CN103314454A - 太阳能发电系统 - Google Patents

太阳能发电系统 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN103314454A
CN103314454A CN2011800650790A CN201180065079A CN103314454A CN 103314454 A CN103314454 A CN 103314454A CN 2011800650790 A CN2011800650790 A CN 2011800650790A CN 201180065079 A CN201180065079 A CN 201180065079A CN 103314454 A CN103314454 A CN 103314454A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
array
solar
reflecting surface
solar generator
energy reflection
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN2011800650790A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN103314454B (zh
Inventor
R·莫兰
H·查耶特
O·考斯特
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Solaero Solar Power Inc
Original Assignee
Zenith Solar Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zenith Solar Ltd filed Critical Zenith Solar Ltd
Publication of CN103314454A publication Critical patent/CN103314454A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN103314454B publication Critical patent/CN103314454B/zh
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H01L31/0547—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means comprising light concentrating means of the reflecting type, e.g. parabolic mirrors, concentrators using total internal reflection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S2023/83—Other shapes
    • F24S2023/832—Other shapes curved
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S23/80—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors having discontinuous faces
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators

Abstract

一种太阳能发电机，包括光伏发电元件的阵列，以及单个连续的平滑太阳能反射表面，所述表面被布置成将来自太阳的光反射到所述光伏发电元件的阵列上，其中，在所述阵列上每单位面积最小通量的点处的每单位面积通量约为在每单位面积最大通量的点处的每单位面积通量的75%，所述阵列的截断因子至少为70%，并且所述阵列的光学填充因子至少为60%。

