CN104980137A - Forced current conversion type all-solid-state high-speed DC circuit breaker and current conversion switch - Google Patents
Forced current conversion type all-solid-state high-speed DC circuit breaker and current conversion switch Download PDFInfo
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- CN104980137A CN104980137A CN201510315026.XA CN201510315026A CN104980137A CN 104980137 A CN104980137 A CN 104980137A CN 201510315026 A CN201510315026 A CN 201510315026A CN 104980137 A CN104980137 A CN 104980137A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a forced current conversion type all-solid-state high-speed DC circuit breaker and a current conversion switch. The forced current conversion type all-solid-state high-speed DC circuit breaker comprises a current conversion branch and a main electronic switching branch which are connected in parallel. The current conversion branch is composed of a solid-state switch and the current conversion switch through series connection. The current conversion switch is composed of full-bridge MMC submodules through cascading or half-bridge MMC submodules through cascading or the full-bridge MMC submodules and the half-bridge MMC submodules according to preset number and sequence of cascading. The forced current conversion type all-solid-state high-speed DC circuit breaker is easy in realization of the topological structure, flexible in control, high in disconnection speed, low in loss and great in technology economical efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to high-power electric and electronic technical field, be specifically related to all solid state high speed d-c circuit breaker of a kind of forced commutation type and commutation switch thereof.
Background technology
In recent years, along with China's economy and scientific and technological development, the demand of the energy was also increased day by day.For effectively solving the energy skewness problem of China, HVDC Transmission Technology is becoming a kind of effective means at present.Especially the maturation gradually of Technology of HVDC based Voltage Source Converter facilitates distributed new development especially.Because forthright system has the fireballing characteristic of fault progression, especially for the flexible direct current power transmission system based on IGBT device, owing to there is anti-paralleled diode, when DC side breaks down, cannot limiting short-circuit current fast.Therefore the research of DC circuit breaker has great significance for the stability of DC transmission system.
At present, solid-state direct-current circuit breaker generally adopts half control type or full-control type power electronic switching device to realize controlling the switching of electric current, there is non-contact, the quick silent of switching, the switching time advantages such as accurately controlled, life-span is long, but there is the weak points such as the easy over-voltage and over-current of electronic power switch device.
A kind of solid-state direct-current Circuit breaker technology that such as Chinese patent literature " a kind of all solid state DC circuit breaker and control method thereof " (CN 103997322A) proposes.The program is by arranging the change of current branch road be made up of reverse parallel connection thyristor and differential concatenation IGBT, the cutout branch road be made up of the IGBT of multiple differential concatenations of connecting.When normally working, direct current is flow through by change of current branch road, and when fault, controls the switch on and off of each current path, by flowing through the current conversion of change of current branch road on cutout branch road, realizes the shutoff to fault current.
Program commutation switch uses this structure of the IGBT of differential concatenation, and under failure condition in the turn off process of commutation switch, the coherence request turned off IGBT is higher, realizes difficulty large in engineering; Solid-state switch simultaneously in commutation switch does not have reverse voltage in turn off process, thyristor turn off process is relatively slow, and after in solid-state switch, electric current is reduced to zero, thyristor is not really in off-state (not recovering forward resistance state in other words).
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide all solid state high speed d-c circuit breaker of a kind of forced commutation type, in order to solve the high defect of coherence request that DC circuit breaker in prior art turns off IGBT.Further, present invention also offers the commutation switch being applied to this DC circuit breaker, is that the core of DC circuit breaker is improved.
For achieving the above object, the solution of the present invention comprises:
The all solid state high speed d-c circuit breaker of a kind of forced commutation type, comprise change of current branch road in parallel and main electronic switch branch road, route solid-state switch is propped up in the described change of current and commutation switch is composed in series; Described commutation switch is made up of bridge-type MMC sub module cascade, or is made up of semi-bridge type MMC sub module cascade, or by bridge-type MMC submodule and semi-bridge type MMC submodule according to setting number, concatenated in order forms.
It is in series that main electronic switch props up at least one main electronic switch unit of route, and main electronic switch unit is made up of the full-controlled switch device of differential concatenation.
Described solid-state switch is made up of the thyristor of at least one group of reverse parallel connection, connects between the thyristor of many group reverse parallel connections.
Described full-controlled switch device is IGBT.
