CN103339759A - 用于锂离子电芯的导电箔，锂离子蓄电池以及带有锂离子蓄电池的机动车辆 - Google Patents
用于锂离子电芯的导电箔，锂离子蓄电池以及带有锂离子蓄电池的机动车辆 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 title abstract description 9
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000005030 aluminium foil Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 claims 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 6
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 3
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical group [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
- B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
- H01M50/534—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the material of the leads or tabs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于带有至少一个锂离子电芯的锂离子蓄电池的负电极的导电箔。所述导电箔(10)具有铝箔(11)，所述铝箔在两侧覆盖有由铜或镍构成的金属涂层(12)。此外还涉及一种锂离子蓄电池和一种带有锂离子蓄电池的机动车辆。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于带有至少一个锂离子电芯的锂离子蓄电池的负电极的导电箔、一种锂离子蓄电池以及一种带有用于驱动机动车辆的电驱动马达和与电驱动马达连接或可连接的锂离子蓄电池的机动车辆。
背景技术
锂离子电芯具有至少一个正电极和负电极(阴极和阳极)，其可以可逆地嵌入(存储)或再次脱嵌(释放)锂离子(Li+)。提及的锂离子电芯、锂离子聚合物电芯、锂离子电芯、锂离子电池、蓄电池和锂离子电池系统很大程度上作为同义词使用。
对锂离子蓄电池在单位重量能量密度(单位是Wh/kg)方面的要求很高，以例如实现由电动马达驱动的机动车辆尽可能大的有效行程范围。锂离子电芯的额定容量由所谓的活性材料确定。但在每个锂离子电芯内还有所谓的“非活性材料”或“惰性材料(Totmaterial)”，其因此影响锂离子电芯的能量密度。其中包括例如导电材料、电极粘合剂、分隔件、导电箔以及电芯或蓄电池的自身外壳。
导电箔用于电接触和电连接正电极及负电极。
美国专利文件US 20080107961A1示范性描述了锂离子电芯的结构。
一般使用铝箔作为锂离子电芯中的导电箔来接触正电极。与之相反，在负电极侧使用铜箔，这是因为在负电极侧使用铝箔时由于给定电势导致锂和铝的熔合。一般使用厚度为大约13至17μm的铝箔和厚度为大约12μm的铜箔作为导电箔。
使用铜箔作为导电箔导致更大的生产成本。此外，因此引入一种非活性材料，其与铝相比具有更大的晶体密度。这样铝具有2.7g/m3的密度，铜具有8.9g/m3的密度。为此使用铜作为导电箔对锂离子电芯的单位重量能量密度有不利影响。
德国专利文件DE 103 44 637 A1公开了一种用于锂聚合物电池的导体，在其上面涂有一层不含碳的、导电的底漆层。在此，所述层由相对于一般的含有碳的底漆具有更好导电性的金属构成。在针对正电极和负电极的适用性方面所述导体没有区别。所述导体优选由铝和铜构成，因此在使用铜作为导体时出现上述缺陷。
发明内容
依据本发明提供一种用于锂离子电芯的负电极侧的基于铝的导电箔，其两侧设有金属涂层，所述金属涂层在锂离子电芯运行时阻止与锂离子的熔合。所述金属涂层由铜或镍构成。优选地还要为导电箔的边缘涂上涂层。
由此得到一种导电箔，其相对于根据现有技术的铜箔在重量上有所减小。
因此可以针对负电极利用铝的重量优势并且同时避免由于锂而产生熔合物的缺陷。
优选地，生产依据本发明的导电箔时，并非从用于正电极侧的、由铝构成的常见的导电箔开始，而是使用更薄的铝箔，使得在两侧涂有铜或镍的涂层后还保持有大约12μm的厚度。例如，铜涂层可以分别有1μm厚，使得铝芯的厚度为10μm。涂层或导电箔整体厚度的其他尺寸当然也是可行的，其中位于外侧的涂层应尽可能薄。因此，在箔厚度相同的条件下实现了比通常使用铜箔的情况下更小的重量。
因此铝芯箔优选比两个外侧的涂层加起来还要厚。
通过在两侧在铝箔上涂覆薄的铜箔或涂层来批量生产依据本发明的导电箔。作为替换方案的是，也可以使用镍用于表面处理。
优选通过以下方式在铝箔上面涂覆由铜或镍构成的薄涂层：
a)电镀，
b)滚压包层法，或
c)离子射线涂层方法。
通过所有这些方式都能确保涂覆的涂层没有瑕疵，这是因为否则会导致锂嵌入到位于两个涂层之间的铝箔内。
令人吃惊的是，依据本发明的导电箔在锂离子电芯中是长时间稳定的。此外，所述导电箔显示出在长时间循环使用及储存时与带有常规的由铜构成的导电体的参考电芯相同的电性能和一致的特性。
依据本发明的导电箔及其类似的特性尤其让人惊讶，这是因为铜涂层或镍涂层在电芯的储存和运行过程中与铝箔脱离原本被视为是不能排除的。这对于所述锂离子电芯的电化学性能非常不利。
特别优选的是带有导电箔的锂离子电芯，其通过滚压包层法或离子射线涂层方法制造，这是因为它们在上述对比试验中达到最好的结果。
本发明的主题还涉及一种带有至少一个锂离子电芯的、配有所述导电箔的锂离子蓄电池以及一种带有用于驱动机动车辆的电驱动马达和与电驱动马达连接或可连接的锂离子蓄电池的机动车辆。
从属权利要求和说明书给出本发明的有利的改进方案。
附图说明
借助于附图及其描述进一步解释本发明的实施例。图示如下：
图1是依据本发明的用于锂离子电芯负电极的导电箔的剖面侧视图。
具体实施方式
图1示出用于未示出的锂离子电芯的导电箔10的结构。所述导电箔10具有由铝箔11构成的芯，其在两侧都覆盖有金属涂层12。所述金属涂层12阻止锂在锂离子电芯运行时与铝箔熔合。所述涂层12优选由铜或镍构成。由于使用依据本发明的导电箔10应该能得到重量优化的导电箔10，所以要相应地测算所述铝箔11和两个涂层12的尺寸，也就是所述涂层12实施为尽可能薄。
Claims (7)
1.一种用于带有至少一个锂离子电芯的锂离子蓄电池的负电极的导电箔，其特征在于，所述导电箔(10)具有铝箔(11)，所述铝箔在两侧覆盖有由铜或镍构成的金属涂层(12)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的导电箔，其特征在于，所述金属涂层(12)是通过电镀方法涂覆的。
3.根据权利要求1所述的导电箔，其特征在于，所述金属涂层(12)是通过滚压包层法涂覆的。
4.根据权利要求1所述的导电箔，其特征在于，所述金属涂层(12)是借助于离子射线涂层方法涂覆的。
5.根据权利要求1至4其中任一项所述的导电箔，其特征在于，所述铝箔(11)具有比在两侧涂覆的涂层(12)的厚度之和更大的厚度。
6.一种带有至少一个锂离子电芯的锂离子蓄电池，其在负电极侧具有根据权利要求1至4其中任一项所述的导电箔(10)。
7.一种带有用于驱动机动车辆的电驱动马达和与电驱动马达连接或能连接的、依据权利要求6所述的锂离子蓄电池的机动车辆。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102010062852.2 | 2010-12-10 | ||
| DE102010062852A DE102010062852A1 (de) | 2010-12-10 | 2010-12-10 | Ableiterfolie für eine Lithium-Ionen-Zelle, Lithium-Ionen-Akkumulator sowie Kraftfahrzeug mit einem Lithium-Ionen-Akkumulator |
