CN105790234A - High-voltage direct-current circuit breaker - Google Patents
High-voltage direct-current circuit breaker Download PDFInfo
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- CN105790234A CN105790234A CN201610146805.6A CN201610146805A CN105790234A CN 105790234 A CN105790234 A CN 105790234A CN 201610146805 A CN201610146805 A CN 201610146805A CN 105790234 A CN105790234 A CN 105790234A
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- bridge
- brachium pontis
- circuit breaker
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
- H02H7/267—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured for parallel lines and wires
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
- H02H7/261—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured involving signal transmission between at least two stations
- H02H7/262—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured involving signal transmission between at least two stations involving transmissions of switching or blocking orders
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
- H02H7/268—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured for dc systems
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-voltage direct-current circuit breaker. The high-voltage direct-current circuit breaker is formed in a way that more than two direct-current circuit breaker modules are connected in series; each direct-current circuit breaker is formed in a way that a main flow passage branch, an auxiliary electronic switch branch and a lightning arrester branch are connected in parallel; the main flow passage branch is connected with a mechanical switch and a convertor unit in series; the auxiliary electronic switch branch is connected with a cutoff unit; and the convertor unit and the cutoff unit are independently provided with more than one full control type power switch device, wherein an amount of the full control type power switch device in the convertor unit is smaller than the amount of the full control type power switch devices in the cutoff unit. A plurality of direct-current circuit breaker modules with relatively low voltage are connected in series to form a topological structure suitable for the circuit breaker in a high-voltage environment. The high-voltage direct-current circuit breaker has the advantages of simple structure and high working efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Modular HVDC chopper, belong to technical field of HVDC transmission.
Background technology
At present, the topology of high voltage DC breaker mainly has the IGBT module of forward and reverse cascaded structure and the IGBT module series connection of single-stage H bridge construction, one high-voltage high-speed mechanical switch composition of outer configuration.When disconnecting DC current due to dc circuit breaker, significantly high direct current transient voltage can be produced at chopper two ends, therefore, dc circuit breaker transfer branch road needs a lot of IGBT module of connecting, requiring that Fast mechanical switch bears significantly high shutoff voltage simultaneously, thus result in the bulky of dc circuit breaker, cost is high, simultaneously that the requirement of Fast mechanical switch is significantly high, design difficulty is very big.
Prior art application number is 201520250675.1 and is called in " a kind of direct-current short circuit device ", this dc circuit breaker includes change of current branch road and main electrical switch branch road, each branch circuit parallel connection connects, and wherein main electrical switch props up route full-bridge MMC or half-bridge MMC or full-bridge MMC and half-bridge MMC cascade composition.The document only meets relatively low pressure situation, it is impossible to suitable in environment under high pressure.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, it is proposed that a kind of high voltage DC breaker, solve the chopper being currently used in environment under high pressure and components and parts are required high technical problem.
For achieving the above object, the solution of the present invention includes:
A kind of high voltage DC breaker, the high pressure open circuit chopper stated is formed by plural dc circuit breaker block coupled in series；Each dc circuit breaker module is formed by leading through-flow branch road, auxiliary electron switching branches and spark gap branch circuit parallel connection；Main through-flow branch road is in series with mechanical switch and convertor unit；Auxiliary switch branch road is connected to interruption units；Convertor unit and interruption units are equipped with more than one full-control type device for power switching；The quantity of the full-control type device for power switching in convertor unit is less than the full-control type device for power switching in interruption units.
Further, convertor unit and interruption units are in series with the full-bridge MMC submodule or half-bridge MMC submodule that set quantity, or formed by full-bridge MMC submodule and half-bridge MMC submodule according to setting number, sequential series, or be made up of a full-bridge submodule.
Further, described full-bridge MMC submodule and a by-pass switch parallel connection.
Further, described half-bridge MMC submodule and a by-pass switch parallel connection.
Further, described full-bridge inverter includes: the first brachium pontis, the second brachium pontis, the 3rd brachium pontis, four bridge legs and electric capacity；Each brachium pontis is connected two or more, full-control type device for power switching that quantity is identical；
Wherein, one end of the first brachium pontis is connected with one end of the second brachium pontis, and its link is as the input/output terminal of full-bridge submodule, and one end of the 3rd brachium pontis is connected with one end of four bridge legs, and its link is as the input/output end of full-bridge submodule；
The other end of the positive pole of electric capacity and the other end of the first brachium pontis and the 3rd brachium pontis is connected, and the negative pole of electric capacity is connected with the other end of the second brachium pontis and the other end of four bridge legs.