Described DC circuit breaker also comprises at least one lightning arrester, on the corresponding branch road that described lightning arrester is connected in parallel on described change of current branch road and main electronic switch branch road or element.
Present invention also offers a kind of commutation switch for DC circuit breaker, described commutation switch is made up of bridge-type MMC sub module cascade, or be made up of semi-bridge type MMC sub module cascade, or by bridge-type MMC submodule and semi-bridge type MMC submodule according to setting number, concatenated in order forms.
Commutation switch is set to full-bridge MMC submodule, half-bridge MMC submodule or full-bridge MMC and half-bridge MMC mixing submodule, reverse voltage needed for shutoff can be provided for thyristor; The turn-off time of solid switch is very little, and fault current can transfer to rapidly main electronic switch branch road, and main electronic switch unit adopts reversal connection IGBT to be composed in series, and closing fault current of having no progeny can reduce rapidly.The all solid state High-speed DC short-circuiting device of forced commutation type that the present invention proposes has topological structure and is easy to realize, and control flexibly, turn-off speed is fast, and loss is little and have good Technical Economy.
Main electronic switch unit adopts reversal connection IGBT to be composed in series, and closing fault current of having no progeny can reduce rapidly; Thyristor has the characteristic of high-voltage large current, and circuit breaker is applicable to high-capacity direct current transmission of electricity occasion.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is all solid state high speed d-c circuit breaker topological structure of forced commutation type;
Fig. 2 is the control logic in all solid state high speed d-c circuit breaker turn off process of forced commutation type;
Fig. 3 is the operating state of forced commutation type all solid state high speed d-c circuit breaker when normally running;
Fig. 4 is the commutation course of all solid state high speed d-c circuit breaker embodiment of forced commutation type;
Fig. 5 is the operating state of circuit breaker embodiment in main electronic switch branch road turn off process;
Fig. 6 is the current waveform in forced commutation type all solid state high speed d-c circuit breaker embodiment disconnection process.
Embodiment
DC circuit breaker embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, all solid state high speed d-c circuit breaker of forced commutation type is made up of change of current branch road and main electronic switch branch circuit parallel connection.Route solid-state switch is propped up in the change of current and commutation switch is composed in series; It is in series that main electronic switch props up at least one main electronic switch unit of route, and main electronic switch unit is the full-controlled switch device of differential concatenation.Solid-state switch is made up of the thyristor of at least one group of reverse parallel connection, connects between the thyristor of many group reverse parallel connections.
MMC submodule in commutation switch has three kinds of structures: full-bridge MMC sub modular structure, half-bridge MMC sub modular structure, and some bridge-type MMC submodules and some semi-bridge type MMC submodules according to setting number, order carries out the structure that combines.
Wherein, some bridge-type MMC submodules and some semi-bridge type MMC submodules are according to setting number, sequentially combining, comprise multiple situation, a full-bridge submodule as shown in Figure 1 and a half-bridge sub module cascade, or two full-bridge submodules and a half-bridge submodule cascade successively, then or a full-bridge submodule and two half-bridge submodule cascades successively.
In the present embodiment, commutation switch is made up of full-bridge MMC sub module cascade.
In the present embodiment, the solid-state switch unit of change of current branch road uses thyristor.
The full-controlled switch device that in the present embodiment, main electronic switch branch road uses is IGBT, as other execution mode, also can select other full-controlled switch device, such as GTO, IGCT etc. according to circuit breaker embody rule occasion.
As shown in Figure 3, at each differential concatenation IGBT two ends lightning arrester connected in parallel of main electronic switch, for the protection of the energy in IGBT in main electronic switch unit and absorption circuit breaker.As other execution mode, also can be in parallel with whole main electronic switch unit by a lightning arrester, or by lightning arrester and commutation switch, solid-state switch, change of current branch road, or with above-mentioned switch, road in element in parallel.
It is the control logic in forced commutation type all solid state high-speed circuit breaker disconnection process shown in Fig. 2.Wherein in solid-state switch, thyristor belongs to half control type device, and its shutoff is uncontrollable, and the main circuit characteristic that relies on turns off naturally.
During normal operation, main electronic switch is in off state, and commutation switch and solid-state switch are in conducting state, and the direct current in circuit flows through from the change of current branch road of circuit breaker.
Be t after fault occurs
0in the moment, first turn off the IGBT of all submodules in commutation switch, the electric capacity in submodule starts charging, and capacitance voltage raises gradually.Then the IGBT of all switch elements in main electronic switch branch road is triggered.Certain time delay is reserved, as the t in Fig. 2 in the IGBT course of action of two groups of switches
0~ t
1.
