CN103337271A - Atom trapping and optical latticing method for chip surface - Google Patents
Atom trapping and optical latticing method for chip surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN103337271A CN103337271A CN2013102527700A CN201310252770A CN103337271A CN 103337271 A CN103337271 A CN 103337271A CN 2013102527700 A CN2013102527700 A CN 2013102527700A CN 201310252770 A CN201310252770 A CN 201310252770A CN 103337271 A CN103337271 A CN 103337271A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an atom trapping and optical latticing method for a chip surface, and relates to the field of neutral cold atom laser trapping and optical latticing. According to the method, the side surface of a coated inverted pyramid lens with an upward coated surface is irradiated by laser, evanescent waves generated by total reflection of the side surface of the lens are excited on the surface of a metal film to generate near-field surface plasmon polaritons, and loaded neutral cold atoms are subjected to effective trapping, one-dimensional atom surface optical latticing and two-dimensional atom surface optical latticing by the near-field surface plasmon polaritons and the interference light fields of the polaritons. The method can be used for achieving chip surface tom trapping and atom surface optical latticing of different types of neutral cold atoms, and is simple in principle, convenient to operate and wide in application range.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the imprison of cold atom laser and cold atom Optical Lattices field, refer in particular to a kind of imprison of cold atom laser and cold atom Optical Lattices of chip surface near field optic, be applicable to laser imprison and the cold atom Optical Lattices of the chip surface near field optic of the neutral cold atom of any kind.
Background technology
In recent years, neutral cold atom has become one of research focus in cold atom physics and the atom optics field in the imprison of solid surface and the research of Optical Lattices, and it has very important meaning in the research of quantum information, optical lattice and atom chip.This technology is applied to gradually in the microminiaturized and integrated research of limited and control, quantum transmission and the tunnel effect of cold atom and Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) body and quantum solid-state system.Utilize light at medium and air interface the disappearance ripple that total reflection produces to take place, people such as Ovchinnikov in 1997 have realized the intensity gradient cooling of disappearance ripple gravity optics trap and the atom of Cs atom.2004, the optical surface potential well that people such as Grimm adopt the focusing Yb optical-fiber laser of the disappearance glistening light of waves field of a branch of blue off resonance and a branch of red off resonance to constitute, and realized the Full-optical 2D BEC of Cs atom by the optical potential evaporative cooling of the cooling of one dimension disappearance intensity of wave gradient and Yb optical-fiber laser.2008, people such as Wang Zhengling proposed a kind of scheme that adopts two cover disappearance wave interferences and a branch of blue off resonance disappearance glistening light of waves field to realize atom two dimension cold atom surface optics lattice, have obtained isotropic two-dimentional cold atom surface optics lattice.
Though the research of the imprison of the atom of solid surface and Optical Lattices has obtained very large achievement, but be subjected to the influence of the diffraction of light limit, traditional atom imprison and the light field characteristic dimension of Optical Lattices generally can only be limited in the dimension scope of half-wavelength magnitude, so this will bring some shortcomings to the atom imprison of solid surface and the fundamental research of atom optics lattice.The near field surface plasmons of plated film inverted pyramid type prism surface is a kind of near field optic local enhancement effect, itself and interference field thereof have the characteristic of energy of electromagnetic field local in the nanoscale spatial dimension that breaks through diffraction limit, and can form atom-solid-state coupling device system.Thinking of the present invention is to utilize the near field surface plasmons of plated film inverted pyramid type prism metallic film surface and interference optical field thereof that the neutral cold atom that is loaded into is realized effective imprison, one dimensional atom surface optics lattice and two-dimentional atomic surface Optical Lattices respectively.