Further, described electric capacity is the electric capacity of one or more series connection.
Further, described each electric capacity is parallel with even resistance.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
A kind of modularity primary cut-out of the present invention, this primary cut-out is formed by several dc circuit breaker block coupled in series, each dc circuit breaker module includes: module is formed by leading through-flow branch road, auxiliary electron switching branches and spark gap branch road, and three branch roads are connected in parallel to each other；Main through-flow branch road is in series with mechanical switch and convertor unit；Auxiliary switch branch road is connected to interruption units；Convertor unit and interruption units are equipped with more than one full-control type device for power switching.The present invention by forming the topological structure of the chopper suitable in environment under high pressure by the dc circuit breaker block coupled in series of several relatively low pressures, simple in construction, work efficiency are high, ensure that dc circuit breaker has the ability blocking DC voltage completely simultaneously, reach the purpose of quick segmentation DC line.
Convertor unit and interruption units are constituted by a full-bridge submodule；Each brachium pontis of full-bridge submodule is connected plural full-control type device for power switching.The present invention adopts full-bridge submodule can be greatly simplified design structure, save busbar resource, reduce cost, and easy for removal and installation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the high voltage DC breaker in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 2 is the dc circuit breaker module in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 3 is the full-bridge MMC submodule in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the half-bridge MMC submodule in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the high voltage DC breaker in the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Fig. 6 is the dc circuit breaker module in the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Fig. 7 is the full-bridge submodule in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the many electric capacity many resistance full-bridge submodules in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is the dc circuit breaker module in the embodiment of the present invention 3；
Figure 10 is the dc circuit breaker module in the embodiment of the present invention 4.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described in detail.
High voltage DC breaker embodiment 1
As it is shown in figure 1, a kind of high voltage DC breaker, this primary cut-out is in series by multiple dc circuit breaker module；Each dc circuit breaker module is the dc circuit breaker module of a complete relatively low pressure.Selecting dc circuit breaker module in the present embodiment is 50kV；If the quantity of dc circuit breaker module is 4, then this primary cut-out is the dc circuit breaker of 200kV；If the quantity of dc circuit breaker module is 10, then this primary cut-out is the dc circuit breaker of 500kV；Quantity according to the dc circuit breaker module set can form the dc circuit breaker of Arbitrary Digit magnitude.
As in figure 2 it is shown, described dc circuit breaker module includes main through-flow branch road, auxiliary electron switching branches and spark gap branch road, three branch roads are in parallel each other.
Main through-flow branch road is in series with Fast mechanical switch and convertor unit, auxiliary electron switch is connected to interruption units.
In the present embodiment, convertor unit and interruption units are in series by a number of MMC submodule, this MMC submodule can be full-bridge MMC submodule or half-bridge MMC submodule, or main through-flow branch road is according to setting number, sequential series several full-bridges MMC submodule and half-bridge MMC submodule；
Wherein, as it is shown on figure 3, full-bridge MMC submodule is mainly made up of 4 full-control type device for power switching (adopting IGBT in the present embodiment), by-pass switch and electric capacity.4 IGBT respectively IGBT, the 2nd IGBT, the 3rd IGBT and the four IGBT and electric capacity composition, wherein the positive pole of electric capacity is connected with the colelctor electrode of an IGBT and the colelctor electrode of the 3rd IGBT, the negative pole of electric capacity is connected with the emitter stage of the 2nd IGBT and the emitter stage of the 4th IGBT, the emitter stage of the oneth IGBT and the colelctor electrode of the 2nd IGBT are connected, this link is as the first outfan of full-bridge MMC submodule, the emitter stage of the 3rd IGBT and the colelctor electrode of the 4th IGBT are connected, and this connection terminal is as the second outfan of full-bridge MMC submodule.
