CN109193608A - A kind of capacitance-resistance type blended learning suitable for DC grid - Google Patents
A kind of capacitance-resistance type blended learning suitable for DC grid Download PDFInfo
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- CN109193608A CN109193608A CN201811024116.3A CN201811024116A CN109193608A CN 109193608 A CN109193608 A CN 109193608A CN 201811024116 A CN201811024116 A CN 201811024116A CN 109193608 A CN109193608 A CN 109193608A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of capacitance-resistance type blended learnings suitable for DC grid, including three parallel branches, wherein having two duplicate current limliting branches I and current limliting branch II；An other branch is positive normal open stream branch III；The current limliting branch I and current limliting branch II are in series with full-controlled switch and core current limiting element, and normal through-flow branch III is in series with full-controlled switch and supper-fast mechanical switch.The current limiter has the ability of bidirectional current limiting, using resistor coupled in parallel capacitor as core current limiting element, so that current limliting initial time current limiter both ends are not subject to big voltage, with the rotation of two current limliting branches, two current limliting branch capacitance voltages are relatively close to, guarantee that the full-controlled switch of current limliting branch bears lesser voltage, this current limiter can be mounted between DC line both ends or converter station and DC bus, after failure or disturbance occur, the speed that can be improved Fault Isolation avoids the unnecessary locking of converter station.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to direct current transportation and DC grid fields, and in particular to a kind of capacitance-resistance type suitable for DC grid is mixed
Box-like current limiter.
Background technique
The mode of long distance power transmission experienced from direct current to exchange, then to the situation that today, AC and DC transmission coexisted.With
Device for high-power power electronic research and development, the progress of manufacturing technology, the flexible DC transmission technology based on voltage source converter,
The following great potential is used for grid-connected extensive renewable energy and transmission, the asynchronous interconnection of region bulk power grid, building smart grid etc.
Field, many bottlenecks that current AC and DC transmission technology can be made to face make a breakthrough.
DC grid has many advantages, such as, it has also become the important directions of the following power network development, but it is " low due to DC grid
Inertia, Low ESR " feature, after generation dc-side short-circuit fault, especially bipolar failure, capacity cell is stored up in MMC inverter
Deposit energy can quick release, flow to fault point, cause in fault current rapid increase and two or three milliseconds amplitude to be up to specified
Even tens times of more than ten times of electric current, enormous impact and danger will be brought to the various important power electronic equipments in DC grid
Evil, especially MMC converter valve, it is expensive, general only twice of current margins, if MMC bridge arm current rises to twice
When, DC Line Fault is also not isolated from, and MMC has to enter into blocking at this time, this will seriously threaten the stable operation of DC grid, very
It is possible that fault coverage is expanded, the accident of more large-area power-cuts is caused.
In existing Fault Isolation mode, dc circuit breaker needs time enough to cut off limited fault current.
Country's dc circuit breaker development status has at present: the 200kV high voltage DC breaker of national grid independent research manufacture is in Zhejiang
It puts into operation in five end flexible DC transmission engineering of Zhoushan, the fault current of up to 15kA can be disconnected in 3ms；The auspicious relay protection in south is independently ground
First of the world of system 500kV high voltage DC breaker is witnessed by KEMA and is tested, and all technical is reached the international leading level,
Breaking current is 25kA, and switch off time is about 3ms.