Description

太阳能发电系统
相关申请的引用
参考了受让人所拥有的以下专利和专利申请，其公开内容通过引用并入本文：
美国公开专利申请No.2009/0065045；以及
于2008年9月10日提交的题为“SOLAR ELECTRICITY GENERATIONSYSTEM”的美国专利申请No.12/677,208。
技术领域
本发明涉及光伏发电。
背景技术
认为以下公开代表了本领域的现有技术：
美国专利No.4,195,913和5,153,780；
美国公开专利申请No.2009/0065045；
美国专利申请No.12/677,208；
Authier,B.和Hill,L在1980年的“High Concentration Solar Collector ofthe Stepped Spherical Type:Optical Design Characteristics”（Applied Optics,Vol19,No.20,pp.3554-3561）中讨论了使用适合于光伏发电的凹球面反射元件的聚能器；
Kurzweg,U.H.在1980年的“Characteristics of Axicon Concentrators forUse in Photovoltaic Energy Conversion”（Solar Energy,Vol.24,pp.411-412）中讨论了为光伏应用设计的聚能器；
Swanson,R.M在1988年7月的“Photovoltaic Dish Solar-ElectricGenerator”（Proceedings of the Joint Crystalline Cell Research,andConcentrating Collector Projects Review SAND88-0522,Sandia NationalLaboratories,Albuquerque,NM,pp.109-119）中讨论了与漫射器相结合的抛物柱面反射器。
发明内容
本发明寻求提供用于光伏发电的改进的系统。
因此，根据本发明的优选实施例提供了一种太阳能发电机，包括光伏发电元件的阵列，以及单个连续的平滑太阳能反射表面，所述表面被布置成将来自太阳的光反射到所述光伏发电元件的阵列上，其中，在所述阵列上每单位面积最小通量的点处的每单位面积通量约为在每单位面积最大通量的点处的每单位面积通量的75%，所述阵列的截断因子（intercept factor）至少为70%，并且所述阵列的光学填充因子至少为60%。
根据本发明的优选实施例，所述太阳能发电机还包括太阳能跟踪系统，所述太阳能跟踪系统用于使所述反射表面旋转并且定位成全天都对着太阳。优选地，所述太阳能发电机提供500-1000的太阳能辐射聚光比。另外，所述太阳能反射表面包括位于所述反射表面的中心处的顶点，并且所述反射表面被布置成大致上垂直于由所述顶点和所述阵列的中心所定义的轴。
优选地，所述阵列被布置在垂直于所述轴的平面中并且被定位成与所述太阳能反射表面相对。另外，将虚平面定义为在所述顶点处与所述轴垂直相交，并且与所述太阳能反射表面相切。
根据本发明的优选实施例，在所述反射表面与所述阵列之间存在太阳光线的唯一1:1映射。另外，所述反射表面的形状由数学函数z=f(x,y)来描述，其中，z是在虚平面上的一组坐标x,y与反射表面之间的距离，x和y分别是从坐标x,y到虚平面上的顶点的横向和纵向距离，经由以下微分方程在数学上获得f(x,y)：
∂ f ( x , y ) ∂ x = x - g ( x ) d - f ( x , y ) + ( x - g ( x ) ) 2 + ( y - h ( y ) ) 2 + ( d - f ( x , y ) ) 2
∂ f ( x , y ) ∂ y = y - h ( y ) d - f ( x , y ) + ( x - g ( x ) ) 2 + ( y - h ( y ) ) 2 + ( d - f ( x , y ) ) 2 ;
其中：
g ( x ) = R x L x x , 其中 x ∈ [ - L x 2 , L x 2 ] ;
h ( y ) = R y L y y , 其中 y ∈ [ - L y 2 , L y 2 ] ;
d是所述轴和阵列的相交点与所述顶点之间的距离；
Rx是添加了2cm裕度(margin)的阵列的横向长度；
Ry是添加了2cm裕度的阵列的纵向长度；
Lx是反射表面在虚平面上的投影横向长度；以及
Ly是反射表面在虚平面上的投影纵向长度。
根据本发明的另一优选实施例还提供了一种太阳能发电机，包括光伏发电元件的阵列，以及形成为多个连续的平滑太阳能反射表面段的太阳能反射表面，每一个表面段被布置成将来自太阳的太阳能辐射的相互重叠的通量反射到光伏发电元件的阵列上。
根据本发明的优选实施例，所述太阳能反射表面被形成为四个连续的平滑太阳能反射表面段，其中，在所述阵列上每单位面积最小通量的点处的每单位面积通量约为在每单位面积最大通量的点处的每单位面积通量的90%，所述阵列的截断因子至少为75%，并且所述阵列的光学填充因子至少为70%。
优选地，所述太阳能发电机还包括太阳能跟踪系统，所述太阳能跟踪系统用于使所述反射表面旋转并且定位成全天都对着太阳。优选地，所述太阳能发电机提供500-1000的太阳能辐射聚光比。
根据本发明的优选实施例，所述太阳能反射表面包括位于所述反射表面的中心处的顶点，并且所述反射表面被布置成大致上垂直于由所述顶点和所述阵列的中心所定义的轴。另外，所述阵列被布置在垂直于所述轴的平面中并且被定位成与所述太阳能反射表面相对。另外，虚平面被定义为在所述顶点处与所述轴垂直相交，并且与所述太阳能反射表面相切。
优选地，所述太阳能反射表面段是对称的。优选地，所述太阳能反射表面段围绕所述轴对称地布置。
根据本发明的优选实施例，在四个连续的平滑太阳能反射表面段与所述阵列之间存在太阳光线的唯一4:1映射。另外，所述反射表面的形状由数学函数z=f(x,y)来描述，其中，z是在虚平面上的一组坐标x,y与反射表面之间的距离，x和y分别是从坐标x,y到虚平面上的顶点的横向和纵向距离，经由以下微分方程在数学上获得f(x,y)：
∂ f ( x , y ) ∂ x = x - g ( x ) d - f ( x , y ) + ( x - g ( x ) ) 2 + ( y - h ( y ) ) 2 + ( d - f ( x , y ) ) 2
∂ f ( x , y ) ∂ y = y - h ( y ) d - f ( x , y ) + ( x - g ( x ) ) 2 + ( y - h ( y ) ) 2 + ( d - f ( x , y ) ) 2 ;
其中：
Figure BDA00003513612300043
Figure BDA00003513612300044
d是轴和阵列的相交点与所述顶点之间的距离；
Rx是添加了2cm裕度的阵列的横向长度；
Ry是添加了2cm裕度的阵列的纵向长度；
Lx是反射表面在虚平面上的投影横向长度；以及
Ly是反射表面在虚平面上的投影纵向长度。
根据本发明的再一优选实施例，还提供了一种太阳能发电机，包括光伏发电元件的阵列，以及形成为多个太阳能反射表面段的太阳能反射表面，所述多个太阳能反射表面段相对于所述反射表面的中心对称布置，每一个表面段被划分为多个连续的平滑太阳能反射表面子段，每一个表面子段被布置成将来自太阳的太阳能辐射的相互重叠的通量反射到光伏发电元件的阵列上。
根据本发明的优选实施例，所述太阳能反射表面形成为四个太阳能反射表面段，每一个表面段被划分为四个连续的平滑太阳能反射表面子段，其中，在所述阵列上每单位面积最小通量的点处的每单位面积通量约为在每单位面积最大通量的点处的每单位面积通量的60%，所述阵列的截断因子至少为80%，并且所述阵列的光学填充因子至少为60%。另外，在反射表面子段与所述阵列之间存在太阳光线的大致上唯一16:1映射。
根据本发明的优选实施例，所述太阳能反射表面被形成为四个太阳能反射表面段，每一个表面段被划分为81个连续的平滑太阳能反射表面子段，其中，在所述阵列上每单位面积最小通量的点处的每单位面积通量约为在每单位面积最大通量的点处的每单位面积通量的60%，所述阵列的截断因子至少为80%，并且所述阵列的光学填充因子至少为60%。另外，在反射表面子段与所述阵列之间存在太阳光线的大致上唯一81:1映射。
优选地，所述太阳能发电机还包括太阳能跟踪系统，所述太阳能跟踪系统用于使所述反射表面旋转并且定位成全天都对着太阳。优选地，所述太阳能发电机提供500-1000的太阳能辐射聚光比。
根据本发明的优选实施例，所述太阳能反射表面包括位于所述反射表面中心处的顶点，所述反射表面被布置成大致上垂直于由所述顶点和所述阵列的中心所定义的轴。另外，所述阵列被布置在垂直于所述轴的平面中并且被定位成与所述太阳能反射表面相对。另外，虚平面被定义为在所述顶点处与所述轴垂直相交，并与所述太阳能反射表面相切。优选地，所述太阳能反射表面段是对称的。
根据本发明的优选实施例，对于表面段的n×m个表面子段的矩阵，其中，各表面子段的坐标表示为k,j，其中k是在1与n之间的各表面子段的顺序，j是在1与m之间的各表面子段的顺序，在坐标k,j处的各表面子段的形状由数学函数z=f(x,y)来描述，其中，z是在虚平面上的一组坐标x,y与反射表面之间的距离，x和y分别是从坐标x,y到虚平面上的顶点的横向和纵向距离，经由以下微分方程在数学上获得f(x,y)：
∂ f ( x , y ) ∂ x = x - g ( x ) d - f ( x , y ) + ( x - g ( x ) ) 2 + ( y - h ( y ) ) 2 + ( d - f ( x , y ) ) 2
∂ f ( x , y ) ∂ y = y - h ( y ) d - f ( x , y ) + ( x - g ( x ) ) 2 + ( y - h ( y ) ) 2 + ( d - f ( x , y ) ) 2 ;
其中：
Figure BDA00003513612300061
Figure BDA00003513612300062
d是轴和阵列的相交点与顶点之间的距离；
Rx是添加了2cm裕度的阵列的横向长度；
Ry是添加了2cm裕度的阵列的纵向长度；
Lx是反射表面在虚平面上的投影横向长度；及
Ly是反射表面在虚平面上的投影纵向长度。
附图说明
根据下面结合附图给出的详细说明，将会更充分地理解并领悟本发明，在附图中：
图1A是根据本发明优选实施例构建和操作的光伏太阳能发电机的简化示意图；
图1B是作为图1A的光伏太阳能发电机的一部分的大致上平滑的凹反射表面的简化示意图；
图1C是图1B的大致上平滑的凹反射表面的简化截面图；
图1D和1E一起是指令序列的示例，其用于计算图1A-1C的发电机的反射表面部分形状；
图1F&1G一起是
Figure BDA00003513612300064
指令的示例，其用于计算图1A-1E的发电机的反射表面的光学填充因子；
图1H是由图1A-1G的光伏太阳能发电机生成的反射辐射通量分布图的简化示意图；
图2A是根据本发明另一优选实施例构建和操作的光伏太阳能发电机的简化示意图；
图2B是作为图2A的光伏太阳能发电机的一部分的大致上平滑的凹反射表面的简化示意图；
图2C是图2B的大致上平滑的凹反射表面的简化截面图；
图2D与2E一起是
Figure BDA00003513612300071
指令序列的示例，其用于计算图2A-2C的发电机的反射表面部分形状；
图2F&2G一起是
Figure BDA00003513612300072
指令的示例，其用于计算图2A-2E的发电机的反射表面的光学填充因子；
图2H是由图2A-2G的光伏太阳能发电机生成的反射辐射通量分布图的简化示意图；
图3A是根据本发明再一优选实施例构建和操作的光伏太阳能发电机的简化示意图；
图3B是作为图3A的光伏太阳能发电机的一部分的大致上平滑的凹反射表面的简化示意图；
图3C是图3B的大致上平滑的凹反射表面的简化截面图；
图3D是由图3A的光伏太阳能发电机的一部分生成的反射辐射通量分布图的简化示意图；
图3E是由图3A的光伏太阳能发电机的另一部分生成的反射辐射通量分布图的简化示意图；
图3F与3G一起是
Figure BDA00003513612300073
指令序列的示例，其用于计算图3A-3E的发电机的反射表面部分形状；
图3H&3I一起是
Figure BDA00003513612300074
指令的示例，其用于计算图3A-3G的发电机的反射表面的光学填充因子；
图3J是由图3A-3I的光伏太阳能发电机生成的反射辐射通量分布图的简化示意图；
图4A是由根据本发明又一优选实施例构建和操作的光伏太阳能发电机的一部分生成的反射辐射通量分布图的简化示意图；
图4B是由图4A的光伏太阳能发电机生成的反射辐射通量分布图的简化示意图；
图4C与4D一起是
Figure BDA00003513612300075
指令序列的示例，其用于计算图4A和4B的发电机的反射表面部分形状；
图4E&4F一起是
Figure BDA00003513612300081
指令的示例，其用于计算图4A-4D的发电机的反射表面的光学填充因子；以及
图4G是由图4A的光伏太阳能发电机生成的反射辐射通量分布图的简化示意图。
具体实施方式
现在参考图1A和1B-1C，图1A是根据本发明优选实施例构建和操作的光伏太阳能发电机的简化示意图，并且图1B和1C分别是作为图1A的光伏太阳能发电机的一部分的大致上平滑的凹反射表面的简化示意图和截面图。
如本领域技术人员公知的，由串联连接的光伏电池阵列生成的总电流受到生成最微弱电流的光伏电池的限制。因此，希望所有电池生成大致上相等的电流。应该意识到，由单个光伏电池所生成的电流通常与所吸收的太阳能辐射的量成比例，因此希望阵列中的所有电池都吸收大致上等量的太阳能辐射。
同样如本领域技术人员公知的，单个光伏电池上的入射辐射的非均匀通量导致光伏电池的发电效率减小。因此，希望在每一单个光伏电池上以及在整个阵列上实现均匀的辐射通量。
如图1A所示，提供了一种光伏太阳能发电机100，其具有单个连续大致上平滑的凹反射表面102，所述凹反射表面102安装在太阳能跟踪系统104上，所述太阳能跟踪系统104例如是
Figure BDA00003513612300082
SFC30追踪系统，可以从德国的PAIRAN Elektronik GmbH of
Figure BDA00003513612300083
购买到。光伏太阳能发电机100还包括定位成与反射表面102相对的平坦光伏模块106，所述光伏模块106包括诸如SPECTROLAB CDO-100-C3MJ Concentrator Solar Cells的多个光伏电池，其可以从加利福尼亚的SPECTROLAB Inc.of Sylmar购买到。反射表面102将大致上均匀的太阳能辐射的通量反射到位于反射表面102对面的平坦光伏模块106上，优选定义500-1000的聚光比，从而反射表面102与光伏模块106之间的最佳距离由反射表面102的形状来确定，如下文将解释的。
可以通过系统的光学填充因子来测量入射到光伏电池阵列上的辐射通量的均匀性。因此本发明的目的在于实现系统的最大光学填充因子。
在全文中，术语光伏电池阵列的“光学填充因子”被定义为表示在如果入射辐射的通量与接收最低水平入射辐射的阵列上的点处的入射辐射的水平相匹配的水平是均匀的情况下，应当入射到阵列上的辐射的量与实际入射到阵列上的辐射的总量之间的比率。该比率在图1A中示出为面积A与面积A和B的组合之间的比率。
除了实现入射到光伏电池阵列上的辐射的通量的最大均匀性以外，本发明的目的在于使得系统的截断因子最大化。在全文中，术语“截断因子”被定义为表示由表面反射的入射到接收器的吸收表面上的辐射的分数。
同样如图1A中所示，表面102的第一曲轴（curved axis）108在位于表面102的中心的顶点116处与表面102的第二曲轴110垂直相交。
如图1B和1C中所示以及如上所述，反射表面102将大致上均匀的太阳能辐射的通量反射到平坦光伏模块106上。还如图1C中所示，反射表面102被布置成大致上垂直于由顶点116与光伏模块106定义的轴118，从而在与轴118垂直的平面中相对于轴118对称布置光伏模块106。太阳能跟踪系统104用于使反射表面102旋转并且定位成全天都对着太阳，从而使轴118与太阳对准。平面120被定义为在顶点116处与轴118垂直相交。
本发明的这个实施例的特定特征是被成形为单个连续大致上平滑的凹反射表面102，使得太阳光线的唯一1:1映射存在于反射表面102与光伏模块106之间。
反射表面102的形状可以由数学函数z=f(x,y)来描述，其中，z是在平面120上的一组坐标x,y与反射表面102之间的距离，其中坐标x和y是在将轴108和110投影到平面120上时相对于顶点116的距离。
现在参考图1D和1E以及图1F&1G，图1D和1E一起是
Figure BDA00003513612300091
指令序列的示例，其用于计算图1A-1C的发电机的反射表面部分形状，并且图1F&1G一起是
Figure BDA00003513612300092
指令的示例，其用于计算图1A-1E的发电机的反射表面的光学填充因子。
可以经由以下微分方程获得f(x,y)：
∂ f ( x , y ) ∂ x = x - g ( x ) d - f ( x , y ) + ( x - g ( x ) ) 2 + ( y - h ( y ) ) 2 + ( d - f ( x , y ) ) 2
∂ f ( x , y ) ∂ y = y - h ( y ) d - f ( x , y ) + ( x - g ( x ) ) 2 + ( y - h ( y ) ) 2 + ( d - f ( x , y ) ) 2 ;
其中：
g ( x ) = R x L x x , 其中 x ∈ [ - L x 2 , L x 2 ] ;
h ( y ) = R y L y y , 其中 y ∈ [ - L y 2 , L y 2 ] ;
d是轴118和平坦光伏模块106的相交点与顶点116之间的距离；
Rx是添加了2cm裕度的光伏模块106的横向长度；
Ry是添加了2cm裕度的光伏模块106的纵向长度；
Lx是轴108在平面120上的投影长度；及
Ly是轴110在平面120上的投影长度。
使用图1D和1E中所示的
Figure BDA00003513612300107
指令序列，可以经由以上方程在数学上获得针对反射表面102的一个象限的f(x,y)。由于反射表面102的对称性，使用以上针对单个象限的计算可以外推针对表面102的剩余象限的f(x,y)。
例如，对于单个连续大致上平滑的凹反射表面102，在此Lx=Ly=3.46米，距离d是2米，光伏模块106的尺寸是10×10厘米，z的值被计算为在位于顶点116的0与位于反射表面102的每一个角处的73.5厘米之间变化。入射到光伏模块106上的太阳能辐射的总通量计算约为833sun，从而在每单位面积最小通量的光伏模块106上的点处的每单位面积通量约为在每单位面积最大通量的光伏模块106上的点处的每单位面积通量的75%。光伏模块106的截断因子计算为不小于70%，光学填充因子计算为不小于60%。
使用图1F&1G中所示的
Figure BDA00003513612300108
指令序列来计算光学填充因子，其利用了图1D&1E中所示的f(x,y)的计算。
应该理解，尽管图1A-1C将反射表面102示出为整体反射表面，出于例如与制造和运输有关的考虑，本发明替换实施例可以包括组装形成反射表面102的多个表面段。
图1H是由图1A-1G的光伏太阳能发电机在平坦光伏模块106上生成的反射辐射通量分布图的简化示意图。如图1H中所示，在平坦光伏模块106上生成的反射辐射通量分布图在整个光伏模块106上就强度而言大致上是均匀的，在其边缘处急剧减小。
现在参考图2A以及2B和2C，图2A是根据本发明另一优选实施例构建和操作的光伏太阳能发电机的简化示意图，图2B和2C分别是作为图2A的光伏太阳能发电机的一部分的大致上平滑的凹反射表面的简化示意图和截面图。
如图2A中所示，提供了一种光伏太阳能发电机200，其具有大致上平滑的凹反射表面202，所述凹反射表面202安装在太阳能跟踪系统204上，所述太阳能跟踪系统204例如是
Figure BDA00003513612300111
SFC30追踪系统，可以从德国的PAIRAN Elektronik GmbH of
Figure BDA00003513612300112
购买到。光伏太阳能发电机200还包括定位成与反射表面202相对的平坦光伏模块206，所述光伏模块206包括诸如SPECTROLAB CDO-100-C3MJ Concentrator Solar Cells的多个光伏电池，其可以从加利福尼亚的SPECTROLAB Inc.of Sylmar购买到。反射表面202将大致上均匀的太阳能辐射的通量反射到位于反射表面202对面的平坦光伏模块206上，优选定义500-1000的聚光比，从而反射表面202与光伏模块206之间的最佳距离由反射表面202的形状来确定，如下文将解释的。
同样如图2A中所示，表面202的第一曲轴208与表面202的第二曲轴210垂直相交。轴208与轴210将反射表面202划分为四个平面对称且连续大致上平滑的凹反射表面段212。由轴208与210的相交点来定义顶点216。
如图2B和2C中所示以及如上所述，反射表面202将大致上均匀的太阳能辐射的通量反射到平坦光伏模块206上。同样如图2C中所示，反射表面202被布置成大致上垂直于由顶点216与光伏模块206定义的轴218，从而在与轴218垂直的平面中相对于轴218对称布置光伏模块206。太阳能跟踪系统204用于使反射表面202旋转并且定位成全天都对着太阳，从而使轴218与太阳对准。平面220被定义为在顶点216处与轴218垂直相交。
本发明的这个实施例的特定特征是反射表面202被成形使得太阳光线的4:1映射存在于四个连续大致上平滑的凹反射表面段212与光伏模块106之间。即使在一个反射表面段212的有限区域受损的情况下，这种布置也提供了在光伏模块206上的大致上均匀的太阳能辐射的通量，从而光伏模块206接收四个重叠且大致上均匀分布的太阳能辐射的通量。
反射表面202的形状可以由数学函数z=f(x,y)来描述，其中，z是在平面220上的一组坐标x,y与反射表面202之间的距离，其中坐标x和y是将轴208和210投影到平面220上时相对于顶点216的距离。
现在参考图2D和2E以及图2F&2G，图2D和2E一起是
Figure BDA00003513612300121
指令序列的示例，其用于计算图2A-2C的发电机的反射表面部分形状，图2F&2G一起是
Figure BDA00003513612300122
指令的示例，其用于计算图2A-2E的发电机的光学填充因子。
可以经由以下微分方程获得f(x,y)：
∂ f ( x , y ) ∂ x = x - g ( x ) d - f ( x , y ) + ( x - g ( x ) ) 2 + ( y - h ( y ) ) 2 + ( d - f ( x , y ) ) 2
∂ f ( x , y ) ∂ y = y - h ( y ) d - f ( x , y ) + ( x - g ( x ) ) 2 + ( y - h ( y ) ) 2 + ( d - f ( x , y ) ) 2 ;
其中：
Figure BDA00003513612300126
d是轴218和平坦光伏模块206的相交点与顶点216之间的距离；
Rx是添加了2cm裕度的光伏模块206的横向长度；
Ry是添加了2cm裕度的光伏模块206的纵向长度；
Lx是轴208在平面220上的投影长度；以及
Ly是轴210在平面220上的投影长度。
使用图2D和2E中所示的
Figure BDA00003513612300127
指令序列，可以经由以上方程在数学上获得针对反射表面202的一个象限的f(x,y)。由于反射表面202的对称性，可以使用以上针对单个象限的计算外推针对表面202的剩余象限的f(x,y)。
例如，对于反射表面202，其中Lx=Ly=3.46米，距离d是2米，光伏模块206的尺寸是10×10厘米，z的值被计算为在顶点216处的0与反射表面202的每一个角处的76.5厘米之间变化。入射到光伏模块206上的太阳能辐射的总通量被计算约为833sun，从而在每单位面积最小通量的光伏模块206上的点处的每单位面积通量约为在每单位面积最大通量的光伏模块206上的点处的每单位面积通量的90%。光伏模块206的截断因子被计算为不小于75%，光学填充因子被计算为不小于70%。
使用图2F&2G中所示的
Figure BDA00003513612300131
指令序列来计算光学填充因子，其利用了图2D&2E中所示的f(x,y)的计算。
图2H是由图2A-2G的光伏太阳能发电机在平坦光伏模块206上生成的反射辐射通量分布图的简化示意图，如图2H中所示，在平坦光伏模块206上生成的反射辐射通量分布图在整个光伏模块206上就强度而言大致上是均匀的，在其边缘急剧减小。
现在参考图3A以及3B和3C，图3A是根据本发明再一优选实施例构建和操作的光伏太阳能发电机的简化示意图，图3B和3C分别是作为图3A的光伏太阳能发电机的一部分的大致上平滑的凹反射表面的简化示意图和截面图。
如图3A中所示，提供了一种光伏太阳能发电机300，其具有大致上平滑的凹反射表面302，所述凹反射表面302安装在太阳能跟踪系统304上，所述太阳能跟踪系统304例如是
Figure BDA00003513612300132
SFC30追踪系统，可以从德国的PAIRAN Elektronik GmbH of
Figure BDA00003513612300133
购买到。光伏太阳能发电机300还包括定位成与反射表面302相对的平坦光伏模块306，所述光伏模块306包括诸如SPECTROLAB CDO-100-C3MJ Concentrator Solar Cells的多个光伏电池，其可以从加利福尼亚的SPECTROLAB Inc.of Sylmar购买到。反射表面302将大致上均匀的太阳能辐射的通量反射到位于反射表面302对面的平坦光伏模块306上，优选定义500-1000的聚光比，从而反射表面302与光伏模块306之间的最佳距离由反射表面302的形状来确定，如下文将解释的。
同样如图3A中所示，表面302的第一曲轴308与表面302的第二曲轴310垂直相交。轴308与轴310将反射表面302划分为四个平面对称且大致上凹反射表面段312。四个反射表面段312中的每一个都进一步划分为四个尺寸大致上相等的反射表面子段314。由轴308与310的相交点来定义顶点316。
如图3B和3C中所示以及如上所述，反射表面302将大致上均匀的太阳能辐射的通量反射到平坦光伏模块306上。同样如图3C中所示，反射表面302被布置成大致上垂直于由顶点316与光伏模块306定义的轴318，从而在与轴318垂直的平面中相对于轴318对称布置光伏模块306。太阳能跟踪系统304用于使反射表面302旋转并且定位成全天都对着太阳，从而使轴318与太阳对准。平面320被定义为在顶点316处与轴318垂直相交。
本发明的这个实施例的特定特征是反射表面302被成形为使得太阳光线的4:1映射存在于与顶点316相邻的四个反射表面子段314与光伏模块106之间，从而与顶点316相邻的四个反射表面子段314中的每一个都将大致上等量的太阳能辐射反射到光伏模块306上，从而在光伏模块306上生成大致上均匀的太阳能辐射的通量。即使在与顶点316相邻的四个反射表面子段314中的一个的有限区域受损的情况下，这种布置也提供了在光伏模块306上的大致上均匀的太阳能辐射的通量，从而光伏模块306接收四个重叠且大致上均匀分布的太阳能辐射的通量。
现在参考图3D和图3E，图3D是由与顶点316相邻的四个反射表面子段314中的一个在光伏模块306上生成的反射辐射通量分布图的简化示意图，并且是图3A的光伏太阳能发电机的一部分，图3E是由与顶点316不相邻的12个反射表面子段314中的一个在光伏模块306上生成的反射辐射通量分布图的简化示意图，并且是图3A的光伏太阳能发电机的一部分。
除了在与顶点316相邻的四个反射表面子段314与平坦光伏模块306之间的上述4:1映射之外，反射表面302的形状还提供了在与顶点316不相邻的12个反射表面子段314中的每一个与平坦光伏模块306之间的映射。与顶点316不相邻的12个反射表面子段314中的每一个都将大致上相等且重叠的太阳能辐射的通量反射到平坦光伏模块306上，从而在平坦光伏模块306上生成额外的大致上均匀的太阳能辐射的通量，其叠加到由与顶点316相邻的四个反射表面子段314反射的大致上均匀的太阳能辐射的通量上。然而，如图3D和3E中所示，由与顶点316不相邻的12个反射表面子段314中的一个生成的辐射通量分布图没有完全叠加到由与顶点316相邻的四个反射表面子段314生成的辐射通量分布图上。
反射表面302的形状可以由数学函数z=f(x,y)来描述，其中，z是在平面320上的一组坐标x,y与反射表面302之间的距离，其中坐标x和y是将轴308和310投影到平面320时相对于顶点316的距离。
现在参考图3F和3G以及图3H&3I，图3F和3G一起是
Figure BDA00003513612300151
指令序列的示例，其用于计算图3A-3E的发电机的反射表面部分形状，图3H&3I一起是
Figure BDA00003513612300152
指令的示例，其用于计算图3A-3G的发电机的光学填充因子。
可以经由以下微分方程获得f(x,y)：
∂ f ( x , y ) ∂ x = x - g ( x ) d - f ( x , y ) + ( x - g ( x ) ) 2 + ( y - h ( y ) ) 2 + ( d - f ( x , y ) ) 2
∂ f ( x , y ) ∂ y = y - h ( y ) d - f ( x , y ) + ( x - g ( x ) ) 2 + ( y - h ( y ) ) 2 + ( d - f ( x , y ) ) 2 ;
其中：
Figure BDA00003513612300156
d是轴318和平坦光伏模块306的相交点与顶点316之间的距离；
Rx是添加了2cm裕度的光伏模块306的横向长度；
Ry是添加了2cm裕度的光伏模块306的纵向长度；
Lx是轴308在平面320上的投影长度；以及
Ly是轴310在平面320上的投影长度。
使用图3F和3G中所示的指令序列，可以经由以上方程在数学上获得针对反射表面302的一个象限的f(x,y)。由于反射表面302的对称性，使用以上针对单个象限的计算可以外推针对表面302的剩余象限的f(x,y)。
例如，对于反射表面302，其中Lx=Ly=3.46米，距离d是2米，光伏模块306的尺寸是10×10厘米，z的值被计算为在顶点316处的0与反射表面302的每一个角处的75.5厘米之间变化。入射到光伏模块306上的太阳能辐射的通量计算约为833sun，由此，在每单位面积最小通量的光伏模块306上的点处的每单位面积通量约为在每单位面积最大通量的光伏模块306上的点处的每单位面积通量的60%。光伏模块306的截断因子被计算为不小于80%，光学填充因子被计算为不小于60%。
使用图3H&3I中所示的
Figure BDA00003513612300162
指令序列来计算光学填充因子，其利用了图3F&3G中所示的f(x,y)的计算。
图3J是由图3A-3I的光伏太阳能发电机在平坦光伏模块306上生成的反射辐射通量分布图的简化示意图，如图3J中所示，在平坦光伏模块306上生成的反射辐射通量分布图在整个光伏模块306上就强度而言大致上是均匀的，在其边缘急剧减小。
应该理解，在本发明的替代实施例中，可以将反射表面段312划分为任意数量的尺寸大致上相等的反射表面子段，生成表面子段的矩阵，其中，每一个表面子段都大于平坦光伏模块306，从而每一个表面子段都将大致上相等且重叠的大致上均匀的太阳能辐射的通量反射到光伏模块306上。应该注意，尽管与顶点316相邻的表面子段将大致上相等且重叠的太阳能辐射的通量反射到整个光伏模块306上，但与顶点316不相邻的表面子段反射不完全重叠并且没有覆盖整个光伏模块306的太阳能辐射。
对于n×m个表面子段的矩阵，其中，n是沿轴308从顶点316到表面段312的边缘的子段数量，m是沿轴310从顶点316到表面段312的边缘的子段数量，并且
Figure BDA00003513612300171
单个表面子段的坐标表示为k,j，其中，k是在1与n之间的在轴308上的单个表面子段的顺序，j是在1与m之间的在轴310上的单个表面子段的顺序。
在坐标k,j处的单个表面子段的形状可以由数学函数zk,j=f(x,y)来描述，其中，zk,j是在平面320上的一组坐标x,y与反射表面302之间的距离，其中坐标x和y是将轴308和310投影到平面320上时相对于顶点316距离。
通过使用以下的导数可以在数学上获得f(x,y)：
∂ f ( x , y ) ∂ x = x - g ( x ) d - f ( x , y ) + ( x - g ( x ) ) 2 + ( y - h ( y ) ) 2 + ( d - f ( x , y ) ) 2
∂ f ( x , y ) ∂ y = y - h ( y ) d - f ( x , y ) + ( x - g ( x ) ) 2 + ( y - h ( y ) ) 2 + ( d - f ( x , y ) ) 2 ;
其中：
Figure BDA00003513612300174
Figure BDA00003513612300175
d是轴318和平坦光伏模块306的相交点与顶点316之间的距离；
Rx是添加了2cm裕度的光伏模块306的横向长度；
Ry是添加了2cm裕度的光伏模块306的纵向长度；
Lx是轴308在平面320上的投影长度；及
Ly是轴310在平面320上的投影长度。
例如，对于包括反射表面302的实施例，其中Lx=Ly=3.46米，距离d是2米，光伏模块306的尺寸是10×10厘米，四个反射表面段312中的每一个都进一步被划分为9×9个尺寸大致上相等的反射表面子段的矩阵，z的值被计算为在顶点316处的0与反射表面302的每一个角处的75.6厘米之间变化。入射到光伏模块306上的太阳能辐射的通量计算约为833sun，从而在每单位面积最小通量的光伏模块306上的点处的每单位面积通量约为在每单位面积最大通量的光伏模块306上的点处的每单位面积通量的60%。光伏模块306的截断因子被计算为不小于80%，光学填充因子被计算为不小于60%。以下结合图4A-4C来进一步说明这个实施例。
现在参考图4A和图4B，图4A是由根据本发明又一优选实施例构建和操作的光伏太阳能发电机的一部分生成的反射辐射通量分布图的简化示意图，图4B是由图4A的光伏太阳能发电机生成的反射辐射通量分布图的简化示意图。
在图4A和4B的实施例中，大致上平滑的凹反射表面的两条垂直相交的曲轴将反射表面划分为四个平面对称且大致上凹反射表面段。四个反射表面段中的每一个都进一步被划分为81个尺寸大致上相等的反射表面子段的9×9矩阵。
图4A示出了由四个反射表面段中的一个在作为太阳能发电机一部分的光伏模块上生成的反射辐射通量分布图。如图4A中所示，由四个反射表面段中的一个生成的反射辐射通量分布图在光伏模块上大致上是均匀的，但不是完全均匀的。经由由四个反射表面段中的一个的81个尺寸大致上相等的反射表面子段生成的81个大致上重叠的辐射的通量提供辐射通量分布。即使在81个子段中的一个的有限区域受损的情况下，这种布置也提供了在光伏模块上的大致上均匀的太阳能辐射的通量，从而光伏模块接收81个重叠并且大致上均匀分布的太阳能辐射的通量。
图4B示出了由作为太阳能发电机的一部分的光伏模块上的整个反射表面生成的反射辐射通量分布图。如图4B中所示，由整个反射表面生成的反射辐射通量分布图在光伏模块上是大致上均匀的。即使在四个反射表面段中的一个的有限区域受损的情况下，这种布置也提供了在光伏模块上的大致上均匀的太阳能辐射的通量，从而光伏模块接收由四个反射表面段提供的四个重叠并且大致上均匀分布的太阳能辐射的通量。
现在参考图4C、4D以及图4E&4F，图4C和4D一起作为
Figure BDA00003513612300181
指令序列的示例，其用于计算图4A和4B的发电机的反射表面部分形状，图4E&4F一起作为指令的示例，其用于计算图4A-4D的发电机的光学填充因子。
使用图4C和4D中所示的
Figure BDA00003513612300192
指令序列，可以经由如上所示的描述zk,j=f(x,y)的微分方程来获得zk,j。使用图4E&4F中所示的
Figure BDA00003513612300193
指令序列来计算光学填充因子，其利用了图4C&4D中所示的f(x,y)的计算。
图4G是由图4A-4F的光伏太阳能发电机在平坦光伏模块上生成的反射辐射通量分布图的简化示意图。如图4G中所示，在平坦光伏模块上生成的反射辐射通量分布图在整个光伏模块上就强度而言大致上是均匀的，在其边缘急剧减小。
本领域技术人员应该理解，本发明不限于上文中具体所示和所述的。相反地，本发明的范围包括现有技术中所没有的上文所述的多个特征及其变化和修改的组合和子组合。

