CN103337829A - Semi-controlled passive injection current high voltage direct current breaker and realization method thereof - Google Patents
Semi-controlled passive injection current high voltage direct current breaker and realization method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103337829A CN103337829A CN2013102799601A CN201310279960A CN103337829A CN 103337829 A CN103337829 A CN 103337829A CN 2013102799601 A CN2013102799601 A CN 2013102799601A CN 201310279960 A CN201310279960 A CN 201310279960A CN 103337829 A CN103337829 A CN 103337829A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a breaker of a direct current system, in particular to a semi-controlled passive injection current high voltage direct current breaker and a realization method thereof. The breaker comprises a high speed switch-IGBT1 (Insulated Gate Bipolar Translator1) module series branch, a non-linear resistor branch connected in parallel with the branch, and a bridge circuit consisting of power electronic devices, a capacitor, a reactor and a resistor. The breaker can charge an injection current capacitor directly from the running direct current system without an auxiliary circuit; with the adoption of a high speed mechanical switch, the advantage of low loss during normal breakover is kept; bidirectional current can be broken without an arc quickly; the breaker is novel in circuit topological structure, mature in technology, easy to realize, great in current breaking capability and high in withstand voltage level; and the cost is lowered greatly since the power electronic devices are mainly semi-controlled.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of circuit breaker of direct current system, be specifically related to a kind of half control type passive injection current type high voltage direct current circuit breaker and its implementation.
Background technology
Along with the application that begins based on the flexible direct current of the multiterminal of voltage source converter (VSC) and direct current network technology, Fast DC Circuit Breaker becomes one of key equipment that guarantees the system stability safe and reliable operation.In AC system, there are two natural zero-crossing points in alternating current in one-period, AC circuit breaker is utilized the natural zero-crossing point cut-off current of electric current just, and in direct current system, there is not the natural zero-crossing point in direct current, thus direct current cut-off the difficulty of cut-offfing more than alternating current.
Breaking direct current has three kinds of modes usually, a kind of is to exchange on the basis of mechanical chopper in routine, by increasing auxiliary circuit, the oscillating current of superposition amplification on the direct current that cut-offs the arc gap, cut-off circuit when utilizing current over-zero, the mechanical type circuit breaker that utilizes this principle to make can't satisfy the requirement of multiterminal flexible DC power transmission system on break-time; A kind of is to utilize the high-power power electronic device of turn-offing, directly the disjunction direct current utilizes the solid circuit breaker of this principle manufacturing, though can satisfy the requirement of the flexible direct current system of multiterminal in time, but the loss when normally is excessive, and economy is relatively poor; A kind of is the mode that adopts mechanical switch and power electronic device to mix, normal operation is through-flow by mechanical switch, cutting machine tool switch during fault, the arc voltage that utilize to produce with current transfer to the power electronic device branch road that is connected in parallel, then by the power electronic device breaking current.Both lower on-state loss based on this principle circuit breaker, improved breaking speed again, but needed to use a large amount of full control device series connection, technical difficulty is big, the manufacturing cost height, and when short circuit current can tolerate current peak above single full control device, its cost will be near double.
Summary of the invention
At the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide the passive injection current type of a kind of half control type high voltage direct current circuit breaker, another purpose provides the implementation method of the passive injection current type of a kind of half control type high voltage direct current circuit breaker, the present invention can not need to install auxiliary circuit directly to injecting the capacitor charging of electric current from the direct current system of operation; Adopt the high speed machine switch, kept low-loss advantage when normally, and can realize quick, no arc ground disjunction bidirectional current, the power electronic device that circuit topological structure uses has reduced cost largely based on half control type device.
The objective of the invention is to adopt following technical proposals to realize:
The invention provides the passive injection current type of a kind of half control type high voltage direct current circuit breaker, its improvements are that described circuit breaker comprises speed-sensitive switch-IGBT
1Module series arm and nonlinear resistor branch road and the bridge circuit in parallel with this branch road, capacitor-reactor series arm is connected in the midpoint of described bridge circuit two brachium pontis; Thyristor module-IGBT
2The module parallel branch connects the end points place with described bridge circuit two brachium pontis.
