CN104849194A - Triaxial seepage stress temperature creep coupling experimental device based on digital image - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于数字图像的三轴渗流应力温度蠕变耦合实验装置，它包含三轴压力室(1)、数字图像观测系统和三轴压力室加热系统，所述的三轴压力室(1)上安装有孔压施加系统、带稳压的轴压施加系统及围压施加系统；所述的孔压施加系统包含孔隙压流体注入管(5)，该孔隙压流体注入管(5)的一端与第一压力泵(8)连接，由第一压力泵(8)提供孔压能量，压力值由数字压力表(9)测量，所述的压力表(9)安装在孔隙压流体注入管(5)上。本发明可以利用本装置研究围压、轴压、孔压、温度、蠕变变形对煤渗透率的影响；能精确、自动化测量蠕变变形，减少人力耗费。
The invention discloses a digital image-based triaxial seepage stress temperature creep coupling experiment device, which comprises a triaxial pressure chamber (1), a digital image observation system and a triaxial pressure chamber heating system, the triaxial pressure chamber (1) A pore pressure application system, an axial pressure application system with stabilizing pressure and a confining pressure application system are installed on it; the pore pressure application system includes a pore pressure fluid injection pipe (5), and the pore pressure fluid injection pipe (5 ) is connected to the first pressure pump (8), the pore pressure energy is provided by the first pressure pump (8), and the pressure value is measured by a digital pressure gauge (9), and the pressure gauge (9) is installed in the pore pressure fluid Injection tube (5). The invention can use the device to study the influence of confining pressure, axial pressure, pore pressure, temperature and creep deformation on coal permeability; it can accurately and automatically measure creep deformation and reduce manpower consumption.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及岩石力学领域，具体涉及一种基于数字图像的三轴渗流应力温度蠕变耦合实验装置。The invention relates to the field of rock mechanics, in particular to a digital image-based triaxial seepage stress temperature creep coupling experimental device.
背景技术Background technique
煤、岩是天然的地质体，长期遭受地应力的作用。人工开挖扰动后，地应力和温度改变，同时还通常遭受长期地应力的作用，这对煤、岩体的渗透性能影响很大，研究应力、温度及长期应力作用对煤岩渗透性的影响规律是岩石工程稳定性分析、煤层瓦斯抽采及灾害防治等工程的关键；Coal and rock are natural geological bodies that have been subjected to in-situ stress for a long time. After manual excavation disturbance, the ground stress and temperature change, and usually suffer from long-term ground stress, which has a great impact on the permeability of coal and rock mass. To study the influence of stress, temperature and long-term stress on the permeability of coal rock Law is the key to rock engineering stability analysis, coal seam gas drainage and disaster prevention and other projects;
现有煤、岩三轴渗流实验装置一般可研究应力对煤岩渗透性的影响，实际煤、岩介质赋存和工作条件复杂，不仅遭受开挖扰动应力的作用，还遭受温度应力、长期地应力作用等，引起煤岩空隙压缩，改变煤岩体的渗透性能。另外，煤、岩介质通常是脆性材料，蠕变变形微小，采用常规方法(如千分表)不易精确测定，且测试过程复杂，需要引入新的方法进行观测。Existing coal and rock triaxial seepage test devices can generally study the influence of stress on coal and rock permeability. The actual coal and rock media have complex occurrence and working conditions, not only subjected to excavation disturbance stress, but also subjected to temperature stress, long-term Stress, etc., cause coal-rock pore compression and change the permeability of coal-rock mass. In addition, coal and rock media are usually brittle materials, and the creep deformation is small. It is difficult to measure accurately by conventional methods (such as dial indicators), and the testing process is complicated. New methods need to be introduced for observation.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明目的是提供一种基于数字图像的三轴渗流应力温度蠕变耦合实验装置，它能有效地解决背景技术中所存在的问题。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a digital image-based triaxial seepage stress temperature creep coupling experimental device, which can effectively solve the problems existing in the background technology.