As shown in Figure 4, the structure of half-bridge MMC submodule is: half-bridge MMC submodule is made up of an IGBT, the 2nd IGBT and electric capacity；Wherein, the colelctor electrode of the oneth IGBT and the emitter stage of the 2nd IGBT connect, the negative pole of electric capacity and the emitter stage of the first bridge IGBT connect, the positive pole of electric capacity and the colelctor electrode of the 2nd IGBT connect, the emitter stage of the oneth IGBT also serves as the first outfan of half-bridge MMC submodule, and the emitter stage of the second bridge IGBT also serves as the second outfan of half-bridge MMC submodule.
IGBT negligible amounts on usual convertor unit, for instance in Fig. 2, convertor unit is composed in series by 2 full-bridge MMC submodules, has 3 full-bridge MMC submodules to be composed in series in interruption units.As other embodiments, it is possible to set the quantity of MMC submodule according to the practical situation of designed chopper.
Being in series with spark gap on described spark gap branch road, the quantity of spark gap can choose 1, it is also possible to chooses multiple.In the present embodiment, spark gap is connected in parallel on the two ends of main cocurrent flow branch road and auxiliary electron switching branches, and as other embodiments, spark gap can also carry out parallel connection with corresponding element, it is also possible to selective to needing local two ends to be protected to increase voltage limiting device.
In the present embodiment, each convertor unit module and breaking units module are all parallel with a by-pass switch, and whether break down according to convertor unit module and breaking units module arranges cut-offfing of by-pass switch.When flowing unit module and breaking units module breaks down, close corresponding by-pass switch, it is to avoid affect dc circuit breaker module normal operation because of convertor unit module and breaking units module damage.As other embodiments, even if being not provided with by-pass switch, the present embodiment can be realized too.
The choosing quantity and can determine according to practical situation of electric capacity in full-bridge MMC submodule and half-bridge MMC submodule in the present embodiment, as it is shown on figure 3, be all only provided with an electric capacity and a resistance in full-bridge inverter and half-bridge inverter.As other embodiments, the branch road being connected to electric capacity and resistance can be in series with multiple electric capacity or resistance.
The present embodiment is selected MMC submodule be only preferred embodiment in interruption units, as other embodiments, select the IGBT connected mode of other forms to realize, as: interruption units adopts some IGBT differential concatenations.
Based on the structure of above-mentioned high voltage DC breaker, the specific works principle of described high voltage DC breaker is as follows:
When major loop is in normal duty, closing mechanical switch, electric current passes through from each dc circuit breaker through-flow branch road of module master of series connection, and now in auxiliary electron switching branches, no current passes through, particularly as follows:
When just starting dc circuit breaker module, Fast mechanical switch is in disconnection, IGBT in auxiliary electron switching branches is in forward conduction state, electric current flows through in the fly-wheel diode from an IGBT and the 2nd reverse IGBT of forward jointly, and now two articles of branch roads at the IGBT in auxiliary electron switching branches and the 2nd reverse IGBT place are in parallel state.
Then, closing mechanical switch, main through-flow stream branch road now turns on, and due to the IGBT negligible amounts on main through-flow branch road, causes that the conducting pressure in auxiliary electron switching branches is forced down in the conducting on through-flow stream branch road.
Therefore, electric current is transferred to rapidly on main through-flow stream branch road auxiliary electron switching branches, until the electric current of auxiliary electron switching branches is transferred completely on main through-flow stream branch road, now, in auxiliary electron switching branches, no current passes through, and is equivalent to auxiliary electron switching branches and is off.
When the hvdc transmission line at described primary cut-out place breaks down, each dc circuit breaker module starts action: trigger the whole IGBT in auxiliary electron switching branches, system power starts the electric capacity charging in MMC submodule on main through-flow branch road, from but main through-flow branch road MMC submodule both end voltage raise, can turn in auxiliary electron switching branches in MMC submodule after the threshold voltage of IGBT when voltage is increased to, electric current starts to shift from main through-flow branch road toward auxiliary electron switching branches
After the electric current on main through-flow branch road is transferred in auxiliary electron switching branches completely, the electric current on main through-flow branch road is reduced to zero, is disconnected by mechanical switch, and main through-flow branch road and auxiliary electron switch auxiliary branch complete commutation course, complete main through-flow branch road disjunction.
Then, entering auxiliary electron switching branches breaking course, the mode of auxiliary electron switch auxiliary branch method for dividing and the through-flow branch road of above-mentioned master is just essentially identical.