Summary of the invention
The imprison of cold atom laser and the cold atom Optical Lattices that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of chip surface.Utilize a branch of, a pair of and two pairs of laser respectively from the side incident of plated film inverted pyramid type prism, produce near field surface plasmons, one dimension near field surface plasmons interference field and two-dimentional near field surface plasmons interference field respectively, realize atom imprison, one dimensional atom surface optics lattice and two-dimentional atomic surface Optical Lattices respectively.The near field surface plasmons has the characteristic of energy of electromagnetic field local in the spatial dimension that breaks through diffraction limit, and it can make the characteristic length of atom imprison, one dimensional atom surface optics lattice and two-dimentional atomic surface Optical Lattices reach nanometer scale.This method principle is simple, easy to operate, and favorable repeatability can realize having wide range of applications atom imprison, one dimensional atom surface optics lattice and the two-dimentional atomic surface Optical Lattices of various neutral cold atoms.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention, it is the face up side of the plated film inverted pyramid type prism placed of laser irradiation plated film, the disappearance ripple that total reflection causes inspires the near field surface plasmons in metallic film surface, utilizes near field surface plasmons and interference optical field thereof that the neutral cold atom that is loaded into is realized effective imprison, one dimensional atom surface optics lattice and two-dimentional atomic surface Optical Lattices respectively.
The concrete steps of the inventive method are:
(1) plated film inverted pyramid type prism plated film is faced up parallel installation is placed in the laser light path system;
(2) regulate laser light path system, adopt the side of beam of laser irradiation plated film inverted pyramid type prism respectively, and a pair of and two pairs of laser is respectively from the opposite flank incident of plated film inverted pyramid type prism, require incident angle greater than the cirtical angle of total reflection, the disappearance wavelength-division that total reflection causes does not produce near field surface plasmons, one dimension near field surface plasmons interference field and two-dimentional near field surface plasmons interference field;
(3) utilize laser doppler cooling and polarization gradient cooling means to realize neutral atom magneto-optic trap cold atom optics viscose glue;
(4) carrying out cold atom loads, cold atom in the magneto-optic trap cold atom optics viscose glue is loaded near field surface plasmons, one dimension near field surface plasmons interference field and the two-dimentional near field surface plasmons interference field of plated film inverted pyramid type prism, realizes atom imprison, one dimensional atom surface optics lattice and two-dimentional atomic surface Optical Lattices respectively;
(5) utilize the Near resonance oscillating atom of atom probe to absorb the situations such as number, density and atom distributed dimension that imaging technique is measured plated film inverted pyramid type prism surface atom.
The inverted pyramid of plated film described in the present invention type prism, make by following method: adopt manufacturing procedures such as corase grind, correct grinding, polishing that glass material (as selecting fused quartz for use) is processed into inverted pyramid type prism, adopt magnetically controlled sputter method to plate one deck noble metal (as selecting silver for use) film in inverted pyramid type prism bottom surface again, be made into plated film inverted pyramid type prism.
Light path system is made up of laser instrument, chopper, the polarizer, condenser lens, extender lens, beam splitter, catoptron etc. among the present invention.Laser beam that laser instrument sends is earlier through chopper and the polarizer, focused on by condenser lens and extender lens expands again, and forms a parallel beam, utilizes beam splitter and catoptron can change beam direction and produces a plurality of light beams as required.
Utilize method that four utmost point magnetic wells and optics viscose glue combine to realize laser doppler cooling and the cooling of polarization gradient of neutral atom in the step (3), form magneto-optic trap cold atom optics viscose glue, the atom temperature is about 20 crack at this moment.
Cold atom loading in the step (4) is by the laser intensity of regulating magneto-optic trap cold atom optics viscose glue atom to be loaded under the gravity effect.
This method combines near field optic, surface plasmons technology and atom imprison technology, can obtain to break through atom imprison, one dimensional atom surface optics lattice and the two-dimentional atomic surface Optical Lattices of the chip surface of diffraction limit.This method can be the microminiaturization of the outstanding coherence of atom and solid-state device, integratedly ideally combine, and can be used for the development of further microminiaturized and integrated quantum atom chip.
Description of drawings
Concrete structured flowchart and the description of drawings of implementing of the present invention is as follows:
Atom imprison and the Optical Lattices device synoptic diagram of Fig. 1 chip surface.
Fig. 2 light-source system synoptic diagram.
Among the figure: 1. light-source system 2. beam splitters 3. catoptrons 4. plated film inverted pyramid type prisms 5. magneto-optic trap cold atom optics viscose glues 6. atom probes 7. laser instruments, 8. chopper, the 9. polarizer, 10. condenser lens, 11. extender lenses.
Embodiment
Be example with neutral rubidium 87 atoms, but be not limited thereto.