Claims (31)

1.一种太阳能发电机，包括：
光伏发电元件的阵列；以及
单个连续的平滑太阳能反射表面，所述表面被布置成将来自太阳的光反射到所述光伏发电元件的阵列上；
其中：
在所述阵列上每单位面积最小通量的点处的每单位面积通量约为在每单位面积最大通量的点处的每单位面积通量的75%；
所述阵列的截断因子至少为70%；并且
所述阵列的光学填充因子至少为60%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的太阳能发电机，其中，所述太阳能发电机还包括太阳能跟踪系统，所述太阳能跟踪系统用于使所述反射表面旋转并且定位成全天都对着太阳。
3.根据权利要求1和2中的任一项所述的太阳能发电机，其中，所述太阳能发电机提供500-1000的太阳能辐射聚光比。
4.根据权利要求1－3中的任一项所述的太阳能发电机，其中：
所述太阳能反射表面包括位于所述反射表面中心处的顶点；并且
所述反射表面被布置成大致上垂直于由所述顶点和所述阵列的中心定义的轴。
5.根据权利要求4所述的太阳能发电机，其中，所述阵列被布置在垂直于所述轴的平面中并且被定位成与所述太阳能反射表面相对。
6.根据权利要求4和5中的任一项所述的太阳能发电机，其中，虚平面被定义为在所述顶点处与所述轴垂直相交，并且与所述太阳能反射表面相切。
7.根据权利要求1－6中的任一项所述的太阳能发电机，其中，在所述反射表面与所述阵列之间存在太阳光线的唯一1:1映射。
8.根据权利要求6和7中的任一项所述的太阳能发电机，其中，所述反射表面的形状由数学函数z=f(x,y)来描述，其中：
z是在所述虚平面上的一组坐标x,y与所述反射表面之间的距离；
x和y分别是从坐标x,y到所述虚平面上的所述顶点的横向和纵向距离；并且
经由以下微分方程在数学上获得f(x,y)：
∂ f ( x , y ) ∂ x = x - g ( x ) d - f ( x , y ) + ( x - g ( x ) ) 2 + ( y - h ( y ) ) 2 + ( d - f ( x , y ) ) 2
∂ f ( x , y ) ∂ y = y - h ( y ) d - f ( x , y ) + ( x - g ( x ) ) 2 + ( y - h ( y ) ) 2 + ( d - f ( x , y ) ) 2 ;
其中：
g ( x ) = R x L x x , 其中 x ∈ [ - L x 2 , L x 2 ] ;
h ( y ) = R y L y y , 其中 y ∈ [ - L y 2 , L y 2 ] ;
d是所述轴和所述阵列的相交点与所述顶点之间的距离；
Rx是添加了2cm裕度的所述阵列的横向长度；
Ry是添加了2cm裕度的所述阵列的纵向长度；
Lx是所述反射表面在所述虚平面上的投影横向长度；以及
Ly是所述反射表面在所述虚平面上的投影纵向长度。
9.一种太阳能发电机，包括：
光伏发电元件的阵列；以及
太阳能反射表面，其形成为多个连续的平滑太阳能反射表面段，所述表面段中的每一个被布置成以将来自太阳的太阳能辐射的相互重叠的通量反射到所述光伏发电元件的阵列上。
10.根据权利要求9所述的太阳能发电机，其中：
所述太阳能反射表面被形成为四个连续的平滑太阳能反射表面段，并且其中：
在所述阵列上每单位面积最小通量的点处的每单位面积通量约为在每单位面积最大通量的点处的每单位面积通量的90%；
所述阵列的截断因子至少为75%；并且
所述阵列的光学填充因子至少为70%。
11.根据权利要求9和10中的任一项所述的太阳能发电机，其中，所述太阳能发电机还包括太阳能跟踪系统，所述太阳能跟踪系统用于使所述反射表面旋转并且定位成全天都对着太阳。
12.根据权利要求9－11中的任一项所述的太阳能发电机，其中，所述太阳能发电机提供500-1000的太阳能辐射聚光比。
13.根据权利要求9－12中的任一项所述的太阳能发电机，其中：
所述太阳能反射表面包括位于所述反射表面的中心处的顶点；并且
所述反射表面被布置成大致上垂直于由所述顶点和所述阵列的中心定义的轴。
14.根据权利要求13所述的太阳能发电机，其中，所述阵列被布置在垂直于所述轴的平面中并且被定位成与所述太阳能反射表面相对。
15.根据权利要求13和14中的任一项所述的太阳能发电机，其中，虚平面被定义为在所述顶点处与所述轴垂直相交，并且与所述太阳能反射表面相切。
16.根据权利要求9－15中的任一项所述的太阳能发电机，其中，所述太阳能反射表面段是对称的。
17.根据权利要求13－16中的任一项所述的太阳能发电机，其中，所述太阳能反射表面段围绕所述轴对称地布置。
18.根据权利要求10－17中的任一项所述的太阳能发电机，其中，在所述四个连续的平滑太阳能反射表面段与所述阵列之间存在太阳光线的唯一4:1映射。
19.根据权利要求13－18中的任一项所述的太阳能发电机，其中，所述反射表面的形状由数学函数z=f(x,y)来描述，其中，
z是在所述虚平面上的一组坐标x,y与所述反射表面之间的距离，
x和y分别是从坐标x,y到所述虚平面上的所述顶点的横向和纵向距离；并且
经由以下微分方程在数学上获得f(x,y)：
∂ f ( x , y ) ∂ x = x - g ( x ) d - f ( x , y ) + ( x - g ( x ) ) 2 + ( y - h ( y ) ) 2 + ( d - f ( x , y ) ) 2
∂ f ( x , y ) ∂ y = y - h ( y ) d - f ( x , y ) + ( x - g ( x ) ) 2 + ( y - h ( y ) ) 2 + ( d - f ( x , y ) ) 2 ;
其中：
Figure FDA00003513612200043
Figure FDA00003513612200044
d是所述轴和所述阵列的相交点与所述顶点之间的距离；
Rx是添加了2cm裕度的所述阵列的横向长度；
Ry是添加了2cm裕度的所述阵列的纵向长度；
Lx是所述反射表面在所述虚平面上的投影横向长度；以及
Ly是所述反射表面在所述虚平面上的投影纵向长度。
20.一种太阳能发电机，包括：
光伏发电元件的阵列；以及
太阳能反射表面，其形成为围绕所述反射表面的中心对称布置的多个太阳能反射表面段，所述表面段中的每一个被划分为多个连续的平滑太阳能反射表面子段，所述表面子段中的每一个被布置成将来自太阳的太阳能辐射的相互重叠的通量反射到所述光伏发电元件的阵列上。
21.根据权利要求20所述的太阳能发电机，其中：
所述太阳能反射表面形成为四个太阳能反射表面段，所述表面段中的每一个被划分为四个连续的平滑太阳能反射表面子段，并且其中：
在所述阵列上每单位面积最小通量的点处的每单位面积通量约为在每单位面积最大通量的点处的每单位面积通量的60%；
所述阵列的截断因子至少为80%；并且
所述阵列的光学填充因子至少为60%。
22.根据权利要求21所述的太阳能发电机，其中，所述反射表面子段与所述阵列之间存在太阳光线的大致上唯一16:1映射。
23.根据权利要求20所述的太阳能发电机，其中：
所述太阳能反射表面形成为四个太阳能反射表面段，所述表面段中的每一个被划分为81个连续的平滑太阳能反射表面子段，并且其中：
在所述阵列上每单位面积最小通量的点处的每单位面积通量约为在每单位面积最大通量的点处的每单位面积通量的60%；
所述阵列的截断因子至少为80%；并且
所述阵列的光学填充因子至少为60%。
24.根据权利要求23所述的太阳能发电机，其中，在所述反射表面子段与所述阵列之间存在太阳光线的大致上唯一81:1映射。
25.根据权利要求20－24中的任一项所述的太阳能发电机，其中，所述太阳能发电机还包括太阳能跟踪系统，所述太阳能跟踪系统用于使所述反射表面旋转并且定位成全天都对着太阳。
26.根据权利要求20－25中的任一项所述的太阳能发电机，其中，所述太阳能发电机提供500-1000的太阳能辐射聚光比。
27.根据权利要求20－26中的任一项所述的太阳能发电机，其中：
所述太阳能反射表面包括位于所述反射表面的中心处的顶点；并且
所述反射表面被布置成大致上垂直于由所述顶点和所述阵列的中心定义的轴。
28.根据权利要求27所述的太阳能发电机，其中，所述阵列被布置在垂直于所述轴的平面中并且被定位成与所述太阳能反射表面相对。
29.根据权利要求27－28中的任一项所述的太阳能发电机，其中，虚平面被定义为在所述顶点处与所述轴垂直相交，并且与所述太阳能反射表面相切。
30.根据权利要求20－29中的任一项所述的太阳能发电机，其中，所述太阳能反射表面段是对称的。
31.根据权利要求20－30中的任一项所述的太阳能发电机，其中，对于表面段的n×m个表面子段的矩阵，其中各表面子段的坐标表示为k,j，其中k是在1与n之间的所述各表面子段的顺序，j是在1与m之间的所述各表面子段的顺序，在坐标k,j处的各表面子段的形状由数学函数z=f(x,y)来描述，其中：
z是在所述虚平面上的一组坐标x,y与所述反射表面之间的距离；
x和y分别是从坐标x,y到所述虚平面上的所述顶点的横向和纵向距离；
并且
经由以下微分方程在数学上获得f(x,y)：
∂ f ( x , y ) ∂ x = x - g ( x ) d - f ( x , y ) + ( x - g ( x ) ) 2 + ( y - h ( y ) ) 2 + ( d - f ( x , y ) ) 2
∂ f ( x , y ) ∂ y = y - h ( y ) d - f ( x , y ) + ( x - g ( x ) ) 2 + ( y - h ( y ) ) 2 + ( d - f ( x , y ) ) 2 ;
其中：
Figure FDA00003513612200073
Figure FDA00003513612200074
d是所述轴和所述阵列的相交点与所述顶点之间的距离；
Rx是添加了2cm裕度的所述阵列的横向长度；
Ry是添加了2cm裕度的所述阵列的纵向长度；
Lx是所述反射表面在所述虚平面上的投影横向长度；以及
Ly是所述反射表面在所述虚平面上的投影纵向长度。
CN201180065079.0A 2010-11-16 2011-11-15 太阳能发电系统 Expired - Fee Related CN103314454B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/947,483 2010-11-16
US12/947,483 US9893223B2 (en) 2010-11-16 2010-11-16 Solar electricity generation system
PCT/IL2011/000882 WO2012066539A1 (en) 2010-11-16 2011-11-15 Solar electricity generation system