Electric capacity is charged by the anti-paralleled diode of the IGBT in auxiliary electron switching branches, and the voltage that electric capacity is formed becomes the backward voltage hindering diode on-state.
In auxiliary electron switching branches, the voltage at MMC submodule two ends starts to raise; when voltage is increased to the voltage threshold that can make spark gap unlatching protection act; electric current in auxiliary electron switching branches starts to be transferred to spark gap; until spark gap fully absorbs the electric current of auxiliary electron switching branches; now; each dc circuit breaker completes disjunction, thus realizing the purpose of whole high voltage DC breaker disjunction DC line.
High voltage DC breaker embodiment 2
Being distinctive in that with " high voltage DC breaker embodiment 1 ", as shown in Figure 5,6, in the present embodiment, the convertor unit in dc circuit breaker module and the some MMC submodules connected in interruption units all replace with a full-bridge submodule.
As it is shown in fig. 7, full-bridge submodule described here is become with resistance by the first brachium pontis T1, the second brachium pontis T2, the 3rd brachium pontis T3, four bridge legs T4, electric capacity；Each brachium pontis is in series with plural full-control type device for power switching (IGBT).
One end of first brachium pontis is connected with one end of the second brachium pontis, and its link is as the input/output terminal of full-bridge submodule, and one end of the 3rd brachium pontis is connected with one end of four bridge legs, and its link is as the input/output end of full-bridge submodule.
The other end of the positive pole of electric capacity and the other end of the first brachium pontis and the 3rd brachium pontis is connected, and the negative pole of electric capacity is connected with the other end of the second brachium pontis and the other end of four bridge legs, and resistor coupled in parallel is to electric capacity.
The quantity of the full-control type device for power switching in convertor unit is less than the quantity of the control type device for power switching in interruption units.Such as, in Fig. 6, convertor unit module and interruption units module all adopt full-bridge inverter, and each brachium pontis on full-bridge inverter in convertor unit module is in series with 2 IGBT, and each brachium pontis on full-bridge inverter in interruption units module is in series with 4 IGBT.
The choosing quantity and can determine according to practical situation of electric capacity and resistance in full-bridge submodule, is all only provided with an electric capacity and an equalizing resistance in full-bridge submodule in the present embodiment.As other embodiments, the branch road being connected to electric capacity and resistance can be in series with multiple electric capacity or resistance.Such as, in Fig. 8, full-bridge submodule has two electric capacity and two equalizing resistances, equalizing resistance and corresponding Capacitance parallel connection.
Convertor unit adopts a full-bridge submodule compared with adopting some MMC submodules with interruption units, saves busbar resource, reduces cost, easily facilitates installation and removal.
In the present embodiment, it is ensured that the IGBT module on main through-flow branch road is less than the IGBT module quantity in auxiliary electron switch.
In the present embodiment, multiple MMC submodules are substituted by a full-bridge submodule, as other embodiments, it is also possible to be that each MMC submodule substitutes by a full-bridge submodule.
High voltage DC breaker embodiment 3
As shown in Figure 9, it is distinctive in that with " high voltage DC breaker embodiment 2 ", in the present embodiment, the convertor unit in each dc circuit breaker module adopts the form of a full-bridge submodule in embodiment 2, but, interruption units adopts some full-bridge MMC submodules or the mode of half-bridge MMC submodule series connection or the form of sampling full-bridge MMC submodule and the mixing series connection of half-bridge MMC submodule.
The present embodiment is selected MMC submodule be only preferred embodiment in interruption units, as other embodiments, select the IGBT connected mode of other forms to realize, as: interruption units adopts some IGBT differential concatenations.
High voltage DC breaker embodiment 4
As shown in Figure 10, it is distinctive in that with " high voltage DC breaker embodiment 2 ", only to the form adopting full-bridge submodule in interruption units in embodiment 2, but, convertor unit adopts some full-bridge MMC submodules or the mode of half-bridge MMC submodule series connection or the form of sampling full-bridge MMC submodule and the mixing series connection of half-bridge MMC submodule.
The present embodiment is selected MMC submodule be only preferred embodiment in interruption units, as other embodiments, select the IGBT connected mode of other forms to realize, as: interruption units adopts some IGBT differential concatenations.