Wherein, described speed-sensitive switch-IGBT
1The module series arm comprises speed-sensitive switch K and at least one group of IGBT that is connected in series
1Module; Described IGBT
1Module comprises two IGBT of series connection in the other direction, and the equal inverse parallel in described IGBT two ends has diode; Described speed-sensitive switch K is made up of at least one mechanical switch, when comprising two above mechanical switchs, is cascaded structure.
Wherein, described nonlinear resistor branch road adopts metal oxide pressure-limiting device MOV to realize.
Wherein, in parallel again after four groups the thyristor valve of parallel connection is connected in twos in the other direction, two brachium pontis of formation bridge circuit; Four groups of opposite direction thyristor valves in parallel are used thyristor valve T respectively
1, thyristor valve T
2, thyristor valve T
3With thyristor valve T
4Expression; Described thyristor valve is composed in series by thyristor.
Wherein, described capacitor-reactor series arm is composed in series by capacitor C and reactor L.
Wherein, described thyristor module-IGBT
2The module parallel branch comprises thyristor module T and resistance R-IGBT in parallel
2The module series arm; Described thyristor module T is made up of antiparallel thyristor; Described resistance R-IGBT
2The module series arm is by resistance R and IGBT
2Module is composed in series; Described IGBT
2Module comprises two IGBT of series connection in the other direction, and the equal inverse parallel in described IGBT two ends has diode.
The present invention is based on the implementation method of the passive injection current type of a kind of half control type high voltage direct current circuit breaker that another purpose provides, its improvements are, described method is at the normal operation of direct current system and two kinds of situations of ground short circuit fault take place implement different operations.
Wherein, when direct current system was normally moved, described speed-sensitive switch K closure kept IGBT
1Module is in the triggering state, and electric current is through speed-sensitive switch K, IGBT
1The module conducting; Described capacitor C two ends initial voltage is zero;
When capacitor C is charged, trigger IGBT
2Module, thyristor valve T
1, T
4And T
3, locking IGBT subsequently
1Module, electric current are forced and are transferred to R-IGBT
2-T
4-T
3In the loop, described condenser voltage rises to after the pressure drop of resistance R two ends equates, thyristor valve T
1Turn-off, get and to finish; Trigger IGBT subsequently
1Module, locking IGBT
2Module, electric current are transferred to speed-sensitive switch-IGBT again
1In the module series arm.
Wherein,
When direct current system generation ground short circuit fault, according to short circuit current direction and capacitor C voltage direction, trigger thyristor module T, thyristor valve T
4, T
2Combination or thyristor valve T
3And T
1Combination, capacitor C flows through the short circuit current of speed-sensitive switch K to thyristor module T, thyristor valve T through reactor L discharge
4, capacitor C, reactor L and thyristor valve T
2The place branch road shifts until zero passage;
Or the short circuit current that flows through speed-sensitive switch K is to thyristor valve T
3, capacitor C, reactor L and thyristor valve T
1The place branch road shifts until zero passage;
Speed-sensitive switch-IGBT
1Behind the module series arm current over-zero, disjunction speed-sensitive switch K;
Short circuit current is to capacitor C charging, and when condenser voltage polarity inversion, and when reaching first voltage levvl, the nonlinear resistor branch impedance reduces, and short circuit current is transferred in the nonlinear resistor branch road and is consumed absorption, and described circuit breaker is finished disjunction; Described first voltage levvl refers to the voltage levvl that is higher than system voltage.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect that reaches of the present invention is:
1, the passive injection current type of half control type provided by the invention high voltage direct current circuit breaker, principle based on the active injection current system of tradition disjunction direct current, introduced power electronic device on this basis, can not need to install auxiliary circuit directly to injecting the capacitor charging of electric current from the direct current system of operation.Adopt the high speed machine switch, kept low-loss advantage when normally, and can realize quick, no arc ground disjunction bidirectional current.The circuit topological structure novelty, technology maturation is easy to realize that the breaking current ability is big, withstand voltage grade height, and the power electronic device of using has reduced cost largely based on half control type device.