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN103314454A true CN103314454A (zh) 2013-09-18
CN103314454B CN103314454B (zh) 2016-03-02

Family

ID=46046679

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201180065079.0A Expired - Fee Related CN103314454B (zh) 2010-11-16 2011-11-15 太阳能发电系统

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US9893223B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP2641274A4 (zh)
CN (1) CN103314454B (zh)
WO (1) WO2012066539A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9893223B2 (en) 2010-11-16 2018-02-13 Suncore Photovoltaics, Inc. Solar electricity generation system
KR101571926B1 (ko) * 2013-06-25 2015-12-07 김미애 평면거울들을 이용하여 균일하게 집광된 광빔 및 직접 접촉에 의한 냉각법을 이용한 태양광발전 장치 및 방법
WO2016200276A1 (en) * 2015-06-11 2016-12-15 Aslaksen Cpv Floating, concentrating photovoltaic system
WO2017210570A1 (en) 2016-06-03 2017-12-07 Suncore Photovoltaics, Inc. Solar receiver with cover glass
WO2017210567A1 (en) 2016-06-03 2017-12-07 Suncore Photovoltaics, Inc. Solar receiver with solar cell array
US10808965B2 (en) 2016-06-24 2020-10-20 Alliance For Sustainable Energy, Llc Secondary reflectors for solar collectors and methods of making the same
CN110892192B (zh) * 2017-06-12 2022-04-01 索莱特有限公司 辐射收集器及其制造方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070251568A1 (en) * 2006-04-26 2007-11-01 Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated Beam Integration For Concentrating Solar Collector
US20080047605A1 (en) * 2005-07-28 2008-02-28 Regents Of The University Of California Multi-junction solar cells with a homogenizer system and coupled non-imaging light concentrator
US20090065045A1 (en) * 2007-09-10 2009-03-12 Zenith Solar Ltd. Solar electricity generation system
CN201594157U (zh) * 2009-09-23 2010-09-29 南京航空航天大学 复合抛物面聚光器