为了解决背景技术中所存在的问题，它包含三轴压力室1、数字图像观测系统和三轴压力室加热系统，所述的三轴压力室1上安装有孔压施加系统、带稳压的轴压施加系统及围压施加系统；In order to solve the problems existing in the background technology, it includes a triaxial pressure chamber 1, a digital image observation system and a triaxial pressure chamber heating system. The triaxial pressure chamber 1 is equipped with a pore pressure applying system, a Axial pressure application system and confining pressure application system;
所述的孔压施加系统包含孔隙压流体注入管5，该孔隙压流体注入管5的一端与第一压力泵8连接，由第一压力泵8提供孔压能量，压力值由数字压力表9测量，所述的压力表9安装在孔隙压流体注入管5上，所述孔隙压流体注入管5的另一端与三轴压力室1内试样顶端轴压压头连接，并施加孔压与试样端部，所述的第一压力泵8与第一数字压力表9之间设有第一储能器10，该第一储能器10通过导管与孔隙压流体注入管5相连通，达到维持孔压稳定的目的；The pore pressure application system includes a pore pressure fluid injection pipe 5, one end of the pore pressure fluid injection pipe 5 is connected to the first pressure pump 8, and the pore pressure energy is provided by the first pressure pump 8, and the pressure value is determined by the digital pressure gauge 9 For measurement, the pressure gauge 9 is installed on the pore pressure fluid injection pipe 5, and the other end of the pore pressure fluid injection pipe 5 is connected to the top axial pressure head of the sample in the triaxial pressure chamber 1, and the pore pressure and At the end of the sample, a first accumulator 10 is provided between the first pressure pump 8 and the first digital pressure gauge 9, and the first accumulator 10 communicates with the pore pressure fluid injection pipe 5 through a conduit, To achieve the purpose of maintaining pore pressure stability;
所述的轴压施加系统包含轴压流体注入管6，该轴压流体注入管6的一端设有第二压力泵11，由该第二压力泵11提供轴压，其另一端连接第二数字压力表12，再延伸到轴压流体腔b内，所述的第二数字压力表12与轴压流体腔b之间设有第二储能器13，该第二储能器13通过导管与轴压流体注入管6相连通，通过储能器13为试样提供稳定轴压；The axial pressure application system includes an axial pressure fluid injection pipe 6, one end of the axial pressure fluid injection pipe 6 is provided with a second pressure pump 11, the second pressure pump 11 provides axial pressure, and the other end is connected to a second digital The pressure gauge 12 extends into the axial pressure fluid chamber b. A second accumulator 13 is arranged between the second digital pressure gauge 12 and the axial pressure fluid chamber b. The second accumulator 13 communicates with the The axial pressure fluid injection pipe 6 is connected to provide a stable axial pressure for the sample through the accumulator 13;
所述的围压施加系统包含围压流体注入管7，该围压流体注入管7的一端设有第三压力泵14，其另一端经过第三数字压力表15穿过三轴压力室1进入压力室内，并延伸到护筒16内，所述的第三数字压力表15与护筒16之间设有第三储能器18，该第三储能器18通过导管与围压流体注入管7相连通，通过第三压力泵14将流体注入压力室a内提供围压，并通过储能器18保证围压稳定；The confining pressure applying system includes a confining pressure fluid injection pipe 7, one end of which is provided with a third pressure pump 14, and the other end of which enters through the triaxial pressure chamber 1 through a third digital pressure gauge 15. The pressure chamber extends into the casing 16, and a third accumulator 18 is provided between the third digital pressure gauge 15 and the casing 16, and the third accumulator 18 passes through a conduit and a confining pressure fluid injection pipe The 7 phases are connected, and the fluid is injected into the pressure chamber a through the third pressure pump 14 to provide confining pressure, and the confining pressure is guaranteed to be stable through the accumulator 18;
所述的数字图像观测系统包含设置在三轴压力室1附近的数字相机2，该数字相机2正对三轴压力室1的轴向压头端部，所述三轴压力室1的轴向压头端部的表面布设有散斑；The digital image observation system includes a digital camera 2 arranged near the triaxial pressure chamber 1, the digital camera 2 faces the end of the axial pressure head of the triaxial pressure chamber 1, and the axial direction of the triaxial pressure chamber 1 Speckles are arranged on the surface of the end of the indenter;
所述的三轴压力室加热系统包含缠绕在三轴压力室1外侧的加热带20，该加热带20与温控配电控制盒3相连，所述的温控配电控制盒3通过导线与电源相连，所述的三轴压力室1上敷设有温度传感器4，由温度传感器4反馈温度，通过温控配电控制盒3控制加热温度；The triaxial pressure chamber heating system includes a heating belt 20 wound outside the triaxial pressure chamber 1, the heating belt 20 is connected to the temperature control power distribution control box 3, and the temperature control power distribution control box 3 is connected to the The power supply is connected, and a temperature sensor 4 is laid on the triaxial pressure chamber 1, and the temperature is fed back by the temperature sensor 4, and the heating temperature is controlled by the temperature control power distribution control box 3;
所述三轴压力室1的底部设有接触试样的压头，在压头上设置出流管19。The bottom of the triaxial pressure chamber 1 is provided with an indenter contacting the sample, and an outlet pipe 19 is arranged on the indenter.
所述的第一储能器10、第二储能器13和第三储能器18上均设有泄水阀门17。The first accumulator 10 , the second accumulator 13 and the third accumulator 18 are all provided with a drain valve 17 .
