CN101515710A - Direct current limiting and breaking device based on countercurrent injection method - Google Patents
Direct current limiting and breaking device based on countercurrent injection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101515710A CN101515710A CNA2009100292390A CN200910029239A CN101515710A CN 101515710 A CN101515710 A CN 101515710A CN A2009100292390 A CNA2009100292390 A CN A2009100292390A CN 200910029239 A CN200910029239 A CN 200910029239A CN 101515710 A CN101515710 A CN 101515710A
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Abstract
The invention provides a direct current limiting and circuit breaking device based on the countercurrent injection method, comprising a circuit breaker, a precharging circuit, a countercurrent generating circuit, an absorbing circuit and a self-charging circuit; wherein, the countercurrent generating circuit comprises an LC circuit which is composed of a first electric inducer and an electric capacitor connected in series and is connected with a first thyristor and a second thyristor respectively at the two ends, the cathode of the first thyristor and the anode of the thyristor are respectively connected with the first electric inducer and the electric capacitor in the LC circuit, the anode of the first thyristor is connected with the a end of the circuit breaker and the cathode of the second thyristor is connected with the b end of the circuit breaker; the self-charging circuit is connected with the LC circuit in parallel; the cathode of the first thyristor is also connected with one end of the precgarging circuit and the other end of the precharging circuit is connected to the ground; a first diode is arranged between the first and the second thyristor, the anode of the second thyristor is connected with the cathode of the first diode and the anode of the first thyristor is connected with the anode of the first diode.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of direct current current-limiting tripper, belong to power transmission and distribution device field based on the reverse current injection method.
Background technology
Alternating current thereby is realized blow-out can utilize zero crossing the time because all there is the natural zero-crossing point in each cycle, finishes and cut-offs action.And direct current does not have zero crossing, must add extra arc-control device for blow-out, makes electric current force zero passage to realize cut-offfing.
Direct current commonly used at present cut-offs method and mainly contains: reverse voltage genetic method, oscillating current Superposition Method and reverse current injection method etc.Specific as follows:
1. reverse voltage genetic method
Reverse voltage genetic method principle is solid-state switch in parallel at the dc circuit breaker two ends, and its circuit theory is seen shown in Figure 2.
When breaking direct current, at first the T1 conducting of solid-state switch loop, open direct current main switch CB then, the reverse arc voltage that produce between the main switch contact this moment arrives the T1 loop with the electric current change of current, after the CB contact reaches certain dielectric strength, finish the whole action of cut-offfing by the final cut-off current of T1 again.
By operation principle shown in Figure 2 as can be known, the length of change of current time depends on the size of arc voltage Uarc and stray inductance L δ, wherein arc voltage is subjected to materials limitations, stray inductance then depends on the degree of coupling between solid-state switch loop and main switch CB, if require dc switch to cut-off in the shortest time, then arc voltage Uarc will try one's best, and stray inductance L δ is then as far as possible little greatly.
This reverse voltage genetic method has simple in structure, easy advantage such as realization, but because of the restriction of arc voltage, inapplicable in the high voltage occasion.
2. oscillating current Superposition Method
The oscillating current Superposition Method is to utilize capacitor C and inductance L to be composed in series resonant circuit and main switch CB is in parallel, and its structure is seen shown in Figure 3.
Produce electric arc when CB opens between the contact, jointly constitute an oscillating circuit by C, L, CB this moment, and the higher-order of oscillation electric current I 2 of generation and electric current I 1 superposition of CB make arc extinction thereby produce current zero in the CB fracture.
The oscillating current Superposition Method has simple in structure, manageable advantage, it is the method for cut-offfing commonly used at present, but from the analysis of circuit as can be known, the oscillating current Superposition Method to cut-off capacity less, depend primarily on the size of the oscillating current I2 that the electric arc negative resistance charactertistic causes, thereby be not suitable for the bigger occasion of short circuit current.
3. reverse current injection method
It is that its principle is a precharge capacitor discharge to converter circuit that reverse current injects ratio juris, makes " artificial current zero " thereby produce an electric current opposite with the system power direction, for extinguish arcs offers an opportunity.