Family Cites Families (541)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US514669A (en) 1894-02-13 Heliomotor
US2751816A (en) 1951-09-12 1956-06-26 John D Strong Paraboloidal reflector
US2904612A (en) 1956-07-30 1959-09-15 Hoffman Electronics Corp Radiant energy converter
US2946945A (en) 1958-03-11 1960-07-26 Hoffman Electronics Corp Solar energy converting apparatus or the like
US3071667A (en) 1959-08-12 1963-01-01 Gen Electric Vacuum-type circuit interrupter
US3186873A (en) 1959-09-21 1965-06-01 Bendix Corp Energy converter
NL270665A (zh) 1960-10-31 1900-01-01
US3018313A (en) 1961-01-04 1962-01-23 Daniel H Gattone Light gathering power converter
US3152260A (en) 1961-01-30 1964-10-06 Thompson Ramo Wooldridge Inc Solar power plant
US3152926A (en) 1961-04-18 1964-10-13 Tung Sol Electric Inc Photoelectric transducer
US3070699A (en) 1961-09-26 1962-12-25 William L Lehmann Photovoltaic solar orienting device
US3232795A (en) 1961-10-26 1966-02-01 Boeing Co Solar energy converter
US3369939A (en) 1962-10-23 1968-02-20 Hughes Aircraft Co Photovoltaic generator
US3350234A (en) 1963-06-03 1967-10-31 Hoffman Electronics Corp Flexible solar-cell concentrator array
US3383246A (en) 1963-12-03 1968-05-14 Paul F. Ferreira Rotatable solar energy converter
US3490950A (en) 1964-05-26 1970-01-20 Hughes Aircraft Co Selective conversion of solar energy with radiation resistant solar energy converter array
US3419434A (en) 1964-07-21 1968-12-31 Martin Marietta Corp Solar cell assemblies
US3427200A (en) 1964-09-24 1969-02-11 Aerojet General Co Light concentrator type photovoltaic panel having clamping means for retaining photovoltaic cell
US3400207A (en) 1964-09-28 1968-09-03 Temescal Metallurgical Corp Apparatus for regulating power applied to an electron gun employed in an electron beam furnace
US3358332A (en) 1964-11-16 1967-12-19 Margaret A Downey Press for molding plastic
US3392304A (en) 1965-10-19 1968-07-09 Air Reduction Power supply for an electron beam furnace gun
US3376165A (en) 1965-10-22 1968-04-02 Charles G. Abbot Apparatus for converting solar energy to electricity
US3546606A (en) 1966-05-02 1970-12-08 Air Reduction Electron gun power regulation method and apparatus
US3509200A (en) 1967-06-06 1970-04-28 Usv Pharma Corp Indanyl thiocarbamates
US3544913A (en) 1967-10-17 1970-12-01 Air Reduction Power supply
US3515594A (en) 1967-12-21 1970-06-02 Trw Inc Radiant energy driven orientation system
US3532551A (en) 1968-01-30 1970-10-06 Webb James E Solar cell including second surface mirrors
US3523721A (en) 1968-12-09 1970-08-11 Zeiss Jena Veb Carl Spherically corrected fresnel lenses and mirrors with partial field correction
US3615853A (en) 1970-01-28 1971-10-26 Nasa Solar cell panels with light-transmitting plate
US3900279A (en) 1970-06-30 1975-08-19 Laing & Son Ltd John Apparatus for forming a pattern on the surface of a moldable material
US3713727A (en) 1971-04-22 1973-01-30 Erevanskoe Otdel V Ni P Konstr Solar unit
US3793179A (en) 1971-07-19 1974-02-19 L Sablev Apparatus for metal evaporation coating
CH551497A (de) 1971-10-06 1974-07-15 Balzers Patent Beteilig Ag Anordnung zur zerstaeubung von stoffen mittels einer elektrischen niederspannungsentladung.
US3833425A (en) 1972-02-23 1974-09-03 Us Navy Solar cell array
US3783231A (en) 1972-03-22 1974-01-01 V Gorbunov Apparatus for vacuum-evaporation of metals under the action of an electric arc
US3769091A (en) 1972-03-31 1973-10-30 Us Navy Shingled array of solar cells
US3748536A (en) 1972-09-05 1973-07-24 Airco Inc Power supply
US4003756A (en) 1973-10-18 1977-01-18 Solar Dynamics Corporation Device for converting sunlight into electricity
US3998206A (en) 1973-08-31 1976-12-21 Arnold Jahn System for collecting and utilizing solar energy
US3923381A (en) 1973-12-28 1975-12-02 Univ Chicago Radiant energy collection
DE2415187C3 (de) 1974-03-29 1979-10-11 Messerschmitt-Boelkow-Blohm Gmbh, 8000 Muenchen Halbleiterbatterie und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
US4002499A (en) 1974-07-26 1977-01-11 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Energy Research And Development Administration Radiant energy collector
US3990914A (en) 1974-09-03 1976-11-09 Sensor Technology, Inc. Tubular solar cell
US3976508A (en) 1974-11-01 1976-08-24 Mobil Tyco Solar Energy Corporation Tubular solar cell devices
US4332973A (en) 1974-11-08 1982-06-01 Sater Bernard L High intensity solar cell
US4010614A (en) 1974-11-13 1977-03-08 Arthur David M Solar radiation collector and system for converting and storing collected solar energy
US3988166A (en) 1975-01-07 1976-10-26 Beam Engineering, Inc. Apparatus for enhancing the output of photovoltaic solar cells
US3977773A (en) 1975-01-17 1976-08-31 Rohr Industries, Inc. Solar energy concentrator
US3971672A (en) 1975-02-03 1976-07-27 D. H. Baldwin Company Light diffuser for photovoltaic cell
US4017332A (en) 1975-02-27 1977-04-12 Varian Associates Solar cells employing stacked opposite conductivity layers
US4035064A (en) 1975-03-20 1977-07-12 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Light concentrator having an anticlastic reflective surface
US4061130A (en) 1975-04-28 1977-12-06 Gonzalez Eduardo E Solar energy device
US3994012A (en) 1975-05-07 1976-11-23 The Regents Of The University Of Minnesota Photovoltaic semi-conductor devices
US3957031A (en) 1975-05-29 1976-05-18 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Energy Research And Development Administration Light collectors in cylindrical geometry
US3999283A (en) 1975-06-11 1976-12-28 Rca Corporation Method of fabricating a photovoltaic device
US4007729A (en) 1975-06-27 1977-02-15 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Energy Research And Development Administration Means of increasing efficiency of CPC solar energy collector
US4321909A (en) 1975-07-11 1982-03-30 Vulcan Australia Limited Servo-controlled solar tracking apparatus
US3986490A (en) 1975-07-24 1976-10-19 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Energy Research And Development Administration Reducing heat loss from the energy absorber of a solar collector
US4021323A (en) 1975-07-28 1977-05-03 Texas Instruments Incorporated Solar energy conversion
US3991740A (en) 1975-07-28 1976-11-16 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Energy Research And Development Administration Sea shell solar collector
US4045246A (en) 1975-08-11 1977-08-30 Mobil Tyco Solar Energy Corporation Solar cells with concentrators
US4078944A (en) 1975-09-08 1978-03-14 Mobil Tyco Solar Energy Corporation Encapsulated solar cell assembly
US4021267A (en) 1975-09-08 1977-05-03 United Technologies Corporation High efficiency converter of solar energy to electricity
US4147561A (en) 1975-09-25 1979-04-03 Knight John R Solar energy collector
US3986021A (en) 1975-10-24 1976-10-12 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Passive solar tracking system for steerable Fresnel elements
US3996460A (en) 1975-12-03 1976-12-07 Smith Peter D Solar tracking control system using shadow detection
DE2557296C2 (de) 1975-12-19 1983-12-15 Erno Raumfahrttechnik Gmbh, 2800 Bremen Sonnenenergiesammler
US4081289A (en) 1975-12-24 1978-03-28 Campbell Iii William Patrick Solar energy system
US4172740A (en) 1975-12-24 1979-10-30 Campbell William P Iii Solar energy system
IL48809A (en) 1976-01-08 1977-12-30 Yeda Res & Dev Tracking device
US4011854A (en) 1976-01-29 1977-03-15 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Mount for continuously orienting a collector dish in a system adapted to perform both diurnal and seasonal solar tracking
US4082570A (en) 1976-02-09 1978-04-04 Semicon, Inc. High intensity solar energy converter
GB1562015A (en) 1976-03-03 1980-03-05 Us Energy Solar concentrator with the angle of incidence of energy on the energy absorber restricted
US4115149A (en) 1976-03-12 1978-09-19 Varian Associates, Inc. Concentrator arrangement for photovoltaic cell
US4029519A (en) 1976-03-19 1977-06-14 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Energy Research And Development Administration Solar collector having a solid transmission medium
US4056404A (en) 1976-03-29 1977-11-01 Mobil Tyco Solar Energy Corporation Flat tubular solar cells and method of producing same
US4031385A (en) 1976-04-05 1977-06-21 Desert Sunshine Exposure Tests, Inc. Solar tracking device
US4056405A (en) 1976-05-10 1977-11-01 Solarex Corporation Panel for solar energy cells
US4086485A (en) 1976-05-26 1978-04-25 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Solar-radiation collection apparatus with tracking circuitry
AU515027B2 (en) 1976-05-26 1981-03-12 Massachusetts Institute Ok Technology (Mit Photovoltaic system and lens
US4090359A (en) 1976-06-10 1978-05-23 Oscar Leonard Doellner Radiant energy power source for jet aircraft and missiles
US4148297A (en) 1976-07-08 1979-04-10 Sherman Benjamin F Jr Collector of direct dispersed and reflected waves
US4191594A (en) 1976-07-09 1980-03-04 Virgil Stark Solar energy conversion
US4134393A (en) 1976-07-09 1979-01-16 Virgil Stark Solar energy collection
US4052228A (en) 1976-07-12 1977-10-04 Russell Charles R Optical concentrator and cooling system for photovoltaic cells
US4223174A (en) 1976-07-19 1980-09-16 Sun Trac Corporation Sun-tracking solar energy conversion system
US4114592A (en) 1976-08-16 1978-09-19 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Cylindrical radiant energy direction device with refractive medium
US4173213A (en) 1976-09-15 1979-11-06 Kelly Donald A Solar power system, with high concentration, linear reflective solar panels
US4168696A (en) 1976-09-30 1979-09-25 Kelly Donald A Four quadrant, two dimensional, linear solar concentration panels
US4107521A (en) 1976-10-14 1978-08-15 Gordon Robert Winders Solar sensor and tracker apparatus
US4198826A (en) 1976-10-26 1980-04-22 Edsel Chromie Solar powered engine and tracking system
US4103151A (en) 1976-10-26 1978-07-25 Edsel Chromie Solar tracking system
US4062698A (en) 1976-11-03 1977-12-13 International Business Machines Corporation Photoelectrical converter
US4143234A (en) 1976-11-08 1979-03-06 Monsanto Company Solar collector using total internal reflectance
US4108154A (en) 1976-11-22 1978-08-22 Homer Van Dyke Solar energy collection system
US4169738A (en) 1976-11-24 1979-10-02 Antonio Luque Double-sided solar cell with self-refrigerating concentrator
US4069812A (en) 1976-12-20 1978-01-24 E-Systems, Inc. Solar concentrator and energy collection system
US4075034A (en) 1977-02-08 1978-02-21 Butler David M Solar converter
US4158356A (en) 1977-02-22 1979-06-19 Wininger David V Self-powered tracking solar collector
US4151005A (en) 1977-03-18 1979-04-24 Landsman Arkady P Radiation hardened semiconductor photovoltaic generator
US4140142A (en) 1977-04-06 1979-02-20 Dormidontov Anatoly A Semiconductor photoelectric generator
US4099515A (en) 1977-06-29 1978-07-11 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Fabrication of trough-shaped solar collectors
US4210463A (en) 1977-07-11 1980-07-01 Escher William J D Multimode solar energy collector and process
US4167936A (en) 1977-08-08 1979-09-18 Hackworth Albert J Static solar tracker and energy converter
US4131485A (en) 1977-08-08 1978-12-26 Motorola, Inc. Solar energy collector and concentrator
US4128732A (en) 1977-08-15 1978-12-05 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Solar cell
US4190766A (en) 1977-08-22 1980-02-26 James W. Fair Sun tracking system
US4118249A (en) 1977-08-30 1978-10-03 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Modular assembly of a photovoltaic solar energy receiver
US4132223A (en) 1977-09-06 1979-01-02 Reddell E Garland Tracking system for solar energy collector
US4106952A (en) 1977-09-09 1978-08-15 Kravitz Jerome H Solar panel unit
US4134392A (en) 1977-09-19 1979-01-16 Spectrum Conversion, Inc. Solar energy collection
FR2404307A1 (fr) 1977-09-27 1979-04-20 Centre Nat Etd Spatiales Cellules solaires a double heterojonction et dispositif de montage
US4263895A (en) 1977-10-17 1981-04-28 Sanders Associates, Inc. Solar energy receiver
US4195913A (en) 1977-11-09 1980-04-01 Spawr Optical Research, Inc. Optical integration with screw supports
LU78535A1 (fr) 1977-11-17 1979-06-13 Commissariat Energie Atomique Procede de fabrication d'un element composite comportant une pluralite de pieces solidarisees a un support et element composite ainsi obtenu
US4152174A (en) 1977-11-17 1979-05-01 Ludlow Ogden R Photoelectric cell using an improved photoelectric plate and plate array
US4146407A (en) 1977-12-15 1979-03-27 Litsenko Tatyana A Solar photoelectric module
US4146408A (en) 1977-12-23 1979-03-27 Varian Associates, Inc. Aspherical solar cell concentrator
US4172739A (en) 1977-12-27 1979-10-30 Solar Homes, Inc. Sun tracker with dual axis support for diurnal movement and seasonal adjustment
US4223214A (en) 1978-01-09 1980-09-16 American Solar Systems, Inc. Solar tracking device
DE2802914A1 (de) 1978-01-24 1979-07-26 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Tragstruktur fuer reflektoren, solarzellen oder solarzellentraeger
US4146785A (en) 1978-02-13 1979-03-27 Sunpower Systems Corporation Sun-tracking control system for solar collector
US4129458A (en) 1978-02-13 1978-12-12 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Solar-cell array
US4800868A (en) 1978-02-22 1989-01-31 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Tilted panel linear echelon solar collector
US4116718A (en) 1978-03-09 1978-09-26 Atlantic Richfield Company Photovoltaic array including light diffuser
US4162174A (en) 1978-03-10 1979-07-24 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Solar cell array
US4304955A (en) 1978-03-14 1981-12-08 Energy Integrated Systems, Inc. Solar energy collector
US4325788A (en) 1978-03-16 1982-04-20 Snyder Wesley L Distillation apparatus with solar tracker
US4276122A (en) 1978-03-16 1981-06-30 Snyder Wesley L Solar distillation apparatus
US4442348A (en) 1978-03-16 1984-04-10 Snyder Wesley L Solar tracking apparatus for a gimbaled body
US4153476A (en) 1978-03-29 1979-05-08 Nasa Double-sided solar cell package
US4213303A (en) 1978-04-21 1980-07-22 Lane William E Sun tracking solar energy boiler
US4174978A (en) 1978-05-11 1979-11-20 Chubrikov Boris A Semiconductor photovoltaic generator and method of fabricating thereof
US4153475A (en) 1978-05-18 1979-05-08 Hider Ross B Three dimensional solar panel assembly
US4236937A (en) 1978-05-24 1980-12-02 Solarex Corporation Solar collector device
US4230095A (en) 1978-05-26 1980-10-28 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Ideal light concentrators with reflector gaps
US4200472A (en) 1978-06-05 1980-04-29 The Regents Of The University Of California Solar power system and high efficiency photovoltaic cells used therein
US4192289A (en) 1978-06-08 1980-03-11 Clark David J Solar heat collection system
US4323052A (en) 1979-01-05 1982-04-06 Virgil Stark Solar energy system
US4337758A (en) 1978-06-21 1982-07-06 Meinel Aden B Solar energy collector and converter
US4311869A (en) 1978-06-30 1982-01-19 Exxon Research & Engineering Co. Solar cell modules
US4321417A (en) 1978-06-30 1982-03-23 Exxon Research & Engineering Co. Solar cell modules
US4235643A (en) 1978-06-30 1980-11-25 Exxon Research & Engineering Co. Solar cell module
US4180414A (en) 1978-07-10 1979-12-25 Optical Coating Laboratory, Inc. Concentrator solar cell array module
US4317031A (en) 1978-08-02 1982-02-23 Max Findell Central focus solar energy system
US4209231A (en) 1978-08-24 1980-06-24 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Heliostat assemblies
US4256088A (en) 1978-09-14 1981-03-17 Acurex Corporation Solar concentrator utilizing a point focusing solar concentrating panel assembly
US4228789A (en) 1978-09-19 1980-10-21 Kay James C Solar energy collector
US4202004A (en) 1978-09-20 1980-05-06 Andersen David C Energy conversion unit
US4237332A (en) 1978-09-26 1980-12-02 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Nonimaging radiant energy direction device
DE2842084A1 (de) 1978-09-27 1980-05-08 Siemens Ag Automatische nachfuehrung fuer sonnenorientierte systeme
US4162928A (en) 1978-09-29 1979-07-31 Nasa Solar cell module
US4204881A (en) 1978-10-02 1980-05-27 Mcgrew Stephen P Solar power system
US4238265A (en) 1978-10-27 1980-12-09 The Boeing Company Method of manufacturing a glass parabolic-cylindrical solar collector
US4284839A (en) 1978-12-18 1981-08-18 Johnson Steven A Internal refractor focusing solar energy collector apparatus and method
US4297521A (en) 1978-12-18 1981-10-27 Johnson Steven A Focusing cover solar energy collector apparatus
US4249520A (en) 1978-12-26 1981-02-10 Orillion Alfred G Pyramidal energy collector system
US4179612A (en) 1979-01-12 1979-12-18 Smith Peter D Radiation tracking control
US4249516A (en) 1979-01-24 1981-02-10 North American Utility Construction Corp. Solar energy collection
US4209346A (en) 1979-02-08 1980-06-24 King Roger A Solar energy recharger
US4313023A (en) 1979-02-28 1982-01-26 Exxon Research & Engineering Co. Solar cell module
US4245153A (en) 1979-03-09 1981-01-13 Porter David R Sun tracking system for solar collector
GB2046016B (en) 1979-03-30 1983-04-20 Fiat Ricerche Solar energy conversion unit
US4377154A (en) 1979-04-16 1983-03-22 Milton Meckler Prismatic tracking insolation
US4234354A (en) 1979-04-20 1980-11-18 Lidorenko Nikolai S Solar power unit
USRE30384E (en) 1979-04-27 1980-08-26 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Solar cell
US4209347A (en) 1979-05-04 1980-06-24 Rca Corporation Mounting for solar cell
US4253895A (en) 1979-05-04 1981-03-03 Toltec Industries Inc. Method and apparatus for forming a segmented mirror parabolic solar collector trough
US4242580A (en) 1979-06-11 1980-12-30 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Solar-radiation collection apparatus
DE2926754A1 (de) 1979-07-03 1981-01-15 Licentia Gmbh Solarzellen-anordnung
US4376228A (en) 1979-07-16 1983-03-08 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Solar cells having ultrathin active layers
US4262195A (en) 1979-07-25 1981-04-14 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Solar tracking system
US4300533A (en) 1979-08-06 1981-11-17 Sacco Leonard R Design of hydraulic circuits for the automatic operation of heliostats
US4352948A (en) 1979-09-07 1982-10-05 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology High-intensity solid-state solar-cell device
US4266530A (en) 1979-09-27 1981-05-12 Steadman Robert W Sun ray tracker
US4337759A (en) 1979-10-10 1982-07-06 John M. Popovich Radiant energy concentration by optical total internal reflection
FR2470935A1 (fr) 1979-11-30 1981-06-12 Nal Etu Exper Machinisme Centr Capteur solaire gonflable
JPS5678180A (en) 1979-11-30 1981-06-26 Hitachi Ltd Light receiving device
US4316084A (en) 1979-12-17 1982-02-16 Stout Alton H Light tracking detectors and housing therefor
US4314546A (en) 1980-01-21 1982-02-09 Rca Corporation Array positioning system
US4404465A (en) 1980-01-21 1983-09-13 Rca Corporation Array positioning system
US4367403A (en) 1980-01-21 1983-01-04 Rca Corporation Array positioning system with out-of-focus solar cells
US4246042A (en) 1980-02-13 1981-01-20 Science Applications, Inc. Fixed solar energy concentrator
DE3005914A1 (de) 1980-02-16 1981-09-10 Werner H. Prof. Dr.-Ing. 7065 Winterbach Bloss Solarzellenanordnung
US4355630A (en) 1980-03-27 1982-10-26 Arthur Fattor Concentrating solar collector with tracking multipurpose targets
US4423719A (en) 1980-04-03 1984-01-03 Solar Kinetics, Inc. Parabolic trough solar collector
US4320288A (en) 1980-04-25 1982-03-16 Thermo Electron Corporation Solar tracking system
US4374955A (en) 1980-06-11 1983-02-22 California Institute Of Technology N-Butyl acrylate polymer composition for solar cell encapsulation and method
US4289920A (en) 1980-06-23 1981-09-15 International Business Machines Corporation Multiple bandgap solar cell on transparent substrate
US4312330A (en) 1980-06-26 1982-01-26 Swedlow, Inc. Focusing device for concentrating radiation
