CN113809724B - Main branch electronic switch protection method and device for hybrid high-voltage direct-current breaker - Google Patents
Main branch electronic switch protection method and device for hybrid high-voltage direct-current breaker Download PDFInfo
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- CN113809724B CN113809724B CN202010543229.5A CN202010543229A CN113809724B CN 113809724 B CN113809724 B CN 113809724B CN 202010543229 A CN202010543229 A CN 202010543229A CN 113809724 B CN113809724 B CN 113809724B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/22—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for distribution gear, e.g. bus-bar systems; for switching devices
- H02H7/222—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for distribution gear, e.g. bus-bar systems; for switching devices for switches
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
- H02H7/261—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured involving signal transmission between at least two stations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
- H02H7/268—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured for dc systems
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Abstract
A main branch electronic switch protection method and device of a hybrid high-voltage direct-current breaker, wherein the main branch electronic switch is composed of m-level module serial groups, and comprises k serial group redundancy modules, each level serial group is composed of n-level parallel power modules, and comprises j parallel redundancy modules; each parallel power module is connected with 1 bypass switch in parallel and is used for isolating a fault module and forming a through-flow branch. According to the method, whether the power module series redundancy loss and the power module parallel redundancy loss exist or not is judged, and the current state of the circuit breaker is combined to control the action of the circuit breaker, so that the overcurrent and overvoltage protection of the main branch electronic switch is realized, and the running reliability of the circuit breaker body equipment is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high-voltage direct-current circuit breakers, and particularly relates to a method and a device for protecting a main branch electronic switch of a hybrid high-voltage direct-current circuit breaker.
Background
The hybrid high-voltage direct current breaker inherits the excellent static characteristic of the mechanical direct current breaker and the dynamic characteristic of the quick breaking of the solid-state direct current breaker, and is considered to be the high-voltage direct current breaker most likely to be applied in a large range in a future direct current power grid.
The hybrid direct current breaker comprises three parallel branches, including: a main branch, a transfer branch and an energy consumption branch. The main branch is used for conducting system load current, and the transfer branch is used for breaking direct current fault current and bearing transient breaking voltage; the energy consumption branch circuit has the functions of inhibiting transient breaking overvoltage of the circuit breaker and absorbing energy stored by the system. The main branch electronic switch is formed by connecting a mechanical switch and an electronic switch in series, and tolerates high voltage through module serial connection and tolerates high current through module parallel connection.
If the main branch electronic switch power module body fails to cause the loss of the main branch electronic switch serial redundancy, the voltage tolerance capability of the main branch electronic switch is affected; and if the main branch electronic switch is lost in parallel redundancy due to the failure of the power module body, the current tolerance capability of the transfer branch is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a main branch electronic switch protection method and device for a hybrid high-voltage direct current breaker, which are combined with the structural characteristics of main branch electronic switch equipment of the breaker and the switching-on and switching-off action principle of the breaker, can realize overvoltage and overcurrent protection when a main branch electronic switch body breaks down in different states of the breaker, and improve the operation safety of the breaker body equipment.
In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a protection method for a main branch electronic switch of a hybrid high-voltage direct-current circuit breaker, where the main branch electronic switch is composed of m-stage module serial groups, and includes k serial group redundancy modules, and each of the serial group is composed of n-stage parallel power modules, and includes j parallel redundancy modules; each parallel power module is connected with 1 bypass switch in parallel and is used for isolating a fault module and forming a through-flow branch;
the protection method comprises the following steps:
the number p of the fault modules of the series group and the maximum value q of the fault numbers of the parallel power modules in each stage of the fault modules of the series group are monitored in real time;
judging whether the main branch electronic switch has serial redundancy loss and/or parallel redundancy loss according to the p and q values;
and controlling the circuit breaker to work according to a preset condition according to the state of the circuit breaker and the condition that the serial redundancy is lost and/or the parallel redundancy is lost.