(1) adopt Finite Difference-Time Domain separating method (FDTD) to determine to realize among Fig. 1 that atom is imprisoned and the structural parameters of the plated film inverted pyramid type prism 4 of surface optics lattice.
(2) adopt manufacturing procedures such as corase grind, correct grinding, polishing that glass material (as selecting fused quartz for use) is processed into inverted pyramid type prism, adopt magnetically controlled sputter method to plate one deck noble metal (as selecting silver for use) film in inverted pyramid type prism bottom surface again, process the plated film inverted pyramid type prism 4 among Fig. 1.
(3) utilize support that the plated film inverted pyramid type prism 4 among Fig. 1 is placed in the laser light path system, install and fix and put in place, require the plated film parallel placement that faces up.
(4) light-source system 1 is made up of the laser instrument 7 among Fig. 2, chopper 8, the polarizer 9, condenser lens 10, extender lens 11 among Fig. 1.Regulate light-source system 1, output continuous laser, rubidium 87 atom D relatively
2Transition is blue off resonance.The laser that laser instrument 7 among Fig. 2 sends is through chopper 8 and the polarizer 9, produce a branch of directional light by condenser lens 10 and extender lens 11 again, as required, this directional light forms a pair of or two pairs of laser beam by beam splitter 2 and catoptron 3, side incident from plated film inverted pyramid type prism, require incident angle greater than the cirtical angle of total reflection, the disappearance wavelength-division that total reflection causes can not produce near field surface plasmons, one dimension near field surface plasmons interference field and two-dimentional near field surface plasmons interference field.
(5) utilize a pair of anti-Helmholtz coils that passes to inverse current to produce one or four utmost point magnetic wells, three to (six bundle) the optics viscose glue light beam of the left and right rounding polarized light of transmission is vertical and intersect at the centre of a magnetic well each other in opposite directions, constitute a magneto-optic trap (MOT), under the effect of Doppler's cooling mechanism and polarization gradient cooling mechanism, formed magneto-optic trap rubidium 87 cold atom optics viscose glues 5, temperature about 20 is crack.
(6) by regulating the laser intensity in the magneto-optic trap optics viscose glue 5, make rubidium 87 atoms under the gravity effect, from magneto-optic trap cold atom optics viscose glue 5, be loaded into plated film inverted pyramid type prism surface near field surface plasmons, one dimension near field surface plasmons interference field and two-dimentional near field surface plasmons interference field that step 4 forms, realize atom imprison, one dimensional atom surface optics lattice and two-dimentional atomic surface Optical Lattices.
(7) utilize the Near resonance oscillating atom to absorb imaging technique, namely atom probe 6 is measured plated film inverted pyramid type prism surface cold atom situation.
Claims (6)
1. the atom of a chip surface is imprisoned and the Optical Lattices method, it is characterized in that, the face up side of the plated film inverted pyramid type prism placed of laser irradiation plated film, the disappearance ripple that total reflection causes inspires the near field surface plasmons in metallic film surface, utilizes near field surface plasmons and interference optical field thereof that the neutral cold atom that is loaded into is realized effective imprison, one dimensional atom surface optics lattice and two-dimentional atomic surface Optical Lattices respectively.
2. the atom of chip surface according to claim 1 is imprisoned and the Optical Lattices method, it is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1) plated film inverted pyramid type prism apparatus is installed is placed in the laser light path system, require the plated film parallel placement that faces up;
(2) regulate laser light path system, adopt the side of beam of laser irradiation plated film inverted pyramid type prism respectively, and a pair of and two pairs of laser produce near field surface plasmons, one dimension near field surface plasmons interference field and two-dimentional near field surface plasmons interference field respectively respectively from the opposite flank incident of plated film inverted pyramid type prism;
(3) utilize laser doppler cooling and polarization gradient cooling means to realize neutral atom magneto-optic trap cold atom optics viscose glue;
(4) cold atom in the magneto-optic trap cold atom optics viscose glue is loaded near field surface plasmons, one dimension near field surface plasmons interference field and the two-dimentional near field surface plasmons interference field of plated film inverted pyramid type prism, realizes atom imprison, one dimensional atom surface optics lattice and two-dimentional atomic surface Optical Lattices respectively;
(5) utilize the Near resonance oscillating of atom probe to absorb number, density and the atom distributed dimension situation that imaging technique is measured plated film inverted pyramid type prism surface atom.