When 2, circuit breaker provided by the present invention normally moved, by high speed machine switch and the circulation of low amounts of power electronic device, on-state loss was little;
3, circuit breaker provided by the present invention can realize that the non-arc breaking of mechanical switch is disconnected, can prolong the useful life of switch, improves the breaking speed of switch, is easy to realize all pressures problem when mechanical switch is connected in series;
In direct current system, seal in capacitor when 4, circuit breaker provided by the present invention moves, have metering function concurrently;
5, circuit breaker topology provided by the present invention is used and is mainly half control type power electronic device, and number is few, possesses the ability of two-way cut-out electric current, and compared to solid-state property or the hybrid circuit-breaker based on full control device, cost obviously reduces;
6, circuit breaker provided by the present invention can be realized being the capacitor makeup energy from the direct current system that inserts, and does not need to set up accessory power supply, has reduced equipment volume, has simplified structure;
7, breaker structure novelty provided by the present invention is swift in motion, and the breaking current ability is big, and withstand voltage grade height is easy to realize.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the passive injection current type of half control type provided by the invention high voltage direct current circuit breaker topology diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
The passive injection current type of half control type provided by the invention high voltage direct current circuit breaker topology diagram inserts in the direct current system by port one and 2 series connection as shown in Figure 1, comprises by speed-sensitive switch-IGBT
1Module series arm, and the nonlinear resistor branch road that is connected in parallel with this branch road and form bridge circuit by power electronic device, capacitor, reactor, resistance.Described speed-sensitive switch K is made up of at least one mechanical switch, when comprising two above mechanical switchs, is cascaded structure, is called for short the high speed machine switch.
Two brachium pontis of the bridge circuit of parallel connection formation again after four groups of thyristor valves that are connected in parallel in the other direction are connected in series in twos, four groups of opposite direction thyristor valves in parallel are used thyristor valve T respectively
1, thyristor valve T
2, thyristor valve T
3With thyristor valve T
4Expression.Capacitor C-reactor L branch road is connected in series in two brachium pontis mid points, resistance R and one group of two IGBT that connect in the other direction
2After being connected in series, module is connected in parallel in two brachium pontis end points with one group of anti-parallel thyristor.All there is the inverse parallel diode at each IGBT two ends.
IGBT
1Module comprises two IGBT of series connection in the other direction.IGBT
2Module comprises two IGBT of series connection in the other direction, and described IGBT all has the inverse parallel diode by the IGBT two ends; The nonlinear resistor branch road adopts metal oxide pressure-limiting device MOV(lightning arrester) realize.
The present invention also provides the implementation method of the passive injection current type of a kind of half control type high voltage direct current circuit breaker, implements different operations at two kinds of situations of the normal operation of direct current system and generation ground short circuit fault.
(1) when direct current system is normally moved, when flowing through among Fig. 1 directional current shown in the arrow, high speed machine K switch closure keeps IGBT
1Module is in the triggering state, and electric current is through high speed machine K switch, IGBT
1Module, D
1Conducting.IGBT
1The voltage of the required tolerance of module is low, makes that its on state resistance is low, so system is when normally moving, and the loss that circuit breaker of the present invention produces will be very little.This topology circuit breaker does not have accessory power supply, and capacitor two ends initial voltage is zero.In the time of need charging to capacitor C, trigger IGBT
2Module, thyristor valve T
1, T
4And T
3, locking IGBT subsequently
1Module, electric current are forced and are transferred to R-IGBT
2-T
4-T
3In the branch road, condenser voltage rises to after the pressure drop of resistance two ends equates, thyristor valve T
1Turn-off, get and to finish; Trigger IGBT subsequently
1Module, locking IGBT
2Module, electric current are transferred to K, IGBT again
1In the module.
