CN103646805B - A kind of direct-current breaker topology - Google Patents
A kind of direct-current breaker topology Download PDFInfo
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- CN103646805B CN103646805B CN201310648654.0A CN201310648654A CN103646805B CN 103646805 B CN103646805 B CN 103646805B CN 201310648654 A CN201310648654 A CN 201310648654A CN 103646805 B CN103646805 B CN 103646805B
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Abstract
A kind of direct-current breaker topology, is made up of the first current path (1), the second current path (2), the 3rd current path (3) and the 4th path (4).First leading-out terminal of the 4th current path (4), first leading-out terminal of the 3rd current path (3), first leading-out terminal of the second current path (2) and the first leading-out terminal of the first current path (1) link together, and the first leading-out terminal (5) as DC circuit breaker is connected with one end of DC transmission line; Second leading-out terminal of the 4th current path (4), second leading-out terminal of the 3rd current path (3), second leading-out terminal of the second current path (2) and the second leading-out terminal of the first current path (1) link together, and the second leading-out terminal (6) as DC circuit breaker is connected with the other end of DC transmission line.When system is normally run, this DC circuit breaker loss is little, when HVDC (High Voltage Direct Current) transmission line breaks down, and can quick-speed turning on-off faulty transmission line.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of circuit breaker, be specifically related to a kind of DC circuit breaker.
Background technology
Fast DC Circuit Breaker is one of key equipment ensureing direct current transmission and distribution system and direct current network system stability safe and reliable operation.Be that the electric current of direct current system does not exist natural zero-crossing point with AC system difference, the natural zero-crossing point of electric current therefore cannot be utilized in direct current system as AC system to turn off, therefore the problem of cut-offfing of direct current is a problem being worth research always.
Current breaking direct current has two kinds of modes usually, and the first is pure power electronics circuit breaker, as the patent CN102870181A of ABB application, utilizes and high-powerly turns off power electronic device, direct disjunction direct current.Utilize the solid circuit breaker that this principle manufactures, although can meet the requirement of multiterminal flexible direct current system in time, the loss when normally is excessive, and economy is poor.
The second is mixing Circuit breaker technology, namely on the basis of traditional interchange mechanical chopper, by increasing auxiliary Power Electronic Circuit, dropping into current-limiting resistance to reduce short circuit current or superimposed oscillation electric current on the direct current cut-offfing arc gap, utilizing during current over-zero and cut-off circuit.Utilize the hybrid circuit breaker that this principle manufactures, it has particular/special requirement to mechanical switch, the more difficult requirement meeting DC transmission system on break-time.
The one mixing circuit breaker that Siemens patent WO2013/093066A1 proposes, primary path is connected mechanical switch and power electronics controls device entirely, another bypass is made up of electric capacity, when fault current being detected, on primary path, power electronics controls device disconnection entirely, mechanical switch also starts to cut-off, fault current charges to shunt capacitance, the shunt capacitance of this circuit can not value too small, otherwise mechanical switch is opened not yet completely, if shunt capacitance too fast meeting of voltage rise under fault current charging exceedes mechanical switch and power electronic device bears electric pressure.But capacitance value large time, the speed of cut-offfing will be affected.
The one that the patent WO2011141054A1 of ABB AB proposes mixes circuit breaker, primary path is connected mechanical switch and power electronics controls device entirely, another bypass is composed in parallel by lightning arrester and crimping IGBT, when fault current being detected, the whole conducting of crimping IGBT in bypass, power electronics afterwards on primary path is entirely controlled device and is disconnected, mechanical switch also starts to turn off, by the time mechanical switch closes have no progeny completely, crimping IGBT turns off, lightning arrester place in circuit suppresses short circuit current, this circuit breaker cut-offs speed, but the crimping IGBT of whole bypass bears voltage sum must be greater than DC power transmission line initial voltage, this needs a large amount of crimping IGBT series connection, cause the cost of whole DC circuit breaker higher.