US4416262A (en) 1980-07-22 1983-11-22 Niedermeyer William P High ratio microwave energy concentrating collector
US4301321A (en) 1980-08-11 1981-11-17 Spectrolab Two-axis focusing energy concentrator
US4529830A (en) 1980-08-18 1985-07-16 Maurice Daniel Apparatus for collecting, distributing and utilizing solar radiation
US4361758A (en) 1980-09-02 1982-11-30 Dow Corning Corporation Sun position sensor for two axis tracking
US4400992A (en) 1980-09-29 1983-08-30 Allis-Chalmers Corporation Cable retainer clip
US4316448A (en) 1980-10-06 1982-02-23 Pennwalt Corporation Solar energy concentrator system
US4361717A (en) 1980-12-05 1982-11-30 General Electric Company Fluid cooled solar powered photovoltaic cell
US4354484A (en) 1981-01-05 1982-10-19 Transolar, Inc. Solar collection system
US4379944A (en) 1981-02-05 1983-04-12 Varian Associates, Inc. Grooved solar cell for deployment at set angle
US4350837A (en) 1981-02-11 1982-09-21 Clark Stephan R Spectrovoltaic solar energy conversion system
US4328389A (en) 1981-02-19 1982-05-04 General Dynamics Corporation Inherent spectrum-splitting photovoltaic concentrator system
FR2500637A1 (fr) 1981-02-20 1982-08-27 Aerospatiale Miroir concave constitue d'une pluralite de facettes planes et generateur solaire comportant un tel miroir
US4494302A (en) 1981-03-23 1985-01-22 Hughes Aircraft Company Accelerated annealing of gallium arsenide solar cells
US4339626A (en) 1981-04-16 1982-07-13 Varian Associates, Inc. Solar pond power plant
US4427838A (en) 1981-06-09 1984-01-24 Goldman Arnold J Direct and diffused solar radiation collector
US4414095A (en) 1981-06-12 1983-11-08 Exxon Research And Engineering Co. Mesophase pitch using steam cracker tar (CF-6)
US4429178A (en) 1981-07-13 1984-01-31 Acurex Solar Corporation Solar tracking apparatus utilizing photovoltaic flat panels and method
US4388481A (en) 1981-07-20 1983-06-14 Alpha Solarco Inc. Concentrating photovoltaic solar collector
US4392006A (en) 1981-08-17 1983-07-05 Lawrence Apelian Solar cell activation system
GB2104444B (en) 1981-08-21 1985-01-09 Glaverbel Composite mirror panels
IL63740A (en) 1981-09-04 1984-07-31 Luz International Ltd Sensor devices for solar collector system
US4379324A (en) 1981-09-18 1983-04-05 Thompson Marion E Bulb mounting of solar cell
US4863224A (en) 1981-10-06 1989-09-05 Afian Viktor V Solar concentrator and manufacturing method therefor
US4424802A (en) 1981-10-08 1984-01-10 Sun Trac Industries, Inc. Pneumatic drive for solar concentrators
US4415759A (en) 1981-10-13 1983-11-15 Vought Corporation Solar power satellite
US4418238A (en) 1981-10-20 1983-11-29 Lidorenko Nikolai S Photoelectric solar cell array
GB2112166B (en) 1981-11-14 1986-03-12 Kei Mori Tubular light transmitting element
US4454371A (en) 1981-12-03 1984-06-12 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Solar energy concentrator system
JPS58135684A (ja) 1982-02-08 1983-08-12 Toshiba Corp ハイブリツド型太陽エネルギ−・コレクタ
US4421943A (en) 1982-02-19 1983-12-20 Cities Service Company Collapsible mobile solar energy power source
US4419533A (en) 1982-03-03 1983-12-06 Energy Conversion Devices, Inc. Photovoltaic device having incident radiation directing means for total internal reflection
US4509248A (en) 1982-03-04 1985-04-09 Spire Corporation Encapsulation of solar cells
US4463749A (en) 1982-03-08 1984-08-07 Ford Aerospace & Communications Corporation Modular solar concentrator
US4511755A (en) 1982-05-17 1985-04-16 Kei Mori Solar ray collection apparatus
US4433199A (en) 1982-06-17 1984-02-21 Middy Gerald W Solar insolation and concentration by coupled fiber optics
US4476853A (en) 1982-09-28 1984-10-16 Arbogast Clayton C Solar energy recovery system
JPS5983071A (ja) 1982-11-04 1984-05-14 Toshiba Corp 太陽光入射角検出装置
US4510385A (en) 1982-11-08 1985-04-09 Mattel, Inc. Solar tracking system employing inertial coasting
US4456783A (en) 1982-11-23 1984-06-26 Polaroid Corporation Multielement optical panel
JPS59201471A (ja) 1983-04-29 1984-11-15 Semiconductor Energy Lab Co Ltd 光電変換半導体装置
US4529829A (en) 1982-11-24 1985-07-16 Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. Photoelectric conversion device
US4643524A (en) 1983-02-14 1987-02-17 Kei Mori Method of using a condensing lens
DE3307202A1 (de) 1983-03-01 1984-09-06 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Solarzellenmodul
US4477052A (en) 1983-03-18 1984-10-16 Bergwerksverband Gmbh Gate valve
US4482778A (en) 1983-04-19 1984-11-13 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Solar energy converter using surface plasma waves
US4448799A (en) 1983-04-21 1984-05-15 Multi-Arc Vacuum Systems Inc. Arc-initiating trigger apparatus and method for electric arc vapor deposition coating systems
US4469938A (en) 1983-08-18 1984-09-04 Cohen Elie Solar tracking unit
US4594470A (en) 1983-08-26 1986-06-10 Headrick Richard T Solar generator mounting structure
US4668841A (en) 1983-08-26 1987-05-26 Headrick Richard T Solar generator mounting structure
US4448659A (en) 1983-09-12 1984-05-15 Vac-Tec Systems, Inc. Method and apparatus for evaporation arc stabilization including initial target cleaning
US4559125A (en) 1983-09-12 1985-12-17 Vac-Tec Systems, Inc. Apparatus for evaporation arc stabilization during the initial clean-up of an arc target
US4556788A (en) 1983-11-17 1985-12-03 Rca Corporation Amorphous silicon cell array powered solar tracking apparatus
US4557569A (en) 1983-11-17 1985-12-10 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Distended point source reflector having conical sections
US4491681A (en) 1983-12-08 1985-01-01 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Liquid cooled, linear focus solar cell receiver
US4586488A (en) 1983-12-15 1986-05-06 Noto Vincent H Reflective solar tracking system
US4649900A (en) 1984-02-08 1987-03-17 Trihey John M Solar tracking system
JPS60196548A (ja) 1984-03-19 1985-10-05 Toshiba Corp 太陽自動追尾装置
US4771764A (en) 1984-04-06 1988-09-20 Cluff C Brent Water-borne azimuth-altitude tracking solar concentrators
US4519384A (en) 1984-05-14 1985-05-28 Murtha R Michael Concentrating solar beam collector
US4672191A (en) 1984-06-19 1987-06-09 Dennis Cofield Shadow solar tracking device and system
DE3422813A1 (de) 1984-06-20 1986-01-02 Kernforschungsanlage Jülich GmbH, 5170 Jülich Opto-elektronischer sensor fuer die nachfuehrung von sonnenkonzentratoren
US4963012A (en) 1984-07-20 1990-10-16 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Passivation coating for flexible substrate mirrors
US4547432A (en) 1984-07-31 1985-10-15 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Method of bonding silver to glass and mirrors produced according to this method
US4559926A (en) 1984-10-03 1985-12-24 Butler Barry L Centerless-drive solar collector system
US4892593A (en) 1984-10-09 1990-01-09 Lew Hyok S Solar trap
US4604494A (en) 1984-11-07 1986-08-05 General Electric Company Photovoltaic cell array with light concentrating reflectors
US4658805A (en) 1984-12-03 1987-04-21 Robbins Jr Roland W Thermo-hydraulic power supply
US4636579A (en) 1985-03-18 1987-01-13 Energy Conversion Devices, Inc. Retractable power supply
GB8510706D0 (en) 1985-04-26 1985-06-05 Marconi Co Ltd Solar cell arrays
US4638110A (en) 1985-06-13 1987-01-20 Illuminated Data, Inc. Methods and apparatus relating to photovoltaic semiconductor devices
US4696554A (en) 1985-06-28 1987-09-29 James Seawright Method and apparatus for providing a variable multiple image visual effect
US4711972A (en) 1985-07-05 1987-12-08 Entech, Inc. Photovoltaic cell cover for use with a primary optical concentrator in a solar energy collector
US4633030A (en) 1985-08-05 1986-12-30 Holobeam, Inc. Photovoltaic cells on lattice-mismatched crystal substrates
US4677248A (en) 1985-09-13 1987-06-30 Lacey Thomas G Apparatus for mounting solar cells
US4691075A (en) 1985-09-16 1987-09-01 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Energy conversion system
US4620913A (en) 1985-11-15 1986-11-04 Multi-Arc Vacuum Systems, Inc. Electric arc vapor deposition method and apparatus
US4888063A (en) 1985-11-21 1989-12-19 Powell Roger A Variable aperture, variable flux density, aerospace solar collector
US4719903A (en) 1985-11-21 1988-01-19 Powell Roger A Variable aperture, variable flux density, aerospace solar collector
US4682865A (en) 1986-01-31 1987-07-28 Power Kinetics, Inc. Concave mirror apparatus and method of construction
US4692683A (en) 1986-02-24 1987-09-08 Sanders Associates, Inc. Optical power distribution system
JPS63502854A (ja) 1986-03-31 1988-10-20 ナウチノープロイズボドストベンノエ　オビエディネニエ“ソルンツェ”アカデミイ　ナウク　ツルクメンスコイ　エスエスエル 太陽光線集光装置
US4783373A (en) 1986-04-18 1988-11-08 Optical Coating Laboratory, Inc. Article with thin film coating having an enhanced emissivity and reduced absorption of radiant energy
US4728878A (en) 1986-05-08 1988-03-01 John Anthony Solar energy electric generating system
US4765726A (en) 1986-05-28 1988-08-23 Johnson Kenneth C Fresnel scroll solar tracking device
JPH065782B2 (ja) 1986-06-19 1994-01-19 帝人株式会社 太陽電池モジユ−ル
US4670622A (en) 1986-09-18 1987-06-02 Livingston Jr Miles R Solar energy conversion apparatus and method
US4710588A (en) 1986-10-06 1987-12-01 Hughes Aircraft Company Combined photovoltaic-thermoelectric solar cell and solar cell array
US4687880A (en) 1986-11-03 1987-08-18 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Tubular luminescence photovoltaic array
US4789408A (en) 1986-11-25 1988-12-06 Fitzsimmons James W Solar collector
US4716258A (en) 1987-01-23 1987-12-29 Murtha R Michael Stamped concentrators supporting photovoltaic assemblies
US5107086A (en) 1987-02-26 1992-04-21 Louis P. Yangas Multiuse microwave collector and accelerator system
US4700690A (en) 1987-03-16 1987-10-20 Strickland Benjamin W Solar apparatus
US4836861A (en) 1987-04-24 1989-06-06 Tactical Fabs, Inc. Solar cell and cell mount
US4746370A (en) 1987-04-29 1988-05-24 Ga Technologies Inc. Photothermophotovoltaic converter
US4784700A (en) 1987-05-26 1988-11-15 General Dynamics Corp./Space Systems Div. Point focus solar concentrator using reflector strips of various geometries to form primary and secondary reflectors
US4832002A (en) 1987-07-17 1989-05-23 Oscar Medina Unified heliostat array
US4834805A (en) 1987-09-24 1989-05-30 Wattsun, Inc. Photovoltaic power modules and methods for making same
DE3741477A1 (de) 1987-12-08 1989-06-22 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Konzentratoranordnung
US4868379A (en) 1988-06-20 1989-09-19 Utility Power Group Photovoltaic array with two-axis power maximization tracking
US4883340A (en) 1988-08-02 1989-11-28 Solar Lighting Research, Inc. Solar lighting reflector apparatus having slatted mirrors and improved tracker
US5255666A (en) 1988-10-13 1993-10-26 Curchod Donald B Solar electric conversion unit and system
US4943325A (en) 1988-10-19 1990-07-24 Black & Veatch, Engineers-Architects Reflector assembly
US4927770A (en) 1988-11-14 1990-05-22 Electric Power Research Inst. Corp. Of District Of Columbia Method of fabricating back surface point contact solar cells
FR2643510B1 (fr) 1989-02-23 1994-02-25 Gallois Montbrun Roger Capteur solaire perfectionne
US4968355A (en) 1989-04-14 1990-11-06 Johnson Kenneth C Two-axis tracking solar collector mechanism
US5091018A (en) 1989-04-17 1992-02-25 The Boeing Company Tandem photovoltaic solar cell with III-V diffused junction booster cell
US5118361A (en) 1990-05-21 1992-06-02 The Boeing Company Terrestrial concentrator solar cell module
US5096505A (en) 1990-05-21 1992-03-17 The Boeing Company Panel for solar concentrators and tandem cell units
US5217539A (en) 1991-09-05 1993-06-08 The Boeing Company III-V solar cells and doping processes
US5123968A (en) 1989-04-17 1992-06-23 The Boeing Company Tandem photovoltaic solar cell with III-V diffused junction booster cell
US5071596A (en) 1989-10-23 1991-12-10 Cvd Incorporated Fabrication of lightweight ceramic mirrors by means of a chemical vapor deposition process
US5322572A (en) 1989-11-03 1994-06-21 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Monolithic tandem solar cell
US5089055A (en) 1989-12-12 1992-02-18 Takashi Nakamura Survivable solar power-generating systems for use with spacecraft
US5154777A (en) 1990-02-26 1992-10-13 Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation Advanced survivable space solar power system
DE4013843A1 (de) 1990-04-30 1991-10-31 Johannes Nikolaus Laing Solarkraftwerk mit strahlungsumlenkung
US5272570A (en) 1990-05-02 1993-12-21 Asahi Kogaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Illuminating reflection apparatus
JP2784841B2 (ja) 1990-08-09 1998-08-06 キヤノン株式会社 太陽電池用基板
US5228926A (en) 1990-09-20 1993-07-20 United Solar Systems Corporation Photovoltaic device with increased light absorption and method for its manufacture
US5374317A (en) 1990-09-26 1994-12-20 Energy Systems Solar, Incorporated Multiple reflector concentrator solar electric power system
DK170125B1 (da) 1991-01-22 1995-05-29 Yakov Safir Solcellemodul
US5269851A (en) 1991-02-25 1993-12-14 United Solar Technologies, Inc. Solar energy system
US5125983A (en) 1991-04-22 1992-06-30 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. Generating electric power from solar radiation
US5353735A (en) 1991-04-23 1994-10-11 Yazaki Corporation Indicating instrument system
US5167724A (en) 1991-05-16 1992-12-01 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Planar photovoltaic solar concentrator module
US5153780A (en) 1991-06-10 1992-10-06 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Method and apparatus for uniformly concentrating solar flux for photovoltaic applications
US5086828A (en) 1991-09-25 1992-02-11 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Lunar radiator shade
US5646397A (en) 1991-10-08 1997-07-08 Unisearch Limited Optical design for photo-cell
US5148012A (en) 1991-10-15 1992-09-15 C & A Technology Solar tracking device having three sensors separated by four semicircular vanes
US5169456A (en) 1991-10-22 1992-12-08 Johnson Kenneth C Two-axis tracking solar collector mechanism
US5259679A (en) 1991-11-01 1993-11-09 Hwang Paul C Constant force spring system for ribbon cartridges
US5272356A (en) 1991-11-12 1993-12-21 Hughes Aircraft Company Multiple quantum well photodetector for normal incident radiation
WO1993013396A1 (en) 1991-12-31 1993-07-08 Wattsun Corporation Method and apparatus for tracker control
US5560700A (en) 1992-01-31 1996-10-01 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Light coupler
US5227618A (en) 1992-02-28 1993-07-13 Jefferson Shingleton Variably pressurable support and tracking apparatus and method for tracking moving radiation source
GB9204798D0 (en) 1992-03-05 1992-04-15 Rank Brimar Ltd Spatial light modulator system
US5261970A (en) 1992-04-08 1993-11-16 Sverdrup Technology, Inc. Optoelectronic and photovoltaic devices with low-reflectance surfaces
US5404869A (en) 1992-04-16 1995-04-11 Tir Technologies, Inc. Faceted totally internally reflecting lens with individually curved faces on facets
US5379596A (en) 1992-05-13 1995-01-10 Grayson; Tom Self-contained hand-held solar chest
US5268037A (en) 1992-05-21 1993-12-07 United Solar Systems Corporation Monolithic, parallel connected photovoltaic array and method for its manufacture
US5383976A (en) 1992-06-30 1995-01-24 Jx Crystals, Inc. Compact DC/AC electric power generator using convective liquid cooled low bandgap thermophotovoltaic cell strings and regenerative hydrocarbon burner
US5312521A (en) 1992-06-30 1994-05-17 Fraas Arthur P Compact DC electric power generator using low bandgap thermophotovoltaic cell strings with a hydrocarbon gas burner fitted with a regenerator
US5347402A (en) 1992-08-12 1994-09-13 Porter Arbogast Multiple mirror assembly for solar collector
ES2137349T3 (es) 1992-11-25 1999-12-16 John Beavis Lasich Produccion de hidrogeno de rendimiento elevado a partir de radiacion solar.
US5493824A (en) 1993-03-29 1996-02-27 Webster; Lee R. Rotatably mounted skylight having reflectors
US5505789A (en) 1993-04-19 1996-04-09 Entech, Inc. Line-focus photovoltaic module using solid optical secondaries for improved radiation resistance
US5344497A (en) 1993-04-19 1994-09-06 Fraas Lewis M Line-focus photovoltaic module using stacked tandem-cells
US5393970A (en) 1993-09-13 1995-02-28 Jeng-Jye Shau Optical location tracking devices
US5460659A (en) 1993-12-10 1995-10-24 Spectrolab, Inc. Concentrating photovoltaic module and fabrication method
US5512742A (en) 1993-12-28 1996-04-30 Mattson; Brad A. Solar energy and tracking system
US5575861A (en) 1993-12-30 1996-11-19 United Solar Systems Corporation Photovoltaic shingle system
IL108506A (en) 1994-02-01 1997-06-10 Yeda Res & Dev Solar energy plant
US5437736A (en) 1994-02-15 1995-08-01 Cole; Eric D. Semiconductor fiber solar cells and modules
US5496414A (en) 1994-06-02 1996-03-05 Harvey; T. Jeffrey Stowable and deployable concentrator for solar cells
US5529054A (en) 1994-06-20 1996-06-25 Shoen; Neil C. Solar energy concentrator and collector system and associated method
DE4422755A1 (de) 1994-06-29 1996-01-04 Heinrich Bauer Vorrichtung zur Gewinnung von Energie aus Sonnenlicht mit mindestens einem Solarkollektor
US6080927A (en) 1994-09-15 2000-06-27 Johnson; Colin Francis Solar concentrator for heat and electricity
US5498297A (en) 1994-09-15 1996-03-12 Entech, Inc. Photovoltaic receiver
US6020553A (en) 1994-10-09 2000-02-01 Yeda Research And Development Co., Ltd. Photovoltaic cell system and an optical structure therefor
US5578139A (en) 1995-01-03 1996-11-26 Aec-Able Engineering Co., Inc. Stowable and deployable solar energy concentrator with fresnel lenses
US5538563A (en) 1995-02-03 1996-07-23 Finkl; Anthony W. Solar energy concentrator apparatus for bifacial photovoltaic cells
US5716442A (en) 1995-05-26 1998-02-10 Fertig; Robert T. Light pipe with solar bulb energy conversion system
US5959787A (en) 1995-06-06 1999-09-28 The Boeing Company Concentrating coverglass for photovoltaic cells
US5660644A (en) 1995-06-19 1997-08-26 Rockwell International Corporation Photovoltaic concentrator system
US5614033A (en) 1995-08-08 1997-03-25 Hughes Aircraft Company Rigid solar panel with discrete lattice and carrier structures bonded together
US5877874A (en) 1995-08-24 1999-03-02 Terrasun L.L.C. Device for concentrating optical radiation
GB2308885A (en) 1995-12-29 1997-07-09 John Harrison Protecting a reflector dish for solar radiation from high winds
KR970048612A (ko) 1995-12-29 1997-07-29 김주용 솔라 어레이를 이용한 태양 추적 시스템 및 방법
US5632823A (en) 1996-01-29 1997-05-27 Sharan; Anand M. Solar tracking system
US5851309A (en) 1996-04-26 1998-12-22 Kousa; Paavo Directing and concentrating solar energy collectors
DE29617111U1 (de) 1996-10-01 1996-12-05 Hara Smith Stephen C O Justierbarer Reflektor
JPH10154824A (ja) 1996-11-21 1998-06-09 Nippon Oil Co Ltd 光電変換装置
US5902417A (en) 1996-12-12 1999-05-11 Hughes Electornics Corporation High efficiency tandem solar cells, and operating method
US6036323A (en) 1996-12-18 2000-03-14 Products Innovation Center, Inc. Solar insolation concentrator, fabrication tool and fabrication process
WO1998043304A1 (fr) 1997-03-21 1998-10-01 Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. Element photovoltaique et procede de fabrication dudit element
US5979834A (en) 1997-05-02 1999-11-09 Falbel; Gerald Spacecraft solar power system
US20060021648A1 (en) 1997-05-09 2006-02-02 Parise Ronald J Device and method to transmit waste heat or thermal pollution into deep space
US5936193A (en) 1997-05-09 1999-08-10 Parise; Ronald J. Nighttime solar cell
US6015950A (en) 1997-05-13 2000-01-18 Converse; Alexander K. Refractive spectrum splitting photovoltaic concentrator system
US6061181A (en) 1997-06-09 2000-05-09 Fereidooni; Fred Nontracking light converger
JP3805889B2 (ja) 1997-06-20 2006-08-09 株式会社カネカ 太陽電池モジュールおよびその製造方法
US6008449A (en) 1997-08-19 1999-12-28 Cole; Eric D. Reflective concentrating solar cell assembly