Further, the step of monitoring the number p of the fault modules of the series group and the maximum value q of the number of faults of the parallel power modules in each stage of fault modules of the series group in real time includes:
when any module in the series group fails, all the n-level parallel power modules in the series group bypass to form n-level parallel communication flow branches, and the number of the series group of failure modules is recorded as follows because the series group of the n-level parallel power modules does not have voltage tolerance: p=p+1, i.e. the current number of faults is the previous number of faults plus 1;
if the bypass switch of the first-stage fault module is refused to be closed in the i-th-stage serial group fault module, the first-stage fault module cannot form and communicate with a flow branch, and the number of faults of the parallel power modules in the serial group fault module is recorded as follows: q i ＝q i +1, i.e. the current number of faults is the previous number of faults plus 1;
and comparing the number of faults of the parallel power modules in each stage of series fault modules to obtain the maximum value of the number of faults, and marking the maximum value as q.
Further, the step of determining whether the main branch electronic switch has a serial redundancy loss and/or a parallel redundancy loss according to the p and q values includes:
when p is more than k, judging that the serial redundancy of the main branch electronic switch is lost, and the main branch electronic switch loses the capacity of tolerating breaking peak voltage;
when q is more than j, judging that the parallel redundancy of the main branch electronic switch is lost, and the main branch electronic switch loses the fault current tolerance capability.
Further, the step of controlling the circuit breaker to work according to a predetermined condition according to the state of the circuit breaker and the situation that the serial redundancy is lost and/or the parallel redundancy is lost comprises the following steps:
under the state of closing the circuit breaker:
when the main branch electronic switch is lost in series redundancy and in parallel redundancy, and a breaking command of an upper control protection system is received, reporting loss of the circuit breaker, and executing backup failure protection action by the upper control protection system;
when the serial redundancy of the main branch electronic switch is lost, the breaker prohibits breaking the gate, and receives a breaking command of the upper control protection system, and the breaker reports the failure;
when the parallel redundancy of the main branch electronic switch is lost, the breaker forcibly executes self-breaking;
when the main branch electronic switch has no serial redundancy loss and no parallel redundancy loss, the breaker executes switching-off according to a switching-off instruction of the upper control protection system.
Further, the step of controlling the circuit breaker to work according to a predetermined condition according to the state of the circuit breaker and the situation that the serial redundancy is lost and/or the parallel redundancy is lost comprises the following steps:
under the breaker split state:
when the serial redundancy of the main branch electronic switch is lost and/or the parallel redundancy is lost, the circuit breaker prohibits the combination;
when no serial redundancy is lost and no parallel redundancy is lost, the circuit breaker executes switching-on according to switching-on instructions of the upper control protection system.
The invention provides a main branch electronic switch protection device of a hybrid high-voltage direct-current breaker, wherein the main branch electronic switch is composed of m-level module serial groups and comprises k serial group redundancy modules, each level serial group is composed of n-level parallel power modules and comprises j parallel redundancy modules; each parallel power module is connected with 1 bypass switch in parallel and is used for isolating a fault module and forming a through-flow branch;
the protection device further includes:
the fault number monitoring module is used for monitoring the number p of the fault modules of the series group and the maximum value q of the fault numbers of the parallel power modules in each stage of the fault modules of the series group in real time;
the redundancy loss judging module judges whether the main branch electronic switch has serial redundancy loss and/or parallel redundancy loss according to the p and q values;
and the circuit breaker control module is used for controlling the circuit breaker to work according to a preset condition according to the state of the circuit breaker and the condition that the serial redundancy is lost and/or the parallel redundancy is lost.
Further, the fault number monitoring module performs the following steps:
when any module in the series group fails, all the n-level parallel power modules in the series group bypass to form n-level parallel communication flow branches, and the number of the series group of failure modules is recorded as follows because the series group of the n-level parallel power modules does not have voltage tolerance: p=p+1, i.e. the current number of faults is the previous number of faults plus 1;
if the bypass switch of the first-stage fault module is refused to be closed in the i-th-stage serial group fault module, the first-stage fault module cannot form and communicate with a flow branch, and the number of faults of the parallel power modules in the serial group fault module is recorded as follows: q i ＝q i +1, i.e. the current number of faults is the previous number of faults plus 1;
and comparing the number of faults of the parallel power modules in each stage of series fault modules to obtain the maximum value of the number of faults, and marking the maximum value as q.