And above-mentioned two kinds of patent major loops all must adopt full control switching device to connect with mechanical switch, still have larger conduction loss when causing normal.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, propose a kind of hybrid DC circuit breaker.It is low that the present invention has holistic cost, and during steady operation, loss is little, without arc cutting when there is short trouble, responds the features such as rapid.
DC circuit breaker of the present invention is made up of the first current path, the second current path, the 3rd current path and the 4th current path.First leading-out terminal of the 4th current path, first leading-out terminal of the 3rd current path, first leading-out terminal of the second current path, the first leading-out terminal of the first current path links together, and the first leading-out terminal as DC circuit breaker is connected with one end of DC transmission line; Second leading-out terminal of the 4th current path, 3rd current path second leading-out terminal, second leading-out terminal of the second current path, the second leading-out terminal of the first current path links together, and the second leading-out terminal as DC circuit breaker is connected with the other end of DC transmission line.
The another kind of connected mode of described DC circuit breaker is: the first leading-out terminal of the 4th current path, first leading-out terminal of the 3rd current path, first leading-out terminal of the second current path, after first leading-out terminal of the first current path links together, can be connected with inductance one end, the other end of inductance is connected with DC power transmission line as the first leading-out terminal of DC circuit breaker
Second leading-out terminal of the 4th current path, 3rd current path second leading-out terminal, second leading-out terminal of the second current path, also can be connected with inductance one end after second leading-out terminal of the first current path links together, the other end of inductance is connected with the other end of DC transmission line as the second leading-out terminal of described DC circuit breaker.
The first described current path is made up of electronic power switch module and mechanical switch module.One end of electronic power switch module is connected with one end of mechanical switch, and the other end of electronic power switch module is as the first leading-out terminal of the first current path.
The second described current path comprises half control type device blocks and wholly-controled device module, and the anode of half control type device blocks is as the first leading-out terminal of the second current path, and the negative electrode of half control type device blocks is connected with one end of wholly-controled device module; The wholly-controled device module other end is as the second leading-out terminal of the second current path.
The 3rd described current path is made up of capacitance module, and described capacitance module is made up of at least one capacitor cell serial or parallel connection.
The 4th described current path is made up of voltage limiting device module, and described voltage limiting device module is composed in series by the voltage limiting device of at least one.
When DC power transmission line is normally run, the mechanical switch module of the first current path is closure state, and the electronic power switch module of the first current path is conducting state, when line short fault being detected, the half control type device blocks of the second described current path and the wholly-controled device module of the second described current path receive Continuity signal, the electronic power switch module of the first current path turns off rapidly simultaneously, block the fault current of the first current path, mechanical switch module starts to cut-off, and fault current is transferred to rapidly the second current path, after the first current path mechanical switch module two ends contact cut-offs certain distance, the wholly-controled device module of the second current path turns off rapidly, block the fault current flowing through the second current path, the half control type device blocks current over-zero of the second current path turns off naturally, fault current is transferred to the 3rd current path, the capacitance module of the 3rd current path is charged, when the capacitance module both end voltage of the 3rd current path rises to the 4th current path voltage limiting device module limit value, electric current switches to the 4th current path from the 3rd current path, now because capacitance module both end voltage is in the value higher than direct current transportation rotary substation, fault current is made to be dropped rapidly to zero.
Can at described DC circuit breaker first leading-out terminal voltage limiting device in parallel with between ground, described DC circuit breaker second leading-out terminal voltage limiting device in parallel with between ground.
In the wholly-controled device module of connecting in half control type number of devices and the second current path in the half control type device blocks of the second current path, the quantity of wholly-controled device can coordinate configuration flexibly, and the voltage limiting device of different limit value in parallel is distinguished in the second current path half control type device blocks and the second current path wholly-controled device module two ends, voltage is born by half control type device blocks as far as possible.Also the device blocks two ends of protection voltage limiting device in parallel can be needed various.
The second described current path half control type device blocks is made up of at least one half control type devices in series, and wholly-controled device module is composed in series by least one wholly-controled device, and this collocation method can make DC circuit breaker possess unidirectional current blocking ability.