In a practical situation and in view of the development scale of DC grid, fault current is often very big, because of current skill
The ability of the limitation of art and cost problem, dc circuit breaker drop-out current is very limited, and switch off time is also restrained, generally recognizes
It is 1ms the time required to being accurately detected failure for protection detection device, dc circuit breaker turn-off time is 3ms, so according to
Time required for isolated fault at present, converter station bridge arm current are likely to just rise to the two of rated value before Fault Isolation
Times or more, cause converter station to start latch-up protection.Accordingly, it is desirable to provide one kind can be after failure occurs or disturbs in millisecond
The delay time of the current limiter of grade investment, as far as possible shortening current limiter investment will not be closed with the MMC converter station for guaranteeing DC grid
Lock, and the amplitude of fault current is reduced to guarantee that its value is no more than dc circuit breaker connecting-disconnecting function, and is reduced in current limiter
The full-controlled switch in portion bears voltage, electric current to guarantee economy.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of capacitance-resistance type mixing suitable for DC grid
Formula current limiter, the occluder configurations are simple, at low cost, can effectively limit DC grid fault current, overcome current height
Press dc circuit breaker Breaking capacity insufficient, situations such as Fault Isolation time is longer, while also can be avoided fault current it is quick on
Rise the problem for leading to that converter station is latched and DC grid equipment is impaired.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of capacitance-resistance type blended learning suitable for DC grid, including three parallel branches, wherein have two it is complete
Complete the same current limliting branch I and current limliting branch II；An other branch is positive normal open stream branch III；The current limliting branch I and limit
Stream branch II is in series with full-controlled switch and core current limiting element, and normal through-flow branch III is in series with full-controlled switch and supper-fast
Mechanical switch, and arrester is parallel at full-controlled switch both ends.
Further, the core current limiting element is resistor coupled in parallel pressure limiting capacitor.
Further, the current limliting branch I and current limliting branch II are in series with two string full-controlled switch and a core respectively
Current limiting element, core current limiting element are connected between two full-controlled switch, and the two strings full-controlled switch differential concatenation makes to limit
Flowing device has bidirectional current limiting ability, and full-controlled switch contains anti-paralleled diode, to guarantee that electric current can two-way circulate.
Further, normal through-flow III differential concatenation of branch has two string full-controlled switch, and full-controlled switch contains
There is anti-paralleled diode, the supper-fast mechanical switch of this branch is connected with full-controlled switch.
Further, every string full-controlled switch both ends of the normal through-flow branch III MOV arrester in parallel, to prevent
Current limiter bears overvoltage and damages.
Further, the capacitance-resistance type blended learning be mounted on DC line both ends or converter station and DC bus it
Between.The limit being serially accessed to the circuit when can thus reduce normal operation between the current-limiting reactor and converter station and DC bus at both ends
Flow reactor, improve DC grid control system dynamic characteristic, while also guarantee failure when be not in excessive electric current.
Further, the specific work process of the capacitance-resistance type blended learning are as follows: detecting overcurrent or doubting
After failure, according to the direction of fault current, the full-control type of II respective direction of alternate conduction current limliting branch I and current limliting branch is opened
It closes, after current limliting branch I, II alternate conduction of current limliting branch, first closes the full-controlled switch of normal through-flow branch III, immediately
Supper-fast mechanical switch is disconnected, electric current is transferred to current limliting branch；It, will not be in current limliting branch when electric current is transferred to current limliting branch moment
Road both ends generate big voltage immediately, so current limitation effect will not play maximum immediately, this is because having capacitor and resistance simultaneously
Connection so that voltage will not be mutated is risen with certain rate, essence be after current limliting initial stage capacitor is in parallel with a resistor etc.
Value impedance magnitude can be far smaller than resistance, so that electric current will not be decreased obviously immediately；Two current limliting branch alternate conductions, electricity
The rotation in two current limliting branches is flowed, to the charging of capacitor also by rotation, rotation makes full-controlled switch both ends in current limliting branch
Potential difference very little is not subject to big voltage；When determining suspected malfunctions to disturb, normal through-flow branch is first closed according to current direction
The corresponding full-controlled switch in road III, then close supper-fast mechanical switch；After normally through-flow branch is fully on, immediately by two
The full-controlled switch of current limliting branch is closed, and current limiter exits limited current state, and direct current system can fast quick-recovery；It is former when being determined as
When barrier, alternate conduction current limliting branch I and current limliting branch II make again after waiting dc circuit breaker movement or other cut-off flows to come into force
Current limiter exits limited current state.