由于采用了以上技术方案，本发明具有以下有益效果：可以利用本装置研究围压、轴压、孔压、温度、蠕变变形对煤渗透率的影响；能精确、自动化测量蠕变变形，减少人力耗费。Due to the adoption of the above technical scheme, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the device can be used to study the influence of confining pressure, axial pressure, pore pressure, temperature, and creep deformation on coal permeability; it can accurately and automatically measure creep deformation, reducing Manpower consumption.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明，下面将结合附图对实施例作简单的介绍。In order to illustrate the present invention more clearly, the embodiments will be briefly introduced below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
图1是本发明中三轴压力室的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the structural representation of triaxial pressure chamber among the present invention;
图2是本发明中数字图像观测系统图；Fig. 2 is a digital image observation system diagram among the present invention;
图3是本发明中三轴压力室与温控配电控制盒的连接关系图。Fig. 3 is a diagram of the connection relationship between the triaxial pressure chamber and the temperature control power distribution control box in the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。In order to make the technical means, creative features, goals and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
参看图1-3，本具体实施方式是采用以下技术方案予以实现，它包含三轴压力室1、数字图像观测系统和三轴压力室加热系统，所述的三轴压力室1上安装有孔压施加系统、带稳压的轴压施加系统及围压施加系统；Referring to Figures 1-3, this specific embodiment is realized by adopting the following technical scheme, which includes a triaxial pressure chamber 1, a digital image observation system and a triaxial pressure chamber heating system, and the described triaxial pressure chamber 1 is equipped with holes Pressure application system, axial pressure application system with stabilized pressure and confining pressure application system;
所述的孔压施加系统包含孔隙压流体注入管5，该孔隙压流体注入管5的一端与第一压力泵8连接，由第一压力泵8提供孔压能量，压力值由数字压力表9测量，所述的压力表9安装在孔隙压流体注入管5上，所述孔隙压流体注入管5的另一端与三轴压力室1内试样顶端轴压压头连接，并施加孔压与试样端部，所述的第一压力泵8与第一数字压力表9之间设有第一储能器10，该第一储能器10通过导管与孔隙压流体注入管5相连通，达到维持孔压稳定的目的；The pore pressure application system includes a pore pressure fluid injection pipe 5, one end of the pore pressure fluid injection pipe 5 is connected to the first pressure pump 8, and the pore pressure energy is provided by the first pressure pump 8, and the pressure value is determined by the digital pressure gauge 9 For measurement, the pressure gauge 9 is installed on the pore pressure fluid injection pipe 5, and the other end of the pore pressure fluid injection pipe 5 is connected to the top axial pressure head of the sample in the triaxial pressure chamber 1, and the pore pressure and At the end of the sample, a first accumulator 10 is provided between the first pressure pump 8 and the first digital pressure gauge 9, and the first accumulator 10 communicates with the pore pressure fluid injection pipe 5 through a conduit, To achieve the purpose of maintaining pore pressure stability;
所述的轴压施加系统包含轴压流体注入管6，该轴压流体注入管6的一端设有第二压力泵11，由该第二压力泵11提供轴压，其另一端连接第二数字压力表12，再延伸到轴压流体腔b内，所述的第二数字压力表12与轴压流体腔b之间设有第二储能器13，该第二储能器13通过导管与轴压流体注入管6相连通，通过储能器13为试样提供稳定轴压；The axial pressure application system includes an axial pressure fluid injection pipe 6, one end of the axial pressure fluid injection pipe 6 is provided with a second pressure pump 11, the second pressure pump 11 provides axial pressure, and the other end is connected to a second digital The pressure gauge 12 extends into the axial pressure fluid chamber b. A second accumulator 13 is arranged between the second digital pressure gauge 12 and the axial pressure fluid chamber b. The second accumulator 13 communicates with the The axial pressure fluid injection pipe 6 is connected to provide a stable axial pressure for the sample through the accumulator 13;
所述的围压施加系统包含围压流体注入管7，该围压流体注入管7的一端设有第三压力泵14，其另一端经过第三数字压力表15穿过三轴压力室1进入压力室内，并延伸到护筒16内，所述的第三数字压力表15与护筒16之间设有第三储能器18，该第三储能器18通过导管与围压流体注入管7相连通，通过第三压力泵14将流体注入压力室a内提供围压，并通过储能器18保证围压稳定；The confining pressure applying system includes a confining pressure fluid injection pipe 7, one end of which is provided with a third pressure pump 14, and the other end of which enters through the triaxial pressure chamber 1 through a third digital pressure gauge 15. The pressure chamber extends into the casing 16, and a third accumulator 18 is provided between the third digital pressure gauge 15 and the casing 16, and the third accumulator 18 passes through a conduit and a confining pressure fluid injection pipe The 7 phases are connected, and the fluid is injected into the pressure chamber a through the third pressure pump 14 to provide confining pressure, and the confining pressure is guaranteed to be stable through the accumulator 18;
所述的数字图像观测系统包含设置在三轴压力室1附近的数字相机2，该数字相机2正对三轴压力室1的轴向压头端部，所述三轴压力室1的轴向压头端部的表面布设有散斑。The digital image observation system includes a digital camera 2 arranged near the triaxial pressure chamber 1, the digital camera 2 faces the end of the axial pressure head of the triaxial pressure chamber 1, and the axial direction of the triaxial pressure chamber 1 Speckles are arranged on the surface of the end of the indenter.