The second described current path half control type device blocks is composed in series by least one inverse parallel half control device cell, and the second described current path wholly-controled device module is made up of first group of wholly-controled device and second group of wholly-controled device differential concatenation; Meanwhile, the first current path wholly-controled device module is also made up of first group of wholly-controled device and second group of wholly-controled device, and often group is by the wholly-controled device series aiding connection composition of at least one.This collocation method can make whole DC circuit breaker possess bidirectional current blocking ability.
Described DC circuit breaker also can only comprise the second current path, and the 3rd current path and the 4th current path, omit the first current path, and speed of cut-offfing like this is faster, but conduction loss is higher.
Described DC circuit breaker first current path can only comprise mechanical switch module, and the first current path electronic power switch can replace with wire.
Described DC circuit breaker second current path can only comprise wholly-controled device module.
The blocking-up electronic power switch module be made up of wholly-controled device is added between described DC circuit breaker first current path first leading-out terminal and a leading-out terminal of the second current path.
Described blocking-up electric power electronic module is composed in series by half control type devices in series module and wholly-controled device serial module structure.
The 3rd described current path capacitance module two ends can increase bleeder, thus after DC line short trouble is got rid of, interior excess voltage is held in power down of can releasing fast, is convenient to again close a floodgate.
The present invention has following advantage:
A. this direct-current breaker topology is cut-off more rapid, can realize zero electric arc and cut-off;
B. whole change of current topology can adopt conventional components, and manufacture difficulty is relatively little, and reliability is high;
C. short circuit current can control in lower level by this DC circuit breaker, thus protection system fail safe;
D. this direct-current breaker topology can reduce the impact of short circuit current on current conversion station;
E. be more easily combined with flexible direct current power transmission system, be suitable for integrated design;
F. the loss compared with pure electronic power switch formula DC circuit breaker during system worked well is less;
G., when the full control electronic power switch adopting half control device to replace on initial current path, the normal running wastage of its system can be down to lower;
H. this circuit breaker current blocks path and adopts multiple current path switched design method, and cut-offfing fireballing while, the cost of overall implementation is lower;
I. have the possibility of multiple degrees of freedom optimal design, described 4th current path has the collocation method of different cost from the 3rd described current path, cut-offs rate request flexible configuration according to actual condition.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with the drawings and the specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
Fig. 1 is circuit theory diagrams of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the circuit theory diagrams of specific embodiments of the invention 1;
Fig. 3 is the circuit theory diagrams of specific embodiments of the invention 2;
Fig. 4 is the circuit theory diagrams of specific embodiments of the invention 3;
Fig. 5 is the circuit theory diagrams of specific embodiments of the invention 4;
Fig. 6 is the circuit theory diagrams of specific embodiments of the invention 5.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, DC circuit breaker of the present invention comprises the first current path 1, second current path 2, the 3rd current path 3 and the 4th current path 4; First leading-out terminal of the 4th current path 4, first leading-out terminal of the 3rd current path 3, first leading-out terminal of the second current path and the first leading-out terminal of the first current path link together, and the first leading-out terminal 5 as DC circuit breaker is connected with one end of DC transmission line; Second leading-out terminal of the 4th current path 4,3rd current path 3 second leading-out terminal, second leading-out terminal of the second current path 2 and the second leading-out terminal of the first current path link together, and the second leading-out terminal 6 as DC circuit breaker is connected with the other end of DC transmission line.
The first described current path 1 is made up of electronic power switch module 12 and mechanical switch module 11.One end of electronic power switch module is connected with one end 13 of mechanical switch, and the other end of electronic power switch module is as the first leading-out terminal of the first current path.
The second described current path 2 comprises half control type device blocks 21 and wholly-controled device module 22, the anode of half control type device blocks 21 is as the first leading-out terminal of the second current path 2, and the negative electrode of half control type device blocks 22 is connected with one end 23 of wholly-controled device module 22; The wholly-controled device module other end is as the second leading-out terminal of the second current path 2.