The current limiter has the ability of bidirectional current limiting, using resistor coupled in parallel capacitor as core current limiting element, so that limit
Stream initial time current limiter both ends are not subject to big voltage, with the high frequency rotation of two current limliting branches, two current limliting branch electricity
Hold voltage to be relatively close to, guarantees that the full-controlled switch receiving voltage of current limliting branch is very small, this current limiter can be mounted on direct current
Between route both ends or converter station and DC bus, after failure or disturbance occur, current limliting is quickly put into, increases fault loop resistance
Buddhist nun, reduces fault current, and cooperation dc circuit breaker realizes DC grid defencive function, improves the speed of Fault Isolation, avoid making
At the unnecessary locking of converter station.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1, the capacitance-resistance type blended learning provided by the invention suitable for DC grid is utilized when system operates normally
Normal through-flow branch bypasses current limliting branch, and normal through-flow branch contains only a small amount of full-controlled switch and supper-fast machinery is opened
It closes, it is lower that on-state loss is operated normally compared with all solid state current limiter；In addition, using the full-controlled switch change of current, failure or disturbance
Current limiter can quickly be put into millisecond afterwards, avoid that line protective devices start and dc circuit breaker actuation time longer causes
The case where converter blocking；It can be applied to conventional high-tension direct current transportation, LCC-VSC Hybrid HVDC, flexible direct current power grid
Etc. engineerings, can be installed between DC line both ends and converter station and DC bus.
2, the capacitance-resistance type blended learning provided by the invention suitable for DC grid, is connected in parallel on current-limiting resistance for capacitor
On, it will not rise immediately in the initial stage current limiter both end voltage of limited current state very high；Using capacitor parallel resistance as current limliting
Core element simultaneously cooperates two current limliting branches to be switched fast, so that the full-controlled switch of current limliting branch can only be held during current limliting
It (is adjusted by parameter, 1/10th of rated direct voltage can be dropped to) by very small voltage；The current limiter has fastly
Speed exits the ability of current limliting,, can after direct current system restores stable state after determining that disturbance or temporary fault occur for direct current system
To be bypassed current limliting branch using normal through-flow branch, without just exiting limited current state after equal trippings dc circuit breaker；Installation is originally
After inventing the current limiter, it can suitably reduce the current-limiting reactor between DC line both ends and converter station and DC bus,
Improve the dynamic characteristic of DC control system；The damping for increasing fault loop using resistive elements current limliting, can absorb failure
Loop power, cooperates existing mixed type dc circuit breaker, Breaking capacity needed for can reduce dc circuit breaker, improve failure every
From speed.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the topological structure of the capacitance-resistance type blended learning provided in an embodiment of the present invention suitable for DC grid
Figure.
Fig. 2 is that the embodiment of the present invention utilizes this current limiter that mixed type dc circuit breaker is cooperated to be applied to flexible direct current power grid
Schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is current path III of the current limiter in normal condition, by taking direction is N1 to N2 as an example in the embodiment of the present invention
Schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is current limiter in the embodiment of the present invention in limited current state, the current path I by taking direction is N1 to N2 as an example
Schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is current path II of the current limiter in limited current state, by taking direction is N1 to N2 as an example in the embodiment of the present invention
Schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is the protection act flow chart that current limiter cooperates dc circuit breaker in DC grid in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, but embodiments of the present invention are unlimited
In this.
Embodiment:
Present embodiments provide a kind of capacitance-resistance type blended learning suitable for DC grid, topology diagram such as Fig. 1
It is shown, including three parallel branches, wherein having two duplicate current limliting branches I and current limliting branch II；An other branch
Be positive normal open stream branch III；The current limliting branch I and current limliting branch II are in series with two string full-controlled switch and core current limliting respectively
Element, core current limiting element are connected between two string full-controlled switch, and the two strings full-controlled switch differential concatenation makes current limiter
With bidirectional current limiting ability, and full-controlled switch contains anti-paralleled diode, to guarantee that electric current can two-way circulate；It is described just
III differential concatenation of normal open stream branch has two string full-controlled switch, and full-controlled switch contains anti-paralleled diode, supper-fast machine
Tool switch is connected with full-controlled switch；Wherein, the core current limiting element is resistor coupled in parallel pressure limiting capacitor.In addition, it is described just
The full-controlled switch both ends of normal open stream branch III MOV arrester in parallel, is damaged with preventing current limiter from bearing overvoltage.