Further, the redundancy loss judging module executes the following steps:
when p is more than k, judging that the serial redundancy of the main branch electronic switch is lost, and the main branch electronic switch loses the capacity of tolerating breaking peak voltage;
when q is more than j, judging that the parallel redundancy of the main branch electronic switch is lost, and the main branch electronic switch loses the fault current tolerance capability.
Further, the circuit breaker control module performs the steps of:
under the state of closing the circuit breaker:
when the main branch electronic switch is lost in series redundancy and in parallel redundancy, and a breaking command of an upper control protection system is received, reporting loss of the circuit breaker, and executing backup failure protection action by the upper control protection system;
when the serial redundancy of the main branch electronic switch is lost, the breaker prohibits breaking the gate, and receives a breaking command of the upper control protection system, and the breaker reports the failure;
when the parallel redundancy of the main branch electronic switch is lost, the breaker forcibly executes self-breaking;
when the main branch electronic switch has no serial redundancy loss and no parallel redundancy loss, the breaker executes switching-off according to a switching-off instruction of the upper control protection system.
Further, the circuit breaker control module performs the steps of:
under the breaker split state:
when the serial redundancy of the main branch electronic switch is lost and/or the parallel redundancy is lost, the circuit breaker prohibits the combination;
when no serial redundancy is lost and no parallel redundancy is lost, the circuit breaker executes switching-on according to switching-on instructions of the upper control protection system.
In summary, the invention provides a protection method and a device for a main branch electronic switch of a hybrid high-voltage direct-current breaker, wherein the main branch electronic switch is composed of m-level module serial groups and comprises k serial group redundancy modules, each level serial group is composed of n-level parallel power modules and comprises j parallel redundancy modules; each parallel power module is connected with 1 bypass switch in parallel and is used for isolating a fault module and forming a through-flow branch. According to the method, whether the power module series redundancy loss and the power module parallel redundancy loss exist or not is judged, and the current state of the circuit breaker is combined to control the action of the circuit breaker, so that the overcurrent and overvoltage protection of the main branch electronic switch is realized, and the running reliability of the circuit breaker body equipment is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hybrid dc-dc breaker according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a main branch electronic switch of a hybrid dc-dc circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a main branch electronic switch power module of a hybrid HVDC circuit breaker in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart illustrating a switching-off process of a hybrid HVDC circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a flow chart of a method for protecting a main branch hot electron switch of a hybrid high voltage dc circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by the following detailed description of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the description is only illustrative and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as not to unnecessarily obscure the present invention.
The present invention relates to a hybrid high voltage direct current circuit breaker as shown in fig. 1. The hybrid direct current breaker is composed of three parallel branches including a main branch 1, a transfer branch 2 and an energy consumption branch 3. The main branch is formed by connecting a quick mechanical switch 4 and a main branch electronic switch S1 in series and is used for conducting system current; the transfer branch is composed of an electronic switch S2 formed by connecting a plurality of power modules SM2 in series and is used for turning off current under various transient steady-state working conditions; the energy consumption branch is composed of MOV and used for restraining transient breaking voltage of the circuit breaker and absorbing the energy stored by the inductive element.
As shown in fig. 2, the main branch electronic switch is formed by m series groups, and k series group redundancies are included, and each stage of series group is formed by n parallel power modules, and includes j parallel redundancy through-flow branches.
As shown in fig. 3, the main branch electronic switch power module is composed of an IGBT bridge, a lightning arrester F and a bypass switch K, and is called an IGBT bridge power module for short. The IGBT bridge is used for on-off control of the module and realizes bidirectional through flow. The lightning arrester F is used for equalizing voltage and overvoltage protection of the module. When a certain power module fails, the bypass switch K is closed to protect the electronic switch of the power module.
Further, the opening process of the hybrid dc breaker is shown in fig. 4, and specifically includes the following steps:
main branch conduction phase (t 0-t 1): at time t0, the system fails. The fault current flows through the main branch mechanical switch and the main branch electronic switch, and the main branch electronic switch tolerates the fault current at the stage, and the terminal voltage of the main branch electronic switch is very small.