The 3rd described current path 3 is made up of capacitance module C1, and described capacitance module is made up of at least one capacitor cell serial or parallel connection.
The 4th described current path 4 is made up of voltage limiting device module, and described voltage limiting device module is composed in series by least one voltage limiting device.
Embodiment 1
Figure 2 shows that embodiments of the invention 1.As shown in Figure 2, voltage source 15 is current conversion station, and resistance 16 is simulation short-circuit resistance.DC circuit breaker of the present invention is made up of the first current path 1, second current path the 2, three current path 3 and the 4th current path 4; First leading-out terminal of the 4th current path 4, first leading-out terminal of the 3rd current path 3, first leading-out terminal of the second current path and the first leading-out terminal of the first current path link together, and the first leading-out terminal 5 as DC circuit breaker is connected with one end of DC transmission line; Second leading-out terminal of the 4th current path 4,3rd current path 3 second leading-out terminal, second leading-out terminal of the second current path 2 and the second leading-out terminal of the first current path link together, and the second leading-out terminal 6 as DC circuit breaker is connected with the other end of DC transmission line.
The first described current path 1 is made up of electronic power switch module 12 and mechanical switch module 11.One end of electronic power switch module is connected with one end of mechanical switch, and the other end of electronic power switch module is as the first leading-out terminal of the first current path.
The second described current path 2 comprises half control type device blocks 21 and wholly-controled device module 22, the anode of half control type device blocks 21 is as the first leading-out terminal of the second current path 2, and the negative electrode of half control type device blocks 22 is connected with one end 23 of wholly-controled device module 22; The wholly-controled device module other end is as the second leading-out terminal of the second current path 2.
The 3rd described current path 3 is made up of capacitance module C1, and described capacitance module is made up of at least one capacitor cell serial or parallel connection.
The 4th described current path 4 is made up of voltage limiting device module, and described voltage limiting device module is composed in series by the voltage limiting device of at least one.
When DC power transmission line is normally run, the mechanical switch module 11 of the first current path 1 is closure state, and the electronic power switch module 12 of the first current path 1 is conducting state, when line short fault being detected, the half control type device blocks 21 of the second described current path 2 and the wholly-controled device module 22 of the second described current path 2 receive Continuity signal, the electronic power switch module 12 of the first current path 1 turns off rapidly simultaneously, block the fault current of the first current path 1, mechanical switch mould, 11 start to cut-off, and fault current is transferred to rapidly the second current path 2, after the mechanical switch module 11 two ends contact of the first current path 1 cut-offs certain distance, the wholly-controled device module 22 of the second current path 2 turns off rapidly, block the fault current flowing through the second current path 2, half control type device blocks 21 current over-zero of the second current path 2 turns off naturally, fault current is transferred to the 3rd current path 3, 3rd electric current is led to, the capacitance module C1 of 3 charges, when the capacitance module C1 both end voltage of the 3rd current path 3 rises to the voltage limiting device module limit value of the 4th current path 4, electric current switches to the 4th current path 4 from the 3rd current path 3, now because capacitance module C1 both end voltage is in the value higher than direct current transportation rotary substation, fault current is made to be dropped rapidly to zero.
Between first leading-out terminal of the first current path 1 and ground, between the second leading-out terminal of the first current path 1 and ground, in order to carry out overvoltage protection to the various piece of whole DC circuit breaker.Also can optionally the local two ends of protection be being needed to increase voltage limiting device.
Embodiment 2
Figure 3 shows that embodiments of the invention 2.As shown in Figure 3, the half control type device blocks 21 of the second described current path 2 is composed in series by least one inverse parallel half control device cell 24.The wholly-controled device module 22 of the second described current path 2 is made up of the second current path first group of wholly-controled device 25 and the second current path second group of wholly-controled device 26 differential concatenation, and first group of wholly-controled device 25 and second group of wholly-controled device 26 form by least one wholly-controled device series aiding connection.The wholly-controled device module of the first current path 1 is made up of the first current path first group of wholly-controled device 15 and the first current path second group of wholly-controled device 16;
Embodiment 3
Figure 4 shows that embodiments of the invention 3.As shown in Figure 4, this embodiment eliminates the first current path 1, and whole DC circuit breaker is only made up of the second current path the 2, three current path 3 and the 4th current path 4, faster to the turn-off speed of fault current, but too increase conduction loss when system is normally run simultaneously.