Compare with above two kinds of direct current methods of cut-offfing, the device that the reverse current injection method adopts is more, the control relative complex, but can cut-off bigger electric current, and switch off time is extremely short, especially is fit to some occasions that the current limliting reaction time is had higher requirements.Because the change of current time finishes in very short time, if when cut-offfing big electric current, can produce very big di/dt, only adopt ZnO arrester this moment is not enough, need carry out necessary design to absorbing circuit.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provide a kind of meet fully that the reclosing 200mS time interval requires cheaply based on the direct current current-limiting tripper of reverse current injection method.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of direct current current-limiting tripper based on the reverse current injection method comprises:
Be used to receive the circuit breaker that the external command tripping operation is closed a floodgate, be used for the pre-charge circuit that electric capacity is directly connected on bus, the reverse current that produces reverse current by the voltage that fills on the electric capacity produces circuit, prevent the absorption circuit of the overtension on electric capacity when opposite current circuit is worked and make electric capacity as early as possible voltage reversal on the pole plate be reached the self-charging circuit that reclosing requires, described reverse current produces circuit and comprises the lc circuit of being made up of first inductance and capacitances in series, be connected with first thyristor and second thyristor respectively at the two ends of lc circuit, and the negative electrode of first thyristor is connected with first inductance in the lc circuit, the anode of second thyristor is connected with electric capacity in the lc circuit, the anode of first thyristor is connected with an end of circuit breaker, and the negative electrode of second thyristor is connected with the other end of circuit breaker; Described self-charging circuit is in parallel with lc circuit; Described absorption circuit is in parallel with the electric capacity in the lc circuit; The negative electrode of described first thyristor also is connected with an end of pre-charge circuit, the other end ground connection of pre-charge circuit; Be provided with first diode between second thyristor and first thyristor, and the second thyristor anode is connected with the negative electrode of first diode, the anode of first thyristor is connected with the anode of first diode.
The present invention on the basis of conventional counter current injection method, at following some: 1), must add initial voltage VC on the electric capacity for producing reverse current; 2) must take certain measure to eliminate the influence of system's inductance in the interrupting process, avoid overvoltage; 3) need satisfy the requirement of current limiting circuit breaker reclosing, design a kind of modifying device.
Main circuit structure of the present invention is seen shown in Figure 5, and its course of work is divided into three parts substantially: the 1) initialization of capacitance voltage; 2) direct current current-limiting cut-offs; 3) reclosing.
The present invention is that mainly electric capacity precharge need not pass through battery, but whether work regardless of circuit breaker, directly can charge by bus, after the circuit breaker overcurrent cut-offs, electric capacity can be that the self-charging circuit is rapidly with the voltage reversal on it by an oscillating circuit, charge electricity fast, wait for reclosing, can satisfy the reclosing requirement fully on the time.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage:
The electric capacity charging cost is low, need not chargings such as external connection battery, and structure is simpler, and after circuit breaker cut-off, electric capacity can be realized quick self-charging by the self-charging circuit, satisfies the requirement of reclosing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is based on the direct current current-limiting tripper theory diagram of reverse current injection method.Among the figure, (1) circuit breaker; (2) electric capacity pre-charge circuit; (3) reverse current produces circuit; (4) absorb circuit; (5) self-charging circuit, a, b are the two ends of circuit breaker, and wherein a connects the high-voltage DC power supply end, and b connects load end.
Fig. 2 is a reverse voltage genetic method schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is an oscillating current Superposition Method schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is a reverse current injection method schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is the main circuit structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is the commutation course schematic diagram, wherein, (a) is the initialization figure of capacitance voltage, and reverse current injection figure when (b) cut-offfing for direct current current-limiting (c) is the capacitor discharge loop, (d) is electric capacity self-charging loop.
Fig. 7 is a capacitance voltage initialization simulation waveform.Negative just down for just more than the Vc, Vc＜0 expression capacitance voltage is born for just going up down.
Fig. 8 is a main current/voltage analogous diagram in the commutation course, wherein, (a) is current i 1 waveform on the circuit breaker; (b) be voltage Vc conversion waveform on the electric capacity, negative just down for just more than the Vc, Vc＜0 expression capacitance voltage is born for just going up down; (c) be current waveform i3 on the capacitor discharge loop; (d) be the current waveform i4 in electric capacity self-charging loop.