Current transfer stage (t 1-t 2): the breaker receives the opening command, locks the main branch electronic switch, generates a commutation voltage at two ends of the main branch electronic switch, forces the main branch current to transfer to the transfer branch current, and gradually attenuates the main branch fault current. Because stray inductance exists in the main branch electronic switch body, peak voltage is superimposed on the reversing voltage of the main electronic switch when the main branch electronic switch turns off fault current.
The quick mechanical switch opening stage (t 2-t 3): after the current of the main branch is zero crossing, the quick mechanical switch starts to break until the mechanical switch fracture generates enough opening distance, and then the transfer branch is locked. The circuit breaker transfer branch circuit has small on-state voltage drop and small main branch electronic switch terminal voltage.
Energy-consuming branch MOV action phase (t 3-t 4): and after the transfer branch is blocked, a transient voltage is established, and when the voltage exceeds the MOV action voltage, the current is gradually transferred from the transfer branch to the energy consumption branch MOV until the current of the transfer branch is zero. The equivalent impedance of the mechanical switch after the mechanical switch is disconnected is far greater than that of the main branch electronic switch, so that the mechanical switch bears transient voltage, and the voltage of the end of the main branch electronic switch can be approximately equal to 0V.
MOV current decay phase (t 4-t 5): after the fault current is transferred to the energy-consuming branch MOV, the current gradually decays to zero due to the transient voltage established by the circuit breaker, and the MOV absorbs the residual energy of the system in the process.
In the circuit breaker closing state, the main branch electronic switch circulates system current through n parallel branches, and the number n of the parallel branches in the main branch series group is determined by the maximum withstand current of the main branch electronic switch, the maximum current capacity of a single module and the redundancy of the parallel power modules. The number m of main branch series groups is determined by the maximum voltage borne by the two ends of the main branch electronic switch, the maximum withstand voltage of the single power module and the serial redundancy requirement.
Accordingly, a first aspect of the present invention provides a method for protecting a main branch electronic switch of a hybrid high voltage direct current breaker, the main branch electronic switch is composed of m-level module serial groups, and comprises k serial group redundancy modules, each level serial group is composed of n-level parallel power modules, and comprises j parallel redundancy modules; each parallel power module is connected with 1 bypass switch in parallel and is used for isolating a fault module and forming a through-flow branch;
the protection method comprises the following steps, as shown in fig. 5:
and step S100, monitoring the number p of the fault modules of the series group and the maximum value q of the fault numbers of the parallel power modules in each stage of the fault modules of the series group in real time.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
when any module in the series group fails, all the n-level parallel power modules in the series group bypass to form n-level parallel communication flow branches, and the number of the series group of failure modules is recorded as follows because the series group of the n-level parallel power modules does not have voltage tolerance: p=p+1, i.e. the current number of faults is the previous number of faults plus 1;
if the bypass switch of the first-stage fault module is refused to be closed in the i-th-stage serial group fault module, the first-stage fault module cannot form and communicate with a flow branch, and the number of faults of the parallel power modules in the serial group fault module is recorded as follows: q i ＝q i +1, i.e. the current number of faults is the previous number of faults plus 1;
and comparing the number of faults of the parallel power modules in each stage of series fault modules to obtain the maximum value of the number of faults, and marking the maximum value as q.
And step 200, judging whether the main branch electronic switch has serial redundancy loss and/or parallel redundancy loss according to the p and q values.
Specifically, when p is more than k, judging that the serial redundancy of the main branch electronic switch is lost, and the main branch electronic switch loses the capacity of tolerating breaking peak voltage;
when q is more than j, judging that the parallel redundancy of the main branch electronic switch is lost, and the main branch electronic switch loses the fault current tolerance capability.
And step S300, controlling the circuit breaker to work according to a preset condition according to the state of the circuit breaker and the condition that the serial redundancy is lost and/or the parallel redundancy is lost.
Specifically, in the breaker closed state:
the main branch electronic switch is lost in series redundancy and in parallel redundancy, a switching-off instruction of an upper control system is received, the breaker reports failure, and the upper control protection system executes backup failure protection action. Specifically, the series redundancy is lost and the parallel redundancy is lost, the main branch electronic switch does not have long-time current capacity, and meanwhile, the voltage stress during breaking cannot be tolerated. Therefore, the circuit breaker reports failure, and the upper control protection system executes failure protection to cut off line current.
