the axial pressure loading jack is vertically and fixedly arranged on the top beam of the main frame, and a piston rod of the axial pressure loading jack faces downwards; the shaft pressure loading rod penetrates through the detachable sealing cover in a sealing mode, the upper end of the shaft pressure loading rod is fixedly connected with the end part of the piston rod of the shaft pressure loading jack, and the lower end of the shaft pressure loading rod is located inside the pressure chamber; the first axial compression loading plate is horizontally and fixedly arranged at the lower end of the axial compression loading rod, and the lower surface of the first axial compression loading plate is contacted with the bulk material sample;
the second shaft pressure loading assembly comprises a shaft pressure loading cylinder and a second shaft pressure loading plate; the axial pressure loading cylinder is vertically and fixedly arranged on the bottom plate of the main frame, a piston rod of the axial pressure loading cylinder penetrates through the bottom plate of the pressure chamber in a sealing mode, and the end part of the piston rod of the axial pressure loading cylinder is positioned in the pressure chamber; the second shaft pressure loading plate is horizontally and fixedly arranged at the end part of the piston rod of the shaft pressure loading cylinder, and the lower surface of the second shaft pressure loading plate is contacted with the bulk material sample;
the bulk material sample pore pressure loading assembly comprises a pore pressure controller, a pore pressure switch valve and a pore pressure conduction pipe; a pore pressure transmission channel is arranged in a piston rod of the axial pressure loading cylinder, and a pore pressure transmission hole is arranged on the second axial pressure loading plate; a pore pressure output port of the pore pressure controller is externally connected with a pore pressure switch valve; the inlet end of the pore pressure conduction channel is connected with the pore pressure switch valve through a pore pressure conduction pipe, the outlet end of the pore pressure conduction channel is communicated with the pore pressure conduction hole, and the pore pressure conduction hole is communicated with the bulk material sample;
the first mechanical confining pressure loading assembly comprises a first mechanical confining pressure controller, a first mechanical confining pressure loading rod and a first mechanical confining pressure loading plate; the first mechanical confining pressure controller is horizontally and fixedly arranged on the upright post of the main frame; the first mechanical confining pressure loading rod penetrates through the opaque box wall of the pressure chamber in a sealing mode, the outer end of the first mechanical confining pressure loading rod is fixedly connected with the end part of a piston rod of the first mechanical confining pressure controller, and the inner end of the first mechanical confining pressure loading rod is located inside the pressure chamber; the first mechanical confining pressure loading plate is vertically and fixedly arranged at the inner end of the first mechanical confining pressure loading rod, and the inner side surface of the first mechanical confining pressure loading plate is contacted with the bulk material sample;
the second mechanical confining pressure loading assembly comprises a second mechanical confining pressure controller, a second mechanical confining pressure loading rod and a second mechanical confining pressure loading plate; the second mechanical confining pressure controller is horizontally and fixedly arranged on the upright post of the main frame; the second mechanical confining pressure loading rod penetrates through the opaque box wall of the pressure chamber in a sealing mode, the outer end of the second mechanical confining pressure loading rod is fixedly connected with the end part of a piston rod of the second mechanical confining pressure controller, and the inner end of the second mechanical confining pressure loading rod is located inside the pressure chamber; the second mechanical confining pressure loading plate is vertically and fixedly arranged at the inner end of the second mechanical confining pressure loading rod, and the inner side surface of the second mechanical confining pressure loading plate is contacted with the bulk material sample;
the liquid confining pressure loading assembly comprises a liquid confining pressure controller, a confining pressure switch valve, a confining pressure conduction pipe and a manual three-position three-way valve; a confining pressure output port of the liquid confining pressure controller is externally connected with a confining pressure switch valve; a confining pressure loading hole is formed in the detachable sealing cover, a manual three-position three-way valve is externally connected with the confining pressure loading hole, the manual three-position three-way valve is connected with a confining pressure switch valve through a confining pressure conduction pipe, and an exhaust port is formed in the manual three-position three-way valve;
the first mechanical confining pressure loading plate and the second mechanical confining pressure loading plate are identical in structure and both adopt a double-layer structure, the inner layer of the loading plate is of a pore plate structure, the outer layer of the loading plate is of a solid plate structure, the pore plate of the inner layer of the loading plate is in contact with the bulk material sample, and the pore plate of the inner layer of the loading plate is used as a confining pressure conduction medium.
2. An intelligent identification true triaxial experiment method for the porosity of a bulk material, which adopts the intelligent identification true triaxial experiment system for the porosity of the bulk material as claimed in claim 1, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: firstly, detaching a bolt for connecting the detachable sealing cover and the pressure chamber box body, and then controlling a piston rod of the axial pressure loading jack to retract until the detachable sealing cover and the first axial pressure loading plate are lifted away from the pressure chamber;
step two: placing the prepared bulk material sample on the upper surface of a second axial compression loading plate, wherein the bulk material sample is completely wrapped by a heat-shrinkable film;
step three: controlling the first mechanical confining pressure controller and the second mechanical confining pressure controller to act through a computer until the first mechanical confining pressure loading plate and the second mechanical confining pressure loading plate are both contacted with the bulk material sample;
step four: controlling a piston rod of the axial pressure loading jack to extend out until the detachable sealing cover falls back to the pressure chamber box body again, and then completely installing the detached bolt;
step five: continuously controlling the piston rod of the axial pressure loading jack to extend until the first axial pressure loading plate is contacted with the bulk material sample;
step six: firstly, adjusting a manual three-position three-way valve to an exhaust gear, then opening a water injection valve, and starting to inject water into the pressure chamber, wherein in the water injection process, air in the pressure chamber is directly discharged through the manual three-position three-way valve, and when water begins to be discharged from the manual three-position three-way valve, the water injection valve is closed, and the pressure chamber finishes water injection;
step seven: adjusting the manual three-position three-way valve to a confining pressure loading gear, then opening a confining pressure switch valve, controlling a liquid confining pressure controller to act through a computer, and starting confining pressure loading on a bulk material sample until the confining pressure reaches a set value;
step eight: opening a pore pressure switch valve, controlling a pore pressure controller to act through a computer, and starting to load the pore pressure on the discrete material sample until the pore pressure reaches a set value;
step nine: controlling the first mechanical confining pressure controller and the second mechanical confining pressure controller to act through a computer, and carrying out mechanical confining pressure loading on the bulk material sample until the mechanical confining pressure reaches a set value; meanwhile, controlling the actions of an axial pressure loading jack and an axial pressure loading cylinder through a computer, and carrying out axial pressure loading on the bulk material sample until the axial pressure reaches a set value;
step ten: the method comprises the following steps of acquiring images of a discrete material sample through a transparent box wall of a pressure chamber by a CCD (charge coupled device) camera, wherein the opaque box wall of the pressure chamber is used as an image background and is used for distinguishing the contours of the discrete material sample and the pressure chamber; then, carrying out binarization processing on the acquired image through a computer, wherein a black part is an entity part of the discrete material sample, and a white part is a pore of the discrete material sample; and then, counting the areas of the black part and the white part, so that the porosity change process of the discrete material sample in the experimental process can be analyzed.
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