CN103298655A - 用于车辆座椅的致动器以及车辆座椅 - Google Patents

用于车辆座椅的致动器以及车辆座椅 Download PDF

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CN103298655A
CN103298655A CN2012800044174A CN201280004417A CN103298655A CN 103298655 A CN103298655 A CN 103298655A CN 2012800044174 A CN2012800044174 A CN 2012800044174A CN 201280004417 A CN201280004417 A CN 201280004417A CN 103298655 A CN103298655 A CN 103298655A
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actuator
motor
control unit
rotation
output element
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CN103298655B (zh
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N·希格
C·舒恩
F·格罗斯布德
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Keiper Seating Mechanisms Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60NSEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/02Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60NSEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/90Details or parts not otherwise provided for
    • B60N2/919Positioning and locking mechanisms
    • B60N2/929Positioning and locking mechanisms linear
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60NSEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/02Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable
    • B60N2/0224Non-manual adjustments, e.g. with electrical operation
    • B60N2/02246Electric motors therefor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60NSEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/02Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable
    • B60N2/0224Non-manual adjustments, e.g. with electrical operation
    • B60N2/02246Electric motors therefor
    • B60N2/02253Electric motors therefor characterised by the transmission between the electric motor and the seat or seat parts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60NSEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/02Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable
    • B60N2/0224Non-manual adjustments, e.g. with electrical operation
    • B60N2/02246Electric motors therefor
    • B60N2/02258Electric motors therefor characterised by the mounting of the electric motor for adjusting the seat
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60NSEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/02Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable
    • B60N2/0224Non-manual adjustments, e.g. with electrical operation
    • B60N2/0244Non-manual adjustments, e.g. with electrical operation with logic circuits
    • B60N2/0272Non-manual adjustments, e.g. with electrical operation with logic circuits using sensors or detectors for detecting the position of seat parts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60NSEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/24Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
    • B60N2/26Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles for children
    • B60N2/266Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles for children with detection or alerting means responsive to presence or absence of children; with detection or alerting means responsive to improper locking or installation of the child seats or parts thereof
    • B60N2/271Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles for children with detection or alerting means responsive to presence or absence of children; with detection or alerting means responsive to improper locking or installation of the child seats or parts thereof detecting or alerting means responsive to securing the child in the seat
    • B60N2/272Buckle lock sensors for child seat safety belts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60NSEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/24Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
    • B60N2/32Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles convertible for other use
    • B60N2/36Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles convertible for other use into a loading platform
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60NSEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/24Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
    • B60N2/32Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles convertible for other use
    • B60N2/36Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles convertible for other use into a loading platform
    • B60N2/366Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles convertible for other use into a loading platform characterised by the locking device
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60NSEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2220/00Computerised treatment of data for controlling of seats
    • B60N2220/30Computerised treatment of data for controlling of seats using a neural network
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/18Mechanical movements
    • Y10T74/18568Reciprocating or oscillating to or from alternating rotary
    • Y10T74/18576Reciprocating or oscillating to or from alternating rotary including screw and nut

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Child & Adolescent Psychology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Seats For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
  • Control Of Direct Current Motors (AREA)

Abstract

在用于车辆座椅的致动器(10)中,包括:壳体(11);电机(12),其布置成固定至壳体并具有电机轴(12a),电机轴(12a)具有至少一个第一旋转方向;齿轮机构(13),其在输出端借助电机轴(12a)连接至电机(12);致动器输出驱动器(14),其在输出端连接至齿轮机构(13);以及控制单元(21),所述致动器输出驱动器(14)具有输出元件(14b),通过在第一旋转方向上旋转电机轴(12a),所述输出元件(14b)能够在从起始位置到终端位置的方向上移动,其中电机轴(12a)的旋转方向能够借助控制单元(21)从第一旋转方向反转至相反的第二旋转方向,其结果是输出元件(14b)能够在从终端位置到起始位置的方向上移动。