When the serial redundancy of the main branch electronic switch is lost, the main branch electronic switch cannot withstand breaking voltage stress, and the breaker prohibits breaking; receiving a breaking command of an upper control protection system, and reporting failure of a breaker;
when the parallel redundancy of the main branch electronic switch is lost, the main electronic switch does not have long-time current passing capability, and the breaker forcibly executes self-breaking;
when the main branch electronic switch has no serial redundancy loss and no parallel redundancy loss, the breaker executes switching-off according to a switching-off instruction of the upper control protection system.
In the breaker split state:
and when the serial redundancy of the main branch electronic switch is lost and/or the parallel redundancy is lost, the circuit breaker prohibits the combination. Specifically, only the serial redundancy is lost, if the circuit breaker performs the closing, the main branch electronics cannot withstand the voltage stress during breaking, the breaking capacity is not possessed, and the circuit breaker prohibits the closing. Only the parallel redundancy is lost, after the circuit breaker performs the closing by the dividing, the main branch electronic switch does not have long-time current passing capability, and the circuit breaker prohibits the closing.
When no serial redundancy is lost and no parallel redundancy is lost, the circuit breaker executes switching-on according to switching-on instructions of the upper control protection system.
The invention provides a main branch electronic switch protection device of a hybrid high-voltage direct-current breaker, wherein the main branch electronic switch is composed of m-level module serial groups and comprises k serial group redundancy modules, each level serial group is composed of n-level parallel power modules and comprises j parallel redundancy modules; each parallel power module is connected with 1 bypass switch in parallel and is used for isolating a fault module and forming a through-flow branch;
the protection device further includes:
the fault number monitoring module is used for monitoring the number p of the fault modules of the series group and the maximum value q of the fault numbers of the parallel power modules in each stage of the fault modules of the series group in real time;
the redundancy loss judging module judges whether the main branch electronic switch has serial redundancy loss and/or parallel redundancy loss according to the p and q values;
and the circuit breaker control module is used for controlling the circuit breaker to work according to a preset condition according to the state of the circuit breaker and the condition that the serial redundancy is lost and/or the parallel redundancy is lost.
Further, the fault number monitoring module performs the following steps:
when any module in the series group fails, all the n-level parallel power modules in the series group bypass to form n-level parallel communication flow branches, and the number of the series group of failure modules is recorded as follows because the series group of the n-level parallel power modules does not have voltage tolerance: p=p+1, i.e. the current number of faults is the previous number of faults plus 1;
if the bypass switch of the first-stage fault module is refused to be closed in the i-th-stage serial group fault module, the first-stage fault module cannot form and communicate with a flow branch, and the fault module in the serial groupThe fault numbers of the middle parallel power modules are recorded as follows: q i ＝q i +1, i.e. the current number of faults is the previous number of faults plus 1;
and comparing the number of faults of the parallel power modules in each stage of series fault modules to obtain the maximum value of the number of faults, and marking the maximum value as q.
Further, the redundancy loss judging module executes the following steps:
when p is more than k, judging that the serial redundancy of the main branch electronic switch is lost, and the main branch electronic switch loses the capacity of tolerating breaking peak voltage;
when q is more than j, judging that the parallel redundancy of the main branch electronic switch is lost, and the main branch electronic switch loses the fault current tolerance capability.
Further, the circuit breaker control module performs the steps of:
under the state of closing the circuit breaker:
when the main branch electronic switch is lost in series redundancy and in parallel redundancy, and a breaking command of an upper control protection system is received, reporting loss of the circuit breaker, and executing backup failure protection action by the upper control protection system;
when the serial redundancy of the main branch electronic switch is lost, the breaker prohibits breaking the gate, and receives a breaking command of the upper control protection system, and the breaker reports the failure;
when the parallel redundancy of the main branch electronic switch is lost, the breaker forcibly executes self-breaking;
when the main branch electronic switch has no serial redundancy loss and no parallel redundancy loss, the breaker executes switching-off according to a switching-off instruction of the upper control protection system.