Embodiment
A kind of direct current current-limiting tripper based on the reverse current injection method comprises:
Be used to receive the circuit breaker 1 that the external command tripping operation is closed a floodgate, be used for the pre-charge circuit 2 that electric capacity is directly connected on bus, the reverse current that produces reverse current by the voltage that fills on the electric capacity produces circuit 3, prevent the absorption circuit 4 of the overtension on electric capacity when opposite current circuit is worked and make electric capacity as early as possible voltage reversal on the pole plate be reached the self-charging circuit 5 that reclosing requires, described reverse current produces circuit 3 and comprises the lc circuit that is composed in series by first inductance L 1 and capacitor C, be connected with the first thyristor T1 and the second thyristor T2 respectively at the two ends of lc circuit, and the negative electrode of the first thyristor T1 is connected with first inductance L 1 in the lc circuit, the anode of the second thyristor T2 is connected with capacitor C in the lc circuit, the anode of the first thyristor T1 is connected with an end of circuit breaker 1, and the negative electrode of the second thyristor T2 is connected with the other end of circuit breaker 1; Described self-charging circuit 5 is in parallel with lc circuit; Described absorption circuit 4 is in parallel with the capacitor C in the lc circuit; The negative electrode of the described first thyristor T1 also is connected with an end of pre-charge circuit 2, the other end ground connection of pre-charge circuit 2; Be provided with the first diode D1 between the second thyristor T2 and the first thyristor T1, and the second thyristor T2 anode is connected with the negative electrode of the first diode D1, the anode of the first thyristor T1 is connected with the anode of the first diode D1.
Described self-charging circuit 5 is made up of second inductance L 2 and the 3rd thyristor T3, and an end of second inductance L 2 is connected with the anode of the 3rd thyristor T3.
Described absorption circuit is by igbt T4, the second diode D2, the 3rd diode D3 and second resistance R 2 are formed, the negative electrode of igbt T4 is connected with the anode of the second diode D2, the negative electrode of the second diode D2 is connected with an end of second resistance R 2, the other end of second resistance R 2 is connected with the anode of the second thyristor T2 as an end that absorbs circuit, the anode of described igbt T4 is as the other end that absorbs circuit, the 3rd diode D3 is in parallel with igbt T4, and the negative electrode of the 3rd diode D3 is connected with negative electrode with the anode of igbt T4 respectively with anode.
Described pre-charge circuit is composed in series by first resistance R 1 and switch S 2.
Below the operation principle of the present invention and the course of work are made a detailed description:
1) initialization of capacitance voltage
In order to produce the reverse injection current that direct current cut-offs, capacitor C must be filled the voltage of polarity as shown in the figure in advance with, the design is under the state that the S1 isolating switch disconnects, external control circuit can be by detecting the voltage swing on the electric capacity, shown in Fig. 6 (a),, constitute D1, C, L1, R1, S2 loop with the S2 switch conduction, after finishing the charging action, external control circuit disconnects S2.It should be noted that, when even CB is in conducting state, descend in order to replenish the capacitance voltage that causes because of electric leakage, under the situation of thyristor T1, not conducting of T2, can be by detecting the voltage swing on the electric capacity, conducting S2 is to keep capacitance voltage in a proper operation scope, 1 metering function of resistance R when needed.The design can omit jumbo DC power supply, has reduced the circuit breaker cost.
2) direct current current-limiting cut-offs
In case system detects short circuit current, send and cut-off order, CB receives the external control circuit order and at first opens, external control circuit is sent out pulse for T1, T2 and is made their conductings simultaneously, the loop discharge that electric capacity constitutes by T1, L1, C, T2, CB, and the reverse current and the arc current among the CB of generation carry out superposition, when CB open apart from reach specified open apart from the time, the superposition electric current produces current zero, arc extinction, its process such as Fig. 6 (b).This moment, capacitance voltage was along with the development of commutation course, will be filled with the voltage with opposite polarity shown in Fig. 5, and increasing, in order to prevent overtension, adopted as constituting the capacitor discharge loop by IGBT pipe T4, D3, R2 among Fig. 6 (c).When external control circuit detects on the electric capacity the fast over range of reverse voltage, send out a pulse and make the conducting of IGBT pipe, as long as discharging current is bigger, during as i3＞i, capacitance voltage will descend, thereby avoid the excessive situation appearance of capacitance voltage.
3) reclosing
Reclosing wants seeking time in 200mS, the electric capacity charging rate is had relatively high expectations, behind arc extinction, the voltage on the electric capacity will be filled with the voltage with opposite polarity shown in Fig. 5, and it is open-minded that external control circuit is sent out pulse to T3 this moment, in Fig. 6 (d), constitute an oscillating circuit by electric capacity, L1, L2, T3, make capacitance voltage become at short notice just going up down and bear, the wait reclosing that finishes promptly charges, the inductance size is adjusted in this loop can adjust the charging interval, satisfies the reclosure time requirement.