EP0915523A3 (en) 1997-10-29 2005-11-02 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha A photovoltaic element having a back side transparent and electrically conductive layer with a light incident side surface region having a specific cross section and a module comprising said photovoltaic element
US6057505A (en) 1997-11-21 2000-05-02 Ortabasi; Ugur Space concentrator for advanced solar cells
US6011215A (en) 1997-12-18 2000-01-04 United Solar Systems Corporation Point contact photovoltaic module and method for its manufacture
US6073500A (en) 1998-01-13 2000-06-13 Midwest Research Institute Ultra-accelerated natural sunlight exposure testing
US6604436B1 (en) 1998-01-13 2003-08-12 Midwest Research Institute Ultra-accelerated natural sunlight exposure testing facilities
NL1008356C2 (nl) 1998-02-19 1999-08-20 Suria Holdings Sarl Inrichting voor het verwarmen met zonne-energie.
JPH11238897A (ja) 1998-02-23 1999-08-31 Canon Inc 太陽電池モジュール製造方法および太陽電池モジュール
JP3174549B2 (ja) 1998-02-26 2001-06-11 株式会社日立製作所 太陽光発電装置及び太陽光発電モジュール並びに太陽光発電システムの設置方法
US6111190A (en) 1998-03-18 2000-08-29 Entech, Inc. Inflatable fresnel lens solar concentrator for space power
CN1142597C (zh) 1998-03-25 2004-03-17 Tdk株式会社 太阳能电池组件
US5994641A (en) 1998-04-24 1999-11-30 Ase Americas, Inc. Solar module having reflector between cells
EP0962989B1 (en) 1998-05-20 2011-01-19 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Photovoltaic power generating structure
US6481859B1 (en) 1998-07-21 2002-11-19 Levan Tsintsadze Radiant energy concentrator
US6700054B2 (en) 1998-07-27 2004-03-02 Sunbear Technologies, Llc Solar collector for solar energy systems
US6034319A (en) 1998-07-30 2000-03-07 Falbel; Gerald Immersed photovoltaic solar power system
JP2002522908A (ja) 1998-08-05 2002-07-23 パワーパルス・ホールディング・アクチェンゲゼルシャフト 光起電力装置
NL1009837C2 (nl) 1998-08-11 2000-02-15 Albertus Kooij Zonnecollector en werkwijze voor het vervaardigen daarvan.
US6178707B1 (en) 1998-08-13 2001-01-30 Daniel Emilio Bengtson Small skylight with non-tracking solar collector
JP3259692B2 (ja) 1998-09-18 2002-02-25 株式会社日立製作所 集光型太陽光発電モジュール及びその製造方法並びに集光型太陽光発電システム
US6043425A (en) 1998-10-02 2000-03-28 Hughes Electronics Corporation Solar power source with textured solar concentrator
US6239354B1 (en) 1998-10-09 2001-05-29 Midwest Research Institute Electrical isolation of component cells in monolithically interconnected modules
IL127323A0 (en) 1998-11-30 1999-09-22 Yeda Res & Dev Solar energy plant
US6201181B1 (en) 1998-12-08 2001-03-13 Ase Americas, Inc. Portable solar module cart
US6265653B1 (en) 1998-12-10 2001-07-24 The Regents Of The University Of California High voltage photovoltaic power converter
US6291761B1 (en) 1998-12-28 2001-09-18 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Solar cell module, production method and installation method therefor and photovoltaic power generation system
GB9905642D0 (en) 1999-03-11 1999-05-05 Imperial College Light concentrator for PV cells
US6020554A (en) 1999-03-19 2000-02-01 Photovoltaics International, Llc Tracking solar energy conversion unit adapted for field assembly
AU764832B2 (en) 1999-05-31 2003-09-04 Kaneka Corporation Solar battery module
WO2000079593A1 (en) 1999-06-21 2000-12-28 Aec-Able Engineering Co., Inc. Solar cell array
US6075200A (en) 1999-06-30 2000-06-13 Entech, Inc. Stretched Fresnel lens solar concentrator for space power
US6225551B1 (en) 1999-09-02 2001-05-01 Midwest Research Institute Multi-facet concentrator of solar setup for irradiating the objects placed in a target plane with solar light
CA2350044A1 (en) 1999-09-09 2001-03-15 Akzo Nobel Nv Hybrid roof covering element
US6188012B1 (en) 1999-11-10 2001-02-13 Tecstar Power Systems Methods and systems for a solar cell concentrator
US6440769B2 (en) 1999-11-26 2002-08-27 The Trustees Of Princeton University Photovoltaic device with optical concentrator and method of making the same
US6333458B1 (en) 1999-11-26 2001-12-25 The Trustees Of Princeton University Highly efficient multiple reflection photosensitive optoelectronic device with optical concentrator
AU3005001A (en) 1999-12-02 2001-06-12 Holger Lomparski Device for producing solar energy and water
US20040194820A1 (en) 2000-01-20 2004-10-07 Steven Barone Self tracking, wide angle solar concentrators
AU2001260971A1 (en) 2000-01-20 2001-08-07 Bd Systems, Llc Self tracking, wide angle, solar concentrators
US6367259B1 (en) 2000-02-15 2002-04-09 Miguel A. Timm Battery-less solar power system
US20030116184A1 (en) 2000-03-23 2003-06-26 Kimberley Derby-Lewis Focused solar energy collector
US7077532B1 (en) 2000-04-05 2006-07-18 Sandia Corporation Solar reflection panels
US6661818B1 (en) 2000-04-05 2003-12-09 Digital Optics Corporation Etalon, a wavelength monitor/locker using the etalon and associated methods
ES2160555B2 (es) 2000-04-27 2006-04-16 Universidad Politecnica De Madrid Convertidor fotovoltaico de alta eficiencia para intensidades luminosas elevadas fabricado con tecnologia optoelectronica.
US20060076048A1 (en) 2000-04-27 2006-04-13 Russell Gaudiana Photo-sensing photovoltaic with positioning facility
US6485152B2 (en) 2000-05-05 2002-11-26 Doug Wood Matrix solar dish
DE10025212A1 (de) 2000-05-22 2001-11-29 Andreas Noehrig Konzentrierendes Solarenergiesystem
US6284968B1 (en) 2000-06-19 2001-09-04 Joseph Z. Niesyn Solar-tracking system
RU2196280C2 (ru) 2000-06-23 2003-01-10 Карнаухов Алексей Валерьевич Гелиоустановка
EP1174342A1 (en) 2000-07-20 2002-01-23 Université de Liège Solar concentrator
US6525264B2 (en) 2000-07-21 2003-02-25 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Thin-film solar cell module
US6441298B1 (en) 2000-08-15 2002-08-27 Nec Research Institute, Inc Surface-plasmon enhanced photovoltaic device
US6443145B1 (en) 2000-08-25 2002-09-03 Learning Legacy Solar seeker
WO2002020298A2 (en) 2000-09-05 2002-03-14 Tara Investments, Llc System and method for power generation
US6281485B1 (en) 2000-09-27 2001-08-28 The Aerospace Corporation Maximum power tracking solar power system
US6597709B1 (en) 2000-10-05 2003-07-22 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Method and apparatus for aligning a solar concentrator using two lasers
US20020062856A1 (en) 2000-10-10 2002-05-30 Stellar Technologies, Llc Solar collector unit
US6384320B1 (en) 2000-10-13 2002-05-07 Leon Lung-Chen Chen Solar compound concentrator of electric power generation system for residential homes
US6548751B2 (en) 2000-12-12 2003-04-15 Solarflex Technologies, Inc. Thin film flexible solar cell
JP3797871B2 (ja) 2000-12-05 2006-07-19 シャープ株式会社 宇宙用ソーラーパネルおよびその修理方法
US6971756B2 (en) 2000-12-18 2005-12-06 Svv Technology Innovations, Inc. Apparatus for collecting and converting radiant energy
US6372978B1 (en) 2000-12-21 2002-04-16 Carmine Cifaldi Wind/sun solar collection system (HS2)
US6630622B2 (en) 2001-01-15 2003-10-07 Annemarie Hvistendahl Konold Combined solar electric power and liquid heat transfer collector panel
US6653552B2 (en) 2001-02-28 2003-11-25 Kyocera Corporation Photoelectric conversion device and method of manufacturing the same
US6541694B2 (en) 2001-03-16 2003-04-01 Solar Enterprises International, Llc Nonimaging light concentrator with uniform irradiance
JP2002289900A (ja) 2001-03-23 2002-10-04 Canon Inc 集光型太陽電池モジュール及び集光型太陽光発電システム
US6803514B2 (en) 2001-03-23 2004-10-12 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Mounting structure and mounting method of a photovoltaic element, mounting substrate for mounting a semiconductor element thereon and method for mounting a semiconductor element on said mounting substrate
AUPR403901A0 (en) 2001-03-28 2001-04-26 Solar Systems Pty Ltd Solar tracking system
AUPR403801A0 (en) 2001-03-28 2001-04-26 Solar Systems Pty Ltd System for generating electrical power from solar radiation
US6620995B2 (en) 2001-03-30 2003-09-16 Sergiy Victorovich Vasylyev Non-imaging system for radiant energy flux transformation
GR1003860B (el) 2001-04-12 2002-04-08 Τριπλο υβριδικο ηλιακο συστημα συγκεντρωτικου τυπου για την ταυτοχρονη παραγωγη ηλεκτρικης, θερμικης και ψυκτικης ενεργειας
US6704607B2 (en) 2001-05-21 2004-03-09 The Boeing Company Method and apparatus for controllably positioning a solar concentrator
EP1261039A1 (en) 2001-05-23 2002-11-27 Université de Liège Solar concentrator
US6498290B1 (en) 2001-05-29 2002-12-24 The Sun Trust, L.L.C. Conversion of solar energy
US20040045596A1 (en) 2001-05-29 2004-03-11 Paul Lawheed Flat plate panel solar electrical generators and methods
US6489553B1 (en) 2001-05-30 2002-12-03 Jx Crystals Inc. TPV cylindrical generator for home cogeneration
US6580027B2 (en) 2001-06-11 2003-06-17 Trustees Of Princeton University Solar cells using fullerenes
US6469241B1 (en) 2001-06-21 2002-10-22 The Aerospace Corporation High concentration spectrum splitting solar collector
US20030005957A1 (en) 2001-06-22 2003-01-09 Kunihide Tanaka Solar energy converter using optical concentration through a liquid
US6559371B2 (en) 2001-06-27 2003-05-06 Pinnacle West Capital Corp. High-concentration photovoltaic assembly for a utility-scale power generation system
TW497702U (en) 2001-06-27 2002-08-01 Guo-Yuan Lin Solar energy generator/heater
US20030016457A1 (en) 2001-07-20 2003-01-23 The United States Of America Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Lightweight parabolic mirror
US7166797B1 (en) 2001-08-23 2007-01-23 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Tandem filters using frequency selective surfaces for enhanced conversion efficiency in a thermophotovoltaic energy conversion system
US6532953B1 (en) 2001-08-30 2003-03-18 The Boeing Company Geometric dome stowable tower reflector
US6531653B1 (en) 2001-09-11 2003-03-11 The Boeing Company Low cost high solar flux photovoltaic concentrator receiver
US7208674B2 (en) 2001-09-11 2007-04-24 Eric Aylaian Solar cell having photovoltaic cells inclined at acute angle to each other
US6515217B1 (en) 2001-09-11 2003-02-04 Eric Aylaian Solar cell having a three-dimensional array of photovoltaic cells enclosed within an enclosure having reflective surfaces
US6870087B1 (en) 2001-09-14 2005-03-22 Patrick Gallagher Assembly method and apparatus for photovoltaic module
US7973235B2 (en) 2001-09-18 2011-07-05 Ut-Batelle, Llc Hybrid solar lighting distribution systems and components
WO2003032404A1 (en) 2001-10-11 2003-04-17 Richard Alan Morgal Method and apparatus for solar energy collection
US6552257B1 (en) 2001-10-16 2003-04-22 American Signal Company Nonrotating pivotable solar panel
US6717045B2 (en) 2001-10-23 2004-04-06 Leon L. C. Chen Photovoltaic array module design for solar electric power generation systems
FR2832811B1 (fr) 2001-11-28 2004-01-30 Saint Gobain Plaque transparente texturee a forte transmission de lumiere
US6557804B1 (en) 2001-12-05 2003-05-06 The Boeing Company Rotating solar concentrator
DE60213461T2 (de) 2001-12-13 2006-11-30 Asahi Glass Co., Ltd. Deckglas für eine solarblatterie
JP2003189646A (ja) 2001-12-14 2003-07-04 Norio Akamatsu 太陽光エネルギー変換装置および太陽光エネルギー変換システム
US7607429B2 (en) 2001-12-17 2009-10-27 Svv Technology Innovations, Inc. Multistage system for radiant energy flux transformation comprising an array of slat-like reflectors
US20030137754A1 (en) 2001-12-17 2003-07-24 Vasylyev Sergiy Victorovich Multistage system for radiant energy flux transformation
US6974904B2 (en) 2001-12-21 2005-12-13 Solar Dynamics, Inc. Portable solar powered unit
US6828499B2 (en) 2001-12-21 2004-12-07 Marine Desalination Systems, L.L.C. Apparatus and method for harvesting atmospheric moisture
US6686533B2 (en) 2002-01-29 2004-02-03 Israel Aircraft Industries Ltd. System and method for converting solar energy to electricity
US6612705B1 (en) 2002-02-19 2003-09-02 Mark Davidson Mini-optics solar energy concentrator
US7388146B2 (en) 2002-04-24 2008-06-17 Jx Crystals Inc. Planar solar concentrator power module
US7553035B2 (en) 2002-05-07 2009-06-30 Wright Greg J Method and apparatus for constructing a perfect trough parabolic reflector
WO2003098705A1 (en) 2002-05-17 2003-11-27 Schripsema Jason E Photovoltaic module with adjustable heat sink and method of fabrication
US6689949B2 (en) 2002-05-17 2004-02-10 United Innovations, Inc. Concentrating photovoltaic cavity converters for extreme solar-to-electric conversion efficiencies
US6881893B1 (en) 2002-06-11 2005-04-19 David M. Cobert Solar energy collection system
US6945063B2 (en) 2002-06-28 2005-09-20 Marine Desalination Systems, L.L.C. Apparatus and method for harvesting atmospheric moisture
US7173179B2 (en) 2002-07-16 2007-02-06 The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Arkansas Solar co-generator
US20040025931A1 (en) 2002-08-09 2004-02-12 S.I.E.M. S.R.L. Solar panel for simultaneous generation of electric and thermal energy
US6818818B2 (en) 2002-08-13 2004-11-16 Esmond T. Goei Concentrating solar energy receiver
US6774299B2 (en) 2002-08-16 2004-08-10 Jorge Ford Solar electric alternating current generator
EP2399970A3 (en) 2002-09-05 2012-04-18 Nanosys, Inc. Nanocomposites
DZ3380A1 (fr) 2002-09-21 2005-06-18 Bachir Hihi Procede permettant d'augmenter la puissance de sortie des cellules photovoltaiques
US20040112424A1 (en) 2002-10-03 2004-06-17 Daido Steel Co., Ltd. Solar cell assembly, and photovoltaic solar electric generator of concentrator type
FR2845822B1 (fr) 2002-10-10 2005-06-24 Cit Alcatel Panneau de generateur solaire et vehicule spatial comportant un tel panneau
WO2004038462A1 (en) 2002-10-22 2004-05-06 Sunray Technologies, Inc. Diffractive structures for the redirection and concentration of optical radiation
NO20025207A (no) 2002-10-30 2003-12-01 Sleipner Motor As Fremgangsmåte og styresystem for styring av elektromotorer
US6897423B2 (en) 2002-11-14 2005-05-24 Michael H. Redler Self-powered intermittent moving light tracking device and method
US20060137734A1 (en) 2002-11-20 2006-06-29 Mortenson Mark G High efficiency solar cells
FR2847719B1 (fr) 2002-11-25 2005-03-11 Cit Alcatel Cellule solaire pour panneau de generateur solaire, panneau de generateur solaire et vehicule spatial
WO2004049538A2 (en) 2002-11-26 2004-06-10 Solaren Corporation Space-based power system
GB0227718D0 (en) 2002-11-28 2003-01-08 Eastman Kodak Co A photovoltaic device and a manufacturing method hereof
US20040112373A1 (en) 2002-12-09 2004-06-17 Derek Djeu Passive Solar Tracker for a Solar Concentrator
US7051529B2 (en) 2002-12-20 2006-05-30 United Technologies Corporation Solar dish concentrator with a molten salt receiver incorporating thermal energy storage
EP2083451B1 (en) 2003-03-18 2016-10-12 SunPower Corporation, Systems Tracking solar collector assembly
US20050081908A1 (en) 2003-03-19 2005-04-21 Stewart Roger G. Method and apparatus for generation of electrical power from solar energy
US7189917B2 (en) 2003-03-26 2007-03-13 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Stacked photovoltaic device
US7352509B2 (en) 2003-05-20 2008-04-01 Dan Pagel Method and apparatus attenuating direct sun light while providing a view of the sky through a light tunnel in a skylight system
US20040231716A1 (en) 2003-05-22 2004-11-25 Litwin Robert Zachary Wireless controlled battery powered heliostats for solar power plant application
US20060124166A1 (en) 2003-06-04 2006-06-15 Romijn Maarten M Method and apparatus for achieving worldwide reduction of carbon dioxide emissions and deforestation
US6750392B1 (en) 2003-06-06 2004-06-15 Kuo-Yow Yen Photovoltaic cooling system
US6959993B2 (en) 2003-07-10 2005-11-01 Energy Innovations, Inc. Solar concentrator array with individually adjustable elements
US7192146B2 (en) 2003-07-28 2007-03-20 Energy Innovations, Inc. Solar concentrator array with grouped adjustable elements
US7297865B2 (en) 2003-08-01 2007-11-20 Sunpower Corporation Compact micro-concentrator for photovoltaic cells
US7281381B2 (en) 2003-08-22 2007-10-16 D. Alan E. Johnson Mechanical-thermal solar power system
IL157716A0 (en) 2003-09-02 2004-03-28 Eli Shifman Solar energy utilization unit and solar energy utilization system
US7081584B2 (en) 2003-09-05 2006-07-25 Mook William J Solar based electrical energy generation with spectral cooling
ITTO20030734A1 (it) 2003-09-24 2005-03-25 Fiat Ricerche Concentratore di luce multifocale per un dispositivo per la conversione di radiazione, ed in particolare per la conversione della radiazione solare in energia elettrica, termica o chimica.
US20050081909A1 (en) 2003-10-20 2005-04-21 Paull James B. Concentrating solar roofing shingle
US20050092360A1 (en) 2003-10-30 2005-05-05 Roy Clark Optical concentrator for solar cell electrical power generation
US6999221B1 (en) 2003-11-17 2006-02-14 Alabama A&M University Bimorphic polymeric photomechanical actuator
US20050166953A1 (en) 2003-11-20 2005-08-04 Baldeschwieler John D. Solar energy concentrator
US20050161074A1 (en) 2003-12-16 2005-07-28 Paul Garvison Photovoltaic module mounting unit and system
EP1706907A4 (en) 2003-12-18 2008-02-27 Univ Sydney beam splitter
US20050133082A1 (en) 2003-12-20 2005-06-23 Konold Annemarie H. Integrated solar energy roofing construction panel
US8344239B2 (en) 2004-02-13 2013-01-01 Pvt Solar, Inc. Mechanism for mounting solar modules
US7459065B2 (en) 2004-02-18 2008-12-02 General Motors Corporation Hydrogen generator photovoltaic electrolysis reactor system
US20060054212A1 (en) 2004-09-10 2006-03-16 Fraas Lewis M Solar photovoltaic mirror modules
US7442871B2 (en) 2004-09-13 2008-10-28 General Electric Company Photovoltaic modules for solar concentrator
US20060072222A1 (en) 2004-10-05 2006-04-06 Lichy Joseph I Asymetric, three-dimensional, non-imaging, light concentrator
US7108207B2 (en) 2004-10-26 2006-09-19 Lehigh Technologies, Llc Process and apparatus for comminuting particle rubber
US7319189B2 (en) 2004-10-27 2008-01-15 Universite De Liege Solar concentrator
US20060090789A1 (en) 2004-10-29 2006-05-04 Thompson Daniel S Floating support structure for a solar panel array
US20060162762A1 (en) 2005-01-26 2006-07-27 Boris Gilman Self-cooled photo-voltaic device and method for intensification of cooling thereof
US20060169315A1 (en) 2005-02-01 2006-08-03 Alexander Levin Modular photovoltaic solar power system
US20060193066A1 (en) 2005-02-01 2006-08-31 Prueitt Melvin L Concentrating solar power
US20060185713A1 (en) 2005-02-23 2006-08-24 Mook William J Jr Solar panels with liquid superconcentrators exhibiting wide fields of view
US20060191566A1 (en) 2005-02-28 2006-08-31 Applied Optical Materials Solar concentrator system using photonic engineered materials
US7906722B2 (en) 2005-04-19 2011-03-15 Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated Concentrating solar collector with solid optical element
US20060243319A1 (en) 2005-04-29 2006-11-02 Arizona Public Service Company Clustered solar-energy conversion array and method therefor
US8063300B2 (en) 2005-05-26 2011-11-22 Solfocus, Inc. Concentrator solar photovoltaic array with compact tailored imaging power units
US20060283495A1 (en) 2005-06-06 2006-12-21 Solaria Corporation Method and system for integrated solar cell using a plurality of photovoltaic regions
US7622666B2 (en) 2005-06-16 2009-11-24 Soliant Energy Inc. Photovoltaic concentrator modules and systems having a heat dissipating element located within a volume in which light rays converge from an optical concentrating element towards a photovoltaic receiver
US8344238B2 (en) 2005-07-19 2013-01-01 Solyndra Llc Self-cleaning protective coatings for use with photovoltaic cells
DE102005035441B3 (de) 2005-07-28 2007-03-22 Krinner Innovation Gmbh Drehantrieb eines plattenförmigen Solarmoduls und Solaranlage
MX2009001097A (es) 2006-07-28 2009-07-02 Megawatt Solar Llc Ensambles, sistemas y metodos reflectores para la recoleccion de la radiacion solar para generacion de lectricidad fotovoltaica.
CN101237195A (zh) 2007-01-29 2008-08-06 吴宣瑚 一种光叠加式太阳能供电装置
MX2011000201A (es) 2008-07-03 2011-08-17 Greenfield Solar Corp Ensamble de colector solar.
US20110083721A1 (en) * 2008-11-20 2011-04-14 Behzad Imani Concentrating photovoltaic system
US9893223B2 (en) 2010-11-16 2018-02-13 Suncore Photovoltaics, Inc. Solar electricity generation system