Embodiment 4
Figure 5 shows that embodiments of the invention 4.As shown in Figure 5, add between the first current path first leading-out terminal and the second current path first leading-out terminal and block electronic power switch module 100.Block electronic power switch module 100 to be composed in parallel by wholly-controled device and lightning arrester, the electronic power switch module 12 of the first current path 1 adopts half control type device, 3rd current path 3 only comprises capacitance module C1, when there is short trouble in DC power transmission line, block the conducting of electronic power switch module 100, second current path half control type device blocks 21 also receives Continuity signal, 3rd current path capacitance module C1 discharges afterwards, first current path 1 is converted to rapidly the 3rd current path 3, first current path electronic power switch module 12 current over-zero turns off naturally, when the 3rd current path capacitance module C1 enters reverse charging process, second current path half control type device blocks 21 meets turn-on condition conducting, electric current flows through and blocks electric power electronic module 100 and the second current path 2, after the mechanical switch module 11 of time delay to the first current path 1 is cut-off, the wholly-controled device group blocked in electronic power switch module 100 receives cut-off signals, fault current is converted to the lightning arrester path blocking electronic power switch module 100, and be reduced to zero rapidly.
In the present embodiment, described blocking-up electronic power switch module 100 also can adopt the mode of wholly-controled device and half control type devices in series, first current path electronic power switch module 12 can adopt the mode of wholly-controled device or wholly-controled device and half control type devices in series, second current path 2 can only include half control type device blocks, also can only include wholly-controled device module, also can be composed in series by both.Above-mentioned various building form can independent assortment, and control method is slightly different.
Embodiment 5
Fig. 6 is applicable to the embodiment of bipolarity flexible DC power transmission occasion as of the present invention another.As shown in Figure 6, the first leading-out terminal 61 of the first circuit breaker 60 is connected with the positive pole on bipolar transmission line road, and the second leading-out terminal 62 of the first circuit breaker 60 is connected with simulation short-circuit resistance one end.First leading-out terminal 63 of the second circuit breaker 65 is connected with the negative pole on bipolar transmission line road, and the second leading-out terminal 64 of the second circuit breaker 65 is connected with the other end of simulation short-circuit resistance.
Claims (10)
1. a direct-current breaker topology circuit, is characterized in that: described DC circuit breaker is made up of the first current path (1), the second current path (2), the 3rd current path (3) and the 4th current path (4); First leading-out terminal of the 4th current path (4), first leading-out terminal of the 3rd current path (3), first leading-out terminal of the second current path (2) and the first leading-out terminal of the first current path (1) link together, and the first leading-out terminal (5) as DC circuit breaker is connected with one end of DC transmission line; Second leading-out terminal of the 4th current path (4), second leading-out terminal of the 3rd current path (3), second leading-out terminal of the second current path (2) and the second leading-out terminal of the first current path (1) link together, and the second leading-out terminal (6) as DC circuit breaker is connected with the other end of DC transmission line;
Described the first current path (1) is made up of electronic power switch module (12) and mechanical switch module (11); One end of electronic power switch module (12) is connected with one end of mechanical switch module (11), and the other end of electronic power switch module (12) is as the second leading-out terminal of the first current path (1);
Described the second current path (2) comprises half control type device blocks (21) and wholly-controled device module (22), the anode of half control type device blocks (21) is as the first leading-out terminal of the second current path (2), and the negative electrode of half control type device blocks (21) is connected with one end (23) of wholly-controled device module (22); Wholly-controled device module (22) other end is as the second leading-out terminal of the second current path (2);
The 3rd described current path (3) is made up of capacitance module (C1), and described capacitance module (C1) is made up of at least one capacitor cell serial or parallel connection;
The 4th described current path (4) is made up of voltage limiting device module, and described voltage limiting device module is composed in series by the voltage limiting device of at least one.