Further, the circuit breaker control module performs the steps of:
under the breaker split state:
when the serial redundancy of the main branch electronic switch is lost and/or the parallel redundancy is lost, the circuit breaker prohibits the combination;
when no serial redundancy is lost and no parallel redundancy is lost, the circuit breaker executes switching-on according to switching-on instructions of the upper control protection system.
In summary, the invention provides a protection method and a device for a main branch electronic switch of a hybrid high-voltage direct-current breaker, wherein the main branch electronic switch is composed of m-level module serial groups and comprises k serial group redundancy modules, each level serial group is composed of n-level parallel power modules and comprises j parallel redundancy modules; each parallel power module is connected with 1 bypass switch in parallel and is used for isolating a fault module and forming a through-flow branch. According to the method, whether the power module series redundancy loss and the power module parallel redundancy loss exist or not is judged, and the current state of the circuit breaker is combined to control the action of the circuit breaker, so that the overcurrent and overvoltage protection of the main branch electronic switch is realized, and the running reliability of the circuit breaker body equipment is improved.
It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative of or explanation of the principles of the present invention and are in no way limiting of the invention. Accordingly, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, the appended claims are intended to cover all such changes and modifications that fall within the scope and boundary of the appended claims, or equivalents of such scope and boundary.
Claims (10)
1. The main branch electronic switch protection method of the hybrid high-voltage direct-current breaker is characterized in that the main branch electronic switch is composed of m-level module serial groups and comprises k serial group redundancy modules, each level serial group is composed of n-level parallel power modules and comprises j parallel redundancy modules; each parallel power module is connected with 1 bypass switch in parallel and is used for isolating a fault module and forming a through-flow branch;
the protection method comprises the following steps:
the number p of the fault modules of the series group and the maximum value q of the fault numbers of the parallel power modules in each stage of the fault modules of the series group are monitored in real time;
judging whether the main branch electronic switch has serial redundancy loss and/or parallel redundancy loss according to the p and q values;
and controlling the circuit breaker to work according to a preset condition according to the state of the circuit breaker and the condition that the serial redundancy is lost and/or the parallel redundancy is lost.
2. The method for protecting a main branch electronic switch of a hybrid high voltage direct current breaker according to claim 1, wherein the step of monitoring the number p of fault modules in the series group and the maximum value q of the number of faults of the parallel power modules in each stage of fault modules in the series group in real time comprises:
when any module in the series group fails, all the n-level parallel power modules in the series group bypass to form n-level parallel communication flow branches, and the number of the series group of failure modules is recorded as follows because the series group of the n-level parallel power modules does not have voltage tolerance: p=p+1, i.e. the current number of faults is the previous number of faults plus 1;
if the bypass switch of the first-stage fault module is refused to be closed in the i-th-stage serial group fault module, the first-stage fault module cannot form and communicate with a flow branch, and the number of faults of the parallel power modules in the serial group fault module is recorded as follows: q i ＝q i +1, i.e. the current number of faults is the previous number of faults plus 1;
and comparing the number of faults of the parallel power modules in each stage of series fault modules to obtain the maximum value of the number of faults, and marking the maximum value as q.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the step of determining whether there is a loss of series redundancy and/or a loss of parallel redundancy in the main branch electronic switch according to the p and q values comprises:
when p is more than k, judging that the serial redundancy of the main branch electronic switch is lost, and the main branch electronic switch loses the capacity of tolerating breaking peak voltage;
when q is more than j, judging that the parallel redundancy of the main branch electronic switch is lost, and the main branch electronic switch loses the fault current tolerance capability.