High voltage DC breaker embodiment 5
Owing to high voltage DC breaker is formed by several dc circuit breaker block coupled in series, embodiment 1,2,3 and 4 has separately designed the dc circuit breaker module of 4 kinds of different structures.Therefore, the high voltage DC breaker in the present embodiment is the different types of dc circuit breaker module of embodiment 1,2,3 and 4 to be formed according to the quantity set and sequential series.
Under inventing the bright thinking provided; adopt the mode being readily apparent that to those skilled in the art that the technological means in above-described embodiment is converted, replaces, revised; and the goal of the invention that the effect played is essentially identical with the relevant art means in the present invention, realize is also essentially identical; above-described embodiment is carried out fine setting and is formed by the technical scheme so formed, and this technical scheme still falls within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a high voltage DC breaker, it is characterised in that: described high pressure open circuit chopper is formed by plural dc circuit breaker block coupled in series；Each dc circuit breaker module is formed by leading through-flow branch road, auxiliary electron switching branches and spark gap branch circuit parallel connection；Main through-flow branch road is in series with mechanical switch and convertor unit；Auxiliary switch branch road is connected to interruption units；Convertor unit and interruption units are equipped with more than one full-control type device for power switching；The quantity of the full-control type device for power switching in convertor unit is less than the full-control type device for power switching in interruption units.
2. a kind of high voltage DC breaker according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, convertor unit and interruption units are in series with the full-bridge MMC submodule or half-bridge MMC submodule that set quantity, or formed by full-bridge MMC submodule and half-bridge MMC submodule according to setting number, sequential series, or be made up of a full-bridge submodule.
3. a kind of high voltage DC breaker according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described full-bridge MMC submodule and a by-pass switch parallel connection.
4. a kind of high voltage DC breaker according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described half-bridge MMC submodule and a by-pass switch parallel connection.
5. a kind of high voltage DC breaker according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described full-bridge inverter includes: the first brachium pontis, the second brachium pontis, the 3rd brachium pontis, four bridge legs and electric capacity；Each brachium pontis is connected two or more, full-control type device for power switching that quantity is identical；
Wherein, one end of the first brachium pontis is connected with one end of the second brachium pontis, and its link is as the input/output terminal of full-bridge submodule, and one end of the 3rd brachium pontis is connected with one end of four bridge legs, and its link is as the input/output end of full-bridge submodule；
The other end of the positive pole of electric capacity and the other end of the first brachium pontis and the 3rd brachium pontis is connected, and the negative pole of electric capacity is connected with the other end of the second brachium pontis and the other end of four bridge legs.
6. a kind of high voltage DC breaker according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: described electric capacity is the electric capacity of one or more series connection.
7. a kind of high voltage DC breaker according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: described each electric capacity is parallel with even resistance.
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| CN201610146805.6A CN105790234A (en) | 2016-03-15 | 2016-03-15 | High-voltage direct-current circuit breaker |
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| CN201610146805.6A CN105790234A (en) | 2016-03-15 | 2016-03-15 | High-voltage direct-current circuit breaker |
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| CN106300291A (en) * | 2016-08-27 | 2017-01-04 | 天津大学 | Hybrid high voltage DC breaker based on IGBT |
| WO2017050103A1 (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2017-03-30 | 全球能源互联网研究院 | Cascaded full-bridge high-voltage dc circuit breaker, quick reclosing method, and storage medium |
| CN106655081A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-10 | 平高集团有限公司 | Direct current circuit breaker and control method therefor |
| CN106786403A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-05-31 | 华北电力大学 | A kind of DC solid circuit breaker with continuous current circuit |
| CN107947132A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-04-20 | 天津大学 | It is a kind of that there is micro- loss combined machine formula dc circuit breaker of reclosing |
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| CN112952744A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2021-06-11 | 清华四川能源互联网研究院 | Direct current breaker, direct current breaking method and power system |
| CN113809724A (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2021-12-17 | 许继集团有限公司 | Method and device for protecting main branch electronic switch of hybrid high-voltage direct-current circuit breaker |
| CN113809724B (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2023-10-20 | 许继集团有限公司 | Main branch electronic switch protection method and device for hybrid high-voltage direct-current breaker |
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