Simulation waveform of the present invention is as follows:
In the following emulation supply voltage is made as 2.5kV, electric current is made as when reaching 10kA and trips on the switch.
1. the initialization of capacitance voltage
7 as can be seen from the graph, when external control circuit detection capacitance voltage closes switch S 2, electric capacity fills is just going up negative voltage down, and owing to the voltage on the electric capacity can descend owing to electric leakage, when the circuit operate as normal does not have tripping operation and opens, S2 can open every now and then according to the voltage on the electric capacity when being lower than 2.3kV (as), guarantees that the voltage on the electric capacity maintains in the normal range (NR).
2. direct current current-limiting cut-offs
Simulation waveform when short circuit cut-offs such as Fig. 8: when short circuit appears in circuit, electric current on the switch rapidly increases to 10kA, external control circuit said the word circuit breaker CB was opened this moment, concurrent pulse makes T1, T2 is open-minded, voltage waveform on Fig. 8 (b) electric capacity can be as seen from the figure, Fig. 8 (c) external control circuit is sent out pulse and is opened IGBT simultaneously, the voltage that makes on the electric capacity of opening of the discharge loop at R2 place no longer increases, and electrorheological is after 0 on Fig. 8 (a) switch, arc extinction just becomes the negative down positive voltage of on the electric capacity, send out pulse by external control circuit and open T3, can make the voltage on the electric capacity become just upward negative down by this LC oscillation circuit as Fig. 8 (d), and need not pass through power source charges again, when waiting capacitance voltage electric leakage to be lower than certain value, charge by S2 again.
3. reclosing
Fig. 8 (d) is that L2 goes up the waveform of self-charging electric current, and as can be seen, this circuit can be reverse with capacitance voltage about 10mS, meets the requirement in the reclosing 200mS time interval fully on Fig. 8 (d) figure and 8 (b).And there is not an energy loss.
Claims (4)
1. the direct current current-limiting tripper based on the reverse current injection method is characterized in that, comprising:
Be used to receive the circuit breaker (1) that the external command tripping operation is closed a floodgate, be used for the pre-charge circuit (2) that electric capacity is directly connected on bus, the reverse current that produces reverse current by the voltage that fills on the electric capacity produces circuit (3), prevent the absorption circuit (4) of the overtension on electric capacity when opposite current circuit is worked and make electric capacity as early as possible voltage reversal on the pole plate be reached the self-charging circuit (5) of reclosing requirement, described reverse current produces circuit (3) and comprises the lc circuit that is composed in series by first inductance (L1) and electric capacity (C), be connected with first thyristor (T1) and second thyristor (T2) respectively at the two ends of lc circuit, and the negative electrode of first thyristor (T1) is connected with first inductance (L1) in the lc circuit, the anode of second thyristor (T2) is connected with electric capacity (C) in the lc circuit, the anode of first thyristor (T1) is connected with a end of circuit breaker (1), and the negative electrode of second thyristor (T2) is connected with the b end of circuit breaker (1); Described self-charging circuit (5) is in parallel with lc circuit; Described absorption circuit (4) is in parallel with the electric capacity (C) in the lc circuit; The negative electrode of described first thyristor (T1) also is connected with an end of pre-charge circuit (2), the other end ground connection of pre-charge circuit (2); Be provided with first diode (D1) between second thyristor (T2) and first thyristor (T1), and second thyristor (T2) anode is connected with the negative electrode of first diode (D1), the anode of first thyristor (T1) is connected with the anode of first diode (D1).
2. according to the described direct current current-limiting tripper of claim 1 based on the reverse current injection method, it is characterized in that: self-charging circuit (5) is made up of second inductance (L2) and the 3rd thyristor (T3), and an end of second inductance (L2) is connected with the anode of the 3rd thyristor (T3).
3. according to the described direct current current-limiting tripper of claim 1 based on the reverse current injection method, it is characterized in that: absorb circuit (4) by igbt (T4), second diode (D2), the 3rd diode (D3) and second resistance (R2) are formed, the negative electrode of igbt (T4) is connected with the anode of second diode (D2), the negative electrode of second diode (D2) is connected with an end of second resistance (R2), the other end of second resistance (R2) is connected with second thyristor (T2) anode as an end that absorbs circuit (4), the anode of described igbt (T4) is as the other end that absorbs circuit (4), the 3rd diode (D3) is in parallel with igbt (T4), and the negative electrode of the 3rd diode (D3) is connected with negative electrode with the anode of igbt (T4) respectively with anode.