Wherein, all full-controlled switch be all made of IGBT pipe, current limliting branch I, current limliting branch II IGBT code name be respectively
The IGBT code name of T121, T122, T211, T212, normal through-flow branch III are respectively T12, T21；There are also uncontrollable for other switches
Diode, the diode code name of current limliting branch are respectively D121, D122, D211, D212, the diode generation of normal through-flow branch III
It number is respectively D12, D21, there are also supper-fast mechanical switch S.
Specifically, also known from Fig. 1, resistance code name is respectively R1, R2 in current limliting branch, capacitor code name be respectively C1,
C2, resistor coupled in parallel capacitor constitute core current limiting element；In bidirectional current transfer switch T12, T21 of normal through-flow branch,
The both ends D12, D21 MOV arrester in parallel, prevents the current limiter from bearing overvoltage and damaging.
After disturbing occurs in system or failure occurs, after DC current rises to current limiter movement setting valve, according to reality
Sense of current triggers the full-controlled switch conducting of respective direction in current limliting branch, and current limliting branch I, current limliting branch II are corresponding
The full-controlled switch in direction answers alternate conduction；After current limliting branch alternate conduction, normal through-flow III full-control type of branch is closed immediately
The trigger signal of switch, so that the electric current of normal through-flow branch is completely transferred to current limliting branch, immediately tripping is normally through-flow
The supper-fast mechanical switch of branch guarantees that normal through-flow branch full-controlled switch is not subject to excessive voltage during current limliting,
Subsequent electric current rotation in two current limliting branches, current limiter enter limited current state；
After current limiter enters limited current state, after electric current enters the arbitrary port of current limiter, as electric current is in two current limliting branch
Rotation between road, electric current should be full-controlled switch → core of conducting by the path of a wherein current limliting branch at any time
Heart current limiting element (resistor coupled in parallel capacitor) → shutdown anti-paralleled diode that control switchs entirely, electric current flow out the current limiter other end
Mouthful；
The purpose of the resistor coupled in parallel capacitor of current limliting branch is: limitation electric current flows through the voltage of current-limiting resistance both ends generation,
Its essence is to reduce the equivalent impedance modulus value of current limliting initial time current limliting core element, with capacitor charging, current limliting core element
Equivalent impedance modulus value can rapid increase, line current can also decline therewith；
Electric current purpose of rotation between two current limliting branches is: avoiding single capacitor charging too fast, current limiter both ends
Voltage rapid increase beyond the pressure-resistant gap ability to bear that supper-fast mechanical switch pulls open, while being utilized close to identical conducting
Duty ratio can guarantee that the full-controlled switch of current limliting branch is solely subjected to lower voltage, and the rotation of electric current also ensures capacitor to limit
Leakage resistance has of short duration discharge process；
A kind of resistor-type solid-state current limiter suitable for DC grid described in the present embodiment, can be doubtful in direct current system
It is quickly put into when failure or disturbance, then if it is determined that disturbance or temporary fault, can will quickly limit after system recovery is steady
Flow the current limliting branch I of device, branch II bypasses；
It further, is according to actual electric current by the step of current limiter current limliting branch bypass after system restores steady
The full-controlled switch of the normal through-flow branch respective direction of direction triggering and conducting current limiter, is closed at supper-fast mechanical switch, with
The trigger pulse for closing two all full-controlled switch of current limliting branch afterwards, that is, exit limited current state；
Specifically, the bidirectionally conductive of this current limiter and bidirectional current limiting process are completely the same, and can pass through current direction