After main electronic switch unit triggering and conducting, main electronic switch branch resistance is very little, and thyristor two ends are reverse voltage simultaneously, and therefore electric current transfers to main electronic switch branch road from change of current branch road rapidly, and the electric current on change of current branch road drops to zero fast, t as shown in Figure 2
1~ t
2.
After electric current on change of current branch road drops to zero, need to reserve enough turn-off times (extinguish angle) to thyristor, then turn off the IGBT of all switch elements in main electronic switch branch road, as the t in figure
2~ t
3.
Figure 3 shows that the operating state of forced commutation type all solid state high speed d-c circuit breaker when normally running.
During normal operation, in change of current branch road, the IGBT of commutation switch submodule is in conducting state, and in solid-state switch, thyristor is also in conducting state; Direct current flows through from change of current branch road, and the IGBT of all switch elements of main electronic switch branch road is in off state, does not have electric current to flow through.
Figure 4 shows that all solid state high speed d-c circuit breaker commutation course of forced commutation type.
When DC circuit breaks down, when needing circuit breaker to disconnect, first turn off the IGBT of all submodules in commutation switch, fault current is charged by the anti-paralleled diode antithetical phrase module capacitance of submodule IGBT; When electric capacity reaches certain value, the IGBT of all convertor units in triggering and conducting change of current branch road.
The voltage U at thyristor two ends
t<0, namely now thyristor two ends are reverse voltages, the electric current I on change of current branch road
d1start to be reduced to zero rapidly; Electric current I in main electronic switch branch road
d2increase sharply, work as I
d1when=0, commutation course completes, and fault current all transfers to main electronic switch branch road.
It is working state of circuit breaker in main electronic switch branch road turn off process shown in Fig. 5.
After electric current on change of current branch road is reduced to zero, need for after thyristor reserves certain turn-off time (i.e. extinguish angle), solid-state switch could be calculated and thoroughly turn off, and change of current branch road completes disconnection.
After thyristor recovers forward blocking ability, turn off the IGBT of all switch elements in main electronic switch branch road, the resistance now in main electronic switching circuit is very large, and therefore electric current is reduced to zero rapidly.
In main electronic switch branch road, all IGBT close and have no progeny, and circuit breaker forms overvoltage, and in switch element, lightning arrester electric current rises, by energy absorption.
Electric current on main electronic switch branch road is reduced to zero fast, and all solid state high speed d-c circuit breaker of forced commutation type completes the disconnection task of DC circuit, finally pulls open isolating switch.
Figure 6 shows that patent of the present invention proposes forced commutation type all solid state High-speed DC speed circuit breaker current waveform figure in change of current branch road and main electronic switch branch road in disconnection process.
Circuit breaker starts action in the 0.1ms moment, and commutation switch turns off, capacitor charging.
In the 1.1ms moment, trigger the IGBT opening all switch elements of main electronic switch branch road, change of current branch current drops to zero rapidly, and change of current branch road and main electronic switch branch road commutation course terminate.
Be after zero at change of current branch current, for thyristor reserves the enough pipeline section time, turn off the IGBT of all switch elements in main electronic switch branch road in the 2.15ms moment.
In the 2.3ms moment, the electric current in circuit breaker drops to zero, and DC circuit breaker completes shutoff.The circuit breaker whole course of work duration is less than 2.2ms.
Patent of the present invention proposes all solid state high direct current speed circuit breaker of forced commutation type in disconnection process, commutation switch is capacitor charging in MMC submodule after shut-off, after main electronic switch branch road triggering and conducting, thyristor two ends form reverse voltage, electric current on change of current branch road quickly falls to zero, after thyristor forward blocking ability Quick-return, change of current branch road disconnects.Main electronic switch branch road after shut-off electric current can be dropped rapidly to zero.Do not adopt mechanical switch in circuit breaker, by completing transfer and the shutoff of electric current to the control of power electronic device, ensure that the operate time of circuit breaker.In solid-state switch and commutation switch, power electronic device number is few, significantly reduces the operating loss of circuit breaker.
Commutation switch embodiment
Commutation switch in the present embodiment is identical with the commutation switch structure in above embodiment, therefore does not again illustrate.