Description

用于车辆座椅的致动器以及车辆座椅
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有权利要求1前序部分所述特征的用于车辆座椅的致动器。本发明还涉及一种具有权利要求10所述特征的车辆座椅。
背景技术
在WO2010/066320A1中公开了这种类型的致动器。其中,机械部件、电气(特别是电动)部件和电子部件组合在一起以形成子组件。在这种情况下,各种组合的子组件可用作在车辆座椅的不同位置处的致动器。还已知在其内未集成控制单元的致动器,而是致动器由外部控制单元控制,例如用于限制电流。已知致动器输出驱动器用于允许电机只在一个旋转方向上运行,以使得输出元件从初始位置进入到终端位置并提供使输出元件返回到初始位置的弹簧。DE3823505C2公开了一种致动器,其包括电动机和作为致动器输出驱动器的主轴齿轮。用作输出元件的定位框借助于弹簧舌片可释放地耦联到主轴齿轮的主轴螺母。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了改善在引言中所提及类型的致动器。
根据本发明,该目的通过具有权利要求1所述特征的致动器来实现。有利的实施例形成从属权利要求的主题。
通过将不同的功能集成于致动器中,控制单元的稍高的复杂度容许机械部件的复杂度相当低。由于旋转方向的反转,省去了用于使输出元件返回的弹簧以及由电机对弹簧的张紧,其结果是电机无需那样强劲,这也降低了对齿轮机构稳定性的要求。此外,限制电机的电流降低了对齿轮机构稳定性的要求。借助于传感器,有可能识别输出元件的初始位置和/或终端位置。否则,所述位置借助参数(电流、电压、时间)改变的特性来识别。如果所限定的终端位置和实际的终端位置不一致,那么输出元件被卡住,以便致动器优选将输出元件返回至初始位置。
优选地,输出元件的由传感器识别的终端位置(以及相应的初始位置)恰好定位在机械终端位置(阻挡块)即止动件之前,即传感器在输出元件于电机满功率下被驱动到终端位置(即朝向阻挡块移动)之前识别终端位置。然后电机电流被切断,并且输出元件优选地在即将停止时到达机械终端位置。因此,由于对位置的识别,止动件的加载可能会显著减少。电机和齿轮机构相当少地进入止动状态。特别地,防止电机由阻断电流加载。
致动器可与车辆座椅的不连续的锁定部件一起使用,例如用在靠背的锁定件或闩锁配合件或者自由枢转的装置内。所述锁定部件借助致动器(更具体地,其输出元件)致动,并因此从锁定状态进入到解锁状态(并且返回)。致动器还可以与连续的调节器(例如线性调节器)或腰部支撑件一起使用。
附图说明
以下将参考附图所示的示例性实施例来对本发明进行更详细地描述,附图中:
图1示出示例性实施例的俯视图;
图2示出车辆座椅的示意图;
图3示出示例性实施例的透视图;以及
图4示出了示例性实施例的示意性电路图。
具体实施方式
机动车辆的车辆座椅1具有至少一个致动器10,借助该致动器可调整座椅部件或者可触发一项功能(包括锁定部件的打开)。致动器10具有壳体11,在该壳体11内电机12被布置成固定至该壳体。在输出侧,齿轮机构13连接至电机12。更具体地,设有齿的电机12的电机轴12a与齿轮机构13的第一齿轮13a中具有较大直径的驱动直齿圆柱齿轮部分相啮合,所述第一齿轮13a可转动地安装于壳体11中。第一齿轮13a中具有较小直径的输出直齿圆柱齿轮部分与齿轮机构13的具有较大直径的第二齿轮13b相啮合,所述第二齿轮13b也安装于壳体11中。
在输出侧,致动器输出驱动器14连接至齿轮机构13,在当前情况下其配置成主轴齿轮。更具体地,配置成直齿圆柱齿轮的第二齿轮13b紧固至主轴14a——与主轴14a对齐并位于其端部处——主轴14a可转动地安装在壳体11内。主轴14a平行于电机轴12a布置。位于主轴14a上的主轴螺母与主轴14a协同作用,所述主轴螺母用作致动器输出驱动器14的输出元件14b。在其初始位置,输出元件14b布置在主轴14a的带有第二齿轮13b的端部处。在其终端位置,输出元件14b布置在主轴14a的远离第二齿轮13b的端部处。为了检测输出元件14b的终端位置,固定至壳体的第一传感器17布置在主轴14a的位于主轴14a远离第二齿轮13b的端部处的轴承上。可选地,为了检测输出元件14b的初始位置,固定至壳体的第二传感器18布置在主轴14a的位于主轴14a带有第二齿轮13b的端部处的轴承上。传感器17和18可机械地配置(例如作为微动开关)、电感地配置(例如作为霍尔传感器)、或电容地配置。
在壳体11的一侧上——在当前情况下是在致动器输出驱动器14在空间上远离电机12的一侧上——布置控制单元21,在当前情况下,所述控制单元为印制电路板21a,其具有多个IC(集成电路)模块,例如逻辑模块、功率控制模块(脉冲宽度调制)、输出级(例如全桥级)、用于在过压、ESD/EMC、温度等方面保护控制单元21的通信模块和部件。替代性地,所有这些功能都集成到具有相应接口的单一模块内。印制电路板21a形成,例如,壳体11的壁。