所述的三轴压力室加热系统包含缠绕在三轴压力室1外侧的加热带20，该加热带20与温控配电控制盒3相连，所述的温控配电控制盒3通过导线与电源相连，所述的三轴压力室1上敷设有温度传感器4，由温度传感器4反馈温度，通过温控配电控制盒3控制加热温度；The triaxial pressure chamber heating system includes a heating belt 20 wound outside the triaxial pressure chamber 1, the heating belt 20 is connected to the temperature control power distribution control box 3, and the temperature control power distribution control box 3 is connected to the The power supply is connected, and a temperature sensor 4 is laid on the triaxial pressure chamber 1, and the temperature is fed back by the temperature sensor 4, and the heating temperature is controlled by the temperature control power distribution control box 3;
所述三轴压力室1的底部设有接触试样的压头，在压头上设置出流管19。The bottom of the triaxial pressure chamber 1 is provided with an indenter contacting the sample, and an outlet pipe 19 is arranged on the indenter.
所述的第一储能器10、第二储能器13和第三储能器18上均设有泄水阀门17。The first accumulator 10 , the second accumulator 13 and the third accumulator 18 are all provided with a drain valve 17 .
实施例1Example 1
参看图1-3，利用本实验装置完成应力渗流温度耦合实验过程：安装试件后，施加围压、轴压至预定值，然后加热三轴压力室1至预定温度，再施加孔压，测量不同围压、轴压和温度下的渗透率。Referring to Figures 1-3, this experimental device is used to complete the stress-seepage-temperature coupling experiment process: after installing the specimen, apply confining pressure and axial pressure to the predetermined value, then heat the triaxial pressure chamber 1 to the predetermined temperature, then apply the pore pressure, and measure Permeability at different confining pressure, axial pressure and temperature.
实施例2Example 2
参看图1-3，利用本实验装置完成应力渗流蠕变耦合实验过程：安装试件后，施加围压、轴压至预定值，经过一段时间后利用数字图像观测系统测试轴向应变值，然后施加孔压，采用稳定流法测试渗透率，然后再经过一段时间，重复上述过程，获得不同蠕变时间的渗透率。Referring to Figure 1-3, this experimental device is used to complete the stress-seepage-creep coupling experiment process: after installing the specimen, apply confining pressure and axial pressure to the predetermined value, after a period of time, use the digital image observation system to test the axial strain value, and then The pore pressure is applied, the permeability is tested by the steady flow method, and then after a period of time, the above process is repeated to obtain the permeability at different creep times.
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that it can still be Modifications are made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent replacements are made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.
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| CN105158144A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2015-12-16 | 山东科技大学 | Test method for coal matrix deformation mechanical parameters |
| CN105510144A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-04-20 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Parallel-type rock temperature, seepage and stress coupling triaxial rheometer |
| CN105675418A (en) * | 2016-03-21 | 2016-06-15 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Oil-gas reservoir rock multi-field coupling hardness testing device and using method thereof |
| CN105806763A (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2016-07-27 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Visualized test device for hot dry rock crack seepage and heat exchange process |
| CN106769691A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-05-31 | 三峡大学 | The measuring equipment and its method for measurement of a kind of seepage force |
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| CN109307644A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-02-05 | 重庆大学 | A device for observing full-field deformation of rock under seepage conditions |
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| CN111579385A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-08-25 | 山东大学 | Device and method for low temperature hydraulic coupling test of rock-like resin material |
| CN111735716A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-10-02 | 四川大学 | Rock temperature-stress coupled creep test device and test method in water environment |
| CN112903470A (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2021-06-04 | 东北大学 | High-temperature seepage coupling experimental device and method based on hard rock true triaxial system |
| CN112903470B (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2022-03-25 | 东北大学 | High-temperature seepage coupling experimental device and method based on hard rock true triaxial system |
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