Be presented above the specific embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to described execution mode.Under the thinking that the present invention provides; the mode easily expected to those skilled in the art is adopted to convert the technological means in above-described embodiment, replace, revise; and the effect played goal of the invention that is substantially identical with the relevant art means in the present invention, that realize is also substantially identical; the technical scheme of such formation is carried out fine setting to above-described embodiment and is formed, and this technical scheme still falls within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. all solid state high speed d-c circuit breaker of forced commutation type, comprise change of current branch road in parallel and main electronic switch branch road, route solid-state switch is propped up in the described change of current and commutation switch is composed in series; It is characterized in that, described commutation switch is made up of bridge-type MMC sub module cascade, or is made up of semi-bridge type MMC sub module cascade, or by bridge-type MMC submodule and semi-bridge type MMC submodule according to setting number, concatenated in order forms.
2. all solid state high speed d-c circuit breaker of forced commutation type according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, it is in series that described main electronic switch props up at least one main electronic switch unit of route, and main electronic switch unit is made up of the full-controlled switch device of differential concatenation.
3. all solid state high speed d-c circuit breaker of forced commutation type according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described solid-state switch is made up of the thyristor of at least one group of reverse parallel connection, connects between the thyristor of many group reverse parallel connections.
4. all solid state high speed d-c circuit breaker of forced commutation type according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described full-controlled switch device is IGBT.
5. all solid state high speed d-c circuit breaker of forced commutation type according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, it is characterized in that, described DC circuit breaker also comprises at least one lightning arrester, on the corresponding branch road that described lightning arrester is connected in parallel on described change of current branch road and main electronic switch branch road or element.
6. for the commutation switch of DC circuit breaker, it is characterized in that, described commutation switch is made up of bridge-type MMC sub module cascade, or is made up of semi-bridge type MMC sub module cascade, or by bridge-type MMC submodule and semi-bridge type MMC submodule according to setting number, concatenated in order forms.
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| CN201510315026.XA CN104980137B (en) | 2015-06-10 | 2015-06-10 | A kind of all solid state high speed d-c circuit breaker of forced commutation type and commutation switch |
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Cited By (8)
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| CN105655966A (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2016-06-08 | 许继电气股份有限公司 | Direct current breaker |
| CN105790234A (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2016-07-20 | 许继电气股份有限公司 | High-voltage direct-current circuit breaker |
| CN106786349A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-05-31 | 平高集团有限公司 | A kind of assist exchanging circuit module and high voltage DC breaker |
| CN106971883A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2017-07-21 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | A kind of dc circuit breaker of hybrid switch device |
| CN107994553A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-05-04 | 全球能源互联网研究院有限公司 | A kind of hybrid dc circuit breaker and its method for dividing |
| CN108233908A (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2018-06-29 | 许继电气股份有限公司 | A kind of electronic DC switch |
| CN111453563A (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2020-07-28 | 上海三菱电梯有限公司 | Elevator control device |
| CN114629098A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-06-14 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Solid-state switch based on sectional type gapless lightning arrester and utilization rate improving method thereof |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105655966A (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2016-06-08 | 许继电气股份有限公司 | Direct current breaker |
| CN105790234A (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2016-07-20 | 许继电气股份有限公司 | High-voltage direct-current circuit breaker |
| CN106786349A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-05-31 | 平高集团有限公司 | A kind of assist exchanging circuit module and high voltage DC breaker |
| CN106971883A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2017-07-21 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | A kind of dc circuit breaker of hybrid switch device |
| CN107994553A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-05-04 | 全球能源互联网研究院有限公司 | A kind of hybrid dc circuit breaker and its method for dividing |
| CN107994553B (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2019-10-01 | 全球能源互联网研究院有限公司 | A kind of method for dividing of hybrid dc circuit breaker |
| CN108233908A (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2018-06-29 | 许继电气股份有限公司 | A kind of electronic DC switch |
| CN108233908B (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2021-04-20 | 许继电气股份有限公司 | DC electronic switch |
| CN111453563A (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2020-07-28 | 上海三菱电梯有限公司 | Elevator control device |
| CN111453563B (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2022-06-17 | 上海三菱电梯有限公司 | Elevator control device |
| CN114629098A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-06-14 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Solid-state switch based on sectional type gapless lightning arrester and utilization rate improving method thereof |
| CN114629098B (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-11-11 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Solid-state switch based on sectional type gapless lightning arrester and utilization rate improving method thereof |
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