4. according to the described direct current current-limiting tripper based on the reverse current injection method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: pre-charge circuit (2) is composed in series by first resistance (R1) and switch (S2).
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| CN2009100292390A CN101515710B (en) | 2009-04-07 | 2009-04-07 | Direct current limiting and breaking device based on countercurrent injection method |
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| CN102290279A (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2011-12-21 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | High speed vacuum direct current (DC) current limiting circuit breaker |
| CN103337829A (en) * | 2013-07-04 | 2013-10-02 | 国家电网公司 | Semi-controlled passive injection current high voltage direct current breaker and realization method thereof |
| CN103337851A (en) * | 2013-07-04 | 2013-10-02 | 国家电网公司 | Semi-controlled active injection current high voltage direct current breaker and realization method thereof |
| CN103441489A (en) * | 2013-08-16 | 2013-12-11 | 国家电网公司 | Direct-current breaker used for multi-terminal direct current system and control method of direct-current breaker |
| CN103762547A (en) * | 2014-01-08 | 2014-04-30 | 西安交通大学 | Modular high-voltage vacuum direct current on-off device based on artificial zero crossing |
| CN103973094A (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2014-08-06 | 东南大学 | Rapid precharging circuit for modular multi-level converter |
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| CN106532657A (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2017-03-22 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Direct current circuit breaker and circuit breaking method for direct current power transmission system |
| WO2018036214A1 (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2018-03-01 | 全球能源互联网研究院 | Shutoff valve-based hybrid current limiter capable of forcing diversion of current |
| CN108599120A (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-09-28 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | A kind of direct current current-limiting circuit breaker |
| CN108988303A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-12-11 | 西安交通大学 | Utilize the adaptive reclosing method of MMC-HVDC DC line of breaker injected pulse signal |
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| CN102290279A (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2011-12-21 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | High speed vacuum direct current (DC) current limiting circuit breaker |
| CN103337851B (en) * | 2013-07-04 | 2015-09-23 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of half control type active injection current high voltage direct current breaker and its implementation |
| CN103337829A (en) * | 2013-07-04 | 2013-10-02 | 国家电网公司 | Semi-controlled passive injection current high voltage direct current breaker and realization method thereof |
| CN103337851A (en) * | 2013-07-04 | 2013-10-02 | 国家电网公司 | Semi-controlled active injection current high voltage direct current breaker and realization method thereof |
| CN103337829B (en) * | 2013-07-04 | 2016-08-10 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of half control type passive injection current high voltage direct current breaker and its implementation |
| CN103441489A (en) * | 2013-08-16 | 2013-12-11 | 国家电网公司 | Direct-current breaker used for multi-terminal direct current system and control method of direct-current breaker |
| CN103441489B (en) * | 2013-08-16 | 2016-02-24 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of MTDC transmission system DC circuit breaker and control method thereof |
| CN103762547A (en) * | 2014-01-08 | 2014-04-30 | 西安交通大学 | Modular high-voltage vacuum direct current on-off device based on artificial zero crossing |
| WO2015103857A1 (en) * | 2014-01-08 | 2015-07-16 | 西安交通大学 | Modular high-voltage vacuum direct-current breaking device based on artificial zero-crossing |
| CN103973094A (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2014-08-06 | 东南大学 | Rapid precharging circuit for modular multi-level converter |
| CN103973094B (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2016-08-17 | 东南大学 | A kind of quick pre-charging electricity circuit of modular multi-level converter |
| CN105811379A (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2016-07-27 | 国家电网公司 | Power supply circuit and power supply method for active hybrid high-voltage direct-current breaker |
| WO2018036214A1 (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2018-03-01 | 全球能源互联网研究院 | Shutoff valve-based hybrid current limiter capable of forcing diversion of current |
| CN106532657A (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2017-03-22 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Direct current circuit breaker and circuit breaking method for direct current power transmission system |
| CN108599120A (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-09-28 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | A kind of direct current current-limiting circuit breaker |
| CN108599120B (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2019-12-20 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Direct current limiting circuit breaker |
| CN108988303A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-12-11 | 西安交通大学 | Utilize the adaptive reclosing method of MMC-HVDC DC line of breaker injected pulse signal |
| CN112952743A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2021-06-11 | 清华四川能源互联网研究院 | Direct current breaker based on forced resonance commutation principle |
| CN111711163A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-09-25 | 西安西电开关电气有限公司 | Direct current breaker and control method thereof |
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