控制单元21具有内部电压电源22,其具有从印制电路板21a向外突出的两个供电端子VCC和GND。控制单元21还包括带有至少一个信号端子BUS(总线)的网络接口23。网络接口23用于使用信号端子BUS和供电端子GND(接地)例如与LIN总线进行通信。替代性地,所述网络接口可用于与另外的数据总线、例如CAN总线进行通信,而这需要更多的端子或另外的网络。控制单元21还具有传感器接口24,其连接至第一传感器17以及可选的第二传感器18。控制单元21包括逻辑单元25,网络接口23和传感器接口24连接至该逻辑单元25。最后,控制单元具有电机控制单元26,其连接至逻辑单元25并且对电机12进行控制,即在旋转方向及电流限制这两方面进行控制。电机控制单元26和逻辑单元25、网络接口23和传感器接口24由内部电压电源22供应电流。功率晶体管等可设置在用于电机控制单元26的IC模块外部。
作为一个子组件,致动器10包括机械、电气(特别是电动)和电子部件,以便所有必要的功能可以集成到致动器10内并且可以在致动器10内进行处理。经由网络接口23以及相应的实施而进行与车辆座椅1和车辆的通信、特别是与致动元件的通信。另外的功能基本由控制单元21的硬件决定。在机械方面,优选地,电机12、齿轮机构13和主轴14a(在每种情况下连同轴承一起)以及控制单元21全部集成在壳体11中。
除了借助其数据通过传感器接口24存储的传感器17和18之外,另外地或替代性地,能够借助对电流、电压和时间的测量进行位置的识别。也可以利用这些参数改变的特性来在下述状态之间进行区分:输出元件14b在一方面到达终端位置或初始位置,以及在中央位置卡住。除了借助传感器17和18对位置进行数字识别之外,还能够借助相应的(模拟)传感器对位置进行连续的识别。
电机控制单元26优选地具有使用脉宽调制的电流限制器。在超出电流限值之后——其例如借助印制电路板21a上的分流器测得——借助脉宽调制来降低电机12的电压,以便电机12接收的电流不超过预定义的电流限值。电机控制单元26还利用旋转方向的反转,其用于致动器10的返回并用作过载保护。在电机轴12a的第一旋转方向上,电机12将输出元件14b从初始位置朝向终端位置移动(借助齿轮机构13和主轴14a)。在电机轴12a的与电机轴12a的第一旋转方向相反的第二旋转方向上,电机12将输出元件14b从终端位置朝向初始位置往回移动。由于通过反转旋转方向的这一返回,省去了现有技术中所使用的联接器和弹簧。由于省略要被张紧的弹簧,电机12无需那样强劲,以便电机12的功率完全用于下述应用:调整座椅部件或触发功能。通过反转旋转方向的所述返回的实施,例如,由激活电机12的带有功率晶体管的全桥来进行。
为了从无源状态继续进行,致动器10借助由用户在致动元件上触发的切换进程而被激活(即其变化至激活状态),并且优选地借助数据总线BUS传递至致动器10。替代性地,致动器10的激活通过开关30(简单的电器开关)来触发,以便网络接口23不对总线协议、而仅仅对开关30的激活信号进行处理。在激活致动器10和切断电机电流(无源状态)之间,用户对致动器10没有影响,即网络接口23阻塞。
由于由操作者触发的切换进程或者由于致动器10的特定位置,致动器10的返回(即输出元件14b返回到初始位置)可能会主动发生。例如,当借助切换进程(例如在开关30上从“0”到“1”)在不连续的锁定部件中使用时,致动器10可被激活而解锁,以使锁定部件打开。当锁定部件打开时,控制单元21由于位置识别而切换回来,并且在旋转方向反转的状态下操作电机12,直到输出元件14b再次到达初始位置且电机12由于位置识别而再次切断为止。于是致动器10处于无源状态。然后锁定部件可以不受阻碍地(由致动器10)机械锁定。替代性地,控制单元21在锁定部件打开时切断电机12,并且在从“1”到“0”的切换进程之后,仅在旋转方向反转的状态下操作电机。
旋转方向在过载情况下的反转优选发生在通过位置识别而认定出现机械过载的时候,特别是在中间位置处,即:在出现既不是输出元件14b的初始位置又不是其终端位置而电流需求却迅速增加的时候。电机12受到旋转方向的反转,且输出元件14b优选地返回到其初始位置,以便致动器10不留在卡住位置。
除了借助所述的位置识别,致动器10还可以借助连接至网络接口23的网络获取有关其状态的信息,例如,所连接的锁定部件是否被锁定。此外,有可能通过使行李或儿童不能触发切换进程来确保防止错用的情况。反之,出于诊断目的,致动器10、特别是传感器17和18可在其无源状态下被询问。
附图标记清单
1 车辆座椅
10 致动器
11 壳体
12 电机
12a 电机轴
13 齿轮机构
13a 第一齿轮
13b 第二齿轮
14 致动器输出驱动器
14a 主轴
14b 输出元件
17 第一传感器
18 第二传感器
21 控制单元
21a 印制电路板
22 内部电压电源
23 网络接口
24 传感器接口
25 逻辑单元
26 电机控制单元
30 开关
BUS 网络接口的信号端子
GND 内部电压电源的供电端子(接地)
VCC 内部电压电源的供电端子