2. according to direct-current breaker topology circuit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when DC power transmission line is normally run, the mechanical switch module (11) of the first current path is closure state, and the electronic power switch module (12) of the first current path is conducting state, when line short fault being detected, the second described current path half control type device blocks (21) and the second described current path wholly-controled device module (22) receive Continuity signal, first current path electronic power switch module (12) turns off rapidly simultaneously, block the fault current of the first current path (1), mechanical switch module (11) starts to cut-off, and fault current is transferred to rapidly the second current path (2), after the first current path mechanical switch module (1) two ends contact cut-offs certain distance, the wholly-controled device module (22) of the second current path (2) turns off rapidly, blocking-up flows through the fault current of the second current path (2), half control type device blocks (21) current over-zero of the second current path (2) turns off naturally, fault current is transferred to the 3rd current path (3), the capacitance module (C1) of the 3rd current path is charged, when capacitance module (C1) both end voltage of the 3rd current path (3) rises to the 4th current path voltage limiting device module limit value, electric current switches to the 4th current path (4) from the 3rd current path (3), now because capacitance module (C1) both end voltage is in the value higher than direct current transportation rotary substation, fault current is made to be dropped rapidly to zero.
3. according to direct-current breaker topology circuit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described DC circuit breaker first leading-out terminal voltage limiting device (7) in parallel with between ground, described DC circuit breaker second leading-out terminal voltage limiting device (8) in parallel with between ground.
4. according to direct-current breaker topology circuit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the second described current path half control type device blocks (21) is made up of at least one half control type devices in series, and the second current path wholly-controled device module (22) is composed in series by least one wholly-controled device.
5. according to direct-current breaker topology circuit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the second described current path half control type device blocks (21) is composed in series by the inverse parallel half control device cell (24) of at least one, the second described current path wholly-controled device module (22) is made up of the second current path first group of wholly-controled device (25) and the second current path second group of wholly-controled device (26) differential concatenation; First group of wholly-controled device (25) and second group of wholly-controled device (26) are by the wholly-controled device series aiding connection composition of at least one; First current path wholly-controled device module is made up of the first current path first group of wholly-controled device (15) and the first current path second group of wholly-controled device (16).
6. according to direct-current breaker topology circuit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described DC circuit breaker only comprises the second current path (2), the 3rd current path (3) and the 4th current path (4).
7. according to direct-current breaker topology circuit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the first described current path only comprises mechanical switch module (11), the first current path electronic power switch (12) replaces with wire.
8. according to direct-current breaker topology circuit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described the second current path (2) only comprises wholly-controled device module (22).
9. according to direct-current breaker topology circuit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described the second current path (2) only comprises half control type device blocks (21); The blocking-up electronic power switch module (100) be made up of wholly-controled device is added between the first described current path first leading-out terminal and the second current path first leading-out terminal.
10. according to direct-current breaker topology circuit according to claim 9, it is characterized in that: described blocking-up electric power electronic module (100) is composed in series by half control type devices in series module and wholly-controled device serial module structure.
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| CN105429099A (en) * | 2016-01-04 | 2016-03-23 | 许继集团有限公司 | High-voltage DC quick circuit breaker and power sub-module thereof |
| CN106159882B (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2018-10-30 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of solid-state direct-current breaker and its control method based on SiC MOSFET |
| CN107370130B (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2019-04-16 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of hybrid high voltage DC breaker and its control strategy based on modified half-bridge submodule |
| CN109755924B (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2024-06-25 | 清华大学 | Circuit topology structure of hybrid direct current breaker and direct current power transmission and distribution system |
| CN110556806B (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2021-06-25 | 西南交通大学 | Bypass capacitor value selection method for suppressing switch arc |
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| CN103646805A (en) | 2014-03-19 |
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