| PCT/EP2011/070644 WO2012076327A1 (de) | 2010-12-10 | 2011-11-22 | Ableiterfolie für eine lithium-ionen-zelle, lithium-ionen-akkumulator sowie kraftfahrzeug mit einem lithium-ionen-akkumulator |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103339759A true CN103339759A (zh) | 2013-10-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011800594945A Pending CN103339759A (zh) | 2010-12-10 | 2011-11-22 | 用于锂离子电芯的导电箔，锂离子蓄电池以及带有锂离子蓄电池的机动车辆 |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20140015453A1 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP2649660A1 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN103339759A (zh) |
| DE (1) | DE102010062852A1 (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2012076327A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9608245B2 (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2017-03-28 | Johnson Controls Technology Company | System for providing structural integrity of a battery module |
| CA3136848A1 (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2020-10-22 | 2555663 Ontario Limited | Lithium metal anode assemblies and an apparatus and method of making same |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0690517A1 (en) * | 1994-05-30 | 1996-01-03 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | rechargeable lithium battery |
| CN1336781A (zh) * | 2000-07-27 | 2002-02-20 | 伊斯曼柯达公司 | 在有机光发射元件中沉积铝－锂合金阴极的方法 |
| CN1565149A (zh) * | 2001-10-04 | 2005-01-12 | 奥克-三井有限公司 | 用作嵌置无源器件的电极并涂覆有镍的铜 |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2100258A (en) * | 1936-02-15 | 1937-11-23 | Reynolds Metals Co | Composite body of copper and aluminum or copper and magnesium, and method of making same |
| DE825193C (de) * | 1949-04-02 | 1951-12-17 | Mond Nickel Co Ltd | Mehrschichten-Metallblech |
| DE10344637B4 (de) | 2003-09-25 | 2011-08-11 | Dilo Trading Ag | Ableiter für Elektroden, Verfahren zur Herstellung von Elektrodenableitern und Verwendung eines Ableiters |
| US7682745B2 (en) * | 2004-10-29 | 2010-03-23 | Medtronic, Inc. | Medical device having lithium-ion battery |
| KR100823193B1 (ko) | 2006-11-02 | 2008-04-18 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 이차 전지 |
| CN101383407A (zh) * | 2008-10-21 | 2009-03-11 | 谢志美 | 一种锂离子电池正极极耳材料及其制备方法 |
| JP5684462B2 (ja) * | 2008-12-22 | 2015-03-11 | 昭和電工パッケージング株式会社 | 正極タブリード及び電池 |
| KR20100127983A (ko) * | 2009-05-27 | 2010-12-07 | 양점식 | 경량화된 2차전지용 음극집전체 |
-
2010
- 2010-12-10 DE DE102010062852A patent/DE102010062852A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2011
- 2011-11-22 CN CN2011800594945A patent/CN103339759A/zh active Pending
- 2011-11-22 EP EP11788118.5A patent/EP2649660A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2011-11-22 WO PCT/EP2011/070644 patent/WO2012076327A1/de active Application Filing
- 2011-11-22 US US13/992,448 patent/US20140015453A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0690517A1 (en) * | 1994-05-30 | 1996-01-03 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | rechargeable lithium battery |
| CN1336781A (zh) * | 2000-07-27 | 2002-02-20 | 伊斯曼柯达公司 | 在有机光发射元件中沉积铝－锂合金阴极的方法 |
| CN1565149A (zh) * | 2001-10-04 | 2005-01-12 | 奥克-三井有限公司 | 用作嵌置无源器件的电极并涂覆有镍的铜 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102010062852A1 (de) | 2012-06-21 |
| WO2012076327A1 (de) | 2012-06-14 |
| US20140015453A1 (en) | 2014-01-16 |
| EP2649660A1 (de) | 2013-10-16 |
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