(2) when direct current system during in port 2 side generation ground short circuit faults, trigger thyristor module T, thyristor valve T
4And T
2, capacitor C flows through the short circuit current of high speed machine K switch rapidly to thyristor module T, thyristor valve T through reactor L discharge
4, capacitor C, reactor L and thyristor valve T
2The place branch road shifts until zero passage.Can select suitable reactor sense value to control the transfer velocity of electric current in this process.After this, because the unidirectional conduction of power electronic device makes the electric current that flows through the high speed machine switch will keep zero passage a period of time, depend on pre-charge voltage, capacitance and the inductance value of short circuit current developing characteristics, electric capacity.During this period of time the high speed machine switch is carried out disjunction, disjunction is hundred delicate levels time of delay, whole operate time is at Millisecond, its effect is similar to isolating switch used in the AC system, can not produce electric arc in the breaking course, can not cause damage to switch contact, and be conducive to allow high speed machine K switch tachyphylaxis reach system's overvoltage of lightning arrester threshold level.
Short circuit current is through R-T-T
4-C-L-T
2Circulation, to capacitor C charging, when capacitance voltage polarity inversion, and when reaching the lightning arrester threshold level, the lightning arrester impedance reduces rapidly, and short circuit current is transferred in the lightning arrester branch road and is consumed absorption, and circuit breaker is finished disjunction.In this process, need to select suitable capacitor appearance value, guarantee that the voltage build-up rate at its two ends must not be higher than mechanical switch tolerant voltage in the disconnection process.
When system flow is crossed and reciprocal running current shown in Figure 1, and the ground short circuit fault is when occurring in the port one side, and electric capacity charging and circuit breaker action sequence are the same with above-mentioned action sequence, only needs to trigger that power electronic device is replaced and the device of each self-reversal.
Half control type provided by the invention passive injection current type high voltage direct current circuit breaker and its implementation, by high speed machine switch and the circulation of low amounts of power electronic device, on-state loss is little; The non-arc breaking that can realize the high speed machine switch is disconnected, can prolong the useful life of switch, improves the breaking speed of switch, is easy to realize all pressures problem when mechanical switch is connected in series; The circuit breaker topology is used and is mainly half control type power electronic device, and number is few, possesses the ability of two-way cut-out electric current, and compared to solid-state property or the hybrid circuit-breaker based on full control device, cost obviously reduces.
Should be noted that at last: above embodiment is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme of the present invention is not intended to limit, although with reference to above-described embodiment the present invention is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that: still can make amendment or be equal to replacement the specific embodiment of the present invention, and do not break away from any modification of spirit and scope of the invention or be equal to replacement, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the passive injection current type of a half control type high voltage direct current circuit breaker is characterized in that described circuit breaker comprises speed-sensitive switch-IGBT
1Module series arm and nonlinear resistor branch road and the bridge circuit in parallel with this branch road, capacitor-reactor series arm is connected in the midpoint of described bridge circuit two brachium pontis; Thyristor module-IGBT
2The module parallel branch connects the end points place with described bridge circuit two brachium pontis.
2. the passive injection current type of half control type as claimed in claim 1 high voltage direct current circuit breaker is characterized in that described speed-sensitive switch-IGBT
1The module series arm comprises speed-sensitive switch K and at least one group of IGBT that is connected in series
1Module; Described IGBT
1Module comprises two IGBT of series connection in the other direction, and the equal inverse parallel in described IGBT two ends has diode; Described speed-sensitive switch K is made up of at least one mechanical switch, when comprising two above mechanical switchs, is cascaded structure.
3. the passive injection current type of half control type as claimed in claim 1 high voltage direct current circuit breaker is characterized in that, described nonlinear resistor branch road adopts metal oxide pressure-limiting device MOV to realize.