4. A method of protecting a main branch electronic switch of a hybrid high voltage dc circuit breaker according to claim 3, wherein said step of controlling the operation of the circuit breaker according to predetermined conditions based on the state of the circuit breaker and the loss of the serial redundancy and/or the loss of the parallel redundancy comprises:
under the state of closing the circuit breaker:
when the main branch electronic switch is lost in series redundancy and in parallel redundancy, and a breaking command of an upper control protection system is received, reporting loss of the circuit breaker, and executing backup failure protection action by the upper control protection system;
when the serial redundancy of the main branch electronic switch is lost, the breaker prohibits breaking the gate, and receives a breaking command of the upper control protection system, and the breaker reports the failure;
when the parallel redundancy of the main branch electronic switch is lost, the breaker forcibly executes self-breaking;
when the main branch electronic switch has no serial redundancy loss and no parallel redundancy loss, the breaker executes switching-off according to a switching-off instruction of the upper control protection system.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the step of controlling the operation of the circuit breaker according to a predetermined condition based on the state of the circuit breaker and the loss of the serial redundancy and/or the loss of the parallel redundancy comprises:
under the breaker split state:
when the serial redundancy of the main branch electronic switch is lost and/or the parallel redundancy is lost, the circuit breaker prohibits the combination;
when no serial redundancy is lost and no parallel redundancy is lost, the circuit breaker executes switching-on according to switching-on instructions of the upper control protection system.
6. The main branch electronic switch protection device of the hybrid high-voltage direct-current breaker is characterized by comprising m-level module serial groups, wherein each level serial group comprises k serial group redundancy modules, each level serial group comprises n-level parallel power modules and j parallel redundancy modules; each parallel power module is connected with 1 bypass switch in parallel and is used for isolating a fault module and forming a through-flow branch;
the protection device further includes:
the fault number monitoring module is used for monitoring the number p of the fault modules of the series group and the maximum value q of the fault numbers of the parallel power modules in each stage of the fault modules of the series group in real time;
the redundancy loss judging module judges whether the main branch electronic switch has serial redundancy loss and/or parallel redundancy loss according to the p and q values;
and the circuit breaker control module is used for controlling the circuit breaker to work according to a preset condition according to the state of the circuit breaker and the condition that the serial redundancy is lost and/or the parallel redundancy is lost.
7. The hybrid high voltage direct current breaker main branch electronic switch protection device of claim 6, wherein the fault count monitoring module performs the steps of:
when any module in the series group fails, all the n-level parallel power modules in the series group bypass to form n-level parallel communication flow branches, and the number of the series group of failure modules is recorded as follows because the series group of the n-level parallel power modules does not have voltage tolerance: p=p+1, i.e. the current number of faults is the previous number of faults plus 1;
if the bypass switch of the first-stage fault module is refused to be closed in the i-th-stage serial group fault module, the first-stage fault module cannot form and communicate with a flow branch, and the number of faults of the parallel power modules in the serial group fault module is recorded as follows: q i ＝q i +1, i.e. the current number of faults is the previous number of faults plus 1;
and comparing the number of faults of the parallel power modules in each stage of series fault modules to obtain the maximum value of the number of faults, and marking the maximum value as q.
8. The hybrid high voltage direct current breaker main branch electronic switch protection device of claim 6 or 7, wherein the redundancy loss judging module performs the steps of:
when p is more than k, judging that the serial redundancy of the main branch electronic switch is lost, and the main branch electronic switch loses the capacity of tolerating breaking peak voltage;
when q is more than j, judging that the parallel redundancy of the main branch electronic switch is lost, and the main branch electronic switch loses the fault current tolerance capability.
9. The hybrid high voltage dc breaker main branch electronic switch protection device of claim 8, wherein the breaker control module performs the steps of:
under the state of closing the circuit breaker:
when the main branch electronic switch is lost in series redundancy and in parallel redundancy, and a breaking command of an upper control protection system is received, reporting loss of the circuit breaker, and executing backup failure protection action by the upper control protection system;
when the serial redundancy of the main branch electronic switch is lost, the breaker prohibits breaking the gate, and receives a breaking command of the upper control protection system, and the breaker reports the failure;
when the parallel redundancy of the main branch electronic switch is lost, the breaker forcibly executes self-breaking;
when the main branch electronic switch has no serial redundancy loss and no parallel redundancy loss, the breaker executes switching-off according to a switching-off instruction of the upper control protection system.
10. The hybrid high voltage direct current breaker main branch electronic switch protection device of claim 9 wherein said breaker control module performs the steps of:
under the breaker split state:
when the serial redundancy of the main branch electronic switch is lost and/or the parallel redundancy is lost, the circuit breaker prohibits the combination;
when no serial redundancy is lost and no parallel redundancy is lost, the circuit breaker executes switching-on according to switching-on instructions of the upper control protection system.
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