Detection, starts the current-limiting operation of different directions, so be only illustrated to a direction, such as electric current is from the port N1 of current limiter
It flows into, is flowed out from the port N2；
Current limiter is in normal condition: when current direction is the inflow of the port N1, the port N2 is flowed out, two current limlitings in current limiter
All IGBT switch T121, T122, T211, T212 of branch, are all held off；The T12 switch of normal through-flow branch
Lasting triggering is obtained, is tended to remain on, such as dotted line in Fig. 3 it is found that current path is N1 → T12 → D12 → supper-fast machine
Tool switch S → N2；
Current limiter is converted to limited current state: after measuring device detects overcurrent, 0.3ms can be determined as doubtful event
Barrier starts the limited current state of current limiter, first triggers current limliting branch I, the corresponding IGBT of current limliting branch II according to actual current direction
Alternate conduction is switched, here using 5000Hz rotation frequency and 50% conducting dutycycle；Current direction is the inflow of the port N1, N2
Port outflow, triggers T121, T122 alternate conduction, closes the trigger pulse of T12 immediately after, electric current is transferred to current limliting branch
Road is illustrated here since T12 closes relatively early (0.3ms after failure occurs), so T12 does not flow through very big electric current, no
A large amount of IGBT in parallel is needed, while in order to guarantee that T12 is not subject to excessive voltage during current limliting, needing tripping immediately
Supper-fast mechanical switch S；
Electric current from normal through-flow branch III be transferred to current limliting branch I current intelligence as shown in figure 4, current path be N1 →
T121 → core current limiting element (R1 parallel connection C1) → D121 → N2 illustrates that electric current is transferred to the initial stage of current limliting branch,
Due to the presence of capacitor, the full-controlled switch of current limliting branch will not be immediately subjected to big voltage, this is because current limliting initial stage capacitor is simultaneously
The equivalent impedance modulus value specific resistance resistance value for joining resistance is much smaller；
As the rotation of current limliting branch is connected, electric current is transferred to current intelligence such as Fig. 5 of current limliting branch II from current limliting branch I
Shown, current path is N1 → T122 → core current limiting element (R2 parallel connection C2) → D122 → N2；
As the capacitor in current limliting core element constantly charges, the electric current that capacity cell passes through can be smaller and smaller, current limliting core
The equivalent impedance modulus value of heart element can be increasing, and current limiting capacity can also rise, and the fault current rate of climb slows down, or even goes out
It now drops, the voltage at current limiter both ends can be close to route voltage rating at this time；Here it to illustrate, although current limiter both ends
Voltage is higher, but switch due to the high frequency of two current limliting branches so that, all IGBT in current limiter in current limliting branch I, II
The voltage that switch is born is far smaller than route voltage rating (adjusting parameter can be less than 1/10th), so it is big not need series connection
The IGBT of amount；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram for being applied to flexible direct current power grid using this current limiter cooperation mixed type dc circuit breaker, works as limit
After stream mode continues 1-2ms, if fault verification is permanent fault by protective relaying device, will signal tripping direct current immediately
Breaker；Due to using this current limiter, route does not need to fill very big inductance, and current limliting process increases fault loop resistance
Buddhist nun can reduce dc circuit breaker Breaking capacity actually required, promote the speed of Fault Isolation；
Fig. 6 is the protection act flow chart that current limiter cooperates dc circuit breaker in DC grid in the present embodiment, works as limit
After stream mode continues 1-2ms, if fault verification is temporary fault or disturbance by protective relaying device, signal at this moment will not be sent
Tripping dc circuit breaker, but after system be restored to it is relatively stable after, signaling to current limiter makes it exit limited current state, this limit
Stream device can exit limited current state in the time of Millisecond, so that system quickly recovers to normal operating condition.