4. the passive injection current type of half control type as claimed in claim 1 high voltage direct current circuit breaker is characterized in that, and is in parallel again after four groups the thyristor valve of parallel connection is connected in twos in the other direction, constitutes two brachium pontis of bridge circuit; Four groups of opposite direction thyristor valves in parallel are used thyristor valve T respectively
1, thyristor valve T
2, thyristor valve T
3With thyristor valve T
4Expression; Described thyristor valve is composed in series by thyristor.
5. the passive injection current type of half control type as claimed in claim 1 high voltage direct current circuit breaker is characterized in that described capacitor-reactor series arm is composed in series by capacitor C and reactor L.
6. the passive injection current type of half control type as claimed in claim 1 high voltage direct current circuit breaker is characterized in that described thyristor module-IGBT
2The module parallel branch comprises thyristor module T and resistance R-IGBT in parallel
2The module series arm; Described thyristor module T is made up of antiparallel thyristor; Described resistance R-IGBT
2The module series arm is by resistance R and IGBT
2Module is composed in series; Described IGBT
2Module comprises two IGBT of series connection in the other direction, and the equal inverse parallel in described IGBT two ends has diode.
7. the implementation method of the passive injection current type of a half control type high voltage direct current circuit breaker is characterized in that, described method is implemented different operations at two kinds of situations of the normal operation of direct current system and generation ground short circuit fault.
8. the implementation method of the passive injection current type of half control type as claimed in claim 7 high voltage direct current circuit breaker is characterized in that, when direct current system was normally moved, described speed-sensitive switch K closure kept IGBT
1Module is in the triggering state, and electric current is through speed-sensitive switch K, IGBT
1The module conducting; Described capacitor C two ends initial voltage is zero;
When capacitor C is charged, trigger IGBT
2Module, thyristor valve T
1, T
4And T
3, locking IGBT subsequently
1Module, electric current are forced and are transferred to R-IGBT
2-T
4-T
3In the loop, described condenser voltage rises to after the pressure drop of resistance R two ends equates, thyristor valve T
1Turn-off, get and to finish; Trigger IGBT subsequently
1Module, locking IGBT
2Module, electric current are transferred to speed-sensitive switch-IGBT again
1In the module series arm.
9. the implementation method of the passive injection current type of half control type as claimed in claim 7 high voltage direct current circuit breaker, it is characterized in that, when direct current system generation ground short circuit fault, according to short circuit current direction and capacitor C voltage direction, trigger thyristor module T, thyristor valve T
4, T
2Combination or thyristor valve T
3And T
1Combination, capacitor C flows through the short circuit current of speed-sensitive switch K to thyristor module T, thyristor valve T through reactor L discharge
4, capacitor C, reactor L and thyristor valve T
2The place branch road shifts until zero passage;
Or the short circuit current that flows through speed-sensitive switch K is to thyristor valve T
3, capacitor C, reactor L and thyristor valve T
1The place branch road shifts until zero passage;
Speed-sensitive switch-IGBT
1Behind the module series arm current over-zero, disjunction speed-sensitive switch K;
Short circuit current is to capacitor C charging, and when condenser voltage polarity inversion, and when reaching first voltage levvl, the nonlinear resistor branch impedance reduces, and short circuit current is transferred in the nonlinear resistor branch road and is consumed absorption, and described circuit breaker is finished disjunction; Described first voltage levvl refers to the voltage levvl that is higher than system voltage.
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Address after: 100031 Xicheng District West Chang'an Avenue, No. 86, Beijing Patentee after: State Grid Corporation of China Patentee after: GLOBAL ENERGY INTERCONNECTION RESEARCH INSTITUTE Patentee after: China-EPRI Electric Power Engineering Co., Ltd. Address before: 100031 Xicheng District West Chang'an Avenue, No. 86, Beijing Patentee before: State Grid Corporation of China Patentee before: State Grid Smart Grid Institute Patentee before: China-EPRI Electric Power Engineering Co., Ltd. |
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