Claims (10)

1.一种用于车辆座椅的致动器,包括:壳体(11);电机(12),其布置成固定至壳体并具有电机轴(12a),电机轴(12a)具有至少一个第一旋转方向;齿轮机构(13),其在输出侧上借助电机轴(12a)连接至电机(12);致动器输出驱动器(14),其在输出侧上连接至齿轮机构(13);以及控制单元(21);
其特征在于:
所述致动器输出驱动器(14)具有输出元件(14b),通过在第一旋转方向上旋转电机轴(12a),所述输出元件(14b)能够从初始位置移动到终端位置,其中所述电机轴(12a)的旋转方向能够借助控制单元(21)从所述第一旋转方向反转至相反的第二旋转方向,以便输出元件(14b)能够从终端位置移动到初始位置。
2.根据权利要求1所述的致动器,其特征在于:致动器输出驱动器(14)具有可旋转地安装在壳体(11)内的主轴(14a),输出元件(14b)作为主轴螺母与所述主轴(14a)协同作用。
3.根据权利要求2所述的致动器,其特征在于:电机(12)、齿轮机构(13)、主轴(14a)以及控制单元(21)全部集成在壳体(11)内。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的致动器,其特征在于:主轴(14a)平行于电机轴(12a)布置。
5.根据任一前述权利要求所述的致动器,其特征在于:至少一个传感器(17,18)检测输出元件(14b)的终端位置或初始位置,其中所述控制单元(21)特别地具有连接至所述至少一个传感器(17,18)的传感器接口(24)。
6.根据任一前述权利要求所述的致动器,其特征在于:借助对电流、电压和时间的测量来提供对输出元件(14b)的位置的识别,所述测量评估所述参数改变的特性。
7.根据任一前述权利要求所述的致动器,其特征在于:控制单元(21)具有电机控制单元(26),所述电机控制单元控制电机轴(12a)的旋转方向的反转并且限制供应至电机(12)的电流。
8.根据任一前述权利要求所述的致动器,其特征在于:控制单元(21)具有用于致动器(10)与数据总线的通信的网络接口(23)。
9.根据任一前述权利要求所述的致动器,其特征在于:控制单元(21)具有至少一个信号端子(BUS)和两个供电端子(VVC,GND)。
10.一种车辆座椅(1),具有可调整的座椅部件和/或能被触发的功能,其特征在于包括根据前述权利要求之一所述的致动器(10)。
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