CN103328586A - 用于橡胶加工的改进炭黑 - Google Patents

用于橡胶加工的改进炭黑 Download PDF

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CN103328586A
CN103328586A CN2011800598791A CN201180059879A CN103328586A CN 103328586 A CN103328586 A CN 103328586A CN 2011800598791 A CN2011800598791 A CN 2011800598791A CN 201180059879 A CN201180059879 A CN 201180059879A CN 103328586 A CN103328586 A CN 103328586A
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carbon black
oil
rubber
improvement
treated
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兰詹·戈沙尔
米纳·舒克拉
苏尼尔·库马尔·纳拉亚南
布兰德哈·莫汗多什
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Aditya Birla Nuvo Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
    • C08K9/04—Ingredients treated with organic substances
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
    • C08K9/08—Ingredients agglomerated by treatment with a binding agent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/02—Elements
    • C08K3/04—Carbon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L21/00—Compositions of unspecified rubbers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L91/00—Compositions of oils, fats or waxes; Compositions of derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
    • C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
    • C09C1/44—Carbon
    • C09C1/48—Carbon black
    • C09C1/56—Treatment of carbon black ; Purification
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
    • C09C3/00—Treatment in general of inorganic materials, other than fibrous fillers, to enhance their pigmenting or filling properties
    • C09C3/006—Combinations of treatments provided for in groups C09C3/04 - C09C3/12
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
    • C09C3/00—Treatment in general of inorganic materials, other than fibrous fillers, to enhance their pigmenting or filling properties
    • C09C3/08—Treatment with low-molecular-weight non-polymer organic compounds

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于橡胶加工的改进炭黑，所述改进炭黑包含炭黑以及天然存在的油。