The above, only the invention patent preferred embodiment, but the scope of protection of the patent of the present invention is not limited to
This, anyone skilled in the art is in the range disclosed in the invention patent, according to the present invention the skill of patent
Art scheme and its patent of invention design are subject to equivalent substitution or change, belong to the scope of protection of the patent of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of capacitance-resistance type blended learning suitable for DC grid, it is characterised in that: the capacitance-resistance type mixing type current-limiting
Device includes three parallel branches, wherein having two duplicate current limliting branches I and current limliting branch II；An other branch is positive
Normal open stream branch III；The current limliting branch I and current limliting branch II are in series with full-controlled switch and core current limiting element, normal through-flow
Branch III is in series with full-controlled switch and supper-fast mechanical switch, and is parallel with arrester at full-controlled switch both ends.
2. a kind of capacitance-resistance type blended learning suitable for DC grid according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating core current limiting element is resistor coupled in parallel pressure limiting capacitor.
3. a kind of capacitance-resistance type blended learning suitable for DC grid according to claim 1 or 2, feature exist
In: the current limliting branch I and current limliting branch II are in series with two string full-controlled switch and a core current limiting element, core limit respectively
Fluid element is connected between two full-controlled switch, and the two strings full-controlled switch differential concatenation makes current limiter have two-way limit
Stream ability, and full-controlled switch contains anti-paralleled diode, to guarantee that electric current can two-way circulate.
4. a kind of capacitance-resistance type blended learning suitable for DC grid according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating normal through-flow III differential concatenation of branch has two string full-controlled switch, and full-controlled switch contains anti-paralleled diode, this branch
The supper-fast mechanical switch on road is connected with full-controlled switch.
5. a kind of capacitance-resistance type blended learning suitable for DC grid according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: institute
The full-controlled switch both ends parallel connection of normal through-flow branch III MOV arrester is stated, is damaged with preventing current limiter from bearing overvoltage.
6. a kind of capacitance-resistance type blended learning suitable for DC grid according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
Capacitance-resistance type blended learning is stated to be mounted between DC line both ends or converter station and DC bus.
7. a kind of capacitance-resistance type blended learning suitable for DC grid according to claim 4, which is characterized in that institute
State the specific work process of capacitance-resistance type blended learning are as follows: after detecting overcurrent or suspected malfunctions, according to failure electricity
The direction of stream, the full-controlled switch of II respective direction of alternate conduction current limliting branch I and current limliting branch, in current limliting branch I, current limliting branch
After II alternate conduction of road, the full-controlled switch of normal through-flow branch III is first closed, immediately disconnects supper-fast mechanical switch,
Electric current is transferred to current limliting branch；Two current limliting branch alternate conductions, electric current rotation in two current limliting branches, the charging to capacitor
Also by rotation, rotation makes full-controlled switch both ends potential difference very little in current limliting branch, is not subject to big voltage；It is doubtful when determining
When failure is disturbance, the corresponding full-controlled switch of normal through-flow branch III is first closed according to current direction, then close supper-fast machine
Tool switch；After normally through-flow branch is fully on, the full-controlled switch of two current limliting branches is closed immediately, current limiter exits
Limited current state, direct current system can fast quick-recoveries；When being determined as failure, alternate conduction current limliting branch I and current limliting branch II,
Current limiter is set to exit limited current state again after waiting dc circuit breaker movement or other cut-off flows to come into force.
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| CN201811024116.3A CN109193608A (en) | 2018-09-04 | 2018-09-04 | A kind of capacitance-resistance type blended learning suitable for DC grid |
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| CN110518545B (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2021-03-16 | 西南交通大学 | Hybrid high-voltage direct-current circuit breaker based on bidirectional current limiting module |
| CN110880745A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-03-13 | 中国南方电网有限责任公司超高压输电公司检修试验中心 | Active resistance-capacitance type direct current limiter based on double-capacitance oscillation and control method |
| CN110880745B (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2021-07-27 | 中国南方电网有限责任公司超高压输电公司检修试验中心 | Active resistance-capacitance type direct current limiter based on double-capacitance oscillation and control method |
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