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080047605A1 (en) * 2005-07-28 2008-02-28 Regents Of The University Of California Multi-junction solar cells with a homogenizer system and coupled non-imaging light concentrator
US20070251568A1 (en) * 2006-04-26 2007-11-01 Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated Beam Integration For Concentrating Solar Collector
US20090065045A1 (en) * 2007-09-10 2009-03-12 Zenith Solar Ltd. Solar electricity generation system
CN201594157U (zh) * 2009-09-23 2010-09-29 南京航空航天大学 复合抛物面聚光器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20120118351A1 (en) 2012-05-17
CN103314454B (zh) 2016-03-02
WO2012066539A1 (en) 2012-05-24
US9893223B2 (en) 2018-02-13
EP2641274A1 (en) 2013-09-25
EP2641274A4 (en) 2017-04-05

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN103314454A (zh) 太阳能发电系统
AU2002362938B2 (en) Solar electricity generator
US20040025931A1 (en) Solar panel for simultaneous generation of electric and thermal energy
US20130068285A1 (en) Method and device for two-stage solar concentration and spectrum splitting based on dish concentration
EP1732141A1 (en) Optical concentrator for solar cells
AU2002362938A1 (en) Solar electricity generator
US20100126556A1 (en) Photovoltaic concentrator with auxiliary cells collecting diffuse radiation
US20110192460A1 (en) Solar Power Generator
CN205160460U (zh) 一种基于cpc设计的三平面复合平面聚光器
AU1731299A (en) Photovoltaic device, photovoltaic module and establishing method of photovoltaic system
CN107078688A (zh) 使用光伏二阶聚光的混合槽太阳能发电系统
CN101868861A (zh) 能量接收面板中的三维光电模块
US20110259397A1 (en) Rotational Trough Reflector Array For Solar-Electricity Generation
CN100368831C (zh) 一种采聚太阳能的掩模片及采用掩模片的太阳能装置
CN104639025A (zh) 密集阵列式聚光光伏系统
JP6854096B2 (ja) 集光型太陽電池システム及び発電方法
CN101308879B (zh) 均质杆
CN209982433U (zh) 一种非跟踪式聚光光伏发电装置
JP3558968B2 (ja) 太陽光発電装置
TWI538241B (zh) 太陽能發電裝置
CN110325801B (zh) 太阳能聚光器
JP2913024B2 (ja) 集光型太陽電池モジュール
KR200354772Y1 (ko) 곡률반사판이 결합된 태양광 모듈
Smith et al. TRANSLUCENT SOLAR MODULE FOR GREENHOUSE STRUCTURES: DESIGN AND CHARACTERIZATION
RU2355956C1 (ru) Солнечная фотоэнергосистема (варианты)

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C41 Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model
TA01 Transfer of patent application right

Effective date of registration: 20160122

Address after: The American state of New Mexico

Applicant after: Emcore Solar Power, Inc.

Address before: Israel Buffalo

Applicant before: Zenith Solar Ltd.

C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20160302

Termination date: 20201115