Description

用于橡胶加工的改进炭黑
发明领域
本发明涉及一种用于橡胶加工的改进炭黑。
发明背景
炭黑是在橡胶和其它聚合物中作为性能增强填料使用的一种材料。炭黑的补强作用取决于炭黑和聚合物基质之间的物理相互作用。炭黑所提供的性能增强在很大程度上取决于用来制备炭黑、聚合物以及其它添加剂的混合物的方法的有效性。
炭黑被添加至高剪切混合机中的聚合物、最典型为橡胶中，以便使其并入到基质中并使其成为橡胶混配物不可分割的一部分。除了炭黑之外，多种化学试剂与加工助剂被添加至聚合物中，以便减少加工所需的时间和能量。一种常用的加工助剂是一类芳烃油，所述芳烃油起着混合物或橡胶、炭黑以及其它组分的软化剂或增塑剂的作用，从而使混合装置能够有效地将混合物揉成均质的整体。混合物的均质性在确保最终产品性质例如轮胎、软管、橡胶轮廓等的一致性方面非常重要。非均质混合物可以导致产品在其最终用途应用上的失败。因此，所使用的加工油除了确保有效并高效的混合过程之外，还在最终产品的品质中起着关键作用。
然而，在橡胶加工中所使用的芳烃油典型地含有按重量计高比例(高达85%)的芳香族化合物，其中15%或更多可由多核芳香族化合物组成。已知多核芳香族化合物是有毒的并且可能致癌。因此，目前它们的使用在世界各地受到监管。轮胎是有害的多核芳香族化合物的一个主要来源—所述多核芳香族化合物从轮胎与废弃轮胎组分中渗入空气及地下水位中。橡胶制品制造商正考虑其它的选择来将含有多核芳香族化合物的加工油的使用降到最低。
目前橡胶加工机所使用的芳烃加工油的替代品是来源于石油的，并且因此由不可再生资源组成。
此外，由于需要将加工油添加至橡胶混配物中，这就迫使橡胶加工机械携带油存量、具有将其添加至混配物中的过程、以及将所述油均匀地与橡胶混配物混合。
另外，存在全球性推动力，以在所有工业制成品中使用更大比例的可再生材料，即，将不可再生资源如石油及石油衍生产品的使用降到最低。
发明目的
因此，本发明的一个目的是提出用于橡胶加工的改进炭黑，其可以免除橡胶制品的制造中橡胶加工油的使用。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种改进炭黑，其赋予橡胶成品同等的或更佳的性能，甚至无需在橡胶混配物中添加任何加工油。
本发明的再进一步的目的是增加橡胶混配物的可再生含量，即，来自可再生资源的橡胶混配物的比例。
本发明的又一个目的是使用炭黑作为在化学上适用于橡胶混配物加工的载剂。
虽然这些目的中的一些可以通过将可再生加工试剂直接添加至橡胶混配物中得到满足，但是更巧妙的替代方案是提供并入到炭黑中的添加剂，其与橡胶混合很好并且因此理所当然地以最少的工作量使添加剂与橡胶很好地混和。
在阅读了随后的描述后，本发明的这些方面和其它方面将显而易见。
发明简述
根据本发明，提供了一种用于橡胶加工的改进炭黑。
按照本发明，用源于可再生资源的物质(“处理剂”)处理炭黑以改进其性质，以使得无需在橡胶混配物混合过程中使用橡胶加工油。因此，本发明的经过处理的炭黑免除了含有有害的多核芳香族化合物的橡胶加工油、或源于不可再生资源如石油的橡胶加工油的使用。
所述处理剂可以由赋予橡胶、炭黑、以及其它化学试剂的混合物所需性质的任何物质组成。处理剂优选地可为植物来源并且可为任何形式，如油、纤维等，并且可增强炭黑的性质。在一个优选的实施方案中，将炭黑用天然存在的油处理，得到性质与混有标准橡胶加工油的参考橡胶混配物相比类似或得到改进的混合橡胶混配物。所使用的油可为可食用的或不可食用的植物油，如米糠油(水稻(Oryza sativa.))、印度楝树油(印楝((Azadirachta indica))、卡兰贾油(水黄皮(Milletia pinnata))、棕榈油、紫荆木油(长叶紫荆木(Madhucalongifolia))、橡胶籽油、或其它常用的油。进一步优选使用亚油酸和油酸含量高的油，因为认为它们可改进最终橡胶混合物的特性。处理剂可按炭黑的1重量%至50重量%的量进行添加。
实施例1
将10ml的米糠油与100ml的丙酮混合，再与100gm的N220炭黑充分混合。将经过处理的炭黑在烘箱中在70℃下进行干燥。接着将经过处理的、干燥的炭黑在辊磨机中通过标准配方与加工技术混合至橡胶混配物中，而同时省去添加任何加工油，并且对所得产品的性质进行测试。
为进行比较，使用以下物质制备了另外两批橡胶混配物：1)常规炭黑与芳烃加工油以及2)常规炭黑且不加加工油。所有三种橡胶混配物还在70℃下进行72小时的老化并再次进行测试以确定在老化时性质的损失。
使用优选实施方案(即，使用经过处理的炭黑但不加芳烃加工油)获得的橡胶混配物的性质显示出与使用常规炭黑与芳烃加工油获得的橡胶混配物相比类似或更佳的性质。相比之下，用常规的(未处理的)炭黑且不加加工油制备的橡胶混配物的性质遭受了明显的损失。另外，使用了本发明炭黑的橡胶混配物的性质在老化时性质不易劣化。所述比较在表1中示出。
表1：使用未处理的炭黑与使用本发明的经过处理的炭黑获得的橡胶混配物性质的比较
Figure BDA00003339188700041
实施例2
将10ml的米糠油与100ml的丙酮混合，再与100gm的N220炭黑充分混合。将经过处理的炭黑在烘箱中在70℃下进行干燥。接着将经过处理的、干燥的炭黑在辊磨机中通过标准配方与加工技术混合至橡胶混配物中，而同时省去添加任何加工油，并且对所得产品的性质进行测试。为进行比较，遵循相同程序使用常规的N220炭黑制备混配物，并且使用加工油来制备橡胶混配物。
两种橡胶混配物的性质在表2中进行比较。第1行示出了两种混配物的门尼粘度(Mooney Viscosity)(橡胶加工中的重要参数)。第2行与第3行示出了损耗角正切值(Tan Delta)以及生热值(Heat Buildup)，其为橡胶混配物在各种应用中，其使用期间能量损失的指标。在第4行、第5行以及第6行中，所示出的两种橡胶混配物的其它重要性质基本保持不变。总之，表2示出使用了本发明的炭黑但不加加工油的混配物的性质与使用常规炭黑与加工油制备的混配物的性质基本相同。这最终显示可以使用本发明的炭黑作为与加工油一同使用的常规炭黑的替代品。
表2：使用未处理的炭黑与使用本发明的经过处理的炭黑获得的橡胶混配物性质的比较
Figure BDA00003339188700051

Claims (5)

1.一种用于橡胶加工的改进炭黑，所述改进炭黑包含炭黑以及天然存在的油。
2.如权利要求1所述的改进炭黑，其中所述天然存在的油选自可食用的植物油与不可食用的植物油。
3.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的改进炭黑，其中所述天然存在的油是选自如米糠油(水稻(Oryza sativa.))、印度楝树油(印楝(Azadirachta indica))、卡兰贾油(水黄皮(Milletia pinnata))、棕榈油、紫荆木油（长叶紫荆木(Madhucalongifolia)）、橡胶籽油的油。
4.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的改进炭黑，其中所述油是以所述炭黑的1重量%至50重量%的比例进行添加。
5.一种橡胶混配组合物，所述组合物包含橡胶混配物以及如权利要求1所述的改进炭黑。
CN2011800598791A 2010-12-13 2011-12-12 用于橡胶加工的改进炭黑 Pending CN103328586A (zh)

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WO2012081034A1 (en) 2012-06-21
US20160340497A1 (en) 2016-11-24
JP2013545866A (ja) 2013-12-26
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KR20130132913A (ko) 2013-12-05
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