3. the atom of chip surface according to claim 2 is imprisoned and the Optical Lattices method, it is characterized in that described plated film inverted pyramid type prism makes by following method: at first adopt manufacturing procedures such as corase grind, correct grinding, polishing that glass material is processed into inverted pyramid type prism, adopt magnetically controlled sputter method to plate one deck noble metal film in inverted pyramid type prism bottom surface again.
4. the atom of chip surface according to claim 2 imprison and Optical Lattices method is characterized in that light path system is made up of laser instrument, chopper, the polarizer, condenser lens, extender lens, beam splitter, catoptron; Laser beam that laser instrument sends is earlier through chopper and the polarizer, focused on by condenser lens and extender lens expands again, and forms a parallel beam, utilizes beam splitter and catoptron can change beam direction and produces a plurality of light beams as required.
5. the atom of chip surface according to claim 2 is imprisoned and the Optical Lattices method, it is characterized in that magneto-optic trap cold atom optics viscose glue makes by following method: the method for utilizing four utmost point magnetic wells and optics viscose glue to combine realizes laser doppler cooling and the cooling of polarization gradient of neutral atom, form magneto-optic trap cold atom optics viscose glue, this moment, the atom temperature was about 20 crack.
6. the atom of chip surface according to claim 2 is imprisoned and the Optical Lattices method, the loading that it is characterized in that cold atom is by the laser intensity of regulating magneto-optic trap cold atom optics viscose glue atom to be loaded near field surface plasmons, one dimension near field surface plasmons interference field and the two-dimentional near field surface plasmons interference field under the gravity effect respectively, realizes atom imprison, one dimensional atom surface optics lattice and two-dimentional atomic surface Optical Lattices respectively.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103763847A (en) * | 2014-01-14 | 2014-04-30 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Integrating sphere magnetism-insensitive imprisoning system |
| CN103985427A (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2014-08-13 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Double pulse standing wave coherent beam splitting system used for 87Rb cold atoms |
| CN105469848A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-04-06 | 安徽师范大学 | System and method of constructing atom cooling-used two-dimensional nano local light field |
| CN108227028A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-29 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Atomic interference gravity acceleration measuring device based on pyramid-like structure |
| CN111897024A (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2020-11-06 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | Cold atom gravimeter and detection method |
| CN112068229A (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2020-12-11 | 中国空间技术研究院 | Structure for realizing atom trapping based on surface plasmon |
-
2013
- 2013-06-21 CN CN201310252770.0A patent/CN103337271B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (4)
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| CHRISTIAN STEHLE, HELMAR BENDER ET AL.: "Plasmonically tailored micropotentials for ultracold atoms", 《NATURE PHOTONICS》 * |
| ENDER, H; COURTEILLE, P; ZIMMERMANN, C; SLAMA: "Towards surface quantum optics with Bose–Einstein condensates in evanescent waves", 《APPLIED PHYSICS. SECTION B: LASERS AND OPTICS》 * |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103763847A (en) * | 2014-01-14 | 2014-04-30 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Integrating sphere magnetism-insensitive imprisoning system |
| CN103763847B (en) * | 2014-01-14 | 2016-03-09 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | The unwise imprison system of integrating sphere magnetic |
| CN103985427A (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2014-08-13 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Double pulse standing wave coherent beam splitting system used for 87Rb cold atoms |
| CN103985427B (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2016-08-24 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | For87the dipulse standing wave of Rb cold atom is concerned with divided beam system |
| CN105469848A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-04-06 | 安徽师范大学 | System and method of constructing atom cooling-used two-dimensional nano local light field |
| CN108227028A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-29 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Atomic interference gravity acceleration measuring device based on pyramid-like structure |
| CN108227028B (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2020-01-14 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Atomic interference gravity acceleration measuring device based on pyramid-like structure |
| CN111897024A (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2020-11-06 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | Cold atom gravimeter and detection method |
| CN112068229A (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2020-12-11 | 中国空间技术研究院 | Structure for realizing atom trapping based on surface plasmon |
| CN112068229B (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2022-03-04 | 中国空间技术研究院 | Structure for realizing atom trapping based on surface plasmon |
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